Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: B
Ch. 2 - Motion - Study Guide
Short Answer
1.
What are the two ways a cyclist can have a positive acceleration?.
2. Explain the difference between distance and displacement.
3. If a car travels straight down the highway acellerating, are the forces acting on the car balanced or
unbalanced? Explain.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
4. On a distance vs. time graph, the line of an object at rest is a
a. flat line with a slope of zero.
c. jagged line with a negative slope.
b. curved line with a positive slope.
d. curved line with a slope of zero.
____
5. Instantaneous speed is the rate of motion at an instant in time. Based on this statement, a reasonable
conclusion is that if an object’s instantaneous speed does not change over time while the object is in motion,
then ___________.
a. the object has returned to its
c. the object is moving at a constant
beginning position
speed
b. the object is quickly speeding up
d. the object is very gradually slowing
down
____
6. An object that changes position relative to a reference point is
a. moving at constant speed.
c. stationary.
b. moving at constant velocity.
d. in motion.
____
7. When the motion of an object is shown by a straight line on a distance vs. time graph with distance on the
y-axis, the slope of the line is the
a. displacement.
c. speed.
b. time of travel.
d. distance traveled.
1
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____
8. Newton's first law of motion is also called the law of ____.
a. mass
c. force
b. inertia
d. constant velocity
____
9. Which of the following best illustrates balanced forces?
a. a person lifting a heavy box off of the ground
b. a crash between a large truck and a train
c. a rock falling to the ground
d. a stretched rubber band being held between two hands
____ 10. Which straight-line acceleration indicates an increase in speed?
a. 0 m/s2
c. −15 m/s2
2
b. 4 m/s
d. All of the above
____ 11. The distance traveled by an object divided by the time it takes to travel that distance is called
a. average velocity.
c. average acceleration.
b. average speed.
d. negative acceleration.
____ 12. On a velocity vs. time graph, what shows the value of the acceleration?
a. the final velocity
c. the x-axis
b. the slope of the line
d. the y-axis
____ 13. On a bus traveling north at 20.0 m/s, a child stands up and walks toward the back of the bus at 2.5 m/s. What
is the child’s resultant velocity?
a. 17.5 m/s south
c. 17.5 m/s north
b. 21.3 m/s north
d. 21.3 m/s south
____ 14. On a distance vs. time graph of an object’s motion, distance is usually
a. measured in ft/min.
c. plotted on the x-axis.
b. greater than time.
d. the dependent variable.
____ 15. An object is in motion when
a. the object’s displacement is greater than the distance traveled.
b. the object’s speed increases.
c. you observe the object move.
d. the object changes position relative to a stationary reference point.
2
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 16.
The horses on this carousel are accelerating because _____________.
a. the speed of the horses is constantly
c. the speed of the horses is constantly
increasing
decreasing
b. the travel time is different for every
d. the direction of the horses’ motion is
ride
constantly changing
____ 17. An object is in motion when
a. the object’s displacement is greater than the distance traveled.
b. the object changes position relative to a frame of reference.
c. the net force acting on the object is zero.
d. friction occurs.
____ 18. The combination of all of the forces acting on an object is called the
a. net force.
c. total force.
b. union of forces.
d. super force.
____ 19. Peter runs in a constant direction on a straight road. The velocity vs. time graph of Peter’s motion shows a
straight line with a negative slope. What does the line tell you about Peter’s speed?
a. It is decreasing, then increasing.
c. It is increasing.
b. It is constant.
d. It is decreasing.
____ 20. A pitcher throws a baseball to home plate, a distance of 60.5 ft. The ball reaches home plate in 0.45 s. What
is the velocity of the ball?
a. 96 ft/s
c. 134 ft/s toward home plate
b. 96 ft/s toward home plate
d. 134 ft/s
____ 21.
What is probably being measured in the diagram above?
a. speed
c. gasoline mileage
b. time
d. distance
3
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 22. The difference between speed and velocity is that velocity includes
a. weight.
c. time.
b. distance.
d. direction.
