The Physiological Effects of Alcohol Facilitators Guide
Below is a sample outline for presenting a chemical health meeting with the
“Physiological Effects of Alcohol” presentation. There are several ways you can present
this information. By choosing Auto Play, an eight minute segment of the “This Place”
video will show and then a 6 minute presentation will follow with additional information.
By choosing Manual you can manipulate through the materials and present them as you
would like. The CD and DVD also contain the full 15 minute “This Place” video. This
contains information on the physiological effects of use along with additional information
on steps a community can take to eliminate underage drinking.
1. Welcome
2. What are you doing here?
• We believe parents/guardians/other adults are the most important deterrent for
students regarding risk-taking behavior.
• (Feel free to insert your own opinion about the importance of this issue in team
development, personal development and health.)
• Survey data indicate that chemical use by adolescents in our country continues to
be a significant factor in their judgment and safety and that being involved in
athletics is a protective factor but is not enough to deter them from use.
3. Show “The Physiological Effects of Chemicals” presentation.
4. Your message:
• Here’s a place for you to insert your own opinion, values, expectations regarding
chemical use. There are really three messages to give.
•
I’m serious about chemical use: No tobacco, alcohol, or other drug use during any
part of the calendar year. This is not just our season, but the whole year!
•
Your behavior is a reflection on our whole team. Whether you’re practicing,
competing, going to class, or socializing, everyone knows you belong to this
team
•
It’s important that you stay clean.
•
If you can’t do that, there are people in this school who can help if you need it. See
(insert chemical health specialist or counselor information here).
5. What is the price?
• Playing time
• Losses
Captaincy
Honors/All Conference/ All Metro/All State
Trust
Respect
6. What are the rules?
• MSHSL Bylaw 205: During the calendar year, regardless of the quantity, a
student shall not: (1) use a beverage containing alcohol; (2) use tobacco; or, (3)
use or consume, have in possession, buy, sell, or give away any other controlled
substance or paraphernalia.
•
(Insert District Policy and additional rules.)
7. Penalty:
• First violation: Loss of eligibility for the next two consecutive interscholastic
contests or two weeks of a season in which the student is a participant, whichever
is greater. No exception is permitted for a student who becomes a treatment
program.
•
Second violation: Loss of eligibility for the next 6 consecutive interscholastic
contests or three weeks whichever is greater.
•
Third violation: Loss of eligibility for the next 12 contests or 4 weeks whichever
is greater.
•
Accumulation of penalties. Penalties shall be accumulative beginning with the
student’s first participation in a League activity and continuing through the
student’s high school career.
•
Denial Disqualification: A student shall be disqualified from all interscholastic
athletics for 9 additional weeks beyond the student’s original period of
ineligibility when the student denies violation of the rule, is allowed to participate
and then is subsequently found guilty of the violation.
•
(Insert District Policy and additional rules.)
8. How parents will be included:
•
(Insert District Policy in regards to parental involvement if there is a violation.)
9. Thanks for coming!
COACHES GUIDE
What you need to know about Alcohol, Tobacco and other Drugs
Facts Every Coach Should Know ___________________________________ 2
Where Do Most Teens Get Alcohol _________________________________ 3
Why Athletes Use Drugs __________________________________________ 4
How To Tell Your Athlete May Be Using _____________________________ 5
Why Young People Should Not Drink Alcohol ________________________ 6
Practical Tips For a Successful Drug Prevention Program______________ 7
The Big Three ___________________________________________________ 9
Teach You Athletes to Say No to Alcohol ___________________________ 11
Personal and Group Guidelines ___________________________________ 12
Common Drugs of Abuse_________________________________________ 13
Thriving With Your Team _________________________________________ 15
How Coaches Enable Alcohol and Drug Use ________________________ 16
Responsibilities of the Coach _____________________________________ 17
Pre-Season Meeting-Consequences _______________________________ 18
Pre-Season Meeting-Teen Social Guidelines ________________________ 20
Sample Coaches Pledge _________________________________________ 22
Sample Students Pledge _________________________________________ 23
Special thanks to MarySue Hansen, Lyle Helke, Judy Voight, Judy Hanson, Lee Oling, Paul Anderson, Michele Edwards, Lisa
Hoogheem, Sharon MacDonald and Mary Eigner
Disclaimer: The information in this table is to serve as a guide. To verify the accuracy of the information and to be certain of current
laws, ordinances and school policies, contact your local law enforcement agency, city government, school, or other appropriate agency.
Facts Every Coach Should Know
♦
The drug teens are most likely to use and abuse is alcohol.
♦
Children rarely try marijuana, cocaine, heroin, or any of the "hard" drugs without first using
alcohol and tobacco.
♦
Children of alcoholics have a 4 to 10 time’s greater risk of becoming alcoholics than
children of non-alcoholics.
♦
More than 15-20% of all children will be classified as serious substance abusers before they
reach adulthood.
♦
Adolescents can become addicted to alcohol in a short amount of time.
♦
The younger the age of drinking onset, the greater the chance of becoming an alcoholic. A
child who starts using by age 15 has a 40% chance of having an alcohol problem; and by
age 17 has a 25% chance of having an alcohol problem.
♦
Elementary aged children who have learning or behavioral problems that go unresolved are
at statistically greater risk for alcohol and/or drug problems later on.
♦
Today's marijuana is 10-20 times stronger than the marijuana used in the 60’s and 70’s.
When preparing to discuss an issue with a
student-athlete, think of the following:
I CARE
I SEE
I LISTEN
I WANT
I WILL
I CARE about you!
I SEE what is happening.
I LISTEN - what are your thoughts and feelings?
I WANT to help.
