The Rainbow Bird Volume 5 Number 2 May 2016 (Issue 86) YOUR RAINBOW BIRD PRINTED COPY For many years the Rainbow Bird newsletter has been produced four times a year, usually in February, May, August and November. We are now up to issue 86. Prior to February 2008 the printed newsletter was produced in black and white with no photographs. It was duplicated for our club at no cost by MADEC. As technology advanced we moved into producing an extended newsletter with colour photographs. With the amalgamation of BOCA and Birds Australia into BirdLife Australia there was a requirement to produce our newsletter in a format consistent with all other branches. BirdLife Australia produced the templates that we now follow. It is a colourful format which is expensive to reproduce. Until 2013 our newsletter was printed at no charge in full colour by MADEC. In 2013 MADEC informed us they could no longer print our news letter for free. To continue to produce our newsletter our club purchased a colour printer so we could do our own printing. The cost of producing the newsletter has increased as the length of the newsletter and the number of colour photographs has increased. Members have indicated that they enjoy the increased use of colour photographs. Contents 1. Your Rainbow Bird Printed Copy At the moment we need to replace the toners in the printer at least twice per year. This is a cost in excess of $800. Add to that the cost of paper ($20 p.a.) and postage ($80 p.a.) 2. Thegoa Lagoon Outing 3. Barmera, Lake Bonney, Kingston Outing 4. Allan Taylor's Older Photos I would like the club to consider producing an electronic (email) copy only. I know the committee will be considering this at their next meeting, but this newsletter will be produced before their opinion is known. 5. A Surprise Outing 6. A Trip to New Zealand 7. What Bird is This? We have several members who do not have an email account so how do we cater for them? 8. Birds at Puddles For those with access to a computer we could use a USB stick that they could view and copy the newsletter and then return the USB at a meeting ready for the next issue. 9. That Elusive Bird 10. Kestrels Those without email or access to a computer may be able to give us an email address of a friend or colleague who is prepared to download/print a copy for them. If none of these work a copy is always available on the BirdLife Australia website (Mildura page) which can be viewed for free at any library. Len Jeffers 11. Birding in the Summer 12. Emus 13. Interesting Sightings 14. Club Calendar BirdLife Mildura The Rainbow Bird P. O. Box 1722, Mildura, VIC 3502 Editor: Rae Jeffers, [email protected] The Rainbow Bird THEGOA LAGOON OUTING – FEBRUARY 7TH, 2016 A small number of members gathered at the Bike Hub at 8.00 am in the warm, clear sunshine, to travel to Lock 10 to meet up with Leader Col Stewart. The numbers swelled at the lock to 17, more than the number of inactive pelicans perching on the railings of the lock. Apart from the idle pelicans there were several cormorants, also inactive, numerous Tree Martins flitting everywhere, a single Darter and a Pacific Black Duck - not much bird life on the river really. we could see a wooden stick structure out in the water. Col informed us that it was a "fish hotel" which provides a refuge for fish. There are at least four of them in the lagoon at various positions. Col led the convoy to Thegoa Lagoon. The lagoon had received environmental water some time ago but at this point it had dried out considerably. However at the first bird hide Col led us to there was plenty of water and a good number of water birds. Young Yellowbilled Spoonbill perched in the dead trees opposite. Australasian Grebe, Eurasian Coot, and Pacific Black Duck were on the water. Two Hoary-headed Grebe and a Hardhead were added to the list. Closer examination of the ducks on the water revealed two Pink-eared Duck, a first sighting for Luka, and several Little Pied Cormorant. Three Black-fronted Dotterels flew noisily over our heads and two Black-winged Stilt fed along the water's edge. In the surrounding black box and red gum were Red-rumped Parrots, Brown Tree-creeper, Crimson (Yellow) Rosella and White-plumed Honeyeaters to name a few. Also at this hide As the convoy moved on we passed the second hide but the water had receded from that area so Col selected an area near a vine block to have morning tea. As everyone was settling in the shade 13 Darters could be seen circling overhead making use of a thermal to gain height. The bush was alive with birds at this point. Over 20 Little Friarbirds were seen plus 5 Black-faced Cuckoo-shrikes, Red Wattlebirds, Blue-faced Honeyeaters, Noisy Miners, Striped Honeyeaters and Australian Ringnecks. Most of the birds kept flying back and forth from the black box trees to the vines laden with grapes. The Little Friarbirds appeared to be eating the grapes, however the Black-faced Cuckoo-shrikes flew just above the vines hawking insects. On one occasion a Little Friarbird was seen bashing a caterpillar on a branch. The remainder of the lagoon was dry as we slowly followed it around to return to the lock. We passed several large patches of Darling lilies in full bloom - a wonderful sight. As the day was forecast to reach 40°C most called it a day when we returned to the lock and thanked Col for leading the outing so capably. Rae Jeffers Sightings: 47 Species Australian Wood Duck Pink-eared Duck Pacific Black Duck Hardhead Australasian Grebe Hoary-headed Grebe Rock Dove Crested Pigeon Australasian Darter Little Pied Cormorant Great Cormorant Little Black Cormorant 2 The Rainbow Bird Australian Pelican Australian White Ibis Yellow-billed Spoonbill Whistling Kite Nankeen Kestrel Eurasian Coot Masked Lapwing Silver Gull Galah Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Rainbow Lorikeet Crimson Rosella Australian Ringneck Welcome Swallow Tree Martin Blue Bonnet Red-rumped Parrot Laughing Kookaburra Rainbow Bee-eater Brown Treecreeper Weebill Striated Pardalote Singing Honeyeater White-plumed Honeyeater Noisy Miner Yellow-throated Miner Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater Blue-faced Honeyeater Grey Shrike-thrush Grey Butcherbird Pied Butcherbird Australian Magpie Willie Wagtail Australian Raven Magpie-lark The Rainbow Bird BARMERA, LAKE BONNEY, KINGSTON OUTING – APRIL 8TH TO 10TH, 2016 Banrock Station Section: Those of us staying at Lake Bonney Discovery Park met at 8.30 am for the 15 minute drive to Banrock Winery. We spent some time waiting in the car park to confirm our numbers. The Woods, based at Kingston, joined us as did Ian & Brian from SA Field Naturalists who acted as