4902/P-3023
GRIZZLY SALES GAS PIPELINE
REPLACEMENT PROJECT
APPENDIX 1:
TECHNICAL DATA REPORT
Prepared for:
Westcoast Energy Inc.
Carrying on business as:
Spectra Energy Transmission
Prepared by:
3990 - 22nd Avenue
Prince George, BC V2N 3A1
January 2014
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 7
1.0
1.1
Project Setting ................................................................................................................. 8
2.0
Physical and Biophysical Elements ................................................................................. 9
Physical and Meteorological Environment ..................................................................... 9
2.1
2.1.1 Terrain ......................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.2 Natural Hazards .......................................................................................................... 9
2.1.3 Climate ........................................................................................................................ 9
2.2
Soil and Soil Productivity ............................................................................................. 10
2.2.1 Soil Characteristics ................................................................................................... 10
2.2.2 Contaminated Soils ................................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 Canada Land Inventory ............................................................................................. 11
2.3
Surface Water Quality and Quantity ............................................................................. 11
2.3.1 Historical Water Quality Information ....................................................................... 12
2.4
Groundwater Quality and Quantity............................................................................... 12
2.5
Acoustic Environment .................................................................................................. 13
Air Quality .................................................................................................................... 13
2.6
2.6.1 Ambient Air Quality ................................................................................................. 13
2.6.2 Greenhouse Gases ..................................................................................................... 13
Vegetation ..................................................................................................................... 14
2.7
2.7.1 Ecosystems Classification ......................................................................................... 14
2.7.2 Pre-Field Assessment ................................................................................................ 15
2.7.3 Field Survey .............................................................................................................. 15
2.7.4 Results of Field Survey ............................................................................................. 16
2.7.5 Non-native and Invasive Species .............................................................................. 28
2.8
Wetlands ....................................................................................................................... 28
Fish and Fish Habitat .................................................................................................... 29
2.9
2.9.1 Background Species Information .............................................................................. 29
2.9.2 Field Assessments ..................................................................................................... 29
2.9.3 Species of Conservation Concern ............................................................................. 31
2.10 Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat ....................................................................................... 33
2.10.1 Background Wildlife Information......................................................................... 33
2.10.2 Regionally Important Wildlife Species ................................................................. 33
2.10.3 Wildlife Habitat Assessment................................................................................. 34
2.10.4 Species and Species Sign Observations ................................................................ 35
2.10.5 Wildlife Species at Risk ........................................................................................ 37
3.0
Socio-Economic Elements .............................................................................................. 49
3.1
Heritage Resources and Traditional Land Use ............................................................. 49
3.1.1 First Nation Interests ................................................................................................. 50
3.2
Human Occupancy and Resource Use .......................................................................... 51
3.2.1 Human Occupancy .................................................................................................... 51
3.2.2 Development and Land Use Plans ............................................................................ 51
3.2.3 Environmentally Significant and Protected Areas .................................................... 52
3.2.4 Natural Resource Use ............................................................................................... 52
3.3
Navigation and Navigation Safety ................................................................................ 53
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3.4
Social and Cultural Well-being ..................................................................................... 53
3.4.1 Populations and Demographics................................................................................. 53
3.5
Human Health and Aesthetics ....................................................................................... 54
3.6
Infrastructure and Services ........................................................................................... 54
3.6.1 Policing and Security ................................................................................................ 54
3.6.2 Health and Social Services........................................................................................ 54
3.6.3 Fire Protection Services ............................................................................................ 54
3.6.4 Water, Wastewater, and Solid Waste........................................................................ 55
3.6.5 Commercial Accommodations.................................................................................. 55
3.6.6 Community Recreation ............................................................................................. 55
Employment and Economy ........................................................................................... 55
3.7
4.0
Public Consultation ......................................................................................................... 56
References .................................................................................................................................... 57
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Average climate normals for Chetwynd, BC (1971-2000) ............................................. 10
Table 2. Ecosystem classifications (site series) present in the LSA ............................................. 17
Table 3. Red- and blue-listed ecosystems with the potential to occur in the BWBSmw zone in the
Peace Forest District ..................................................................................................................... 20
Table 4. Red- and blue-listed vascular plant species within the BWBS BEC zone in the Peace
Forest District................................................................................................................................ 22
Table 5. Red and blue-listed non-vascular plants within the BWBSmw zone in the Peace Forest
District........................................................................................................................................... 27
Table 6. Red- and blue-listed fish species located in the Peace Forest District............................ 32
