Era Of Good Feelings
A National Perception
Fourth of July Celebration in Centre Square
John Lewis Krimmel, 1819
Era Of Good Feelings – POL
James Monroe (D-R) (1817-1825)
Era Of Good Feelings – POL
The Marshall Court

McCulloch v. Maryland
(1819)
 Bank of the United States
constitutional under
“necessary and proper”
 States could not tax the
Bank - Supremacy Clause

Gibbons v. Ogden
(1824)
 Increased federal
government’s interstate
commerce authority
Chief Justice John Marshall
Era Of Good Feelings – POL
The Great Triumvirate
WEST
NORTH
Henry Clay of Kentucky
Daniel Webster of
Massachusetts
SOUTH
John C. Calhoun
of South Carolina
Era Of Good Feelings – POL
Missouri Compromise (1820)




Proposed by Henry
Clay
Missouri admitted
as slave state
Maine admitted as
free state
Establish Latitude
36 30’ Line
 North of the line
is free
 South of the line
is slave
“Missouri question aroused and filled me
with alarm…
alarm…I have been among the most
sanguine in believing that our Union would
be of long duration. I now doubt it much.”
much.” Thomas Jefferson, April 13, 1820
Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)
Era Of Good Feelings – WOR
Monroe Doctrine (1823)



U.S. and Great Britain
concerned about European
expansion into Americas
Authored by John Q.
Adams
Points
 Americas no longer subject
to European colonization
 Europe must not interfere
with sovereignty of
independent nations in
Western Hemisphere
America’s Market Revolution




Subsistence farming to
market specialization
Free enterprise system
Capital investment and
state charters
Development of state and
national infrastructure
and networks
America’s Market Economy – WXT
Cumberland Road
America’s Market Economy – WXT
Erie Canal
America’s Market Economy – WXT
The Clermont
America’s Market Economy – WXT
Railroad



Faster and durable
form of transportation
Introduced in late
1820s
Only small lines
between major
regional cities
America’s Market Economy – WXT
Telegraph
Samuel Morse in
1844
 Information becomes
widespread
 Efficient control and
administration of
politics, business,
transportation,
markets

America’s Market Economy – WXT
America’s Market Economy - WXT
America’s Market Economy – WXT
Innovations
Steam engine
Interchangeable parts
Cotton gin
Spinning jenny
America’s Market Economy:
Agriculture and Cotton

Evolution of Cotton
 Technological Advancements

Eli Whitney’
Whitney’s cotton gin
 Improved transportation
 King Cotton

Impact of Improved Agriculture
 Regional specialization
 Increased drive for western
expansion
 Increased demand for slavery
America’s Market Economy:
Industry and the Factory System

Evolution Of Textiles




Putting-out system
Technological advancements
Samuel Slater
Lowell System




Vertically integrated system
Boardinghouses
Recruitment of young women
Impact Of Industrialization





Increased output
Opportunities for unskilled labor
Weakened artisans
Increased urbanization
Increased American
competitiveness
America’s Market Economy - WXT
The American System

Henry Clay’s Plan
 Protective tariffs
Develop domestic industries
 Source of federal revenue including
infrastructure projects
 Tariff of 1816

 Rate of 20-25%
 National bank
Facilitate commerce and credit
systems
 Second Bank of the United States
(BUS) (1816)

 Infrastructure
National roads, canals, internal
improvements
 Improved transportation connected
and expanded markets

America’s Market Economy – WXT
Panic of 1819

Causes
 Western land speculation
 War inflation then post-war deflation
 BUS pursued contractionary monetary
policy

Aftermath
 First recession of market economy
 Northern manufacturers demanded
high tariffs
 Southern farmers demanded low
tariffs
 Westerners criticized speculators and
bankers
United States c. 1824