Vol 4 Issue 1 July 2014
ISSN No :2231-5063
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ISSN No.2231-5063
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Golden Research Thoughts
ISSN 2231-5063
Impact Factor : 2.2052(UIF)
Volume-4 | Issue-1 | July-2014
Available online at www.aygrt.isrj.net
GRT
ESTIMATION OF TOLERANCE OF SHAFT AND
HOLE USING MATLAB
Krishna Verma
B.Tech (Automobile), School of Engineering & Technology,Sharda University, Greater Noida
Abstract:-Through this paper an idea is generated for the estimation of tolerance of shaft and hole. In this
section finding the tolerance of shaft and hole is to be analyzed by the coding in the Matlab software.
Estimation of tolerance is done on two conditions One is when the basic size and tolerance grade of shaft or
hole is given, and the other is when the basic size is only given and the type of fit is known.
Keywords:Estimation , Shaft , estimation , analyzed.
INTRODUCTION :General Discussion about Tolerance
Tolerance is defined as the highest possible changes in a dimension. For shaft and hole tolerance implies to the
difference between upper and lower limit of a dimension. There are two kinds of tolerance , one in which tolerances is on one
side of nominal size known as unilateral system and other one in which tolerances is on both sides of nominal size known as
bilateral system. According to the IS: 919(part-1)-1993 Indian Standard, there are 18 grades of fundamental tolerances in the
system of fits and limits. Out of 18 tolerance grades IT0, IT1, IT01, and IT16 are called as standard tolerances. The grades of
accuracy which tells the compatibility of shafts and holes or measures their accuracy is divided into the letter alphabets, for
Hole A to ZC (in capital letters),and for shaft a to zc (in small letters).Tolerance is represented by i, the SI unit of tolerance is
micron ,where
i = 0.45 × ᶾ √ D + 0.001×D (micron)
Benefits of finding Tolerance
There is no possibility to make everything correct or accurate. It is impossible to cast the exact size ,So here tolerance
play a big role in the production ,where by use of tolerance we can control the accuracy and make the material perfect as much
as possible .The marking of the tolerances is done on the mating parts. It allows the for interchangeable parts and allowing the
replacement of individual parts. Thus by estimating the tolerance a great development can be done in the field of accuracy of
the materials.
Finding the Tolerance
Krishna Verma , “ESTIMATION OF TOLERANCE OF SHAFT AND HOLE USING MATLAB”,
Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | July 2014 | Online & Print
1
.Estimation Of Tolerance Of Shaft And Hole Using Matlab
Fig: Tolerance Zone
In the give figure, there is shaft and hole in which the upper deviation, lower deviation, max size, min size, zero line
and basic size is illustrated, then
Tolerance = Upper deviation – Lower deviation
Tolerance grades
Tolerance
grade
IT5
IT6
IT7
IT8
IT9
IT10
IT11
IT12
IT13
IT 14
IT15
IT16
Magnitude
7i
10i
16i
25i
40i
64i
100i
160i
250i
400i
640i
1000i
Program of Matlab
a = input('Basic size in mm = ');
disp('If you know grade then type it else press enter')
if 1 < a && a <= 3 ;
d=sqrt(1*3);
elseif 3 < a && a <= 6 ;
d=sqrt(3*6);
elseif 6 < a && a <= 10 ;
d=sqrt(6*10);
elseif 10 < a && a <= 18 ;
d=sqrt(10*18);
elseif 18 < a && a <= 30 ;
d=sqrt(18*30);
elseif 30 < a && a <= 50 ;
d=sqrt(30*50);
elseif 50 < a && a <= 80 ;
d=sqrt(50*80);
elseif 80 < a && a <= 120 ;
d=sqrt(80*120);
Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | July 2014
2
.Estimation Of Tolerance Of Shaft And Hole Using Matlab
elseif 120 < a && a <=180 ;
d=sqrt(120*180);
elseif 180 < a && a <= 250 ;
d=sqrt(180*250);
elseif 250 < a && a <=315 ;
d=sqrt(250*315);
elseif 315 < a && a <=400 ;
d=sqrt(315*400);
else 400 < a && a < 500 ;
d=sqrt(400*500);
end
n1 = input('Tolerance grade for shaft= ');
if n1==5 ;
nnnn=n7;
elseif n1==6
nnnn=10;
elseif n1==7
nnnn=16;
elseif n1==8
nnnn=25;
elseif n1==9
nnnn=40;
elseif n1==10
nnnn=64;
elseif n1==11
nnnn=100;
elseif n1==12
nnnn=160;
elseif n1==13
nnnn=250;
elseif n1==14
nnnn=400;
elseif n1==15
nnnn=640;
else n1==16;
nnnn=1000;
end
n = input('Tolerance grade for hole= ');
if n==5;
nn=n7n;
elseif n==6;
nn=10;
elseif n==7;
nn=16;
elseif n==8;
nn=25;
elseif n==9;
nn=40;
elseif n==10;
nn=64;
elseif n==11;
nn=100;
elseif n==12;
nn=160;
elseif n==13;
nn=250;
elseif n==14;
nn=400;
Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | July 2014
3
.Estimation Of Tolerance Of Shaft And Hole Using Matlab
elseif n==15;
nn=640;
elseif n==16;
nn=1000;
else;
disp(' ')
disp('For Large Clearance Fit = LC')
disp('For Slack Running Fit = SR')
disp('For Loose Running Fit = LR')
disp('For Easy Running Fit = ER')
disp('For Normal Running Fit = NR')
disp('For Close Running Fit = CR')
disp('For Precision Fit = PR')
disp('For Push Fit = PF')
disp('For True Transition Fit = TT')
disp('For Medium Keying Fit = MK ')
disp('For Heavy keying Fit = HK')
disp('Light Press Fit = LP')
disp('Medium Drive Fit = MD')
disp('Heavy Drive Fit = HD')
disp('Force Fit = F')
disp('Heavy Force Fit = HF')
disp('
')
nnn= input('Type of Fit =','s');
if strcmp(nnn,'FC');
nn=100;nnnn=100;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'SR');
nn=25;nnnn=40;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'LR');
nn=25;nnnn=40;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'ER');
nn=25;nnnn=25;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'NR');
nn=25;nnnn=25;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'CR');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'P');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'PF');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'TT');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'MK');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'HK');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'LP');
nn=16;nnnn=10;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'MD');
nn=16;nnnn=10;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'HD');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
elseif strcmp(nnn,'F');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
else strcmp(nnn,'HF');
nn=25;nnnn=16;
end
end
Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | July 2014
4
.Estimation Of Tolerance Of Shaft And Hole Using Matlab
ii = 0.45 * d^(1./3) + 0.001 * d;
i1=(nn*ii);
fprintf('Hole Tolerance = %f microns',i1)
i2=(nnnn*ii);
fprintf('\nShaft Tolerance = %f microns',i2)
Result of Matlab program in the command window
Fig:1 The output of tolerances when tolerance grades and basic size of shaft and hole is given
Fig:2 The output of tolerances when basic size is only given and types of fit is known
Figure : 1
Figure : 2
REFERENCES:
1.R.S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta : Machine Design (2005).
Krishna Verma
B.Tech (Automobile), School of Engineering & Technology,Sharda University, Greater Noida
Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | July 2014
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