Lincoln Townscape Assessment
Yarborough Road
Inherited Character Area Statement
View up Yarborough Road from The Avenue showing different styles of property
JULY 2009
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Table of Contents
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Overview
Historical Development
Urban form
Views
Condition of Buildings and Streetscape
Use
Relationship to City and Surrounding Areas
Key Townscape Characteristics
Appendix 1: Character Area Attributes
Appendix 2: List of RAZs
Appendix 3: List of Monuments
Appendix 4: List of Ecological Sites
Appendix 5: Historical Components which influence the current character
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Overview
Yarborough Road Character Area lies to the west of Lincoln’s historic core and spans almost the full height of the north
escarpment slope. The Character Area is dominated by large-scale individually styled Late Victorian/Edwardian properties, as
well as some contemporary smaller-scale terraced houses, which originally formed part of a middle-class suburb within easy reach
of the city centre. Small contained areas of later infill and redevelopment dating to the Inter-War, Post-War and Modern Periods
are also located within the area.
The changing gradient of the escarpment slope strongly influences many elements of the urban form, such as the size of housing
plots, accessibility, road layout, the aspect of buildings, and the rhythm of buildings up and down the escarpment slope.
The Late Victorian/Edwardian townscape survives as a manifestation of a period of economic prosperity experienced by Lincoln,
which resulted in the emergence of a middle class, around the turn of the 20th century. Larger-scale properties are highly
individual in character, and are differentiated through variation in building form and scale as well as the incorporation of a variety of
decorative features. Rows of terraced houses mostly comprise single, or a small number of, build units. Houses within build units
are usually similar in form and decoration leading to short but coherent building lines and façades. However, different build units of
Late Victorian/Edwardian terraces vary considerably in form and decoration. Despite the varying scale and form of Late
Victorian/Edwardian houses, properties have many common characteristics.
Remaining properties in the area include a development of Post-War council houses, a modern residential development, and
several individual detached houses dating from the Inter-War Period to the Modern Period.
Much of the Character Area consists of open space, with large spacious gardens around houses alongside substantial areas of
open public space within and bordering the Character Area. Private gardens have mature trees and vegetation, and create a
suburban feeling of green space throughout much of the area.
Buildings and the Character Area generally benefit from far reaching southerly views off the north escarpment, particularly from
elevated areas. Views along streets up the escarpment slope are characterised by elevated and rising building façades, whereas
those down streets include descending patterns of rooftops and chimneys. In turn, buildings within the Character Area, notably the
Ellis Mill, contribute to the western skyline of the city when approached from the west.
Yarborough Road and The Avenue are important and heavily used roads in the Character Area, acting as part of an inner city
bypass between western and northern parts of the city.
Historical Development
The majority of Yarborough Road Character Area is an area of high-status residential housing dating to the Post-Railway
Expansion [1846-1868 AD] and Late Victorian/Edwardian Periods.
It is likely that land within the Character Area was part of the Roman ‘territorium’, an area of land surrounding major Roman
fortresses in which agricultural production and services were dedicated to the service of the legion rather than the local population.
Land may have been farmed, although the exposed escarpment edge may have provided a natural location for the quarrying of
materials. West Parade, which runs east/west through the south of the area, probably follows the line of a Roman road that
provided access to cemeteries located outside the city, and possibly further afield.
Land in the Character Area probably remained open during the Early Medieval Era, and as Lincoln experienced a period of
decline with much of the settlement retracting within the former Roman walled enclosures. Land in the area was probably
composed of a series of open fields, although it is possible that materials were again quarried from the escarpment face to supply
the growth of the city. Towards the end of the High Medieval Era, land within the area was part of a large garden owned by the
Bishop of Lincoln. West Parade marks the approximate southern extents of the garden. The road was known as ‘Wong Lane’,
meaning Old Norse for ‘garden’. The former name related to an area of land within the bishop’s estate, which was farmed in
common by residents of Lincoln during the Early Modern Era. The only remaining trace of the name in Lincoln is the small parcel
of land at the corner of Queen’s Crescent and Yarborough Road known as ‘The Wong’.
Long Leys Road in the north west of the Character Area, which was originally known as Cliffgate, was an important western
access route into the city by at least the 13th century. Around the same time, West Parade was one of three parallel roads in the
east of the city, including Carholme Road and Newland Street West. The roads passed through the medieval suburb of Newland
and the Parishes of St. Martin and St. Mary Le Wigford, the boundary between which followed eastern boundary of Liquorice
Park. The roads would have been important in the development of the city as a market centre during the High Medieval and Early
Modern Eras.
