Mental Maths Expectations – Primary 5
P5
Quick Recall
Children should be able to quickly
recall:
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Multiplication facts for 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 times tables
Division facts corresponding
to tables of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9 and 10
Mental Calculations
Children should be able to calculate mentally:
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Add any two 2-digit numbers e.g. 47+79
Calculate what must be added to a 2-digit
number to make 100 e.g. 47+?=100
Calculate what must be added to a 3-digit
number to make the next multiple of 100 e.g.
752+?=800
Add and subtract multiples of 10, 100 and
1000 to/from 2, 3 and 4-digit numbers
including bridging the 100 and 1000
e.g. 56+40 119+700 4652-400
Know the number before a multiple of 1000
e.g. 2999 is the number before 3000
Add/Subtract a single digit to/from any 3digit number e.g. 468+7, 873-8
Subtract any 4-digit number from any 4digit number when the difference is small
e.g. 6002- 5991, 3641-3628
Double any whole number from 1 to 50 and
find the corresponding halves
e.g. Double 47 = 94 so half of 94 = 47
Mental Strategies
Children should be able to develop and use
appropriate strategies for mental calculations for
example
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Count forwards and backwards in 1s, 10s and
100s
Count in multiples of 10, 100 and 1000
Find a small difference by counting on
e.g. 5003-4996
Identify near doubles using known doubles
Add or subtract 99, 199, 299.... or 101, 201
...to/from a given number with a total within
9999 by adding or subtracting the nearest
multiple of 100 and adjusting by 1
e.g. 476+299 or 783-301
Calculate using the relationship between
addition and subtraction
Use known number facts and place value to add
and subtract 2, 3 and 4 digit numbers
Use doubling and halving starting from known
facts
Double/halve 2-digit numbers by
doubling/halving tens first
e.g. Double 73 = Double 70 + Double 3
Mental Maths Expectations – Primary 5
P5
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Approximation and
Estimation
Round to the nearest 10,
numbers between 1 and 1000
Round to the nearest 100,
numbers between 1 and 1000
e.g. 162 to the nearest 10 is 160
162 to the nearest 100 is
200
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Use approximation to
estimation addition and
subtraction answers before
carrying out written
calculations
Mental Calculations
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Divide a multiple of 100 by 10 e.g. 700÷10
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Multiply any 2-digit multiple of 10 by a single
digit
e.g. 90x6 70x8
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Divide a 2-digit number by a single digit
within the boundaries of table facts
e.g. 56÷7, 67÷8
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Calculate simple fractions of a 2-digit
number
1
1
e.g. 6 of 48 5 of 35 ¼ of 36
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Estimate in money
calculations
e.g. Two item @ £1.99 is
approximately £4.00
Double any multiple of 5 to 100 e.g. 85x2
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e.g. 61 – 32 is nearly 60 – 30
Mental Strategies
Add and subtract simple fractions with same
1
3
7
3
denominator e.g. 5 + 5
8 – 8
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Use doubling and halving starting from known
facts
- Double/halve 2-digit numbers by
doubling/halving tens first
- to multiply by 4 double then double again
- to multiply by 5 multiply by 10 then halve
- to multiply by 20 multiply by 10 then double
- to multiply by 8 multiply by 4 and double
- to multiply by 7 multiply by 5 and add doubles
- to multiply by 9 multiply by 10 and subtract
the original number
- find quarters by halving halves
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Develop 6x table from x4 and x2 tables
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Use partitioning e.g. 36x4 = (30x4) + (6x4)
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Calculate the cost of simple shopping bills up
to £20
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Use the relationship between multiplication and
division to calculate mentally
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Calculate change from £20
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Use known number facts and place value to
multiply and divide whole numbers including by
10 and 100
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Count on to give change
Mental Maths Expectations – Primary 5
Understanding the Number System
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Read, write and order numbers to 10000 and know the value of each digit
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Relate fractions to division
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Solve mathematical problems and puzzles and verbalise strategies. Explain patterns
and relationships and predict
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Use all four operations to solve word problems including numbers and quantities in
real life contexts, including time and measures, explaining methods and reasoning (in
writing where appropriate)
Written Recording and Calculation Strategies
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Develop strategy of approximating before any
calculation
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Use pencil and paper to extend written
methods of vertical addition and subtraction of
ThHTU with decomposition within 9999
including money.
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ThHTU multiplied by a single digit with
products within 9999
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ThHTU divided by a single digit (without and
with a remainder)
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Choose appropriate ways of calculating –
mental, mental with jottings, pencil and paper to solve problems