Name _________________________
Date ________________________ Period ______
World Geography
Fall Final Exam Review
1. Farmers use Russia’s areas of rich chernozem soil to grow what?
2. Beginning in 1989, many countries in Eastern Europe that had been ________ of the Soviet Union began to
replace their Communist governments.
3. The North Atlantic Current carries ________ over the coasts and inland to the Northern European Plain.
4. Which countries in Northwestern Europe mainly rely on renewable sources such as hydroelectricity for their
energy needs?
5. A system of social organization known as ________ existed both in the ancient times and in the period of modern
history before the formation of modern-day nations in Southern Europe.
6. Russia’s ________ River is the longest in Europe and is important as a transportation route and source of
hydroelectric power.
7. Ethnic Russians today are descendants of ________ farmers and hunters who settled the Northern European Plain
in the A.D. 600s.
8. Which is an example of a government effort to protect the environment of Southern Europe?
9. Approximately what percentage of the populations of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine are ethnic Russian,
Belarusian, and Ukrainian?
10. The 1975 creation of the ________ was an attempt by Mediterranean nations to limit the damage to the
environment caused by increases in human activity.
11. An environmental group that focuses its efforts on preserving and restoring marine and coastal ecosystems
particularly in the North Atlantic, Irish Sea, and North Sea is
12. Mount Elbrus, which is located ________, is a popular destination for skiers and hikers.
13. Which factors account for economic instability in the Southern European region in the 21st century?
14. Early explorers and settlers of Northern Europe known as Norsemen relied on what?
15. What type of climate is found along Russia's northern border?
16. The rich, black soil that supports agriculture in the southern part of the Northern European Plain is called?
17. Repeated ice ages and continental drift created the ________ landforms of Svalbard.
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18. What is a leading cause of deforestation?
19. Most of Northwestern Europe has what type of climate?
20. Which political-historical process led Southern Europe to transition from city-states and ethnic regions into
modern countries?
21. Which mountain range runs along the spine of the Italian Peninsula?
22. Dumping waste directly in the sea is common in countries that border the
23. The Central Uplands are characterized by what physical features?
24. Why do the plains in Siberia often flood in the spring?
25. The major mountain chains of Southern Europe include the which ranges?
26. What Russian lake holds one-fifth of all unfrozen freshwater found on Earth?
27. Despite environmental concerns about locating a paper-pulp factory near Lake ________, the factory was built
and caused substantial water pollution in the world’s oldest and deepest lake.
28. What river is important as a transportation route and source of hydroelectric power in Russia and is the longest
river in Europe?
29. Which describes the population pattern of Southern Europe today?
30. The Alps run through which country?
31. A primary mission of Greenpeace, Oceana, and Seas at Risk is to what?
32. Which period saw a resurgence of the arts and culture in Europe during the 1300s after a long period of decline?
33. What industry employs the majority of workers in Northwestern Europe?
34. A 2010 volcanic eruption in Iceland sent huge plumes of smoke and ash nearly seven miles (11 km) into the
atmosphere, where they were carried by wind toward ________ Europe.
35. Steep-walled inlets, reaching like fingers of water from the sea into coastal mountains, are called
36. Overuse of fertilizers and ________ has polluted farmland and water in much of Russia.
37. Know which crops are most likely to go with which climate region.
38. Iceland has such significant geothermal energy resources that it does not need to use much of its ________
potential.
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39. Which best describes the Northern European Plain?
40. The ________ are the descendants of nomadic peoples who lived in northern Scandinavia for thousands of years.
41. The languages of Italy, Spain, and Portugal are categorized as Romance languages, which are based on
42. The Kemi River in ________ is harnessed for hydroelectric power, a significant renewable resource.
43. The remaining forest in Northern Europe that has not been deforested is the ________, or taiga, of Scandinavia
and Russia.
44. What is the term for wet or dry airborne acids that fall to the ground?
45. Although considered to be a European country, ________ sits partly on ocean crust shared with the North
American continent, as it straddles the Mid-Atlantic Ridge that marks a boundary between two tectonic plates.
46. During ________, hardships led to worker strikes and protests for “bread and freedom,” which eventually
triggered the Russian Revolution.
47. What type of biome is found in Russia’s subartic?
48. Which characterizes winters in Southern Europe?
49. The practice and business of recreational travel that considers its impact on the environment is known as
50. Erosion and deforestation are both caused by
51. Although not situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula, Denmark is considered part of the cultural region called
52. Though tourism can threaten fragile ecosystems, ________ can teach people about conserving Northern Europe’s
vulnerable land.