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Land within the Character Area, including that within the Bishop’s estate, appears to have been divided up through a series of
piecemeal agreements during the Early Modern Era. The small enclosures were probably used for a variety of functions, such as
paddocks, orchards, and market gardens. The alignment of several former field boundaries is retained in the Late
Victorian/Edwardian townscape, such as; the line of The Avenue north of West Parade, the eastern boundary of Liquorice Park,
the boundary of the Character Area with Whitton Park, the western boundary of the Character Area to the rear of numbers 6,
8,10,14,16 and 18 The Avenue, and the southern boundary of number 127 Yarborough Road. Belle Vue Terrace also follows
the curved alignment of a former field boundary of this date. Towards the end of the Early Modern Era there are documentary
references that fields were known as ‘Shooting Leas’, an area where inhabitants of Lincoln exercised their responsibilities under
the laws governing the musters, which required each inhabitant to be proficient with the bow.
Any remaining open land within the Character Area would have been enclosed under an Act of Parliament in 1803. The Enclosure
Act outlined the dividing up of common lands around the city according to common rights and private claims of ownership. The
Enclosure Act redefined the boundaries of West Common, which forms part of the western boundary of the Character Area, to
its current shape.
Expansion of Lincoln during the Early Industrial Period led to an increased demand for construction materials, including brick.
Accessible sources of clay on the escarpment slope led to the development of brickworks immediately east and south of the area,
including the Allison and Fosters brickwork, and later the Westcliff Brickworks. The northern boundary of Hill Cottage in the far
north of the Character Area marks the southerly extent of the brick pit associated with the latter brickworks. During this period,
West Parade was known as Clay Lane or Brickyard Lane.
The crest of the north escarpment had been a preferred location for windmills since the Early Modern Era. The standing Ellis Mill
in the Character Area, which was built during the Early Industrial Period, is the only surviving example in this area of Lincoln.
Figure 1 Silhouette of Ellis Mill
During the Early Industrial Period, Lincoln experienced a period of economic growth, leading to increased demand for working
class housing. As the city expanded eastwards during the Early Industrial and Post-Railway Expansion Periods, terraced housing
was built to the east and west of the Character Area, and in the north of the area along Belle Vue Road. The period of expansion
entailed the construction of industry and infrastructure, including The Lawn Lunatic Asylum in 1819 and the Lincoln Union
Workhouse in 1837. The plots of the asylum and workhouse form part of the northern boundaries of the Character Area. The
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stone walled boundary to the rear of numbers 9-13 Yarborough Terrace and numbers 149-159 Yarborough Road defines the
former graveyard associated with the Union workhouse. Yarborough Road and The Avenue were also laid out during the PostRailway Expansion Period, connecting upper parts of the escarpment with the east and south of the city.
Despite peripheral development, much of the land within the Character Area itself remained undeveloped, particularly on the
steepest parts of the escarpment slope, until the latter part of the Late Victorian/Edwardian Period. Around the turn of the 20th
century, larger dwellings for the middle and upper classes were constructed within the Character Area, such as numbers 49-51
and 127-129 Yarborough Road. Much of the housing development in the Character Area south of the junction of Long Leys
Road and Yarborough Road was completed by the first few years of the 20th century, and remaining open land, such as
Liquorice Park, open land immediately to the east, and the site of St. Faith’s and St. Martin’s School was allotments during the
end of the Late Victorian/Edwardian Period and the beginning of the Inter-War Period.
Remaining land in the Character Area was developed in a more piecemeal fashion during the Inter-War Period (e.g. St. Faith’s
and St. Martin’s School, number 33-40 Long Leys Road, and numbers 130-152 Yarbrough Road) and to a lesser extent to the
Post-War and Modern Periods (e.g. number 31, 32 and 43 Long Leys Road). Whitton Park, which forms part of the eastern
boundary of the area, was created out of land occupied by the former Westcliff brickworks during the Inter-War Period.
Urban form
Yarborough Road Character Area lies to the west of Lincoln’s historic core and spans almost the full height of the north
escarpment slope. The Character Area is dominated by large-scale, individually styled Late Victorian/Edwardian buildings,
which benefit from extensive views off the escarpment slope as well as a close location to the city centre. Late
Victorian/Edwardian properties originally formed part of a high-status suburb within easy reach of the city centre. Small, contained
areas of later infill and redevelopment are located within the area.
The changing gradient of the escarpment slope strongly influences many elements of the urban form, such as the size of housing
plots, accessibility, road layout, the aspect of buildings, and the rhythm of buildings up and down the escarpment slope. There is a
low building density throughout much of the area, possibly because of the problematic steepness of the escarpment slope, as well
as the generally large scale of buildings set in spacious plots.