guides with local knowledge. Peter and Rhonda Barrand from Heywood, friends with club members, also joined us and contributed their birding knowledge. We proceeded through the Banrock Visitor Centre to begin the Mallee to Valley trail, through dry lightly wooded country and along a creek gully; bird sightings were sparse initially. This then led on to the Boardwalk at the north end of the wetland. There was a good level of water as a result of an environmental filling. "…a wetland complex …which has been recognised of international importance …under the Ramsar Convention …"; "…subject to an ongoing environmental restoration program by a commercial organisation which manages the wetlands and promotes ecologically sustainable land use practices …"; "…In 2002 ..received the Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award in recognition of its conservation efforts …"; "In 1992 a program began to restore the natural hydrological regime of alternate wetting and drying cycles that the wetlands had before locks and weirs were installed …"; "…it supports several regionally threatened animals, including the southern bell frog, Regent Parrot and river snail …provides habitat seasonally …offers a route for fish migrating around Lock 3 on the Murray …provides spawning and nursery habitats …"; (from Wikipedia). There were common waterbirds such as Black Swans, Eurasian Coots, Dusky Moorhens, Pacific Black Ducks, Little Pied Cormorants and some smaller scrub birds. We went along the boardwalk to the Shelduck Hide and spent some time there viewing and photographing. We retraced our steps and went around to the Black Swan Hide on the west side of the wetlands. There was a distant sighting of a Musk Duck and various other ducks. Overall our sightings increased with the many "eyes" and experience of our group and in total 39 species were sighted (see list). We returned to the Visitor Centre for a light lunch and socialisation (some indulged in a glass of the local product). The weather conditions were pleasant being sunny and mild. Sightings, while not out of the ordinary were sufficient to be interesting. The walk took 2 ½ hours and we covered about 5 km. "…the first internationally important wetland to be designated in SA that is entirely located on private land ….It is now one of only 20 sites in the lower River Murray that has been returned to a near-natural water cycle …"; "..floodplain wetlands …dominated by lignum & sedge with expanses of open water. Adjoining …open mallee box woodland community …provides habitat for a breeding population of the vulnerable regent parrot. Approximately 159 bird species …have been observed at the site. During dry periods the swamp acts as a drought refuge." (Aust Gov Department of Environment website) Some background information on Banrock (from various web sources): "What are Ramsar wetlands? ….a wide variety of natural & human-made habitat types ….wetlands include swamps, marshes, billabongs, lakes, salt marshes, mudflats, mangroves, coral reefs, fens, peat bogs, or bodies of water – natural or artificial, permanent or temporary. …static or flowing, fresh, brackish or saline …" (Aust Gov Department of Environment website) Alasdair Campbell Sightings: 39 Species Black Swan 6 Pacific Black Duck 3 Grey Teal 15 Chestnut Teal 4 Musk Duck 1 Australasian Grebe 4 Hoary-headed Grebe 4 Little Black Cormorant 5 Little Pied Cormorant 1 Great Egret 2 Noisy Miner 5 Yellow-throated Miner 4 White-plumed Honeyeater 5 Striped Honeyeater 1 Little Friarbird 2 Striated Pardalote 2 Weebill 3 Grey Butcherbird 3 Pied Butcherbird 1 Australian Magpie 1 White-faced Heron 2 Australian White Ibis 4 Whistling Kite 1 Australasian Swamphen 2 Dusky Moorhen 2 Eurasian Coot 20 Crested Pigeon 2 Little Corella 2 Crimson Rosella (Yellow) 8 Mulga Parrot 2 Willie Wagtail 1 Grey Fantail 1 Magpie-lark 2 Restless Flycatcher 1 Australian Raven 1 White-winged Chough 5 Welcome Swallow 6 Australian Reed-Warbler 1 Little Grassbird 1 May 2016 3 The Rainbow Bird Hart Lagoon Section: An attractive area for bird watchers this one! Where is it? Close to the riverfront near Waikerie, and adjacent to the Waikerie Caravan Park. We had been alerted to the fact that the lagoon had seen environmental flows recently, by Chris Lill from the Riverland Field Naturalists Inc, who had visited the area with her group. Hart Lagoon has a managed wetting and drying cycle as part of the ecological function of the wetland, and many water birds were taking advantage of the wetting cycle during our visit. I found the Australasian Shoveler's behaviour intriguing. Dabbling, with head underwater, orange legs and powerful feet scrabbling in the air, without completely submerging, and more active than I had ever seen them. And more of them! We have generally only counted the odd pair among other ducks on our outings and surveys and they were far less active. Those serious bills with their lamellae hair like structures on the inside, described as acting like a whale’s baleen, lets them filter the water from the side of their bill, and keep the food inside. The wetting/drying cycle helps the preferred menu of small invertebrates, some plants, and insects in the fertile mud. These ducks occur in the South East and South West of Australia, and Tasmania as well as New Zealand. This year they are a protected species during the duck shooting season in Australia. A protection which may have operated in the past, was a common name in usage by our colonial forefathers, "Stinker", a reference to their culinary characteristics. Sightings: 21 Species Australian Wood Duck 25 Australasian Shoveler 15 Pink-eared Duck 120 Australian White Ibis 6 Straw-necked Ibis 5 Brown Goshawk 1 Australasian Swamphen 4 Eurasian Coot 40 Black-winged Stilt 60 Red-necked Avocet 240 Black-fronted Dotterel 4 Silver Gull 4 Latham named them the "New Holland Shoveller" in 1801. They were renamed the "Australasian Shoveller", but lost an "L" in 1926. No one seems to know why. The newly split Black-winged Stilt species was in good numbers. Peter and Rhonda Barrand, (described as Travelling Twitchers on their business card), who were accompanying us, alerted us to the division. The Blackwinged Stilt which occurs in Australia, will now be known as the White-headed Stilt. The Asian version will be known as the Black-winged Stilt. Anything in between will be damned hard for even really experienced bird watchers to ID they told me! The other quite large groups, (colonies, rafts, or as a certain gentleman in the club calls them "bloody great mobs"?), consisted of Pink-eared Duck and Red-necked Avocet, who were also feeding enthusiastically. Hart Lagoon has provided