HELPING EDUCATORS
ENGAGING MINDS
Instructor’s Guide
THE HELPING INTERVIEW:
Enhancing Therapeutic Communication
Series 684
684.1: Basic Components, Helper Qualities, and
Attending Skills
This Instructor’s Guide Contains:
Objectives, discussion questions, practice exercises, quizzes, and answer keys for all of the
programs in The Helping Interview series. Institutions who have purchased Series 684 from
Concept Media have permission to duplicate any of the contents of this Instructor’s Guide for
teaching purposes.
Instructor’s Guide for Program 684.1: The Helping Interview: Basic Components, Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
THE HELPING INTERVIEW:
Enhancing Therapeutic Communication
Program 684.1: Basic Components, Helper Qualities, and
Attending Skills
Objectives
After completing the program, the learner will be able to:
•
Describe four qualities in a helper that favorably affect the outcome of an interview.
ƒ define each
ƒ explain how they are conveyed to the client
•
Discuss the importance of respect and autonomy in helping.
•
Discuss three steps a helper can take to get ready for a helping interview.
•
Describe four attending skills.
•
demonstrate proper body position
•
cite a benefit of eye contact
•
discuss the use of observation
•
discuss the role of listening
Discussion Questions
1. What classes in therapeutic responding have you taken? What specific guidelines were you given?
2. What techniques do you use for closing a helping session?
3. When ending a session, do you feel awkward or uncomfortable? If so, what do you think causes
you to feel that way?
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
1 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media
PRETEST
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
QUESTIONS
ANSWERS
A client’s problems can be solved by another person.
True False
Giving advice is an important part of helping.
True False
You help others when you give them unsolicited information.
True False
There are two general types of helping interviews.
True False
Most techniques in the helping interview are used in long-term True False
counseling.
Warmth comes from within and does not have to be conveyed to True False
another.
Being unafraid to admit a mistake is a mark of genuineness.
True False
A person who says one thing verbally and contradicts the words with True False
body language might be lacking in genuineness.
A person who is open protects himself/herself from being rejected.
True False
Being open sometime subjects the helper to unsettling information.
True False
Empathy is similar to sympathy.
True False
Empathy also includes the ability to give the client empathetic True False
feedback
A client with peculiar ideas should be confronted regarding them.
True False
Respect is belief in the client’s personal worth.
True False
A helper who makes important decisions for a client may be positively True False
affecting the client’s autonomy.
Helpers who are aware of their own personal attitudes, motives, values, True False
and feelings have a lessened ability to be helpful to clients.
It is helpful to set a time limit for an interview session.
True False
Privacy is essential in a helping interview.
True False
The helper and client should sit so their eyes are level.
True False
A person can get clues to a client’s affective state by observation.
True False
Observation is probably the most important attending skill.
True False
It is important to listen to themes in a client’s conversation.
True False
A shift in topics is due to client deception.
True False
Listening to a client is one of the most challenging parts of a helping True False
interview.
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
2 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media
Practice Exercises: Role Playing
These role-playing exercises are designed for three persons who take turns being the caregiver/helper,
the client, and the observer.
Exercise No. 1: Attending Behavior
Client: Talks about any subject for about one minute.
Helper: Interacts with the client. Uses good attending behavior.
Observer: Watches and listens to answer the following questions:
ƒ Are the participants seated so that they are approximately the same height?
ƒ Does the helper lean forward slightly?
ƒ Does the helper establish eye contact with the client?
ƒ Does the helper appear relaxed and free from mannerisms which may signify nervousness or
impatience? If not, list mannerisms.
Exercise No. 2: Observing
Client: Talks about a minor problem that he/she is facing.
Helper: Interacts with the client. Pays particular attention to his/her grooming, appearance and mood.
Observer: Validates observations of the client with those of the helper. Discusses any differences.
ƒ Describes the client’s grooming.
ƒ States overall impression of the client based on his/her appearance.
ƒ Describes the mood of the client.
Exercise No. 3: Listening
Client: Talks about a subject of interest for approximately one minute.
Helper: Listens carefully and then:
ƒ Repeats verbatim what the client has just said.
ƒ In one word describes the client’s feelings.
Observer: Validates whether he/she heard the client’s words the same as the helper did, and would use
the same or similar word to describe the client’s feelings.
Exercise No. 4: Listening
Client: Engages in a longer discussion with the helper on any subject. During this time the client
should do most of the talking.