Yarborough Road and The Avenue are the dominant roads in the Character Area, and form part of an inner ring road that carries
traffic connecting radial roads entering the north of the city with Carholme Road, Long Leys Road and Newland in the west. A
small number of individual or groups of properties in the area are accessed along narrow tracks or driveways, such as the houses
to the west of the roundabout in the north of the area, and numbers 38, 41 and 42 Long Leys Road.
The area is composed of small to medium sized urban blocks, many of which extend outside of the area, forming part of a grid
pattern of mostly Late Victorian/Edwardian streets and houses to the north and south. Several urban blocks are partially defined
by footpaths, meaning access is comparatively more difficult than for pedestrians.
Late Victorian/Edwardian properties in the Character Area consist of large-scale properties, mainly located on the upper parts
of the escarpment slope as well as West Parade and The Avenue, and some short rows of terraced houses. Despite the varying
scale and form of Late Victorian/Edwardian houses, properties have many common characteristics. Houses are built of brick laid
in either English or Flemish bond. Properties have medium-to-high solid-void-ratios with vertical windows. Houses have active
frontages with doors and/or windows overlooking the road, creating a feeling of activity along streets. Windows are mostly
uPVC or wood replacements, although many original wooden sash windows survive, especially on larger-scale properties.
Windows have thin stone sills, many of which are painted white. The majority of windows have stone lintels with chamfered or
carved decoration, although some houses have cambered and segmental brick arches. Roofs are mostly of slate, although some
have been re-roofed in concrete tile.
Larger-scale properties are highly individual in character, and are differentiated through variation in building form and scale as well
as the incorporation of a variety of decorative features. Buildings are detached and semi-detached houses. Properties are
either a tall two storeys or three storeys in height, and are mostly two substantial bays in width, although some of the largest
properties are up to four bays in width. The majority of buildings appear to have been constructed as individual build units,
illustrated by their individual nature of their form and decoration.
Properties are located in large rectangular plots orientated perpendicular to the road. Houses are set back between three and
fourteen metres from the footway, with properties on the steepest part of the slope set back the furthest. The majority of plots are
defined by brick walls, with the exception of the limestone boundary wall at number 26 Carline Road, and mature borders.
Properties have gardens and/or driveways to the front, many of which have mature trees and vegetation that partially screens
buildings from the road. The front boundaries of plots on the steepest part of the escarpment are defined by brick retaining
walls, and frequently only have pedestrian access at the front of their plots. Consequently car access is often to the rear of
properties where peripheral road infrastructure permits, such as Alexandra Terrace and Carline Road. Large-scale buildings set
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within large plots create a coarse grain in much of the townscape, leading to a low overall building density and an open sense
of enclosure along much of Yarborough Road and The Avenue. The open sense of enclosure increases around major junctions
(e.g. at the intersection of Long Leys Road), and decreases around steeper parts of the escarpment with elevated building lines on
the uphill side of the slope.
A number of large-scale properties have original wooden sash windows, some of which have multi-paned upper sashes above
single or paired windows, such as number 96 West Parade. Several houses, particularly on projecting rectangular bays, have pairs
of vertical windows. Front doors on houses are either located centrally on the front façade, as pairs on semi-detached properties
or between two bays on detached houses, or are located on the sides of properties. Entrances to the side either are set back
from the front façade but remain facing towards the front of plots, or face the neighbouring plot. Entranceways are usually set
within a recessed or projecting porch, and are grand in appearance with heavy carved stone lintels or ornate wooden porches.
Houses located on steeper parts of the escarpment have entranceway above exposed basement levels, requiring a series of steps
to the front or side of the house. Basement levels often have entrances, usually in the form of a solid door. A number of steps have
been replaced during the Modern Period.
Figure 2 Rendered three storey Late Victorian/Edwardian properties on Yarborough Road with projecting rectangular
and canted bay windows and shared second-floor balcony. The front of the property is obscured by a large-scale
modern external stairwell built in modern orange brick
Large-scale Late Victorian/Edwardian houses vary considerably in decoration and built form. Houses frequently have projecting
wings, many of which have ornate gable ends facing the road, and/or one to three storey bay windows. Bay windows are mostly
canted or rectangular bays, but there are a small number of bow shaped bays (e.g. numbers 8 and 13 The Avenue). Two
distinctive V-shaped bay windows, which maintain the pattern of traced houses whilst allowing for a slightly reduced building plot,
are located on numbers 19 and 21 Carline Road. The projections are built of brick, stone or wood, and are plain or loosely
classical in style. Bay windows are roofed in a variety of manners, including flat roofs occasionally with low brick/stone parapets,
hipped lead/slate roofs, and swept or convex lead roofs (e.g. number 26 Carline Road). A number of taller south-facing
properties have tall bay windows with balconies. Several houses have distinctive projecting features such as the gothic tower at
number 2 Yarborough Road and the oriel window at number 26 Carline Road. Many properties retain cast-iron railings or
cresting along balconies and projecting bay roofs respectively. A limited number of houses in the area have ceramic or stone date
stones with the building’s year of construction.