____ 23. A horizontal line on a velocity/time graph shows ____ acceleration.
a. changing
c. positive
b. negative
d. zero
____ 24. If the net force on an object is zero then the object has
a. action forces.
c. reaction forces.
b. unbalanced forces.
d. balanced forces.
____ 25. Average speed can be represented by the mathematical expression
a. distance × time.
c. distance/time.
b. time – distance.
d. time + distance.
____ 26. If you ride your bicycle down a straight road for 500 m then turn around and ride back to your starting
position, your distance is ____ your displacement.
a. less than
c. can’t determine
b. equal to
d. greater than
____ 27. A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the line is an example of
a. unbalanced forces.
c. balanced forces.
b. action forces.
d. reaction forces.
____ 28. Which is an example of balanced forces acting on an object?
a. a kangaroo jumping
c. a cyclist slowing down
b. a car turning a corner
d. a leaf lying on the grass
____ 29. Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by
a. speed.
c. time.
b. distance.
d. final velocity.
____ 30. The SI unit for speed is
a. m/s.
b. ∆v / t.
c.
d.
ft/s2.
mph.
____ 31. A merry-go-round horse moves at a constant speed but at a changing ____.
a. inertia
c. balanced force
b. unbalanced force
d. velocity
____ 32. Displacement must always indicate
a. time.
b. velocity.
c.
d.
4
direction.
speed.
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 33.
The pictures show a large box being pushed in opposite directions by two men. The box
changed its position in the room because _____________.
a. the man on the right side applied
c. the smooth floor created no friction
more force than the man on the left
side
b. the opposing forces were balanced
d. the man on the left side applied more
force than the man on the right side
____ 34.
The graph above represents the change in velocity of four cars over a period of 6 seconds. Which line
represents the car with the greatest acceleration?
a. 2
c. 1
b. 4
d. 3
____ 35. On a speed-time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is
a. not moving.
c. speeding up.
b. traveling at a constant speed.
d. slowing down.
____ 36. 3 m/s north is an example of a(n) ____.
a. velocity
b. position
c.
d.
5
acceleration
speed
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 37. The relationship among speed, distance, and time is ____.
a. s = dt
c. d = t/s
b. s = d/t
d. t = s/d
____ 38. When velocity changes by the same amount over each time interval, acceleration is
a. constant.
c. negative.
b. zero.
d. positive.
____ 39. The speed you read on a speedometer is ____.
a. instantaneous speed
c.
b. constant speed
d.
velocity
average speed
____ 40. On a speed vs. time graph, constant acceleration is represented by a
a. slightly sloped line.
c. jagged line.
b. straight line.
d. steeply sloped line.
____ 41. An object experiencing balanced forces
a. stops moving.
b. is speeding up.
c.
d.
has a net force of zero.
is slowing down.
____ 42. Force is a quantity made up of
a. weight and speed.
b. mass and velocity.
c.
d.
magnitude and direction.
time and acceleration.
____ 43. A single point on a distance-time graph tells the ____.
a. instantaneous speed
c. constant speed
b. average speed
d. average velocity
____ 44. A car moving at an average speed of 25.0 mi/h for 3.5 h has traveled
a. 97.5 mi.
c. 0.08 mi.
b. 13 mi.
d. 55 mi.
____ 45. The _____ of an object consists of its speed and direction.
a. instantaneous speed
c. velocity
b. average speed
d. displacement
____ 46. If the net force acting on a stationary object is zero, then the object will
a. decelerate at a steady rate of speed.
b. remain at rest.
c. begin moving backwards.
d. accelerate in the direction of the strongest force.