53. The tectonically active country that is also the westernmost country in the Northern European sub-region is
54. What best describes the population of Iceland?
55. The Ural Mountains mark the traditional boundary between
56. In what area does the majority of the Russian population live?
57. Identify a rare natural resource located along the Spanish Pyrenees that is useful in the high-tech industry.
58. The two greatest sources of air pollution in Northwestern Europe are vehicles and ________ industries.
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59. The southern part of the Russia’s best agricultural region has rich, black soil called
60. A large amount of carbon as decomposed or partly decomposed material is stored in trees and soils of the
61. What is the term for the by-products of producing nuclear power and weapons?
62. In Iceland, ________ constitute more than 70 percent of exports.
63. Southern Europe is a popular destination for tourists because of its ________ summer climate.
64. What is a cause of erosion?
65. What group came to power as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1917?
66. Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
67. What happened after the 1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union?
68. Greeks in ancient Athens introduced the concept of ________, which has influenced society, politics, and culture
around the world.
69. Which country in Northwestern Europe has few natural resources for energy and imports most of its energy
needs?
70. ________ is the only Northern European country without an official religion.
71. In Ukraine, which ethnic group forms the majority of the population?
72. The source of Europe’s most important river systems, including those of Southern Europe is
73. What is the largest freshwater lake in Central America?
74. The period in the 1700s and 1800s during which many countries experienced rapid cultural change as they
developed power-driven machines and factories to mass-produce goods is known as the
75. People whose ancestry includes both indigenous and Spanish heritage are
76. Which region has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters?
77. The ________, the indigenous people of the Canadian Arctic, were once known as Eskimos.
78. What classifies our solar system’s four inner planets as terrestrial?
79. About _________ of the population live in metropolitan areas, where technology and industries thrive, including
Houston, Dallas - Fort Worth, San Antonio, Austin, Brownsville, and Laredo.
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80. What causes solar radiation to warm Earth?
81. Scientists believe ________ is directly related to climate change and the rising of Earth’s temperature.
82. What major landform runs through both the United States and Canada?
83. Agents or __________________, such as Stephen F. Austin, were contracted with Mexico to settle families in
Texas.
84. Most of the food grown in Mexico comes from the ________, where there is also greater population density.
85. In what city did the building of levees damage the natural landscape that once protected it from flooding?
86. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, what season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?
87. A ________ boundary often follows straight lines and does not account for physical features.
88. Different maps can accurately show the same place with different
89. What is the term for the generally windless area near the Equator?
90. Which two ethnic groups were most affected by ethnic cleansing during the 1990s?
91. What are the Great Plains of the United States?
92. Many of the migrants to São Paulo, Brazil, end up living in ________ on the outskirts of the city with no
sanitation services.
93. Prior to independence, Panama was part of
94. ________ is the spread of culture traits, both material and non-material, from one culture to another.
95. What is North America’s oldest mountain range?
96. Canada is the world’s third-largest producer of ________, which is an inexpensive source of renewable energy.
97. What kind of trees change color and drop their leaves in autumn?
98. Panama is a(n) ________ between North America and South America.
99. The ________ stretch more than 3,000 miles (4,828 km) from New Mexico to Alaska.
100. Where do the most dramatic variations in the amount of sunlight occur?
101. What three areas of Earth work together so life in the biosphere thrives?
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102. What accurately describes changes in the U.S. economy since the 1950s?
103. What is the predominant natural vegetation in areas around the Adriatic Sea?
104. A continental shelf is characterized by what features?
105. World trade is encouraged by the ________ of natural resources.
106. A broad lowland area north of the Carpathians covering most of Poland and many Baltic countries is the
107. ________ studies how factors such as a country’s size, location, and resources influence politics.
108. In Central America, most industrial employment occurs in what labor force?
109. Rapid growth of cities that results in scattered development that increases traffic, drains local resources, and
destroys open space is known as what?
110. The climate zones above the tree line in the Andes what type of climate?
111. A solar system consists of
112. When geographers identify a perceptual region, they define it based on what?
113. Which region of Eastern Europe has a steppe climate and a grassland biome?
114. The Central Uplands is an area of
115. What is the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
116. What is the key function of geographic information systems?
117. Some of Canada’s leading exports include automobiles, auto parts, crude petroleum, natural gas, and what?
118. Regional high-pressure systems in northern Mexico occasionally cause
119. What are moraines?
120. What keeps the planets revolving around the sun?
121. Imaginary lines that follow Earth’s curvature to identify the shortest distance between two points are called
122. Of what precious mineral is Mexico the world’s leading producer?
123. A(n) ________ is a person who has left his or her home country due to a crisis, such as war or famine.
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124. What is the equinox?
125. What is the largest natural lake in Mexico?
126. Where is Earth’s freshwater supply located?
127. What region of Florida providing rich habitats for a variety of animals and plant species is threatened by
environmental degradation?
128. During the Soviet era, the Soviet Union operated as a(n) ________ in which the government made key economic
decisions.
129. Humans are most likely to heavily populate a(n) ________ area.
130. Explain the Labor Force by Occupational Area of Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
***Also, look over your physical and political maps.
You will not need to know everything on your maps…just a few of the major features of
US & Canada, Middle America & the Caribbean, South America and Europe
and the section will be MATCHING.***
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