I WILL check in with you.
2
Where do most teens
get alcohol?
From ADULTS
Make Sure You Are NOT One of Them!
1.
2.
3.
Never Provide
Alcohol to
Teenagers
Teens say that adults are their primary source of alcohol: at home, in bars and
restaurants, in stores, or on the street.
If you provide alcohol to anyone under the age of 21, you could go to jail for
up to one year and pay up to $3,000 in fines.
If you give teens alcohol and they get hurt or hurt someone else, you can be
held legally responsible.
If you keep alcohol in your home, make sure no one under age 21 has access
to it.
Underage
Drinking is
Illegal &
Unsafe
Teens who drink are more likely to have a car crash, get into a fight, have
unsafe sex, or experience problems in school.
It is against the law for anyone under 21 to possess alcohol. They can be
arrested for alcohol possession.
Teen alcohol use is dangerous; it is not a rite of passage into adulthood.
Parents Can
Prevent
Underage
Alcohol Use
Never buy alcohol for your teen, their friends, or anyone under 21.
Do not allow your teen to have parties with alcohol on your property.
Tell your teen that is against family rules for them to drink alcohol.
If you chose to use alcohol, use it responsibly. You are your child’s role
model.
Let law enforcement know about any establishments or people providing
alcohol to anyone under 21.
Developed by: Because
It Matters, Hennepin County Community Health Department, Community Prevention Coalition of
Hennepin County, Minneapolis Department of Health & Family Support
3
Why Athletes Use Alcohol and Drugs
Coaches need to be aware of why athletes -- perhaps even their own players -- may
be using alcohol and other drugs. Athletes can be overwhelmed by pressure:
• Pressure to win.
• Pressure to perform well.
• Pressure to maintain a "cool" image.
When athletes use alcohol or other drugs, they feel the same “high” that is
experienced after they win a big game. Sometimes when they come off the playing
field, they want to experience that good feeling by turning to a mood-altering drug.
If their team has lost the game, they may replace their depressed feelings with
something that feels good. Many of them turn to alcohol; some of them turn to
other drugs.
Medical studies show that the use of alcohol and other drugs by athletes’ affects
their participation in sports, their social development, and their academic
development. Even more alarming, athletes report that there are few “casual”
drinkers or users among them. They confirm that when teenagers drink, three
things happen:
1. They drink until they pass out or get sick.
2. They drink until the alcohol runs out.
3. They drink to get drunk.
Alcohol and most drugs interfere with an athlete’s physical and mental abilities.
4
HOW CAN I TELL IF A STUDENT-ATHLETE IS
USING ALCOHOL OR DRUGS?
BEHAVIOR CLUES
EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR
PHYSICAL BEHAVIOR
Do they show great mood shifts – depressed
one day, animated the next, with temper
outbursts over small incidents?
Do they seem highly nervous? Has their
attention span decreased? Do they avoid eye
contact?
Are they antagonistic toward all authority
figures? Are they verbally or even physically
abusive to team members? Do they
constantly create team disturbances?
Has your student-athlete ever run away from
home or threatened to commit suicide? In
extreme states of chemical dependence,
adolescents may use a suicide attempt to
escape from their despair and lack of control
over their lives. These are usually cries for
h l f
d l
t h f l h
l
Do they appear overly tired – fatigued or
sluggish?
Do they chew gum constantly and use
mouthwash regularly?
Do they show symptoms of health problems –
hacking cough, persistent acne, weight loss,
colds, or other infections?
Is there a loss of attention span?
Do they exhibit an excessive amount of
energy?
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Are there noticeable changes in behavior, personality, performance, and participation at school? Are there
discipline problems at school?
Are they often broke or do they have more money than seems reasonable? Have they been caught or
accused of stealing?
Have they recently changed friends? Are they hanging around a group considered “trouble” by other
adults?
Do they regularly isolate themselves from other team members?
Have they received citations for breaking the law?
Do they often cut classes?
Have they become irresponsible, unable to carry out team responsibilities?
Have they dropped out of previously enjoyed activities, sports, or hobbies?
Have they experienced disciplinary action in school or at school activities related to substance use?
Has the student-athlete recently been injured where pain relievers have been prescribed?
Are they late for practice and other team meetings?
5
Reasons Why Young People Should Not Drink Alcohol
Although drinking alcohol is illegal for adolescents, there are adults who view it as innocent,
“every kid tries it” behavior. Some adults even provide the alcohol! Because growing
bodies are so sensitive to the effects of alcohol, youth are at a much greater risk than
adults for emotional and physical harm.
Discuss these reasons with your student-athletes.
1. Alcohol is linked to the high
death rate among adolescents.
2. Alcoholism in teens can develop
very rapidly.
3. Teenagers are still developing
physically.
4. Teenagers are still developing
emotionally.
5. Adolescents usually drink to get
drunk.
6. There is no "safe" dose of alcohol
for young people.
7. Tobacco and alcohol are
considered "gateway drugs".
Alcohol related motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among
Americans ages 15-24. Of all age groups, only 15-24 year olds have an
increased death rate because of car crashes, suicides, and homicides, most
of which are drug or alcohol related, and all of which are preventable and
unnatural causes of death.
It can develop within a matter of months of taking that first drink. The
younger a person is when he or she starts drinking the greater their chances
of becoming an alcoholic or experiencing alcohol abuse during their life. Of
those who start by 15, 40% go on to have these problems. 25% of the people
who start by 17 have this problem whereas those who wait until 21 only have
a 10% chance of experiencing alcoholism or alcohol abuse.
