18 3.notebook

18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Chapter 18
Section 3
Types of Interactions
Apr 7­12:07 PM
Vocab words to learn for this section:
Carrying Capacity
Predator Prey
Symbiosis
Mutalism Commensalisms
Parasitism
Coevolution
Apr 7­12:11 PM
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18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Limiting Factors: Populations cannot grow without stopping, because the environment contains a limited number of:
• Food
• Water
• Living Space
• Other Resources
Think about it: What happens to all the animals who depend on the rainforest to survive. Less land equals less space equals less resources for all those plants or animals to survive.
Apr 8­9:45 AM
Carrying Capacity: The largest population that an environment can support at any given time.
Example: If a rainy season produces a lot of plants­ the amount of Herbivores can increase, if there are fewer plants produced in a dry season, the amount of Herbivores that can be supported will decrease.
Apr 8­9:54 AM
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18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Interactions between organisms:
Competition:
Happens between individuals within a population.
An example is Elk competing for the same food plants.
It also happens between populations. An example is trees/plants competing with each other for sunlight and space.
Apr 8­10:12 AM
Predators and Prey: The organism that is EATEN is the prey
The organism that EATS the prey is the predator.
Predator adaptations: The predator must be able to catch their prey, they use a wide variety of methods like speed or camouflage
Prey adaptations: Name some adaptations that prey use to fight against being eaten.
a) Camouflage
b) Defensive Chemicals
c) Warning Coloration
Apr 8­10:16 AM
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18 3.notebook
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Symbiosis: A relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other.
There are many examples of symbiosis; Apr 8­10:22 AM
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit.
The photograph on the top with the purple spots is not a modern artistic masterpiece, but bird poop with seeds kindly left on the windshield of our car by a neighborhood bird.
The mutualistic relationship is clear. The birds and mammals derive a food benefit by eating the berries and fruits. The plant, in turn, disperses it seeds.
Apr 8­10:24 AM
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18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other in unaffected.
The Remora benefits by using the host as transport and protection and also feeds on materials dropped by the host.
Apr 8­10:30 AM
Parasitism
A relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed.
Tape Worms
Flea bites on a human.
Apr 8­10:36 AM
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18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Words to Define (starting on page 480)
ecology biotic
abiotic
population
community
ecosystem
biosphere
producers
consumers
herbivore
carnivore
omnivore
scavenger
decomposers
food chain
Apr 21­1:36 PM
food web
energy pyramid
limiting factor
carrying capacity
competition
prey
predator
camouflage
symbiosis
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
parasite
host
1st level consumer
2nd level consumer
warning coloration
3rd level consumer
Apr 18­8:05 AM
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18 3.notebook
September 04, 2015
Apr 19­9:35 AM
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