Table 7. Key indicator (regionally important) wildlife species in the LSA .................................. 34
Table 8. Wildlife species observed in the LSA............................................................................. 36
Table 9. Red and blue-listed wildlife species occurring in the BWBS BEC zone of the Peace Forest
District........................................................................................................................................... 39
Table 10. Aboriginal Communities with Traditional Territories within the Project Footprint Area
....................................................................................................................................................... 50
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 1. Ecological Communities Map
Attachment 2. Archaeology Impact Assessment
Attachment 3. Traditional Land Use Sites Overview
Attachment 4. Photographs
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GLOSSARY
Term
Acoustic Environment
Alluvial Material
Anthropogenic
Aquifers
Biogeoclimatic Ecological
Classification (BEC) zone
Blue-listed
species/ecosystem
Bog
Bryophyte
Ecoprovince
Ecoregion
Ecosection
Endangered species
Extirpated
Fen
Heath
Mesic
Orthophoto
Project footprint
Red-listed
species/ecosystem
Salinity
Sub-mesic
Suspended Solids
Threatened Species
Definition
The cumulative auditory effect of all objects within a study area.
Water-transported materials that typically form at the base of topographic features
where there is a marked break in slope. Deposition is often fan-shaped and
deposited into channels.
Resulting from human activity, such as activities that utilize or impact an
ecosystem or resource.
A permeable body of rock that may contain or transmit groundwater.
A large geographic area having a homogenous macroclimate, resulting in similar
structures of soil and vegetation throughout the zone. Each zone is assigned a
name based on the characteristics of its macroclimate.
Species and ecosystems that are of special concern, such as those that are
sensitive to disturbance or have a limited geographic range and are candidates for
the red list.
Shrubby or treed nutrient-poor peatland with distinct communities of ericaceous
shrubs and Sphagnum species adapted to highly acidic and oxygen-poor soil
conditions.
A division of the plant family containing terrestrial photosynthetic non-vascular
plants. Includes mosses, liverworts, and bladderworts.
An area with uniform climate processes, geological history, and regional
landforms, mapped for use in provincial state of the environment reporting. There
are 11 ecoprovinces in BC. Each ecoprovince is made up of one or more
ecoregions.
An area with minor macroclimatic and major physiographic variations, mapped
for regional strategic planning. There are 47 ecoregions in BC. Ecoregions are
mapped at a larger-scale than ecosections.
An area with minor macroclimatic and physiographic variations, mapped at a
smaller scale than ecoregions for resource area planning purposes. There are 139
ecosections in BC.
A wildlife species that is facing imminent extirpation or extinction.
A species that no longer exists in the wild, but does exist elsewhere; local
extinction
Peatland where groundwater inflow maintains relatively high mineral content
within the rooting zone. Fens are characterized by non-ericaceous shrubs, sedges,
grasses, reeds and brown mosses.
Open shrubland characterized by free-draining, acidic, and nutrient poor soils.
A moisture regime often pertaining to soils and climates. Mesic soils have
moderate moisture levels, with moisture loss that is relatively slow compared to
supply.
An aerial image in which scale has been adjusted to account for topography, to
make the scale uniform.
The effect expected to occur as a result of undergoing Project activities, which
encompasses, but is not limited to both regional and local study areas.
Species and ecosystems that have or are candidates for extirpated, endangered, or
threatened status rankings in BC.
The amount of salt contained in a material
A moisture regime often pertaining to soils and climates. Sub-mesic soils are
moist for a moderately short period following precipitation. Water loss is
relatively high compared to supply.
Small solid particles held in solution as a suspension or colloid, related to
turbidity.
A wildlife species that is likely to become an endangered species if nothing is
done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction.
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Term
Traditional Land Use
Turbidity
Ungulate
Vascular Species
Wetland
January 2014
Definition
A study of anthropological activities of a given area that may have occurred in the
past or present. It is often associated with traditional ecological knowledge and
focuses on the use of resources by Aboriginal peoples (i.e., the first or earliest
known people in a particular region, including First Nations, Inuit, and Métis)
A water quality parameter used to describe the amount of suspended solids in
aqueous solution that may limit light penetration through the fluid.
A term used to describe hoofed mammals including deer, moose, and elk.
Any plant species that contain vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) to transport
water and nutrients between roots and leaves.
Area where soils are water-saturated for a sufficient length of time such that
excess water and low soil oxygen levels determine vegetation and soil
development. Wetlands are abundant in hydrophytes, and are classified into bogs,
fens, swamps, shallow open water, and semi-aquatic marshes.
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Term
AIA
ALR
BCAS
BC MFLNRO
BC MOE
BC OGC
BC SEE
BEC
BWBS
BWBSmw
CDC
CLI
COSEWIC
EC
EPP
ESA
GHG
LRMP
LSA
NEB
OCP
OD
OPR
PRRD
RCMP
RISC
ROW
RSA
SARA
SBS
VC
Definition
Archaeological Impact Assessment
Agricultural Land Reserve
British Columbia Ambulance Service
British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations
British Columbia Ministry of Environment
British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission
British Columbia Species and Ecosystems Explorer
Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification
Boreal White and Black Spruce (BEC Zone)
Boreal White and Black Spruce Moist Warm Variant
Conservation Data Centre (of British Columbia)
Canadian Land Inventory
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada
Environment Canada
Environmental Protection Plan
Environmental and Social Assessment
Greenhouse Gas
Land and Resource Management Plan
Local Study Area
National Energy Board
Official Community Plan
Outside Diameter
Onshore Pipeline Regulations
Peace River Regional District
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Resources Inventory Standards Committee
Right-of-Way
Regional Study Area
Species at Risk Act
Sub-Boreal Spruce (BEC Zone)
Valued Component
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1.0
January 2014
Introduction
Westcoast Energy Inc. (Westcoast), carrying on business as Spectra Energy Transmission, retained
the services of Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd. (Triton) to prepare an Environmental and
Socio-Economic Assessment (ESA) report for the proposed Westcoast Energy Grizzly Sales Gas
Pipeline Replacement Project, approximately 27 km southwest of Chetwynd, BC (Project).
Approximately 1,700 m of 610 mm (24 inch) Outside Diameter (OD) sweet gas pipeline will be
installed using Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD). The Project will require new permanent rightof-way (ROW) and temporary workspace to accommodate drill entry and exit points, containment
for drilling mud, and laydown areas. The Project is located on Crown and private lands.
The Project is regulated by the National Energy Board (NEB) under Section 58 of the NEB Act
and Section 45.1 of the Onshore Pipeline Regulations (OPR). This Technical Data Report provides
information on the current environmental and socioeconomic setting for the Project and provides
a backdrop against which the Project’s effects can be assessed. The baseline information prepared
in this report follows the requirements listed in Section 58, Filing Manual – Guide A – Facilities
Applications, Guide A.2 – Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment (NEB, 2013) (the
“Filing Manual”).
The report is divided into the following sections:

Section 1 – Introduction

Section 2 – Physical and Biophysical Elements

Section 3 – Socio-Economic Elements

Section 4 – Consultation

References

Attachments
Sections within this report include information pertaining to the following Valued Components
(VCs), which are consistent with those found in the NEB Filing Manual (2013):

Physical and Meteorological Environment

Soils and Soil Productivity

Surface Water Quality and Quantity

Groundwater Quality and Quantity

Acoustic Environment

Air Quality

Vegetation, including species at risk

Wetlands

Fish and Fish Habitat, including species at risk

Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat, including species at risk
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project

Heritage Resources

Human Occupancy and Resource Use

Navigation and Navigation Safety

Social and Cultural Well-being

Human Health and Aesthetics

Infrastructure and Services

Employment and Economy
January 2014
The following information is provided in the Attachments:

Figures are provided in Attachment 1.

An Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA) and Traditional Land Use (TLU) Site
Overview, completed by Landsong Heritage Consulting, Ltd. (Landsong), are included in
Attachments 2 and 3.

Representative photos are included in Attachment 4.
In accordance with the Filing Manual (NEB, 2013), spatial boundaries were determined separately
for each VC (Local Study Area [LSA], which also includes the Project footprint, and Regional
Study Area [RSA]).
1.1
Project Setting
The Project is located within the Pine River valley, approximately 27 km southwest of Chetwynd,
BC (ESA report, Figure 1).
The Province of British Columbia (BC) has a number of classification systems and administrative
boundaries that are relevant to the Project area and used throughout the baseline discussion:

Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC) – Boreal White and Black Spruce
(BWBS) BEC Zone. The zone covers over 10% of the province of BC, mainly within
northeast BC, and contains a mixture of two main ecosystems: upland forests and muskeg
(Demarchi, 2011). The Project falls within the moist warm (mw) sub-zone/variant.

British Columbia Ecoregion Classification System – Sub-Boreal Interior Ecoprovince
(located in north-central BC and is bordered by the Coast Mountains to the west and the
Interior Plains to the east); Central Canadian Rocky Mountains Ecoregion (consists of
steep, round-topped mountains and foothills that are lower than the Rocky Mountains to
the north and south); and the Hart Foothills Ecosection (located on the east side of the Hart
Ranges of the Rocky Mountains) (Demarchi, 2011).

Regional District – Peace River Regional District (PRRD)