Adolescence is a period of rapid growth. The brain, nervous system,
reproductive system, and liver are still maturing. The body and muscle mass
is incomplete and much more sensitive to alcohol as well as the chemicals in
drugs. The younger a child is when he or she starts using alcohol, the greater
the chance of becoming an alcoholic and/or suffering harmful physical,
psychological, and emotional effects.
A young person is forming a sense of personal identity and is learning basic
social skills. Alcohol disrupts this process by producing a chemical "high"
that affects the process of learning how to deal with others, how to carry
out responsibilities, and how to handle problems. Problem drinkers cease
growing up-mentally, emotionally, and socially.
Most kids do not drink socially - they binge drink - they drink to get "buzzed"
or "wasted". The teenage party focus is often on drinking and many of these
parties have little or no parental supervision.
Any level of alcohol in the body of a young person puts him or her at risk.
These chemicals are most likely used before experimenting with other more
addictive drugs.
When it comes to dangerous substances like alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, don’t assume
that your student-athletes know where you stand.
They want you to talk to them.
State your position clearly; if you are ambiguous, student-athletes may be tempted to use.
Tell your student-athletes that you forbid them to use alcohol as well as tobacco and other
drugs.
Share with them how young people are at greater risks using alcohol than adults - refer to the
list above.
6
Practical Tips for a Successful Drug Prevention Program
1. Use Your Team Leaders. Meet with all your captains and talk about the use of alcohol and drugs.
• Ask the captains to make a commitment to work together to ensure that their teammates abide by the
training rules during the sport season.
• Meet with your captains regularly.
2. Regular and Honest Communication. Talk openly and honestly with your team about alcohol, drugs,
and steroids, at least once a week. Student-athletes should know the full and accurate story about alcohol
and drug use. Only with this information can they make healthy choices.
• Talk about past and present substance abuse incidents.
• Keep the alcohol and drug-free message before them throughout the year.
• Communicate with your student-athletes that you really care about their chemical use decisions.
Students need to know that adults care about their good health.
3. Positive Peer Pressure. In order for your drug prevention program to be effective it is essential that you
encourage your student-athletes to use positive peer pressure with their teammates.
• Ask your student-athletes to turn negative peer pressure around – to pressure teammates and friends to
avoid drugs, including alcohol.
• Team members have the right to apply positive peer pressure with teammates who are already following
the rules. If some team members violate the training rules, the rest of the team can experience serious
morale problems.
4. Training Rule Enforcement. This is a very important part of the program.
• Report all violations to your athletic/activities director.
• Don’t give special preferential treatment to the stars.
• Be firm, but be empathetic with a student who is reprimanded. Let your student-athlete know that you
know how they feel. Let them know you care.
5. Recognize the Signs. Know the signs and symptoms of the use of alcohol and drugs.
• Mood swings from very high to very low.
• Changes in personality.
• Apathetic and listless behavior.
• Loss of coordination.
• Red eyes or frequent use of sunglasses.
• Excessive sweating.
• Tardy to practices or games, or missing practice or games.
• Sudden drop in grades.
• Change in group of friends.
• Lots of talk about alcohol and other drugs.
• Dropping out of activities.
• Frequent visits to the school nurse.
• Hyperactivity or nervousness.
• Neglected hygiene.
• Subtle cries for help. Listen to them; they’ll tell you they have problems.
7
Know the signs and symptoms of steroid use
• Abnormal weight gain.
• Dramatically increased muscular definition.
• Severe acne.
• Loss of hair.
• Increased aggressiveness.
• Breast development in males.
• Problems with menstrual cycle in females.
**Note: The existence of one or more of the preceding symptoms does not necessarily mean that a student is
using alcohol, steroids, or other drugs, but these signs and symptoms send up a signal that something is
wrong. Don’t jump to conclusions. Do take the necessary steps to investigate the cause or causes of
significant changes or symptoms.
6. Be Fair to Everyone. Treat substitute student-athletes with the same praise and respect as starting
student-athletes. Give everyone the same positive feedback. Likewise, the team rules must apply to
everyone.
7. Be Prepared. Have a definite plan ready when one of your student-athletes is suspended for the use of
alcohol, drugs or steroids. Make sure that your students know the consequence of their actions.
• Investigate the incident. Talk to your athletic/activities director, then go to the principal.
• Involve the student’s family. If recovery does not involve the family, the recovery rate is 1 in 20. If the
recovery involves the family, the recovery rate is 1 in 2.
8. Talk immediately with the Student-athlete. When you overhear students talking about a studentathlete who has broken training rules, immediately discuss the situation with the student-athlete.
• Confront the student-athlete and tell them their behavior is inappropriate and against the rules.
• Explain the consequences of their actions.
• Tell them that you care about them.
9. Follow Up with Assistance. After you discipline your student-athlete, offer your help. It is important
for the student-athlete to know that you do not disapprove of them; you disapprove of what happened. You
are not going to reject them. After they have been disciplined, they need your help to regain their dignity
and get their life in order. Call your student-athlete at home to let them know you care.
10. Parental Cooperation. Be honest in describing the alcohol and drug situation at your school.
• Make sure parents are aware of the training rules and consequences.
• Be available to answer their questions or address their concerns.
• Find ways for them to become involved in your program.
11. Promote Healthy Activities. Promote healthy, chemical-free activities for student-athletes. Ask your
team members for suggestions. They need to be active in the decision making process. Ask the Booster
Club to help organize “fifth quarter” (after the event) activities.
12. Be a Good Role Model. Your actions speak louder than your words.
• A word of caution; if a student-athlete confides in you, you must not promise them that you will hold
your discussion confidential. Tell them up front that you are interested in what is best for them.
Encourage them to talk; but let them know that you can’t help if you are bound to secrecy. Remind
them of the commitment they made to be chemically free and that there are consequences for breaking
that commitment.