a great feeding ground for water birds for the last 10 years, with their managed wetting and drying cycle. Project officer Emily Hoffmann from South Australian Murray-Darling Basin Natural Resources Management Board, wrote that the cycle, "aerates the soil, encourages the germination of emergent and dry wetlands bed vegetation and consolidates wetland bed sediments". She also said that, "Drying a wetland may also be used as a Carp management strategy, as many large Carp can be trapped in the wetlands at this time". They are a species there is no joy in seeing! Evelyn Williams Caspian Tern 1 Galah 2 Crimson Rosella (Yellow) 6 Red Wattlebird 1 White-breasted Woodswallow 1 Pied Butcherbird 2 Australian Magpie 1 Little Grassbird 1 Common Starling 40 Dinner on the River While most of us on the Riverland weekend took accommodation at the Barmera Caravan Park, Doug, Betty and Chris Woods had previously stayed in accommodation at Kingston-on-Murray. We were pleased they hired it again, as they generously hosted us Saturday evening. Sightings at dinner: Australasian Darter 2 Australian Pelican 5 Peregrine Falcon 1 Regent Parrot 4 4 The Rainbow Bird The Rainbow Bird Loch Luna Cruises, Kingston-on-Murray Our small group from Mildura departed for a cruise from Kingston-on-Murray along the Murray to Lock Luna, a game reserve, aboard the little flat-bottomed M.V. Lock Luna, in glorious sunshine with Carl, an avid "birdo" as captain. The short section on the Murray had big groups, up to 250, of Little Black Cormorants and up to 100 Great Cormorants flying overhead frequently from their feeding grounds at Lake Bonney. As Lock 3 came into view dead trees, created 85 years ago by the establishnent of the lock, made side wetlands where pelicans, Darters, cormorants and swans took refuge. Island which has 4 species of snake including the Murray Darling python. Here we encountered Sulphur-crested Cockatoos with a few Little Corellas just before we navigated a narrow channel between dead trees which were festooned like Christmas bells with Little Black Cormorants. Following narrow waterways covered with red, yellow and green water weeds and fringed with reeds we crossed into Chambers Creek which would take you to Lake Bonney, if you had had another 3 hours or more! This area is a game reserve and gun shots were heard as duck hunting season was still on. In a group of willows Carl speeded up his boat to grant Rae her wish to see a Nankeen Night Heron. Going close he flushed out approximately 8 of them. This, probably, accounts for the lack of seeing the hundreds of ducks, coots, swamphens, grebes, and cormorants that we saw a year ago in this delightful area. Never-the-less it was a great 3 hour cruise with a good 45 species seen. Photos: Chris Woods & Alasdair Campbell At this point Carl turned up into Nockburra Creek which is 6 km long. This created a crescent shaped island called Snake Sightings: 45 Species Black Swan 30 Australian Shelduck 2 Australian Wood Duck 8 Pacific Black Duck 5 Grey Teal 10 Australasian Grebe 4 Little Black Cormorant 600 Great Cormorant 110 Pied Cormorant 25 Australasian Darter 20 Australian Pelican 30 White-necked Heron 2 Great Egret 1 Nankeen Night-Heron 8 Australian White Ibis 6 Yellow-billed Spoonbill 1 Whistling Kite 8 Australasian Swamphen 1 Eurasian Coot 45 Silver Gull 3 Caspian Tern 1 Rock Dove 2 Galah 2 Little Corella 50 Sulphur-crested Cockatoo 20 Regent Parrot 4 Crimson Rosella (Yellow) 6 Red-rumped Parrot 4 Brown Treecreeper 5 Superb Fairy-wren 1 Noisy Miner 3 Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater 1 Red Wattlebird 1 White-plumed Honeyeater 12 Dusky Woodswallow 2 Grey Butcherbird 3 Betty Woods Pied Butcherbird 1 Black-faced Cuckooshrike 1 Willie Wagtail 1 Magpie-lark 2 Little Crow 30 Australian Raven 4 Welcome Swallow 20 Tree Martin 50 Common Starling 6 May 2016 5 The Rainbow Bird ALLAN TAYLOR'S OLDER PHOTOS I haven’t anything to report by way of details of trips away, outings or special places in the district so I have resorted to looking back at some of my old photos for inspiration. I have chosen a few that are a little different to the ordinary. I focussed, firstly on the front bird and then on the second bird – getting, I think, two very unique shots. Unfortunately I didn’t manage to get the two birds in sharp focus in the same shot. Photo number one is an old photo taken with a film camera. On an impulse, I called in on the Kelso block on the way home from work. Number three was taken at Mourquong Swamps. It was a very hot afternoon and quite late in the year and I didn’t expect to see anything. As luck had it, I heard a young bird calling and ended up with the photo of a poor little Chestnut-rumped Thornbill feeding the Horsfield’s Bronze Cuckoo. The hot, glary day caused dark shadows in the picture but the picture, still, was quite acceptable. Photo number two was the result of birdwatching at the eastern swamp on Little Cowra Road. I had sighted the Marsh Sandpiper some distance away on the shore of the main swamp. It was joined, for a very short while, by the Wood Sandpiper. I managed to get a couple of shots in before the Wood Sandpiper flew past me to the swamp that is nearest the entrance gate. The interesting thing about this photo is that Wood Sandpipers are a freshwater species and this one must have dropped in at the swamps to investigate them. I didn’t see it, or any other Wood sandpiper for that matter, again at the swamps. The Mourquong Swamps, apparently, are too salty for them. Number four was taken seven or eight years ago on Meridian Road. I took a chair to the side of the drain which leads out of the swamp and after sitting for a short while, watched as a Spotted Crake walked from the reeds to the mud at the side of the drain. I saw it jump at the shutter click as I shot the first photo but from then on it ignored me. It wasn’t long after that that the Spotless Crake sidled out from the reeds. I took a couple of shots as the Spotted Crake walked in front of the Spotless Crake. 