Advances in Genetics
Selective Breeding
When humans choose which organisms will be the parents
for the next generation so that offspring will have a desired
trait.
Two types:
Inbreeding and Hybridization
INBREEDING
A selective breeding method in which two individuals with
identical or similar sets of alleles are crossed to produce offspring
that are very similar to the parents.
HYBRIDIZATION
A selective breeding method in which two genetically different
individuals are crossed to produce offspring that have some traits from
both parents.
INBREEDING
Breeding two white tigers that are
closely related to each other to
be sure to pass along the trait of
white fur to the offspring.
HYBRIDIZATION
Breeding a Poodle and a Labrador to
make offspring with traits of both
parents
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HYBRIDIZATION
GENETIC ENGINEERING
The transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another
organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits.
Betasweet Carrots: Carrots were
cross-pollinated (like Mendel)
to produce carrots with more
sugar and nutrients.
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Adding a gene from arctic
flounder to produce tomatoes
that are frost proof.
GENE THERAPY
GENE THERAPY
The insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with
a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder.
GENE THERAPY
Inserting working copies of a gene
to produce infection fighters
into a sick boy’s cells.
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CLONING
Creating an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from
which it was produced.
CLONING
CLONING
Dolly was the first mammal to be
cloned. She is an exact copy of
another sheep.
DNA FINGERPRINTING
Identifying an individual based on patterns found in his or her DNA.
Scientists want to use cloning to
bring back extinct animals.
DNA FINGERPRINTING
DNA fingerprint from blood
samples at crime scene. First
lane is victim’s DNA. Second
lane is another blood sample
found at the crime scene. Lanes
labeled 1-3 are DNA samples
from suspects that may have
committed the crime.
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