18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Chapter 18 Section 3 Types of Interactions Apr 712:07 PM Vocab words to learn for this section: Carrying Capacity Predator Prey Symbiosis Mutalism Commensalisms Parasitism Coevolution Apr 712:11 PM 1 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Limiting Factors: Populations cannot grow without stopping, because the environment contains a limited number of: • Food • Water • Living Space • Other Resources Think about it: What happens to all the animals who depend on the rainforest to survive. Less land equals less space equals less resources for all those plants or animals to survive. Apr 89:45 AM Carrying Capacity: The largest population that an environment can support at any given time. Example: If a rainy season produces a lot of plants the amount of Herbivores can increase, if there are fewer plants produced in a dry season, the amount of Herbivores that can be supported will decrease. Apr 89:54 AM 2 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Interactions between organisms: Competition: Happens between individuals within a population. An example is Elk competing for the same food plants. It also happens between populations. An example is trees/plants competing with each other for sunlight and space. Apr 810:12 AM Predators and Prey: The organism that is EATEN is the prey The organism that EATS the prey is the predator. Predator adaptations: The predator must be able to catch their prey, they use a wide variety of methods like speed or camouflage Prey adaptations: Name some adaptations that prey use to fight against being eaten. a) Camouflage b) Defensive Chemicals c) Warning Coloration Apr 810:16 AM 3 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Symbiosis: A relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other. There are many examples of symbiosis; Apr 810:22 AM Mutualism A relationship between two species in which both species benefit. The photograph on the top with the purple spots is not a modern artistic masterpiece, but bird poop with seeds kindly left on the windshield of our car by a neighborhood bird. The mutualistic relationship is clear. The birds and mammals derive a food benefit by eating the berries and fruits. The plant, in turn, disperses it seeds. Apr 810:24 AM 4 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Commensalism A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other in unaffected. The Remora benefits by using the host as transport and protection and also feeds on materials dropped by the host. Apr 810:30 AM Parasitism A relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed. Tape Worms Flea bites on a human. Apr 810:36 AM 5 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Words to Define (starting on page 480) ecology biotic abiotic population community ecosystem biosphere producers consumers herbivore carnivore omnivore scavenger decomposers food chain Apr 211:36 PM food web energy pyramid limiting factor carrying capacity competition prey predator camouflage symbiosis mutualism commensalism parasitism parasite host 1st level consumer 2nd level consumer warning coloration 3rd level consumer Apr 188:05 AM 6 18 3.notebook September 04, 2015 Apr 199:35 AM 7
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