6 The Rainbow Bird I remember that it was a few days after Christmas and very, very hot. In fact, I saw a Willie Wagtail go down a rabbit burrow to escape the heat. Despite this, the Black-faced Woodswallows cuddled up to each other and the photo is the result. The Rainbow Bird The photo of the Sacred Kingfisher was the result of a little patience. The Mulga Parrot family was taken on a trip up to Wamberra with Pauline Follett and Jayna Podgorski. At the time I didn’t have a digital camera so every shot counted due to the limited number of photos on a roll of film. I wasn’t quick enough to capture the Kingfisher entering the nesting hole but took this photo as soon as I saw movement when it came out of the hole. The shot was, in truth, a fluke. They had had a long stint on the ground feeding. It was getting slightly dark when all the family flew up to the branch and posed for me. The photo was very dark and, I thought, too dark for any reasonable photo but I managed to lighten the image and got an acceptable result. The Restless Flycatcher photo was taken on Danson Road in the mallee before you go through the gate into Linklaters’. The photos of the Little Button Quail and the White Browed Treecreeper were taken on film. I had spotted the nest so I came back the following day with a step ladder in order to get a view closer to the eye level of the bird. The patch of mallee is no longer as productive for birds due to, I think, it being reduced slightly in size to make way for the sowing of wheat. The photo of the White Breasted Woodswallow is, I think, very unusual because of the fact that the bird was using a Magpie Larks’ nest to breed in. I feel sure that this was the case because the two adults were taking it in turns to sit in the nest. Both were the result of a lot of walking – much more than I would care to do now. The Quail would flush from a small section of roadside adjacent to wheat land on Meridian Road but I was never quick enough to get a good photo before it would melt into the dried grass. I used the ladder again to take the Treecreeper photos at a better level. The photo shows the nesting hole and the bird has a meal for its chicks. May 2016 7 The Rainbow Bird The photo of the two Splendid Fairy-wrens was taken when I went down to Colignan, partly to try to get my first sighting of that species. I was coming out of the Hattah Kulkyne NP on the way home when I spotted the flash of blue. I had very little film left but went back the next day with more film and was very excited to see that they were still at the same spot. In fact, they must have had a nest nearby because they were feeding a juvenile. The picture shows the pair, unfortunately, in shade. They had been leapfrogging sideways over one another. I am told that this activity is favourite of Splendid Wren pairs. I have closed with three photos of mating birds. These were the result, more, of good luck rather than good management, although you increase your chances of good luck the more you are out in the field. Allan Taylor A SURPRISE OUTING When you are invited out for a drive you don't know where you may end up. On Thursday, 24th January, Helen and Bob Walton asked me to go to Manangatang with them to see the monument the town has erected. It is made out of mallee stumps. After seeing the town over we travelled to Hattah Lakes for lunch. The main lake was up but receding. Hardly any birds were on the lake, only five Australian Pelicans. A few Galahs had nested in the gum trees as well as Sulphur-crested Cockatoos which we could tell by the feathers on the ground. After lunch we travelled on the road past the Parks headquarters to visit some of the other lakes. The best lake for birds was Lake Wolerap where we saw 39 Australian Pelicans, one Australian ringneck sleeping, 3 Rainbow Bee-eaters, one Restless Flycatcher calling and flying away from us. There were also 2 Pacific Black Ducks. Whistling Kites were calling on the edge of Lake Hattah. When we left the park to return home we saw 3 Emus and about 20 White-winged Choughs. There was also plenty of water lying around on the roadside from Robinvale to Hattah. Judith Petschel 8 The Rainbow Bird The Rainbow Bird A TRIP TO NEW ZEALAND With some birding highlights We had a 25 day trip to New Zealand which was primarily general sight-seeing but which had a few "birdlife" highlights. Our time was spent mainly in the South Island, although we flew in to Auckland and travelled by rail and ferry to Wellington then on to Christchurch, spending one or two days in each of these cities. We also did the Tranzalpine rail trip to Greymouth, before travelling by car to Aoraki (Mt Cook), Queenstown, Te Anau and the fiords of Milford and Doubtful Sounds then on to Stewart Island. From there we returned via Dunedin, visiting the Otago Peninsula, to fly out from Christchurch. We experienced a range of weather conditions, from warm sunshine in Auckland to drizzle in Wellington, quite wintry conditions at Kaikoura on the Pacific coast. Aoraki gave us blue skies and sunshine with clear views to the high alps, while at the fiords of Milford and Doubtful we had typically wet and misty conditions – good for waterfalls, with sunny breaks allowing sightings of the mountain tops in cloud and sunshine. The crossing to Stewart Island was rough, and the weather there wet and windy although, again with some breaks to allow activity. In all, a variety of conditions, not unpleasant, but noticeably cooler than the equivalent season in Australia. Kereru (NativePigeon) We didn’t have time to do a walking tour of the sanctuary, but it would be worth a further longer visit of at least half a day. A few birds had been sighted at this stage: a Skylark (singing but not sighted) in a grassy suburb of Auckland, some Variable Oystercatchers on a shoreline, a few pukeko (Purple Swamp-hens) from the train as well as several Australasian swamp harriers (with white rump). Albatross At Kaikoura I took a three hour "Albatross Encounter" in a small vessel that went 3 or 4 kilometres off-shore in rough conditions and put out a lure of fish-livers which attracted a gathering. Our official list at the end of the trip included thirteen species; I felt confident that I had seen some albatross - Royal Northern or Southern, several Salvin’s Albatross, possibly also a Wandering, many Giant Petrels (which seemed more like albatross), many Cape Petrels and there were others such as shearwaters in the mix. While we had close-up contact with many birds, it was an artificial situation with much squabbling over the food and I found it more interesting to "stand-back" and take my chances photographing the soaring of these magnificent birds in a wintry landscape. Tui Our first bird "site" we discovered by accident. We took a small shuttle bus from the top of Wellington’s Cable Car to Zealandia - a sanctuary surrounded by 8km of high predator protection fence. We looked through the impressive exhibition which gave a good summary of how European (and Maori) "colonisation" had brought specific challenges for New Zealand’s endemic species, such as the predation of rats, stoats and possums especially on the native flightless birds. Salvin’s albatross The Fiordland of Milford and Doubtful Sounds in typical wet, misty conditions gave a wilderness atmosphere, but