8
THE BIG THREE
Alcohol – Marijuana - Tobacco
These are the drugs that young people most often use.
Each of them can be destructive.
The use of any one may "open the door" to other drug use.
Alcohol
♦ The most widely used drug among teenagers is alcohol.
♦ Like cigarettes, it frequently leads to other forms of drug use and addiction.
♦ Drinking is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. (after heart disease and
cancer).
♦ Alcohol–related motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among 15-24
year-olds.
♦ Long term effects of heavy alcohol use include:
•
•
•
•
•
loss of appetite
vitamin deficiencies
stomach ailments
skin problems
sexual impotence
• liver damage
• heart and central nervous system
damage
• memory loss
Marijuana
♦ Today’s marijuana is 10-20 times more potent than that used in the 1960s & 70s.
♦ The active ingredient in marijuana (THC) accumulates in the body.
♦ It takes 3-6 weeks for the body to get rid of the chemicals from just one
marijuana joint. Those who smoke more continue to build up these chemicals.
♦ Long-term use of marijuana adversely affects the lungs, heart, brain, reproductive
system, and the ody’s immune response to infections and disease. The younger the
user, the more damaging the effects.
♦ It is rare for young people to use any other illegal drug without having first used
marijuana.
9
Tobacco
♦ Cigarettes are highly addictive. One-third of young people who are just
“experimenting” end up being addicted by the time they are 20.
♦ Addiction to cigarettes frequently leads to other forms of drug use and addiction.
♦ Nearly one in five high school males use chewing tobacco. Continuous intake of
chewing tobacco leads to various oral cancers and a whole host of other diseases.
♦ 75% of adult smokers started by the age of 14 and 90% started by the age of 18.
♦ The risks associated with smoking cigarettes are:
•
•
•
•
•
diminished sense of smell and taste
gastric ulcers
increase in heart rate
premature and more abundant face
wrinkles
cancer of the mouth, larynx, pharynx,
esophagus, lungs, pancreas, cervix,
uterus, and bladder
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
frequent colds
smoker’s cough
chronic bronchitis
increase in heart rate and blood pressure
emphysema
heart disease
premature death
Coaches must be aware that young people are especially
sensitive and susceptible to the chemicals in drugs.
Coaches must understand that experimentation with
tobacco/alcohol/drugs may progress from casual use, to
heavier use, and finally, to dependency.
10
Teach your Athletes to Say No to Alcohol,
Steroids and Other Drugs
Athletes and other students are confronted almost daily with the decision to use
alcohol and other drugs. They need the coach’s help to learn how to say “NO” to
the pressure to drink alcohol or use drugs. It is not hard to teach your athletes how
to say “NO”. Ask them to visualize specific situations in which they have to make
a decision about chemical use, and then ask them how they would say “NO” in
each situation.
1. “No, I don’t want any….” And if that doesn’t work the first time, say
it again “No way!”
2. “No, I’m just not interested.”
3. “No, I signed a pledge and made a commitment to my
team.”
4. Just walk away.
5. Avoid the situation. Stay away from people who drink or use drugs.
6. Change the subject. “No, I don’t want any. By the way, did
you see the game on TV? last night?”
7. “I know that stuff is not safe….let’s go talk to coach about it.”
In order to teach your athletes how to say “NO”, they have to be prepared for the
situation. They have to think ahead. It helps to rehearse a response before the
athlete is confronted with the decision. Talk to your athletes every week about how
to say “NO”.
11
Suggested Guidelines for Alcohol,
Tobacco, & Other Drugs Use
The need for guidelines about alcohol and other drug use is clear. Responsibility for
establishing and following them is shared by all of us. Parents, students, faculty
members, law enforcement, coaches and other adults all have a role to play.
•
•
•
•
•
We can affirm the right of adults to drink alcohol safely and wisely.
We can share our concerns with those that drink or use other drugs illegally or
inappropriately.
We can support those who choose not to drink.
We can be compassionate to those whose lives have been affected by alcoholism and other
drug-related problems.
Lastly, we can encourage discussion about alcohol use and be role models for healthy and
appropriate choices about whether, when, and how to drink.
The following are examples that people can use in developing personal, family and group
guidelines. They help to evaluate alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use that is healthy or
unhealthy, low risk or high risk, appropriate or inappropriate, and necessary or unnecessary.
The use of alcohol is a personal choice for those 21 & older. No one should be pressured to
drink or not to drink, or made to feel uneasy or embarrassed because of a personal choice.
Illegal drug use has specific health, legal and ethical risks and should be avoided and
discouraged.
Examples include:
♦ dosage is unpredictable
♦ purity is unpredictable
criminal record can ensue
Factors that influence the effects of alcohol include:
♦ Weight
♦ Strength and number of
drinks
♦ Time between drinks
♦ Food eaten
♦ Age
♦ Fatigue
♦ Emotional state
♦ Gender
Medications should only be used as prescribed or according to directions.
Avoid situations where someone else’s alcohol, tobacco or other drug use may put you at
risk. Never ride with an impaired or intoxicated driver.
12
COMMON DRUGS OF ABUSE
DRUG TYPES/NAMES
PHYSICAL SIGNS OF USE AND
ASSOCIATED PARAPHERNALIA
BEHAVIOR AND
SIGNS OF USE
ALCOHOL
Beer, distilled spirits (whiskey,
vodka, gin, rum, brandy), wine
Slang includes: booze, juice, brew
Dilated pupils, odor of alcohol on
breath, slowed reactions, slurred
speech, loss of consciousness, loss
of coordination, nausea, vomiting
and staggering.
