Buckle Down South Carolina
PASS 4 Mathematics
Number and Operation
Lesson 1: Whole Numbers
Lesson 2: Decimals
Lesson 3: Fractions
Unit 2
Algebra
Lesson 4: Patterns and Change
Lesson 5: Expressions and Equations
Unit 3
Geometry
Lesson 6: Geometric Figures
Lesson 7: Geometric Concepts
Unit 4
Measurement
Lesson 8: Length, Weight, and Liquid Volume
Lesson 9: Time and Temperature
Lesson 10: Geometric Measurement
Unit 5
Data Analysis and Probability
Lesson 11: Data Collection and Analysis
Lesson 12: Probability
PASS
4
Mathematics
4 MATHEMATICS
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ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS • MATHEMATICS
South Carolina
South Carolina PASS
A thermometer is a tool that is used
to measure temperature. It can tell
you how hot it is outside. You can
measure temperature using degrees
Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius.
Unit 1
Student Set SC02060S2
P.O. Box 1270
Littleton, MA 01460-4270
Includes: Student Workbook, Form A
Practice Test, Form B Practice Test
PHONE: 800-776-3454
FAX: 877-365-0111
Individual Products:
www.BuckleDown.com
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Student Workbook SC02060W2
Form A Practice Test SC02060A2
Form B Practice Test SC02060B2
12/1/09 11:43:24 AM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ........................................................................................ 1
Test-Taking Tips .................................................................... 2
Unit 1 – Number and Operations ...................................................... 3
Lesson 1: Whole Numbers ..................................................... 4
Indicators: 4-2.1, 4-2.2, 4-2.3, 4-2.4, 4-2.5
Lesson 2: Decimals .............................................................. 24
Indicators: 4-2.6, 4-2.7, 4-2.11, 4-2.12
Lesson 3: Fractions .............................................................. 37
Indicators: 4-2.8, 4-2.9, 4-2.10, 4-2.11
Unit 2 – Algebra ............................................................................... 51
Lesson 4: Patterns and Change .......................................... 52
Indicators: 4-3.1, 4-3.2, 4-3.3, 4-3.6
Lesson 5: Expressions and Equations ................................. 63
Indicators: 4-3.4, 4-3.5
Unit 3 – Geometry ............................................................................ 73
Lesson 6: Geometric Figures ............................................... 74
Indicators: 4-4.1, 4-4.2, 4-4.4, 4-4.6
Lesson 7: Geometric Concepts ............................................ 85
Indicators: 4-4.3, 4-4.5, 4-4.7, 4-4.8
Unit 4 – Measurement ...................................................................... 97
Lesson 8: Length, Weight, and Liquid Volume .................... 98
Indicators: 4-5.1, 4-5.3, 4-5.8, 4-5.9
Lesson 9: Time and Temperature ...................................... 114
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
Indicators: 4-5.3, 4-5.6, 4-5.7, 4-5.8
Lesson 10: Geometric Measurement ................................. 122
Indicators: 4-5.2, 4-5.4, 4-5.5
Unit 5 – Data Analysis and Probability ....................................... 131
Lesson 11: Data Collection and Analysis ........................... 132
Indicators: 4-6.1, 4-6.2, 4-6.3, 4-6.4, 4-6.5
Lesson 12: Probability ........................................................ 147
Indicators: 4-6.6, 4-6.7
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Unit 1 – Number and Operations
Indicators: 4-2.1
Lesson 1: Whole Numbers
A whole number is a number that shows ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten
thousands, hundred thousands, millions, and so on. You can write a whole number
using digits, words, or drawings. In this lesson, you will learn about place value and
multiplication and division of whole numbers.
Digits and Words
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are the digits used to write whole numbers.
The number 1,247 has four digits:
1
2
4
7
The number 1,247 is written in standard form.
In word form, the number 1,247 is written one thousand, two hundred forty-seven.
Drawings
Blocks are often used to represent numbers in drawings.