apart from Australian fur seals and a brief sighting of a dolphin, not many birds nor much wildlife. May 2016 9 The Rainbow Bird In Doubtful Sound we were assured that we were seeing the endemic Fiordland crested penguins, based on very brief 2 second surfacing with no time to identify features, or to direct a camera lens to the right spot. Our drive to Milford Sound and parking near the Homer Tunnel brought us into close contact with a number of inquisitive Kea – endemic Alpine parrots. They Kea flew down to inspect our car, and allow close-up photography. At our Fiordland base of Te Anau we stumbled on a small sanctuary whose main exhibit, a takahe, is a seriously endangered flightless endemic bird thought at one time to be extinct but now being re-introduced to a few (mainly island) locations Kaka Parrot Stewart Island They are scarce on the main NZ islands but seem to thrive on Stewart Island. We participated in a small group tour (4 people) of the small island of Ulva, led by a knowledgeable birdwatching guide, who was able to locate interesting birds, as well as give good information of how the island had become a protected "sanctuary". We came across a weka that wandered within a metre of the group without fear (a member of the rail family). Takahe Weka Variable Oystercatcher Stewart Island provided the birding highlights. In the small township of Oban we could see on the beach endemic Variable Oystercatchers (similar to Australian Sooty Oystercatchers) as well as being visited on the hotel balcony by kaka – a forest parrot similar to kea. 10 The Rainbow Bird Stewart Island We had several very friendly South Island Robins come close to seek food in disturbed soil and make close-up photography easy. There were sightings of a NZ fantail, brown creeper, NZ bellbird, a nearby morepork (resting up) as well as the prized sighting of yellow-heads (mohua) high in the tree canopy and also of an elusive saddleback (tieke). My skills were not adequate to photograph them all. The Rainbow Bird Ulva had the feel of a secluded sanctuary where a variety of birds were safe from predators. visit had more experience. to commend it as a "conservation" These were our main bird highlights. I was also regularly aware of introduced species such as blackbirds, chaffinches and song-thrush (all quite common) and I observed several endemic tui (a honeyeater) and kereru (native wood pigeon) in populated/city areas. A pair of endemic paradise shelducks was seen in Queenstown feeding in grass oblivious to the people around. Stewart Island Robin Our final birding location was at the Royal Albatross Colony / Centre on the tip of the Otago peninsula (near Dunedin). Here northern royal albatross nest on the mainland, but not in large numbers. The viewing of their nesting area is carefully controlled. There were many visitors to the centre and you could take a short tour to a bird-hide. Close contact with the nesting birds was not permitted so they could only be viewed from a distance with a few solitary birds flying off the headland. It was close to a large colony of nesting red-billed (silver) gulls and to a colony of (endemic) Stewart Island shags. While not as immediate an experience as the Albatross Encounter at Kaikoura, the RAC New Zealand gives the impression of a "clean and green" country with considerable wilderness areas. While that may be substantially true, I became aware of the many challenges it faces to retain its endemic birdlife, especially the flightless birds. It has a history, possibly worse than Australia’s, where introduced species have created unforeseen problems. It is making use of habitats where they are safe from predators such as in protected sanctuaries or on off-shore islands. I learned of some of the birding locations from an on-line booklet (in Australian Birdlife) Birding New Zealand on www.birdingnz.co.nz The small handbook by Geoff Moon, Birds of New Zealand, gave guidance for the majority of birds we saw, although prior to the trip I borrowed The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand by Heather, Barrie (et al) from the local library and a smaller Hand Guide by the same authors also exists. New Zealand may not have the same number or as diverse a range of birds as Australia, but its endemic birds and the locations where they are found are certainly of interest. Our birding, however limited (in being mainly on "commercial" tours) added a dimension. Alasdair Campbel WHAT BIRD IS THIS? The National Birdlife magazine runs a feature whereby a photo of a mystery bird is shown and the name of its species is revealed in the following edition. The rufous strip along its outer tail feathers is diagnostic. I thought that I might do the same, although I am sure that our editor will not prolong the agony of deducing its identification and will reveal the details elsewhere in this edition of our newsletter. (p17, same page as club calendar) The photo was taken, perhaps, three years ago at Mourquong swamps. I would not have expected to see this species around a swamp, although they can be found in most types of woodland, usually adjacent to a patch of open country over which it can gaze in search of its food caterpillars. It migrates to this district, usually around June, but will only stay if food conditions are suitable. In this photo, part of its beak is obscured but it is slightly down-curved. It might help you in identifying it to know that the bird in the picture is immature. It will, soon develop barred markings across its breast and its wings will have a slight iridescent green sheen. Its call will become a descending high pitched whistle. Occasionally it uses a contact call that is a little reminiscent of the chirruping of a house sparrow. Allan Taylor It is raised, not by its natural parents, but by foster-parents such as thornbills and wrens. May 2016 11 The Rainbow Bird BIRDS AT PUDDLES Around a week ago, towards the end of January, I went down to the Sunset NP with a view to photographing birds drinking at rain puddles on a track. There had been a heavy rain a few days earlier and I waited three days until, I guessed, my 2 wheel drive vehicle wouldn’t get bogged and then went down Meridian Road to the Murray Sunset NP. All the tracks were practically dry until I got part-way down Midnight Tank Track. At that spot, water was still lying for perhaps 30 metres of clay pan. Spiny-Cheeked, Striped, Yellow-Plumed, Brown-Headed, White-Eared and White-Fronted plus Yellow-throated Miners. It amazes me where these species come from as, travelling along the tracks, I usually only see the occasional YellowPlumed and Spiny-Cheeked Honeyeaters. I don’t know