"Blackouts", loss of inhibitions,
mood changes and poor
judgment.
Animated behavior, bloodshot eyes,
dilated pupils, loss of coordination,
persistent cough or respiratory
infection and increased appetite.
Apathy, distortions in depth and
time perception, impaired
concentration and short-term
memory, inappropriate or
uncontrollable laughter/ loud
talking, followed by sleepiness
despite adequate rest,
hallucinations, loss of interest in
normal activities, irritability or
"crankiness".
CANNABIS
Marijuana, Hashish, Hash Oil
Slang includes: Acapulco gold or
red, Aunt Mary, ditch, dope, flower,
gange, grass, greeter, griff, hay,
hemp, herb, home grown, hooch,
jay, M, Mary Ann, Mary Jane, MJ,
MO, poke, pod, pot, reefer,
roaches, rope, root, sasfras,
sinsimilla, skunk, stack, stick straw,
sweet Lucy, tea, torch, weed
Strong odor of burning rope or plant
material, rolling papers, small pipes,
"roach clips", water pipes, small
brass tubes ("one hitters" "dugout")
and eye drops for clearing up
bloodshot eyes, certain types of
cigars “blunts”.
DEPRESSANTS
Slurred speech, lack of coordination,
shallow and slow breathing,
staggering, stumbling, alcohol-like
intoxication and passing out.
Impaired judgment, sloppy,
mawkish, "drunken" behavior
(without odor of alcohol on
breath), possible aggressiveness
and belligerence, "blackouts"
frequent auto accidents or other
physical mishaps.
LSD, Mescaline, PCP, Peyote,
Psilocybin, “Designer Drugs”, Club
Drugs, Phencyclidine analogs,
Amphetamine variants
Abnormal eye movements, dilated
pupils, increased blood pressure,
increase in body temperature,
sweating, lack of coordination and
loss of sensitivity to pain.
Slang includes:
LSD: acid, blotter, contact lense,
crackers, windowpane, microdot,
cid, purple haze, sydney
Small squares of plastic or paper
with imprinted designs and small
colored tablets or capsules.
Hallucinations (trips), confusion,
disorientation, panic reactions,
inappropriate laughing or crying.
Withdrawal, confusion,
disorientation, bizarre behavior,
aggressive, hyperactivity,
alternating with stupor, extreme
depersonalization and "burnout".
Barbiturates, hypnotics,
mathaqualone, sedatives,
tranquilizers, Rohypnol, GHB,
GBL, Slang includes: downers,
beans, reds, red devils, stumblers,
ludes, 714's, goofballs, soaps,
roofies
HALLUCINOGENS
PCP: angel dust, tic/tac, peace
pill, dust, sherman, crystal, “T”,
THC”, hog, zoot, goon embalming
fluid, rocket fuel
Ecstacy: “ETC”, “X”
13
INHALANTS
Air freshener, butane, correction
fluid, deodorant and other
aerosols, gasoline and toluene
vapors, marking pens, model
airplane and other glue,
refrigeration freon, amyl and butyl
nitrate
Nasal irritation, rapid or erratic
pulse, lack of coordination,
headache.
Rags saturated with substance in
questions, possession of containers
or solvents for no apparent reason.
Confusion, "drunken," behavior,
hallucinations, aggressiveness,
hyperactivity, uncontrollable body
tremors sleepiness and memory
loss.
Slang includes: air blast, bullet
bolt hippie crack, huff, oz, poppers,
spray
OPIATES
Codeine, morphine and other
prescription painkillers, Heroin
Slang include: big H, smack, junk,
horse, dope
Pinpoint pupils, shallow and slow
breathing and sleepiness.
Needles, syringes and eyedroppers
if drug is administered by injection.
Euphoria, dreamy, unresponsive
and relaxed behavior.
Rapid increase in muscle mass,
severe acne, purple or red spots,
unexplained darkness of skin,
jaundice, stunted growth and
swelling of feet or lower legs.
Increased combativeness and
aggressiveness or “Roid rage”
(aggressive behavior caused by
excessive steroid use).
Amphetamines Slang includes:
speed, white crosses, zip,
dexies, meth, wide-eye, ice,
crank (see below)
Decreased appetite, dilated pupils,
elevated blood pressure, excessive
talking, hyperactivity, increased
heart and respiratory rates,
insomnia, rapid breathing and
weight loss.
Inexplicable mood swings (elation
to depression), nervousness,
compulsive repetitive behavior,
auditory hallucinations and
paranoid thinking after heavy use.
Cocaine Slang includes: blow,
coke, flake, gel, nose, snow,
toot, vitamin "C"
Nasal irritation, running or bleeding
nose, dilated pupils, rapid
respiration and hyperactivity. Quick
high (5-20 minutes). One use can
cause death.
Severe “mood swings” and
irritability (elation to depression
and back to elation within one
hour), lack of money due to high
cost of drug. Paranoid, psychotic
behavior, similar to
amphetamines after prolonged
use.
STEROIDS
Dianabol, Nandrolone
Three types: Anabokic (male
hormone), Cotical, Estrogenic
(female hormones)
Slang include: Georgia Home Boy
(GHB), Juice, stacking.
STIMULANTS
Razor blades, small mirrors, straws
and screens for pulverizing cocaine
crystals.
Crack Slang includes: Apple
jacks, beemers, BJs, "Crack
cocaine", freebase rocks, rock
Similar to cocaine, instantly
addictive. One use could cause fatal
heart attack, quick high (only a few
minutes) power and euphoria.
Glass pipes for smoking, butane
torch and glass vials.