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Figure 3 Rising pattern of house facades and chimneys up Yarborough Road
Roofs on large-scale properties are mostly gabled with their ridgelines running parallel to the street, although several houses have
hipped roofs. Many roof structures incorporate projecting gabled or hipped features at eaves level on the front façade, often
above projecting wings, bay and other windows. The features often form blind dormer windows at eaves level. Several properties
in the Character Area have dormer windows set wholly within the roof space, or more infrequently, at the front of the building
spanning the eaves line. The style of dormer often replicates the architectural style of the buildings (e.g. the polygonal dormer and
bay windows with applied timberwork at number 5 The Avenue) although some modern dormers are plainer in style (e.g. the
large cubic dormers at 15-17 The Avenue). Gable ends facing the street are frequently highly individual in style, such as the Dutch
style gables at numbers 13 The Avenue and 102 West Parade, and the ornate wooden balconies set into gable ends at numbers
121-125 Yarborough Road. The apexes of roofs are frequently decorated with a ceramic, wooden or metal finial. Eaves and
verges are often deep and are simply decorated with wooden brackets or brick dentilation. Roofs are mainly of Welsh slate,
although a small number of houses have been re-roofed with concrete tile. Large-scale properties have tall brick chimneys, the
majority of which are built within or projecting from the gable wall, although a few are built within the house avoiding the ridge.
Several chimneys have recessed brick panels and over sailing brick courses (e.g. number 15/17 The Avenue). Roofs and
chimneys form a repeating pattern along streets, which is accentuated by the rise and fall of the hill slope.
Two identical modern apartment buildings, located at numbers 53-59, are similar in scale and aspect to surrounding large-scale
Late Victorian/Edwardian buildings. However, the properties occupy a larger rectangular grassed plot aligned parallel to the road.
In addition, the buildings are plain in form and decoration with synthetic stone quoins, and brick dentilation in the verges.
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Figure 4 Pair of identical modern apartment blocks at 53-59 Yarborough Road with undefined central plot boundary
and grassed plot
Smaller-scale terraced houses are located in less prominent positions in the Character Area, such as along Belle Vue Terrace
and Yarborough Crescent in the far north of the Character Area, as well as terraced houses at numbers 82-110 Yarborough
Road. Terraced properties are two storeys in height and two/three bays in width, and form strong and continuous building
lines along streets. Houses are set back 2-3m from the footway and are located towards the front of short rectangular plots that
run perpendicular to the road. The majority of forecourts are defined by low brick walls, although several of which along
Yarborough Road have been demolished to allow for car parking. A small number of terraced houses are arranged in short rows
at right angles to roads (e.g. numbers 10-25 Belle Vue Road, 18,20,32 and 34 Yarborough Road, 30-34 Ashlin Grove and 27
North Parade).
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Figure 5 Strong building line of north facing terraced properties up Yarborough Road
Rows of terraced houses mostly comprise single or a small number of build units of between two and eight houses. Houses
within build units are usually similar in form and decoration leading to short but coherent building lines and façades. Different build
units of Late Victorian/Edwardian terraces vary considerably in form and decoration. Plainer and smaller, two storey two bay
width, properties are located in the far north of the area, along Belle Vue Road and Yarborough Terrace. The houses have plain
eaves and verges, and little or no decoration on the front façade. Houses are usually accessed through shared entranceways (e.g.
number 1-9 Bellevue Road) or are entered at the rear via a shared passageway serving an entire row (e.g. 10-25 Bellevue Road).
Terraced houses along Yarborough Road and Yarborough Terrace are comparably larger in scale, being up to three bays in width
and three storeys in height. The properties are more ornate in style, with canted or rectangular bay windows, moulded and/or
dentilated brickwork in the eaves, and stone dressings in the form of window lintels and semi-circular arches above recessed
porches. Roofs often have gable ends or blind dormers facing the street with applied timber framing or timber decoration.
Roofs on Late Victorian/Edwardian terraced houses are gabled, and mostly have their ridgelines running parallel to the road,
except some more prominent rows, which have their gable ends facing the street (e.g. 82-110 Yarborough Road). Chimneys are
built of brick and are built in the gable/party wall passing through the ridgeline. Stacks vary is size according to the scale of
terraced houses, being larger and more decorative (e.g. over sailing courses) on larger and more prominent properties.