how they locate the isolated puddles of water or what they do for moisture when the puddles dry up. Moisture would have to be obtained from nectar and insects after that time. Of recent years I have worked more on the theory of having birds come to me, rather than me walking rather aimlessly around the scrub. The way to do this is to park the car near a water source, food source or nest site. Warm days make parking near water most productive. This particular day’s temperature got to around 37 degrees. I parked my car mid-way between the ends of the stretch of water and waited. The Yellow-plumed Honeyeaters that were gracing the area with their presence began to sidle down from higher branches to the lower ones and then eventually make some swoops towards the water. I fancied that I was a bit close to the end of the paddle where the activity was taking place so I moved a couple of metres towards the other end. This appeared to do the trick and the more adventurous birds went down to drink. It was interesting that some species in the area at that time didn’t go in to drink. The most notable were Striated Pardalotes and Brown Treecreepers. I think that there were Whistlers and Crested Bellbirds in the general area but they, also, didn’t come in to drink. These species are insect eaters and I wonder whether that has a bearing on their need for water. I have noticed that the more timid birds and bird species hold back until a braver bird goes down to drink. In this regard it is always good to have a bird like a Willie Wagtail at the water to lead the way. I have, in recent years, made use of a drain near the river at Dareton to get photos of birds drinking. The drainage water comes from a pipeline that goes under the vineyards higher up the slope. After irrigations and heavy rains water comes out a pipe that feeds into the drain. Birds love this water, even though the river is less than 50 metres away. Honeyeaters, Silvereyes, Rufous and Gilbert’s Whistlers, Peaceful Doves, Zebra Finches, choughs, Willie Wagtails, wrens and thornbills frequent that spot. The finches and doves, which are seed eaters, drink the water but, I fancy, the insect eaters are more interested in either bathing or feeding on the insects that gather around the water and surrounding weeds. On this outing I got photographs of 7 honeyeater species: 12 The Rainbow Bird Allan Taylor The Rainbow Bird THAT ELUSIVE BIRD It seems that most bird enthusiasts have difficulty in getting a first sighting of a species of which many other birdos have little difficulty in spotting. My nemesis, for many years, was the Striated Grasswren. about it but the country was under the prolonged drought of several years back so I had never been all that optimistic about seeing much. I think that Bob said we had driven 180 kms, starting at Berri that day. They are, supposedly, easy to spot on the Nowingi Track where the Mallee Emu-wrens are most commonly sighted. Some eight years’ago I had seen the emu-wrens quite a few times at that location but hadn’t seen the grasswren so I tried other areas. I remember, once, Michael Mack had reported that he saw one on Rocket Lake Track so I went there but didn’t see a grasswren. Having still not seen a grasswren, I asked a member of the visiting Riverland Field Nats whether he knew of a location of Striated Grasswrens. Yes, around the area adjacent to the entrance to the Cooltong Conservation Area between Renmark and Berri. I went there and it certainly appears to be good birding country but still no Striated Grasswrens. Later, one of the NSW National Park rangers said that Striated Grasswrens are "everywhere" at Tarawi Nature Reserve. Tarawi is situated adjacent to the Scotia Sanctuary. I drove to the southern entrance of the Tarawi property. Near the gate there are four posts with symbols on them which indicated that there was no camping, no dogs, no shooting and no something else – I can’t remember what. Although feeling slightly uneasy about going through the gate, because I felt that there may have been restrictions on entry, I blundered in. Prior to going up to the property I had seen on the NP website a map that showed the location of all the birds in the Reserve and the map had shown several potential locations of the grasswren. So I headed for one of those spots. To cut a long story short, I got bogged. I walked 9 kms back to what used to be the station homestead but is now the ranger’s quarters. I finally raised an indignant ranger from whatever he was doing and was told that the property is a Nature Reserve and not a National Park and that I shouldn’t have been in it. Incidentally, the map with the bird locations on it has since been pulled from the National Parks website – which makes me wonder why anyone took the trouble to pinpoint the bird locations in the first place. Bob Goodfellow used to advertise guided tours of the Mallee country north of Berri, SA., in the BOCA magazine. So Bob kindly took me on a tour of Calperum Station. We stopped numerous times at his pet Striated Grasswren sighting spots but still no grasswrens. Bob seemed a little embarrassed Striated Grasswren Photo: Allan Taylor Eventually, some three Junes ago, I saw the grasswren on Konardin Track, just after seeing a Mallee Emu-wren. They were within 25 metres of each other. It never rains but it pours! I have since seen the Striated Grasswren another four times – twice near the Konardin Track spot and twice on Pheeney’s Track. In my quest for the elusive bird I had spoken to several people who had seen it at the first visit. Once I had spoken to a member of the Horsham Birdlife group and he had seen it on the way up to Mildura when he and his wife stopped at the Hattah truck stop for a bite to eat. Allan Taylor May 2016 13 The Rainbow Bird KESTRELS For the past four years I have noticed a pair of Australian Kestrels nesting on a window ledge of the old Mildura Cooperative Fruit Co Ltd’s (Coomealla Branch) building. Feeling very clever in making this discovery, I mentioned this fact to Joan Rodoni, my neighbour. She replied that the office staff at the Co-op, of which she was one, used to watch the kestrels on their lunch breaks when she was working there in the 1960’s. So this raised a couple of issues, the first being that I wasn’t as clever as I thought I was and the second being that kestrel families can, most probably, usually go back to their favoured nesting spot for many years. On the face of it, the ledge of building that is frequented by humans seems an odd place to raise a kestrel family but after driving past the building on frosty mornings I realised the attraction. I would often see a kestrel on one