Influenza VIRUS
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses (a) Tobacco mosaic virus viruses.
(a) Tobacco mosaic virus
(TMV).
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses. Bacteriophage M52.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses Tobacco bushy stunt virus viruses.
Tobacco bushy stunt virus
(TBSV).
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses. Bacteriophage φx174.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses. Bacteriophage T4.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses. Bacteriophage γ.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of a selection of viruses. Simian virus 40 (SV40).
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs of Adenovirus
Electron micrographs of Adenovirus.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrograph of partially reconstituted TMV particles showing that their two RNA tails emerge from
particles showing that their two RNA tails emerge from the same end of the growing viral rod.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Icosahedron. (a) This regular polyhedron has 12 vertices, 20 equilateral triangular faces of identical size, and 30 edges. (b) A drawing of 60 identical subunits (lobes) arranged with i
icosahedral symmetry.
h d l
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TT == 3 icosadeltahedron. (a) Exact rotational symmetry of an 3 icosadeltahedron (a) Exact rotational symmetry of an
icosahedron (solid symbols) plus local 6‐fold, 3‐fold, and 2‐fold rotational axes (hollow symbols). (b) 3 quasi‐equivalent sets of (
y
) ( ) q
q
60 icosahedrally related lobes. Voet Biochemistry 3e
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Arrangement of the 60 trimers (triangles) of pseudo‐
equivalent VP1 VP2 and VP3 subunits in the
equivalent VP1, VP2, and VP3 subunits in the
icosahedral capsid of human rhinovirus.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
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Diagram of the poliovirus capsid in which the inner surface is
revealed
l d by
b the
th removall off two
t pentagonal
t
l faces.
f
Voet Biochemistry 3e
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X‐Ray structure of bacteriophage MS2 showing three dimers related by a quasi‐3‐fold axis of the
y q
T = 3 icosadeltahedral particle.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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X‐Ray structure of bluetongue virus core. Its T = 13 outer shell.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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X‐Ray structure of bluetongue virus core.Its T = 2 inner shell.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Radial organization of TBSV indicating the
distribution of its protein and RNA components.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrographs
g p of
Influenza virus
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Electron micrograph of influenza viruses
budding from infected chick embryo
cells
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Cutaway diagram of the influenza virion. The
HA and NA spikes
p
are embedded
m
in a lipid
p
bilayer that forms ther virion’s outer envelope.
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The Influenza Virus Genome.
Reading frames alternativi
Voet Biochemistry 3e
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The biosynthesis
y
of influenza vRNA, mRNA,
and cRNA.
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The budding of influenza virus from the host cell membrane. (a) The viral glycoproteins, HA and NA, are inserted into the plasma membrane of the host .
cell and the matrix protein, M1, forms the nucleocapsid‐containing shell
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The budding of influenza virus from the host cell membrane (b) Aggregation of HA and NA to exclude host
membrane. (b) Aggregation of HA and NA to exclude host cell membrane proteins (arrows).
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The budding of influenza virus from the host cell membrane.
membrane (c)
This binding process induces the membrane to envelop the
protein shell such that the mature virion buds from the
matrix p
host cell surface.
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The p
primary
y structure of the 1968 Hong
Kong influenza virus hemagglutinin.
Antigenic shift vs
vs. Antigenic drift
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X‐Ray structure of influenza hemagglutinin. A cartoon diagram of the monomer.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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X‐Ray structure of influenza hemagglutinin. A ribbon diagram of the HA trimer
diagram of the HA trimer.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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X‐Ray structure of the influenza neuraminidase tetramer. The view is along the 4‐fold axis of the homotetramaric protein, looking toward the viral membrane.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Comparison of BHA and TBHA2. (a) Ribbon diagram of BHA. (b) Ribbon diagram ( )
g
p
g
of TBHA2. (c) Diagram of the positions and heights above the viral surface of TBHA2 in the HA trimer and in the low‐pH fragment.
Voet Biochemistry 3e
© 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.