(Same as above except more
extreme)
Crank / Ice Methamphetamine,
synthetic product
Slang includes: meth, crystal
Extremely addictive. Can cause
convulsions, heart irregularities, high
blood pressure and insomnia.
Depression, restlessness, jittery
high along with anxiety and
sometimes paranoia.
For more information go to the Office of National Drug Control Policy web site: http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov
14
Remember These 10 Ideas…
for Adults Who Care About Teens
1.
2.
Care about your team, and let them know it.
When a member of your team messes up, discuss
alternative ways to handle the situation
3. Tell your team what is good about them. Tell
them often.
4. Build Trust. Know the rules and be consistent.
5. Listen. Really, really listen.
6. Show respect. Acknowledge your athletes
feelings, their ideas – even their complaints.
7. Help your athletes belong. Kids with a community
behind them are more secure and successful.
8. Seek support from other coaches. Remember, you
don’t have to do it Alone.
9. Don’t give up. It takes time to build
relationships with teens, but it’s worth it.
10. Teach joy. Every young person deserves to look
forward to a good day.
Ten Ways to Build Strong Teams
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Respect your athletes
Trust your athlete’s judgment
Talk to your team
Listen to your team
Share your joys and worries
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Be a positive role model
Set rules and standards
Get to know your athlete’s friends
Be interested in school and activities
Spend time participating in team building
activities
As coaches, we try to do what is best for our athletes. But sometimes the things that we do
actually make it easier for athletes to use mood-altering chemicals. This list includes enabling
behaviors used by coaches that may actually encourage young people to use alcohol and other
drugs.
Don't -- Pretend that you did not hear an athlete discussing plans for a party that will
involve alcohol or drugs.
Do -- Immediately address the problem with the athlete and tell him or her that the plans
are inappropriate and unacceptable for any member of your team. Tell the athlete that you
are concerned and that you care. Ask if he or she needs any help. Tell him or her that
drug use weakens an athlete's body and increases the risk of motor vehicle and other
accidents. It's important for coaches to take an active part in their players' lives -- both on
and off the field. Positive role models are needed in our children's lives, and coaches have
a special opportunity to deliver a powerful and consistent message about the dangers of
drugs.
Don't -- Choose to ignore the smell of marijuana.
Do -- Confront the athlete immediately. Make sure that he or she knows that you know. If
you fail to act, the athlete may assume that this behavior is OK or that you don't care.
Explain that marijuana is illegal and that the athlete can be arrested or suspended from
school and sports for using it.
Don't -- Avoid enforcing rules -- or enforce them selectively.
Do --Be firm, set limits, and stick to them. Be sure that the rules you set are helpful in
changing an athlete's behavior. Don't alienate or stigmatize athletes; engage them in the
rulemaking.
Don't -- Ignore drug use because the team "needs" a particular athlete to play.
Do -- Set rules and enforce them consistently. Once you look away, team morale will
suffer, as will your leadership. By opting to look the other way, you also fail in your
responsibility to the athlete. Emphasize that the same rules apply to all team members
and that you, as a coach, have a responsibility to enforce rules consistently.
Don't -- Ignore drug use by the coaching staff. You are a role model.
Do -- Ensure that everyone on your staff sets a good example. Your players will heed not
just what you say, but what you do.
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Responsibilities of the Coach
You are not only a coach, your are also a teacher. As an adult, your primary concern is your
responsibility toward the young people whose lives you strongly influence. That doesn’t mean
that you have to be a trained counselor. You don’t have to be an expert in treating problems,
but you must be able to recognize the signs of alcohol, drug and steroid use.
1. You are responsible for communicating MSHSL and school policies and procedures about
substance abuse to ensure that members of your team, as well as other students, clearly
understand the policies and consequences.
2. You are responsible for developing and implementing measures to eliminate the use of
alcohol and other drugs on school premises, at school functions, and at athletic events.
3. You must be sensitive to those students who work hard but fail to make the team, and to let
other adults in the school know why a student-athlete might be feeling rejected. Treat
student-athletes who don’t make your team with the dignity and respect they deserve.
4. You must be empathetic to students who have already been affected by problems with
alcohol and other drugs. If a student comes from a family where there is substance abuse, he
or she is probably not getting the support they need from home. Consult with a school
counselor or chemical specialist to discover what types of help is most appropriate.
5. You are the person who is trusted by your student-athletes. You would send a student who is
struggling with math to a trained person who can help. Likewise, you need to send someone
who is having problems with drugs or alcohol to someone who is trained to help. It is your
responsibility to know how and where your student-athletes can get help; for example,
school counselors, chemical health specialists, drug abuse coordinators or local agencies that
help young people with drug and alcohol abuse. Refer to the list of resources in this
document for help.
6. When a recovering student-athlete returns to the team after treatment, it is your
responsibility to understand the student-athletes special needs.
7. Emphasize to other team members the importance of accepting the recovering studentathlete. Ask them to show their support for the student’s drug-free commitment. Make sure
the student-athlete knows that they can talk with you whenever they feel tempted to return to
old habits. Let them know that you are proud of their strength and courage to make a
positive change in their life.
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Local, State, School, Athletic & Insurance
Consequences Youth & Parents Need to Know
Civil Action May Be Taken Against Persons Who Provided
Alcohol to a Minor Under Certain Circumstances
“Kevin’s Law” Allows for a Civil Cause of Action by Injured Parties Against Persons Providing Alcohol
to Minors and/or Allowing Minors to Become Intoxicated Under Certain Circumstances:
340A.90 Civil action; intoxication of person under age 21. Subdivision 1. Right of action.