Ellis Mill is a landmark building in the Character Area, and is a conspicuous component of the historic skyline of Lincoln when
approached from the south and west. The building is a tower mill of 3 floors with 4 sails, ogee domed wooden cap and fantail.
The mill, which was restored by Lincoln Civic Trust in 1977-1981 is built of brick, and is painted black. The interior is accessed
by a door at ground floor level with horizontally sliding square windows with stone sills and segmental arches above.
Remaining properties in the area include a development of Post-War council houses along the south of Yarborough Road, a
modern residential development along Belle Vue Road, and several individual detached houses dating from the Inter-War Period
to the Modern Period.
Detached houses are individual in style and form. Properties are located along the north side of Long Leys Road, and along the
upper parts of Yarborough Road. The houses vary from one to two storeys in height, and are set within rectangular plots
orientated perpendicular to the road. Houses along Yarborough Road are set back as much as 33m from the footway at the back
of steep plots with large gardens to the front, whereas those along Long Leys Road are set more to the front of less steep plots.
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Properties are generally very plain in decoration, with few projections and plain eaves and verges. Gabled and hipped roofs vary
in pitch and are of variety of materials including concrete and ceramic tile and slate. Properties are brick-built in stretcher bond,
with the exception of number 39 Long Leys Road, which has vertically stack-bonded brickwork laid as stretchers.
Figure 6 Vertically stack bonded brickwork laid as stretchers on number 39 Long Leys Road
The development of 12 semi-detached council houses off the south side of Yarborough Road is highly coherent in character.
Houses are set back between eight to thirteen metres from the road, and are located towards the front of deep plots that extend
down slope to the rear. Properties are semi-detached, and are built of brick with hipped tile roofs. Buildings have two projecting
wings to the front either side of a pair of entrances set beneath a shared single gabled porch. Properties have active frontages
facing Yarborough Road, and have high solid-to-void ratios with horizontal uPVC windows. First-floor windows are set high up
beneath shallow eaves. Houses are plain in character with no apparent decoration.
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Figure 7 Post-War Council housing down slope of Yarborough Road
The modern residential development along Belle Vue Road consists of mainly detached houses set in small plots aligned
obliquely to the road to maximise views off the escarpment. The buildings are set back from the footway with small forecourts
which allow for parking. The houses are built of a light orange brick and are plain in character, with no apparent decoration.
Houses have shallow pitched concrete tile roofs.
Streets in the Character Area are two lanes in width, and appear to be in good condition. Connecting roads, such as Carline
Road, Long Leys Road and Yarborough Road, are comparably wider than cul-de-sacs (e.g. Yarborough Terrace and Belle Vue
Road). Roads are tarmac and have modern concrete kerbs and channels, with the only exception of the private road Theodore
Street, which has York Stone kerbs and gutters. Road noise, much of which derives from Yarborough Road, is conspicuous
throughout of the area.
Street furniture is mostly modern, including tall steel street lighting, wooden telegraph poles, traffic lights, steel fencing around
some junctions, and steel street signage. However, some original or replica cast-iron features survive, including the Post-War
railings along north side of Whitton Park, the handrails leading form Yarborough Road to North Parade and Ashlin Grove, and the
letterbox on the corner of Queen’s Crescent. Some cast-iron street nameplates survive, although many have been replaced by
modern freestanding steel signs.
Much of the Character Area consists of open space, with large spacious gardens around houses alongside substantial areas of
open public space within and bordering the Character Area. Private gardens have mature trees and vegetation, and create a
suburban feeling of green space throughout much of the area.
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Figure 8 View north of Liquorice Park, with allotments in the foreground
The Character Area includes Liquorice Park, an area of south-west facing rough grassland and scrub that has developed on
land formerly used as allotments. Groups of volunteers have cleared pathways and created habitat features described as Wetland,
butterfly area, spring meadow, summer meadow, orchard and copse. The southern part of the site bordering Yarborough Road is
still used as allotments. In addition, the area borders West Common and Whitton Park, which front Long Leys Road and
Yarborough Road respectively. The large open spaces, contribute to the open and suburban character of the Character Area, and
helps soften the transition between the rural landscape to the west and the central urban area to the east.
Views
There are far reaching southerly views off the north escarpment, particularly from elevated areas of the Character Area. Views
consist of west Common in the foreground and more distant rural views out towards the Belvoir Vale. Views along streets up the
escarpment slope are characterised by elevated and rising building facades, whereas those down streets include descending
patterns of rooftops and chimneys. A viewing platform has been built at the top of Liquorice Park beside Carline Road, at the
highest point overlooking open space.