Helper: Listens to the client, interjecting as few words as needed to keep the interaction going.
Observer: Notes changes in the flow of the interaction and discusses the following questions:
ƒ What shifts in the conversation occurred?
ƒ What problems did the client mention during the interaction? Who or what is the cause of the
problem?
ƒ What changes in the volume and speed of the client’s speech occurred?
ƒ Did the helper forget to listen at any time? If so, how was this apparent?
Exercise No. 5: Personal Qualities
Client and Observer: Together answer the following questions regarding the helper during one of the
previous interactions.
ƒ Did the helper show warmth as a person?.
ƒ How was empathy demonstrated?
ƒ What incongruence, if any, was there between his/her verbal and nonverbal communication?
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
3 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media
EXAM
1. Helping can involve:
a.
b.
c.
d.
giving a person needed information.
creating an atmosphere where he/she feels safe.
allowing the person to disclose what is on his/her mind.
All the above
2. Which of the following statements regarding helping is NOT true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The techniques used in a helping interview are employed in long-term counseling.
Almost everyone can improve his/her counseling skills.
Giving good, solid advice is the cornerstone of helping.
Allowing a person to see a situation differently is helpful.
3. Warmth is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
difficult to define.
a manifestation of a person's concern for another.
communicated through nonverbal communication.
b and c
All the above
4. Genuineness is manifested by communicating to the client:
a.
b.
c.
d.
solutions to his/her problems.
the caregiver's superior status.
admission of a mistake the caregiver made.
a and c
5. A caregiver who is open:
a.
b.
c.
d.
allows thoughts, feelings, and motives to be known.
helps others to be open as well.
is a positive role model for clients.
All the above
6. Openness involves:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
telling the client when a subject makes the caregiver uncomfortable.
disclosing personal information to the client.
using discretion.
a and c
All the above
7. Empathy is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
a synonym for sympathy.
similar to warmth.
entering a client's frame of reference.
the ability to judge a client.
8. Which of these client statements BEST indicates a caregiver's empathy?
a.
b.
c.
d.
"He helped me figure out an alternate solution to my problem."
"She talked to me about support groups that would be helpful for me."
"He recognized how strongly I felt about the divorce."
"She never interrupted me or put me down in any way."
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
4 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media
9. Which of these client statements BEST indicates a caregiver's respect for the client?
a.
b.
c.
d.
"He was always polite to me even when I knew he didn't agree with what I said."
"She always was attuned to my feelings."
"She was motherly and sympathetic to my problems."
"He let me know what he was thinking and feeling about a subject."
10. Autonomy is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
helping a person make the right decision.
referring someone to a self-help group.
being domineering.
self-directing freedom.
11. Which of the following is helpful in initiating a helping interview?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Setting a specific time for the interview.
Discussing the time allotted for the interaction.
Establishing privacy.
a and c
All the above
12. Which of the following describes optimum seating in a helping interview?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Client on one side of the desk, caregiver on the other.
Caregiver sitting casually on the desk, client in chair nearby.
Caregiver and client sitting next to each other.
Caregiver in one room, client in another.
13. Which of the following caregiver positions is thought to be best?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Leaning forward towards the client, with eyes level with his/her eyes.
Leaning away from the client, with eyes level with his/her eyes.
Sitting upright in a somewhat rigid position.
None of the above
14. By observing a client, the caregiver:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
stimulates the client to talk.
assesses the client's affect.
assesses the client's point of view.
b and c
All the above
15. Listening is important because it:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
encourages the client to verbalize.
gives indications of what the client feels about him/herself .
gives indications of what the client feels about significant others.
a and b
All the above
16. Which of the following is/are important to note when listening to a client?
a.
b.
c.
d.
How the client perceives others think about her/him
Repetition
Themes
b and c
e. All the above
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
5 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media
ANSWER KEYS
Pretest Answers
1. False
13. False
2. False
14. True
3. False
15. False
4. True
16. False
5. True
17. True
6. False
18. True
7. True
19. True
8. True
20. True
9. False
21. False
10. True
22. True
11. False
23. False
12. True
24. True
Exam Answers
1. d
9. a
2. c
10. d
3. e
11. e
4. c
12. c
5. d
13. a
6. d
14. e
7. c
15. e
8. c
16. e
Instructor’s Guide for The Helping Interview : Basic Components,
6 Helper Qualities, and Attending Skills
Permission to duplicate for classroom use granted to purchaser only.
2004 Concept Media