Forest District – Peace Forest District

Watershed Group – Pine River
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2.0
Physical and Biophysical Elements
2.1
Physical and Meteorological Environment
January 2014
The extent of the study area boundary selected for the Physical Environment component includes
the Project footprint. A LSA of 500 m surrounding the Project has been set in order to include any
potential for slope/terrain instability associated with the Project (e.g., from excavation activities).
An RSA of 5 km is considered sufficient for assessing the potential effects of the Project on the
Physical Environment.
2.1.1
Terrain
The RSA falls within the eastern system of the Canadian Cordillera Physiographic Region, which
is located mostly in BC and the Yukon and includes plateaus, valleys, plains, and mountains. The
mountains of the eastern zone consist of sedimentary rocks that have been tilted, faulted, and
folded (Church and Ryder, 2010).
The Project is located within the Hart Foothills ecosection, which contains low rounded mountains
and wide valley areas on the east side of the Hart Ranges of the Rocky Mountains. The eastern
boundary of the ecosection is dissected by eastward flowing rivers (Moberly, Pine, Sukunka,
Wolverine, and Murray), which eventually drain into the Peace River. The area has a subdued
topography due to lessened elevation and relief, different bedrocks and structure, and reduced
glaciation (Demarchi, 2011).
Surficial material is composed of till blanket or alluvial deposits (Fulton, 1995). Medium to fine
textured glacial till dominates valley bottoms. Glacial meltwaters flowing east out of the Rocky
Mountains deposited coarser textured glaciofluvial deposits in some lower slope and valley
bottoms. Localized, medium, and coarse textured colluvial and fluvial deposits also occur
throughout the valleys (DeLong et al., 2011).
2.1.2
Natural Hazards
The Project is located in an area with isolated patches of permafrost (NRC, 2009a) and low seismic
hazard (NRC, 2009b). An online search of Natural Resource Canada maps found no instances of
landslides causing fatalities, no major floods, and no major forest fires within the LSA or RSA
(NRC, 2009c, d, e).
2.1.3
Climate
The average monthly temperatures in Chetwynd, BC (location of the closest Environment Canada
meteorological station to the Project) are below 0°C for four months of the year and above 10°C
for only four months of the year (EC, 2013a). This is typical of the Boreal White and Black Spruce
(BWBS) Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC) zone, which tends to have long, very
cold winters with short growing seasons (DeLong et al., 2011).
Annual rainfall in the region is 318 mm and annual snowfall is 178 cm (Table 1) (EC, 2013a).
Most precipitation falls in the summer as a result of moist Pacific air flowing across the Rocky
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Mountains; as temperatures rise, convective showers and thunderstorms are generated (DeLong et
al., 2011). Rain typically occurs in the summer and early fall (EC, 2013a). The wind most
frequently originates from the southwest, with average speeds ranging from 7.2 to 9.0 km/hr.
Table 1. Average climate normals for Chetwynd, BC (1971-2000)
Temperature
Jan
Daily Average
(°C)
Standard
Deviation
(°C)
Daily
Maximum
(°C)
Daily
Minimum
Precipitation
Rainfall (mm)
Snowfall (cm)
Precipitation
(mm)
Wind
Speed (km/h)
Most Frequent
Direction
Year
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
-10.7
-7.6
-2.4
4.7
9.6
13.2
15.3
14.5
10
3.9
-5.9
-9.4
3.0
4.9
4.2
3.8
1.1
1.7
1
0.9
1.1
1.9
1.8
3.9
5.4
3.0
-5.4
-1.7
3.4
11.4
16.7
20
22.2
21.6
16.5
9.2
-1.3
-4.4
9.0
-15.9
-13.5
-8.2
-2.0
2.5
6.5
8.4
7.4
3.5
-1.3
-10.4
-14.3
-3.1
0.9
27.7
0.6
22
1.3
25.4
10.3
9.1
33
4.4
76.1
0
79.3
0
53.9
0
42.1