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Figure 9 Southerly views of Lincoln’s rural hinterland
Condition of Buildings and Streetscape
Many buildings along Yarborough Road are in poor condition, with the several buildings suffering from neglect and/or structural
problems. Several properties were undergoing renovation at the time of survey, many of which were under conversion to multiple
tenant occupancy Late Victorian/Edwardian properties have had a high proportion of original materials replaced with Modern
substitutes, in particular windows, doors and rainwater goods. However, many Late Victorian/Edwardian houses properties retain
their original cast-iron house nameplates and number signs.
Use
Much of the Character Area consists of residential housing; however, a number of properties in the south of the area have been
converted for commercial use as offices and accommodation (e.g. Nursing Home).
Yarborough Road and The Avenue are important and heavily used roads in the Character Area, acting as part of an inner city
bypass between western and northern parts of the city. Much of Liquorice Park is inaccessible scrubland and rough grassland;
however, the southern part of the site is used as allotments and there is well-established and maintained access to parts.
Relationship to City and Surrounding Areas
The area is well connected to the inner city as well as the more suburban and rural areas to the west. As a result, the area forms a
long linear transition between the city centre and the suburban/rural fringe.
Yarborough Road carries high volumes of traffic, acting as a western entrance and exit to the city centre. The gently increasing
building scale towards the city centre creates a feeling of arrival.
Buildings within the Character Area, particularly those facing south (e.g. Late Victorian/Edwardian villas and the Ellis Mill) are an
integral part of Lincoln’s skyline when viewed from the south. The restored Ellis Mill in particular contributes strongly the city’s
historic skyline, notably when viewed alongside other large-scale landmark buildings such as the water tower and the Cathedral.
Key Townscape Characteristics
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Yarborough Road Character Area lies to the west of Lincoln’s historic core and spans almost the full height of the north escarpment slope
Dominated by large scale individually styled Late Victorian/Edwardian buildings, which benefit from extensive views off the escarpment
slope as well as a close location to the city centre.
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Late Victorian/Edwardian properties originally formed part of a high-status suburb within easy reach of the city centre. Small contained
areas of later infill and redevelopment are located within the area
Many elements of the area’s historic development survive in the current townscape, including:
o
West Parade follows the line of an earlier Roman road
o
13th century, if not earlier, line of Long Leys Road
o
Alignment of former early Industrial field boundaries in the townscape
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Remains of a former 19th century brick pit
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Restored early Industrial Ellis windmill
Yarborough Road and The Avenue form part of an inner ring road
Gradient of the escarpment slope strongly influences many elements of the urban form, such as the size of housing plots, accessibility,
road layout, the aspect of buildings
Large scale buildings sat within large plots creates a coarse grain to much of the townscape, leading to a low overall building density and
an open sense of enclosure
Late Victorian/Edwardian properties in the Character Area include large-scale properties, and some short rows of terraced houses and
have many common characteristics:
•
Built of brick laid in English or Flemish Bond
•
Medium to high solid void ratios with vertical windows
•
Active frontages with doors and/or windows overlooking the road
•
uPVC or wood replacement windows although many original wooden sash windows survive
•
Thin stone windowsills many of which are painted white
•
Moulded stone or brick window lintels with chamfered or carved decoration,
•
Slate roofs
Form, scale, and decoration of larger scale Late Victorian/Edwardian properties is highly individual:
Detached and semi-detached
Tall two storeys or three storeys in height, and two-four substantial bays in width
Buildings appear to have been constructed as individual build units,
Located in large rectangular plots orientated perpendicular to the road
Set back between three and fourteen metres from the footway
Plots are defined by brick walls and mature borders
Gardens and/or driveways to the front
Plots on the steepest part of the escarpment are defined by brick retaining walls, and frequently only have pedestrian access at the front of
their plots.
Front doors on houses are either located centrally or to the side
Frequently have projecting wings, one to three storey bay windows, and ornate gable ends facing the road, and/or.
Mainly gabled roofs of Welsh slate with ridgelines running parallel to the street, although several houses have hipped roofs
Tall brick chimneys
Smaller scale terraced houses are located in less prominent positions and form strong and continuous building lines along streets
•
Set back 2-3m from the footway, located towards the front of short rectangular plots that run perpendicular to the road.