of the ledges, pressed against the wall. The brick wall, because it faces north, was trapping the warmth from the sun on the sunny days that follow frosts and the bricks were radiating the heat back on the kestrel. The kestrel pair raised five chicks to fledging stage this season. Unfortunately, one of the fledglings was hit and run over by a vehicle. A week or so after fledging there appeared to be only two kestrels inhabiting the building. I guess that these were the parents. This raises the question as to where the young birds go. The field guides state that kestrels are nomadic. However, the mortality rate must be very high amongst the young birds because there was no explosion of numbers after the breeding season this last 12 months. At the time that birds fledged, two of the young birds were on the ground and seemed to be having difficulty returning to the nest. Their attempts fly up to the ledge were unsuccessful as they were trying to go straight up instead of approaching the wall at an angle. I could see that these two birds weren’t being fed by the parents and had presumed that their siblings might have forced them off the ledge. I was about to take some processed ham to them when my mother said that the salt in the meat would kill them. I, then, rang the animal rescue hotline and a recorded message advised me that fledglings are often on the ground during the breeding season. Common sense, then, prevailed and I left the birds to their own devices. The next day all the young birds were on the ledge again. Allan Taylor BIRDING IN THE SUMMER With the spell of hot weather early December 2015 Pauline Follett and I decided to try and get a few hours watching done early in the morning, starting at 6.00 am. We started in Mildura to head to Wentworth via Dareton. At that tiime the temperature was 14°C but the expected high for the day was 37°C. As we crossed the bridge Pauline saw a Peregrine Falcon at the top of a tree so we turned to go below the bridge near the river where it sat. Pauline took photos and I scanned with my binoculars. We continued under the bridge and back around to the highway to a factory where some Nankeen Kestrels had nested (see Allan Taylor's Kestrel article). Driving very quietly and carefully, and not too close, we saw one young kestrel sitting on a ledge. Pauline's camera was in action again. We didn't see the parent however. We went through Dareton to Wentworth golf course where an Australian Hobby had a nest. En route we saw Black and 14 The Rainbow Bird Whistling Kites. We parked the car in the shade of a peppercorn tree beside the Old Wentworth Gaol and walked onto the golf course. There were many Australian Wood Ducks on the course. Pauline pointed out the tree with the hobby's nest. We could see two young flapping their wings in the nest but no parents around. We settled to wait and before long the parents returned to feed their chicks. We moved on to look for the Laughing Kookaburra's hollow. We found it with one kookaburra sitting on a relatively low branch near it. No-one was playing golf as yet. We decided to go to the lock. The sprinklers were on there and we watched the birds flicking back and forth from the spray. Few water birds were there but Pauline wanted to get photos of Blue-faced Honeyeaters. The day was warming up so we proceded home via Merbein and Seventeenth Street. Susan Fisher The Rainbow Bird EMUS Late last year a group of us went to a book launch at Neds Corner. After passing Lake Cullulleraine, we began to see dozens of Emus in every paddock. Sometime later Pauline Follett, Jayna Podgorski, Sue Fisher, Finley Japp and I went to Lake Walla Walla with the idea of spotting a Latham’s Snipe that had been seen there. Barely a single Emu was seen. They had all left in the few weeks since the earlier visit. I mentioned this to a grazier friend of mine and said that it was a bit of a mystery. He answered that it wasn’t really a mystery because Emus migrate north each year. The owner of Coleraine Station, Alistair Baird, quoted one of his neighbours who, when a group of station owners organised a programme on their properties to get rid of rabbit habitat by ripping the warrens, insisted that some burrows be left untouched so that snakes and small reptiles wouldn’t lose their homes. Sheep and cattle, when they congregate at the same spot for several years, can compact clay pans so that vegetation ceases to grow. I know of a few graziers who plough furrows across those clay pans in order for the wind to deposit various seeds (they usually hope for saltbush seeds) in those furrows. Sometimes, according to the whim of nature, seeds will germinate in those furrows prior to becoming bushes and the clay pan, therefore, is eventually reclaimed. Alistair said that he had a raptors’ nest on his property that hasn’t been used for some thirty years. The raptor that he described sounded like a sea-eagle, although the nest was a little distance from the Anabranch and, in any case, it seemed an unlikely location for a sea-eagle to call home. I guess that it left as there would be nothing to keep the raptor in the area once the Anabranch had been closed off at the Menindee Lakes. He is the owner of Coleraine Station near the Bunnerungee Bridge, north of Wentworth. He said that he has a fence line that runs east/west. At a certain time each year, there are Emu tracks all along the southern side of the fence where the Emus have been trying to find a gap to pass through the fence. Later each year there are tracks on the northern side of that fence where the Emus are trying to get through to go south. Over the years I have decided that farmers are as varied in their love of nature as are people from any walk of life. There are those who farm purely to exploit the land, those who are apathetic and do little to manage or develop their properties and others who are students of the weather and the land and the creatures that live off and on that land. The attitude of graziers and farmers to Wedge-tailed Eagles seems to have changed markedly over the past 50 years. Alistair and most other graziers leave them alone because they believe that any loss of lambs due to eagle predation is tiny and usually only applies to weak lambs. Those lambs are often twins or triplets that have received inadequate nutrition from their mothers. Eagles, of course, have a beneficial effect on a property if they feed on rabbits. Allan Taylor On returning to Mildura from the Riverland on March 10th I counted appoximatly 200 emus in the area mentioned in Allan's article. They have been there for several weeks seemingly feeding in the wheat stubble. Ed Photos: Chris Woods