____ 47. An airplane is flying at 635 km per hour at an altitude of 35,000 m. It is currently over Kansas and is
approximately 16 minutes ahead of its scheduled arrival time. What is its velocity?
a. This cannot be determined without further information about its direction.
b. 35 000 m/s
c. 16 m/min
d. 635 km/h
6
Name: ________________________
ID: B
____ 48. Net force is
a. the force acting in the same direction as an object’s movement.
b. the force of gravity pulling an object down.
c. the force acting in the opposite direction of an object’s movement.
d. the combination of all the forces acting on an object.
____ 49.
The graph above shows the distance traveled by four objects over a period of 5 seconds.Which line on the
graph represents an object that is accelerating?
a. 4
c. 1
b. 2
d. 3
7
ID: B
Ch. 2 - Motion - Study Guide
Answer Section
SHORT ANSWER
1. ANS:
Acelleration can be an increase in velocity or a change in direction.
PTS: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
2. ANS:
Distance is the amount traveled; while displacement is the resultant difference bewteen starting and ending
position.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 1/1
3. ANS:
The forces must be unbalanced, because there is an acceleration.
PTS: 1
DIF:
2
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
DIF:
B
2
OBJ: 8/3
REF: 3
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
4. ANS:
OBJ:
5. ANS:
6. ANS:
OBJ:
7. ANS:
OBJ:
8. ANS:
9. ANS:
OBJ:
10. ANS:
OBJ:
11. ANS:
OBJ:
12. ANS:
OBJ:
13. ANS:
OBJ:
14. ANS:
OBJ:
15. ANS:
OBJ:
16. ANS:
17. ANS:
OBJ:
A
4
C
D
1
C
4
B
D
3
B
2
B
3
B
3
C
2
D
4
D
1
D
B
3
1
ID: B
18. ANS:
OBJ:
19. ANS:
OBJ:
20. ANS:
OBJ:
21. ANS:
22. ANS:
OBJ:
23. ANS:
24. ANS:
OBJ:
25. ANS:
OBJ:
26. ANS:
STA:
27. ANS:
OBJ:
28. ANS:
OBJ:
29. ANS:
OBJ:
30. ANS:
OBJ:
31. ANS:
32. ANS:
OBJ:
33. ANS:
34. ANS:
35. ANS:
OBJ:
36. ANS:
37. ANS:
38. ANS:
OBJ:
39. ANS:
40. ANS:
OBJ:
41. ANS:
OBJ:
42. ANS:
OBJ:
43. ANS:
44. ANS:
OBJ:
A
PTS:
1
D
PTS:
3
C
PTS:
2
A
PTS:
D
PTS:
2
D
PTS:
D
PTS:
1
C
PTS:
3
D
PTS:
SCI.IV.3.MS.2
A
PTS:
1
D
PTS:
2
C
PTS:
1
A
PTS:
3
D
PTS:
C
PTS:
1
D
PTS:
C
PTS:
D
PTS:
3
A
PTS:
B
PTS:
A
PTS:
3
A
PTS:
B
PTS:
3
C
PTS:
2
C
PTS:
2
A
PTS:
A
PTS:
3
1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
1
1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
B
1
OBJ: 6/2
REF: 2
1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
1
DIF:
B
OBJ: 1/1
1
DIF:
2
REF: 2
1
DIF:
2
REF: 3
1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
B
1
OBJ: 2/1
REF: 1
1
1
1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
1
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
B
B
1
OBJ: 2/1
OBJ: 2/1
REF: 2
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
B
1
OBJ: 2/1
REF: 2
1
DIF:
1
REF: 3
1
DIF:
1
REF: 3
1
1
DIF:
DIF:
B
1
OBJ: 3/1
REF: 1
2
ID: B
45. ANS:
OBJ:
46. ANS:
OBJ:
47. ANS:
OBJ:
48. ANS:
OBJ:
49. ANS:
C
2
B
1
A
2
D
2
C
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 2
PTS: 1
DIF:
2
REF: 1
PTS: 1
DIF:
1
REF: 3
PTS: 1
3