Forecourts defined by low brick walls, although several have been demolished to allow for car parking
•
A small number arranged in short rows at right angles to roads
•
Rows comprise single or a small number of build units of between 2 and 8 houses
•
Houses within build units are usually similar in form and decoration
•
Different build units of Late Victorian/Edwardian terraces vary considerably in form and decoration
•
Gabled roofs ridgelines running parallel to the road
•
Plainer and smaller two-storey two-bay width properties are located in the far north of the area
•
Larger in scale terraced houses along Yarborough Road and Yarborough Terrace are three bays in width and three storeys in height,
and are comparably more ornate
Remaining properties in the area include a development of Post-Warcouncil houses, a modern residential development, and several
individual detached houses dating from the Inter-War Period to the Modern Periods
•
Detached houses are individual in character, vary from one to two storeys in height, and are set within rectangular plots orientated
perpendicular to the road. Properties are generally plain in decoration
•
Development of 12 semi-detached council houses is highly coherent in character. Houses are built of brick-built with hipped tile roofs,
and are set back between eight to thirteen metres from the road. Buildings have two projecting wings to the front either side of a pair of
entrances set beneath a shared single gabled porch. First-floor windows are set high up beneath shallow eaves. Houses are plain in
character
•
Houses within the modern residential development along Belle Vue Road are highly plain in character. The houses have small
forecourts to allow for parking. Buildings have shallow pitched roofs of concrete tile and small single storey projections to the front
The Character Area includes Liquorice Park, an area of south-west facing rough grassland and scrub that has developed on land formerly
used as allotments. In addition the area borders West Common and Whitton Park
There are far reaching southerly views off the north escarpment, particularly from elevated areas of the Character Area. Views along streets
up the escarpment slope are characterised by elevated and rising building facades, whereas those down streets include descending
patterns of rooftops and chimneys
Many buildings along Yarborough Road are in poor condition, with the several buildings suffering from neglect and/or structural problems.
Late Victorian/Edwardian properties have had a high proportion of original materials replaced
Yarborough Road and The Avenue are important and heavily used roads acting as part of an inner city bypass between western and
northern parts of the city
Page 15 of 20
Appendix 1: Character Area Attributes
Character Area Type: Residential
Predominant Period:
Late Victorian/Edwardian (1869 to 1919 AD)
Secondary Period:
Post-war (1946 to 1966 AD)
Average Building Density: Medium
Location Type:
Inner suburbs
Average Building Type: Semi-detached
Page 16 of 20
Appendix 2: List of RAZs
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Intermediate distance roads
Local roads
Newland market
Housing in Westcastle
Housing in Newland suburb
Causey Farm, Newland
Common quarries in the cliff faces north-west and south of the city
Windmills west of Bradegate
Windmills west of Battle Place
Broken Cross at Westcastle
The Butts
Newland boundaries
Enclosures west of Newland
The city's arable fields
Enclosed pasture and meadow east and west of the city
Un-enclosed pasture west of Newland, and West Common
Working-class housing estates c.1850-1945 in Newport, Newland, Butwerk Wigford and elsewhere
Newly-built Victorian housing for the middle and upper classes c. 1850-1918
Middle Class house building between the Wars
Animal processing industries
Food processing industries and brewing industry
Textile industries
Brick and tile manufacture
Lunatic Asylum (The Lawn Hospital)
House of Industry, the Workhouse and House of the Girls' Friendly Society
Intermediate road routes
Local road routes
The Jurassic Way
Hill top activity
Limestone uplands
Potential western quaysides
Northern hill slope area with springs and possible secular occupation
Canabae outside east, north and west gates
Legionary 'prata' and 'territorium'
Northern and southern hill slopes
An early hilltop enclosure?