A spouse, child, parent, guardian, employer, or other person injured in person, property, or means of support, or
who incurs other pecuniary loss, by an intoxicated person under 21 years of age or by the intoxication of
another person under 21 years of age, has for all damages sustained a right of action in the person's own name
against a person who is 21 years or older who:
(1) had control over the premises and, being in a reasonable position to prevent the consumption of alcoholic
beverages by that person, knowingly or recklessly permitted that consumption and the consumption caused
the intoxication of that person; or
(2) sold, bartered, furnished or gave to, or purchased for a person under the age of 21 years alcoholic beverages
that caused the intoxication of that person.
Minnesota State High School League
Bylaw 205.00: During the Calendar year, regardless of the quantity, a student shall not:
1. Use tobacco
2. Use a beverage containing alcohol
3. Use or consume, have in possession, buy, sell or give away any other controlled substance.
This bylaw applies to the 12-month calendar year.
It is not a violation for a student to be in possession of a controlled substance specifically prescribed for the student’s own use by
her/his doctor.
Penalty
1st Violation
2nd Violation
3rd and
Subsequent
Violations
Accumulative
Penalties
After confirmation of the first violation, the student shall lose eligibility for the next two (2) consecutive
interscholastic contests and two (2) weeks of a season in which the student is a participant, whichever is
greater. No exception is permitted for a student who becomes a participant in a treatment program.
After confirmation of the second violation, the student shall lose eligibility for the next six (6)
consecutive interscholastic contests in which the student is a participant or three (3) weeks, whichever is
greater. No exception is permitted for a student who becomes a participant in a treatment program.
After confirmation of the third or subsequent violations, the student shall, lose eligibility for the next
twelve (12) consecutive interscholastic contests in which the student is a participant or four (4) weeks,
whichever is greater. If after the third or subsequent violations, the student has been assessed to be
chemically dependent and the student on her/his own volition becomes a participant in a chemical
dependency program or treatment program, then, the student may be certified for reinstatement in
MSHSL activities after a minimum period of six (6) weeks. The director or a counselor of a chemical
dependency treatment center must issue such certification.
Penalties shall be accumulative beginning with the student’s first participation in a League activity and
continuing through the student’s high school career.
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Denial
Disqualification
A student shall be disqualified from all inter-scholastic athletics for nine (9) additional weeks beyond the
student’s original period of ineligibility when the student denies violation of the rule is allowed to
participate and then is subsequently found guilty of the violation.
School Notification
When a student has contact with police due to an alcohol offense, police must notify the student’s school of the contact. Schools
have their own policies and consequences that they implement as well as the State High School League.
Consumption or Possession of Alcohol by a Minor
It is against the law for anyone under the age of 21 years to purchase, consume, possess, or misrepresent their age or use their
license in order to purchase alcoholic beverages.
It is against the law for a minor to transport unopened intoxicants.
Sale of Alcoholic Beverages to a Minor
It is unlawful for any person to sell, barter, furnish, or give alcoholic beverages to a person under 21 years of age.
This is a Gross Misdemeanor punishable by up to a year in jail and a $3,000 fine. Seller can also receive fines from the city.
Driving While Impaired* - DWI
*Impairment by alcohol, drugs or any combination of alcohol & drugs
First conviction (no crash or injuries)
Misdemeanor – 90 days in jail $700 fine.
Second or additional convictions
Gross Misdemeanor – 1 year in jail, $3,000 fine.
Felony – imprisonment depends on the seriousness of injuries.
If crash and any injuries may result in “Criminal Vehicle
Operation”.
Driving Record
Any conviction for an alcohol related violation stays on your driver’s license record.
Any alcohol conviction is used for plate or vehicle impoundment.
The record doesn’t go away when a person turns 18. Driver license records are public documents.
Driver’s license records are available to employers and may affect your life even 15 years after the conviction even if not seeking
a driving job. A DWI is considered a defect in judgment.
Vehicle Insurance
Most insurance companies consider a .04 blood alcohol conviction by a minor the same as a DWI.
All Insurance companies consider alcohol related Careless Driving the same as a DWI conviction.
Rates will be affected for years. It is considered a risk factor.
Risk insurance can cost up to $500 per month.
Marijuana Laws
It is against the law for anyone to sell, purchase use of possess marijuana. Possessions or sale of a small amount (42.5 grams or
less) is considered a petty misdemeanor.
It is a misdemeanor to possess more than 1.4 grams of marijuana in a motor vehicle.
It is against the law to possess drug paraphernalia if the paraphernalia has been used and has residue on it from illegal drugs.
Tobacco Laws
It is against the law for anyone under the age of 18 years to purchase possess or use tobacco products.
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As of August 1, 1997, youth who commit a 2nd tobacco offense may lose their driver’s license or be unable to apply for a driver’s
license for up to a year. Youth who use their driver’s license, permit or Minnesota I.D. to purchase or attempt to purchase
tobacco may lose the license for 90 days.
A person who lends a driver’s license to another who then tries to buy tobacco may lose their license for 90 days.
It is unlawful to sell tobacco to a person under the age of 18 years.
Pre-Season Meeting: A Parents Guide to Social Activities
HOSTING A PARTY
An adult should be present throughout
the party
As a parent you can offer snacks, non-alcoholic beverages, etc. Not only will your visibility
help keep the party running smoothly, it will also give you an opportunity to meet your teen's
friends.
When possible, do not have a party in a separate part of the house. When it is in the main flow
of the home, your presence will seem more natural and non-obtrusive.
You may want to designate another responsible adult to help chaperone the party.
Alcohol or other drugs should not be
served or allowed
Be alert to the signs of alcohol or other drug use.
Explain to your teen that you are legally responsible, criminally and civilly, for anything that
happens to a minor who has been served alcohol or other drugs in your home.
