Ms Mak: The Transport Vessels (Blood Vessels)
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
●Most arteries carry ________________ blood and most veins carry ______________ blood
Exception: pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to lungs and pulmonary vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart
●Blood travels from an ________ to an _________ and into a ________ network to exchange
substances
●Blood from __________ empty into the ___________ and then the larger _______ to the heart
●Blood pressure in descending order: _______, _________, _______, ___________, veins
Smaller vessels→ more friction→ _____________ blood pressure
The heart alone is not strong enough to keep the blood moving, so each vessel has adaptations to
assist with the movement of blood:
There are three types of transport vessels:
___________
_________
__________
1) Arteries
-Branch into smaller and _________ vessels called __________,
arterioles connect to the capillary bed
-Exhibit thick, _________ walls that can withstand high pressure
every time the heart contracts
-large, ____________ vessels with elastic, strong walls
-transport _________ pressure, __________ blood away from
the heart (exception to this is the _____________ artery which
carrier ___________ blood)
Made of three structural layers: outer, middle (thickest), and inner
(thinnest):
______ Layer: tough, fibrous connective tissue
______ Layer: alternating circular bands of elastic fibres and
smooth muscle tissue
_____ Layer: simple endothelial tissue (one cell thick)
-when the heart pumps, the wall of the arteries _______- it
expands and then snaps back, this is what you feel when you
take your pulse
-the arteries snap back to maintain blood _________.
-Contains about _____ of the blood of your systemic circulation
2) Veins
-Collect slow moving blood under _____
pressure- ______ beds branch into ______, which then branch into ______
-transport low pressure, __________ blood ____ the heart (exception to this is the
_____________ vein which carries oxygenated blood)
-Exhibit _______, less muscular walls with no elasticity, large inner circumference
-veins contain approximately ____ as much blood as arteries at any given time
-Presence of valves ensure the one way flow of blood to the ________; prevents
backflow, helps low pressure blood along its way
-also use the contraction of ________ muscles to pump blood and help its along
its way
-Contains about _______ of blood of your systemic circulation
Varicose Veins- broken _________ that don’t close properly cause the blood to
______ backward and pool, this may result in varicose veins
3)Capillaries
-Connect __________ and ____________
-Highly _____________
-only _____ endothelial cell layer thick (about 8µm)
-inner diameter is so _______ that red blood cells (rbc)
pass through in single file
-so ___________ that almost all of our 125 trillion cells lie
about 125 micrometers away from a capillary, this allows
rapid __________ of gases and nutrients between cells
and capillaries
-Blood moves slowly under _______ pressure to allow for
exchange with surrounding tissue