AP Vocabulary 3rd Quarter
2009-2010
SYNECDOCHE •  The use of a part to refer to the whole Examples: All hands on deck! Nice threads. Check out my new wheels. COLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE ASYNDETON •  Omission of conjuncLons between coordinate words, phrases, or clauses EXAMPLES: I came, I saw, I conquered. (J. Caesar) But in a larger sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. (A. Lincoln) TROCHEE •  The opposite of an iamb, a trochee is a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable •  Examples: Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater Double double toil and trouble Fire burn and cauldron bubble DACTYL •  Dactylic meter is a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables: Ex: Picture yourself in a boat on a river… (The Beatles!) Note: Opposite of anapesLc meter: ‘Twas the night before Christmas and all through the house… CHIASMUS •  A figure of speech using a “reversal” of phrases to make a larger point; a form of anLthesis Examples: Ask
not what your country can do for you,
but what you can do for your country.
It’s not the size of the dog in the fight but the size of the fight in the dog. Mankind must make an end to war or war will
make an end to mankind.
LITOTES •  A statement expressed by denying its opposite Examples: She is “not una_racLve.” = She is a_racLve It’s “not inconceivable.” = It’s possible! SYNTAX •  The rules of language and sentence structure. These vary from language to language, have changed over Lme, and may be altered for literary/poeLc effects. JARGON •  Language related to a profession or other small group Examples: RAM, blog, tweet, download bogey, birdie, par, fore Two Specialized Types of Poetry •  Epithalamium – a poem for a bride, or celebraLng marriage •  Pastoral – a poem that is about rural subjects or life in the country Two Kinds of PoeLc Structure •  Terza rima – a poem with an interlocking rhyme scheme of aba bcb cdc ded … (see “Ode to the West Wind” by Keats) •  Villanelle – a poeLc form consisLng of 19 lines – 5 tercets and a quatrain SCANSION •  The system of marking the pa_erns of meter in text CONCEIT •  An extended metaphor FARCE •  A comedy which entertains by means of improbable situaLons, mistaken idenLty, disguises; usually with a happy ending CARICATURE •  In literature, a descripLon of a person using exaggeraLon of some characterisLcs and oversimplificaLon of others ENJAMBMENT •  SomeLmes called a run‐on line, enjambment is the conLnuaLon of a syntacLc unit (phrase, clause, sentence) from one line of poetry to another i carry your heart with me (I carry it in my heart) I am never without it (anywhere I go you go, my dear and what ever is done by only me is your doing , my darling)… e.e. cummings PERSONA •  The role or personality assumed by the author to tell a story; the narrator (not to be confused with the author) JUXTAPOSITION •  The placement of two objects, images or elements next to each other to encourage comparison or contrast Stream of consciousness