May 2016 15 The Rainbow Bird INTERESTING SIGHTINGS 20/12/2015 26/12/2015 08/01/2016 09/01/2016 10/01/2016 11/01/2016 11/01/2016 12/01/2016 15/01/2016 17/01/2016 23/01/2016 24/01/2016 25/01/2016 25/01/2016 26/01/2016 30/01/2016 30/01/2016 30/01/2016 31/01/2016 31/01/2016 01/02/2016 12/02/2016 13/02/2016 13/02/2016 13/02/2016 13/02/2016 16/02/2016 18/02/2016 20/02/2016 23/02/2016 25/02/2016 26/02/2016 01/03/2016 14/03/2016 21/03/2016 21/03/2016 26/03/2016 26/03/2016 26/03/2016 26/03/2016 26/03/2016 26/03/2016 28/03/2016 28/03/2016 30/03/2016 30/03/2016 30/03/2016 03/04/2016 03/04/2016 03/04/2016 03/04/2016 04/04/2016 04/04/2016 04/04/2016 05/04/2016 16 Superb Fairy-wren (2) Etiwanda Wetlands - land bridge. Twittering and playing Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (5) McEdwards St. Cabarita. Six visits in Dec. Common Greenshank (3) Cowanna Billabong - Merbein Common. Grey Shrike-thrush (1) At home, Irymple. Calling Swamp Harrier (1) Yelta. Gang-gang Cockatoo (4) Bogong Road, Tumbarumba. Flying over Noisy Friarbird (2) Road to Tumbarumba. Sitting in tree Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo (3) Near Tumbarumba. Flying over Fork-tailed Swift (400) Over Darling River at Wentworth. A great rolling ball of birds Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (2) Near Wentworth. Flying over Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (3) At home, Irymple. Flying over Cockatiel (1) At home, Yelta. Striped Honeyeater (2) At home, Yelta. In flowering gums Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (5) McEdwards St. Cabarita. Seen 5 nights since 25th Eastern Barn Owl (1) Arumpo Road. Flying out of hollow Red-browed Finch (1) Leongatha. Flying between trees Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo (5) Leongatha. Flying over Striated Grasswren (1) South of Pheeney's Track. Feeding with Variegated Fairy-wrens Black-winged Stilt (30) Brickworks B'bong - Merbein Common. Many other birds here also Yellow-billed Spoonbill (10) Brickworks B'bong - Merbein Common. Many other birds here also Australian Ringneck (5) At home, Irymple. Flying over Long-billed Corella (4) Cavendish cemetery. In pine trees Grey Currawong (2) Halls Gap. Flying over Little Corella (5) Cavendish cemetery. In pine trees Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (2) Halls Gap. In gum trees Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (4) Cavendish cemetery. In pine trees Black-breasted Buzzard (1) Fletchers Lake Road. Soaring near Fletchers Lake White-breasted Woodswallow (15) Merbein main street. Catching insects Australian Hobby (1) At home, Irymple. Sitting in tree Striated Pardalote (1) At home, Irymple. Sitting in tree Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (60) Langkoop, VIC. Watering at trough Variegated Fairy-wren (4) At home, Irymple. In back yard Spotless Crake (1) Etiwanda Wetlands. Zebra Finch (2) Sylvia St. Yelta. Flying over Cape Barren Goose (1) Port Augusta. Walking along waters edge Emu (100) Nth of Sturt Hwy 65km W of Mildura. Feeding in stubble Elegant Parrot (3) Mamjimup WA. Feeding on lawn Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (20) Mamjimup WA. Flying over Splendid Fairy-wren (10) Pemberton WA. Golden Whistler (1) Ngarkat Conservation Park. In mallee scrub Purple-gaped Honeyeater (2) Ngarkat Conservation Park. In mallee scrub Tawny-crowned Honeyeater (2) Ngarkat Conservation Park. In heathland Eastern Yellow Robin (1) Castlemaine. In Botanical Gardens Striated Thornbill (1) Castlemaine. In Botanical Gardens Superb Lyrebird (1) Noojee Trestle Bridge. Male walking across track Australian Hobby (1) Walnut Ave.. White-bellied Sea-Eagle (1) Lake Boga. Flying over road and lake Golden Whistler (1) Midnight tank track. Tawny Frogmouth (1) At home, Nichols Point. Nearly trod on - in dark Peregrine Falcon (1) Mildura Plaza carpark. Peregrine Falcon (1) Cowanna Billabong - Merbein Common. Blue-faced Honeyeater (1) At home, Birdwoodton. In cherry tree Grey Fantail (1) At home, Birdwoodton. On birdbath Brown-headed Honeyeater (6) Sylvia St. Yelta. Flying towards billabong Grey Butcherbird (1) At home, Birdwoodton. In gum tree The Rainbow Bird L Modica P Doering L & R Jeffers A & S Hawtin L & R Jeffers C MacGillivray C MacGillivray C MacGillivray K Job S Fisher A & S Hawtin L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers P Doering H Devilee C MacGillivray C MacGillivray F Japp/I Japp A Campbell A Campbell A & S Hawtin J Petschel J Petschel J Petschel J Petschel J Petschel B MacMillan L & R Jeffers A & S Hawtin A & S Hawtin Brian Witford A & S Hawtin J Podgorski L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers L & R Jeffers P & C Dunstan P & C Dunstan P & C Dunstan J Podgorski J Podgorski C MacGillivray J Podgorski J Podgorski A Taylor C Woods J Podgorski M Mack G & M Preisig G & M Preisig L & R Jeffers G & M Preisig The Rainbow Bird CLUB CALENDAR Tues 3rd Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sat 7th Outing - Yarrara & Mallanbool Flora & Fauna Reserves - Leader: Alec Hawtin Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 8:30am Tues 7th Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sun 12th Outing - Nurnurnemal Nature Conservation Reserve & Castles Crossing Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 9:00am - Leader: Bill Williams. Tues 5th Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sat 9th Outing - Ned’s Corner including survey - Leader: Len Jeffers Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 8:00am Thurs 28th Committee Meeting Tues 2nd Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sun 7th Outing - Wandown Nature Reserve & Margooya Lagoon Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 8:30am - Leader: George Kerridge Tues 6th Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sat 10th / Sun 11th Campout at Nelson. Leader: Peter Dunstan (details TBA) Tues 4th Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sun 9th Outing - Hattah-Kulkyne National Park Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 8:30am - Leader: George Kerridge Tues 11th Ned’s Corner survey Thurs 27th Committee Meeting Tues 1st Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sat 5th Outing - Australian Inland Botanic Gardens Meet at Bike Hub Pine Ave. at 8:30am - Leader: Pauline Follett Sat 3rd/ Sun 4th Challenge Bird Count Tues 6th Club Meeting at Carnegie Centre, 74 Deakin Ave, Mildura at 7:30pm Sun 11th Outing - Christmas Get-together May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec What bird is this answer: That crazy equine area between the stone and iron ages May 2016 17
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