Uninvited guests or those bringing in alcohol or other drugs should be asked to leave. Be ready
to notify the parents to ensure their safe transportation home.
Anyone who leaves the party should
be asked not to return
This will discourage people from leaving with the intent to drink and/or use other drugs and
return to the party.
Encourage small parties
Keep parties small (10-15 per adult). Send out invitations. Go over plans with your teen prior
to the event.
Avoid open-house parties. This type of party limits the control of both parent and teen over the
party.
Keep a guest list – only those with invitations or who are on the guest list should enter the
house.
Encourage your teen to plan organized group activities or games.
Set time limits, which will enable teens to be home before the curfew.
Set ground rules with your teen
beforehand
This will give you both an opportunity to express feelings and concerns.
Let your teen know your expectations of him/her.
Help your teen understand your philosophy of non-alcohol and non-drug parties.
Plan to have plenty of food and nonalcoholic drinks
Teen favorites are pizza, tacos and subs and making these can be part of the fun.
Graduation parties
These parties require special planning because of the unusual mix of ages and relationships.
Many parents have decided not to serve alcohol at parties given for teenagers, even if adults
attend them.
ATTENDING A PARTY
Call the parent/s of the host/hostess to
Offer assistance, verify the occasion, and be certain that there will be no alcohol or
other drugs permitted.
Confirm that an adult will be present and will periodically be present.
Know where your teen will be
Have the address and phone number of the party giver.
Know how your teen will get to and from the party.
Assure your teen that you or a specified person can be called if he/she needs a ride home.
Discuss with your teen the possible situations, which might necessitate a call home.
Be awake or have your teen wake you
when he/she arrives home
This can be a good way to check the time and talk about the evening.
A routine hug given to your child each time they arrive home may help keep them from using
tobacco, alcohol or other drugs while they are away. You would be apt to smell it or see their
blood shot eyes if they used.
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If your teen is staying overnight with a
friend, or is part of a “spontaneous
sleep over”
Check with the parents to verify that this is acceptable to them, they will be home, and you
both agree on curfew hours.
WHEN A PROBLEM OCCURS
What to do if there are problems at
your son/daughter’s party
Do not allow those to enter who try to bring in alcohol, tobacco or drugs.
If anyone causes physical or property damage, ask them to leave.
Call the police if damage warrants action by law enforcement officials or if unwanted guests
refuse to leave your home.
Notify the parents of any person who arrives at the party under the influence.
Never allow anyone under the influence to drive. Parents, police, taxis, and friends are
available to help.
SOCIAL ACTIVITIES GUIDELINES
Set a definite curfew
This is necessary for the safety of teens.
Curfews give both parents and teens a sense of security.
For special events (proms, football games, etc.) teens should be expected home
within a reasonable amount of time after the conclusion of the event.
Know your teen’s friends and talk to their
parents.
Parents who network often discover that it is simply not true that “everyone else can
do it.”
Know where your teenager will be
Require a phone call to keep you informed, many plans for an evening are changed
midway through.
If you will not be at home, let your teen know how you can be reached.
Know who will be providing
transportation throughout the evening
Discuss with your teen possible situations that might necessitate a call to you or a
specified friend or neighbor for a ride home.
Urge your teen never to ride home with a driver who has been drinking.
You might have an understanding that there will be no punishment for a call letting you
know that things are getting out of hand.
If your teen plans to spend the night with a
friend.
Confirm this plan with the friend’s parents and find out if the parents will be at home.
Check with the friend’s parents to see if they have a similar curfew for their teen.
When parents are out-of-town.
These situations are attractive party sites.
Make plans with relatives, friends or responsible caregivers to live in your home while
you are away.
Many of these parties occur without invitation and are quickly out of control.
The Four “W’s” Parents Need to Know About Their Teens:
Know WHO they hang out with
Know WHAT they’re doing
Know WHERE they are
Know WHEN they’ll be home
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Sample Coaches Pledge
As a coach in the ____________________________ school district, I support all district and
MSHSL training rules and their consequences. I demonstrate my support and pledge to:
1. Thoroughly discuss with my team the impact of drinking and other drug use by athletes. I
will do this a minimum of once a week.
2. Ensure that my athletes understand their commitment to the MSHSL Bylaws regarding
chemicals.
3. Submit pledges signed by students, parents, and myself to the athletic director.
4. Assert my authority when I learn of training rules being broken.
5. Avoid enabling athletes’ unhealthy habits by ignoring or refusing to deal with a player who
has broken training rules.
6. Provide information and referrals to assist in getting help for a student experiencing
difficulty with the use of alcohol, tobacco, drugs, or steroids.
7. Set an example for my team by exhibiting responsible behavior in my own use of alcohol,
tobacco, or other drugs.
8. Provide assistance to students who are reentering school or rejoining the team after a
violation or treatment.
22
Sample Student Pledge
As a participant on the ____________________________________ team at
___________________ High School, I agree to abide by the rules regarding the use of alcohol,
tobacco, and other drugs. Chemical dependency is a progressive but treatable disease,
characterized by continued drinking or other drug use. Therefore, I accept and pledge to abide
by the training rules listed in the MSHSL handbook and others established by my coach.
To demonstrate my support, I pledge to:
1. Support my fellow teammates by setting an example and abstaining from the use of
alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.
2. I will not cover for, enable or lie for my teammates, if any rules are broken. I will
hold my teammates responsible and accountable for their actions.
3. Seek information and assistance in dealing with my own or my teammate’s problems.
4. Be honest and open with my parents about my feelings, needs and problems.
5. Be honest and open with my coach and other school personnel when the interest of my
teammates is being jeopardized.
23