Thousands
1
Hundreds
2
Tens
4
Ones
7
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
This drawing represents the number 1,247.
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Lesson 1: Whole Numbers
Indicators: 4-2.1
Place Value
Place-value tables show the values of the digits of a number. Each group of 3 digits
is a period.
Example
This place-value table shows the values of the digits of 308,041.
Thousands Period
Hundred
Ten
Thousands Thousands
3
Units Period
Thousands
Hundreds
8
0
0
Tens Ones
4
1
Notice that there are no ten thousands or hundreds. This is why a 0 (zero) is
written in each of those places. Zeros are not shown in expanded form or
written in word form.
308,041 300,000 8,000 40 1
308,041 three hundred eight thousand, forty-one
“ “
hundreds
ten thousands
Commas separate periods so that you can easily read large numbers. Start at the far
right of the number. Work your way left. Place a comma to the left of every 3rd digit.
9 2 3,1 8 4 { start
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
2
1
3
2
1
Moving to the left from one digit to the next increases the value of the number by
multiples of ten. Moving to the right from one digit to the next decreases the value of
the number by multiples of ten.
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Unit 1 – Number and Operations
Indicators: 4-2.1
Expanded Form
Expanded form is a way to write a number that shows the value of each digit of
a number.
Example
Billions
Hundred
Millions
Ten
Millions
Millions
Hundred
Thousands
Ten
Thousands
Thousands
Hundreds
Tens
Ones
This place-value table shows the values of the digits of 5,003,891,247.
5
0
0
3
8
9
1
2
4
7
Here is 5,003,891,247 written in expanded form.
5,000,000,000 3,000,000 800,000 90,000 1,000 200 40 7 5,003,891,247
The value of the digit 5 is 5,000,000,000 because 5 is in the billions place. The
value of the digit 3 is 3,000,000 because it is in the millions place. The value
of the digit 1 is 1,000 because it is in the thousands place.
In word form, the number 5,003,891,247 is written five billion, three million,
eight hundred ninety-one thousand, two hundred forty-seven.
Practice
54,736
498,039
1,458,973
Hundred
Ten
Millions Thousands Thousands Thousands
Hundreds
Tens Ones
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
1. Write the digits of the following numbers in the correct places in the table.
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Lesson 1: Whole Numbers
Indicators: 4-2.1
Directions: For Numbers 2 through 4, write the numbers in expanded form and
word form.
2. 2,168
expanded form
word form
3. 54,736
expanded form
word form
4. 498,039
expanded form
word form
5. What is the value of the 5 in the number 1,020,458,973? _______________
6. What is the value of the 9 in the number 9,730,482? _______________
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
7. What is the value of the 2 in the number 2,104,387,500? _______________
8. In the number 1,934,628, what digit is in the hundred thousands place?
_______________
9. In the number 5,390,827, what digits are in the thousands period? _______________
10. In the number 618,793, what digits are in the units period? _______________
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Unit 1 – Number and Operations
Indicators: 4-2.3
Multiplying Whole Numbers
The answer to a multiplication problem is a product. The numbers you multiply are
factors. Here is one way to write a multiplication fact:
3 4 12
“
“
factors
“
product
Using Pictures
You can use pictures to multiply by showing objects in groups. Place objects into
equal groups.
Example
How many gorillas are there? Write a multiplication sentence for the number
of gorillas.
4
8
The gorillas are separated into 3 equal groups. Each group has 4 gorillas.
There are 12 gorillas in all.
The multiplication sentence for the number of gorillas can be written as the
number of groups times the number of gorillas in each group: 3 4 12.
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
12
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Lesson 1: Whole Numbers
Indicators: 4-2.3
Practice
Directions: For Numbers 1 through 3, write a multiplication sentence to find the total
number of objects.
1.
________________________________
2.
________________________________
3.
Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law.
________________________________
4. Separate the stars into equal groups any way that you want by circling each group.
Then write a multiplication sentence to find the total number of stars.
________________________________
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