Roads entering the city
Area of centuriation around the city
Cemeteries
Racecourse Kiln and associated industrial zone
Possible occupation site near castle west gate
Central elements of former Roman city and Roman network
Land around city potentially usable for settlement and agriculture
Intermediate distance roads
Local roads
Newland market
Housing in Westcastle
Housing in Newland suburb
The Bishop's Garden Willingthorpe
Common "diggings" in the cliff faces north-west and south of the city
Windmills west of Bradegate
Windmills west of Battle Place
Broken Cross at Westcastle
Newland boundaries
Enclosures west of Newland
Lincoln common fields
Page 17 of 20
Appendix 3: List of Monuments
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Late Roman road. The Park (53.231, -0.54)
The Wong, Yarborough Road/Queens Crescent (53.237, -0.55)
Well, Ellis Mill, Mill Road (53.238, -0.55)
Hill Cottage, off Burton Road (53.242, -0.55)
203 Yarborough Road (53.239, -0.55)
Bellevue Terrace, Carline Road (53.235, -0.55)
130-132 Yarborough Road (53.238, -0.55)
320 Burton Road, barn and stables (53.239, -0.55)
119 Yarborough Road, Orchard Guest House (53.235, -0.55)
Allotments, Yarborough Road (53.235, -0.55)
Liquorice Park, Yarborough Park/Carline Road (53.235, -0.55)
Allotments, Yarborough Road/Hampton Street (53.236, -0.55)
Allotments, Yarborough Road (53.235, -0.55)
10-13 Yarborough Terrace (53.237, -0.55)
6-9 Belle Vue Road (53.236, -0.55)
20 Carline Road (53.235, -0.55)
7-9 Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
82-92 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
4-9 Yarborough Terrace (53.237, -0.55)
137-139 Yarborough Road (53.237, -0.55)
94-96 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
110 Yarborough Road & 16 Queens Crescent (53.237, -0.55)
171 Yarborough Road (53.238, -0.55)
102-108 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
1-3 Yarborough Terrace and 5 Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
23 & 25 Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
126 Yarborough Road (53.237, -0.55)
159 and 161 Yarborough Road (53.238, -0.55)
163 Yarborough Road (53.238, -0.55)
155-157 Yarborough Road (53.237, -0.55)
165-167 Yarborough Road (53.238, -0.55)
1-3 Carline Road (53.237, -0.55)
Allotment gardens, Theodore Street/Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
121-123 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
125 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
Highfield, Burton Road (53.241, -0.55)
217-219 Yarborough Road (53.240, -0.55)
Yarborough Terrace (53.237, -0.55)
209-211 Yarborough Road (53.240, -0.55)
Theodore Street (53.237, -0.55)
127-129 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
4-5 Belle Vue Road (53.236, -0.55)
8 Belle Vue Terrace (53.235, -0.55)
141 Yarborough Road (53.237, -0.55)
131-133 Yarborough Road (53.236, -0.55)
Foot road, Burton Road (53.242, -0.55)
St Faith and St Martin CE Junior School, Hampton Street LN1 1LW (1) (53.235, -0.55)
Thompsons Row, 18-25 Belle Vue Road (53.236, -0.55)
1-8 Keyworths Row, Belle Vue Road (53.236, -0.55)
Belle Vue Road, Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
1-8 Belle Vue Terrace, Carline Road (53.235, -0.55)
Belle Vue Cottages, Belle Vue Road, Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
Hampton Street (53.235, -0.55)
Belle Vue House/ Lincolnshire Home for Girls/Penitent Females Home, Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
Windmill, Mill Road (53.240, -0.55)
Windmill, Mill Road (53.240, -0.55)
229-231 Yarborough Road (53.241, -0.55)
22-24 Carline Road (53.236, -0.55)
Wards Mill, Burton Road (53.242, -0.55)
Page 18 of 20
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Windmill, Burton Road (53.241, -0.55)
Cliffgate (53.237, -0.55)
Bradegate/Burtongate (53.248, -0.55)
Carline Road (53.235, -0.55)
Ellis Mill, Mill Road (53.238, -0.55)
Footpath, Carline Road to West Common (53.237, -0.55)
57-63 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
6 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
53-59 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
Roman ditch, Newland Street West (53.231, -0.55)
20 The Avenue and 2-4 Yarborough Road (53.233, -0.55)
20 Yarborough Road and 25-27 North Parade (53.234, -0.55)
12 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
10 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
8 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
10-18 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
6-8 Yarborough Road, Clifton Villas (53.233, -0.55)
19-25 The Avenue (53.233, -0.55)
27 The Avenue (53.233, -0.55)
22 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
30-32 Yarborough Road and 30-34 Ashlin Grove (53.234, -0.55)
102 West Parade (53.233, -0.55)
94 and 96 West Parade (53.232, -0.55)
15 and 17 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
24 and 26 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
9-11 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
16 The Avenue (53.233, -0.55)
18 The Avenue (53.233, -0.55)
98-100 West Parade (53.232, -0.55)
34-38 Yarborough Road (53.234, -0.55)
13 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
41-47 Yarborough Road (53.233, -0.55)
49-51 Yarborough Road (53.233, -0.55)
5 The Avenue (53.231, -0.55)
7 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
14 The Avenue (53.233, -0.55)
92 West Parade (53.232, -0.55)
2 & 4 The Avenue (53.232, -0.55)
67 Newland/1 The Avenue (53.231, -0.55)
Giant Lane (53.234, -0.55)
Newland Street West (53.232, -0.55)
Page 19 of 20
Appendix 4: List of Ecological Sites
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Whittons Park
Hobbler's Hole and Newt Hollow
Land to Rear of Hill Cottage
The Lawn
Workhouse Burial Ground
Yarborough Road Allotments
Hill Cottage Meadow
Page 20 of 20
Appendix 5: Historical Components which influence the
current character
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Field Boundary / Early Industrial
Road / Roman Military
School / Inter-war
Windmill / Early Industrial
Page 21 of 20