2.4
16.1
19.2
3.5
33.9
1.3
25.6
318.4
169.6
21.6
16
19.5
18.7
37.2
76.1
79.3
53.9
44.4
30.7
29.6
20.5
447.5
8.5
7.9
8.6
9.2
9.0
8.2
7.8
7.2
7.7
8.6
7.4
8.6
8.2
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
W
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
Chetwynd Climate Data obtained from EC climate normals data (EC, 2013a)
2.2
Soil and Soil Productivity
The LSA and RSA for assessing the potential effects of the Project on soils are the same as those
used for the Physical and Meteorological Environment VC.
2.2.1
Soil Characteristics
Soils in the Project and surrounding areas consist of Eutric Brunisols, which occur in broad valleys
within the BWBS BEC zone. Eutric Brunisols often contain extensive deposits of fluvioglacial
material and occur on calcareous coarse textured parent materials, especially on well-drained
fluvioglacial and colluvial deposits (Young and Alley, 1978).
Soil surveys were conducted in July 2013. Soils within the pipeline ROW are classified as Moberly
(gray wooded loams and clay loams) and Alluvial (undifferentiated river flat and terrain deposits).
Surface and subsurface soils were moist at the time of assessment, and saturated soils were found
in a wetland area adjacent to the west bank of the Pine River.
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.2.2
January 2014
Contaminated Soils
The Project does not fall within any contaminated sites listed on the Federal Contaminated Sites
Inventory (TBCS, 2013). Federal contaminated sites in the area are located at Environment Canada
hydrometric stations (e.g., Pine River at East Pine) or in aboriginal communities (e.g., West
Moberly First Nations).
The potential for spills due to construction-related activities (e.g., hydrocarbons or coolants from
construction equipment) will be addressed via spill control and response procedures detailed in
Westcoast’s Environmental Manual for Construction Projects (2010) and the Environmental
Protection Plan (EPP).
2.2.3
Canada Land Inventory
Land capability for agriculture in the LSA has been classified as 5C, which indicates severe
limitations that restrict production to perennial forage or other specially adapted crops due to
thermal limitations to plant growth (minimum temperature near freezing during winter season
and/or insufficient heat units during the growing season). In the area to the southwest of the Project
location (closer to the mountains), stoniness and a steep topography significantly hinder the
agricultural potential of the area (CLI, 1998).
The Project falls within designated Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) lands (Data BC, 2013).
2.3
Surface Water Quality and Quantity
In order to capture the potential release and downstream travel of sediment or other deleterious
substances, an LSA of 200 m upstream and 400 m downstream from the Project footprint was
established. The RSA for surface water quality and quantity is 10 km on either side of the Project.
A desktop review of available water quality and quantity information for the LSA and RSA was
conducted using available online government websites, existing reports, and applications for other
pipelines within the RSA. During the field survey in July 2013, watercourses known to be in close
proximity to the Project footprint were assessed for the presence or absence of water and channel
characteristics (results are detailed in section 2.9.2).
The Project crosses the Pine River, which is an 8th order tributary to the Peace River. The Pine
River originates in the Rocky Mountains and crosses three physiographic regions (Rocky
Mountains, Rocky Mountain foothills, and the Alberta Plateau plains) while flowing eastward past
Chetwynd to East Pine before eventually meeting the Peace River at Taylor, BC. The Pine River
is a fast flowing, gravel-bottomed meandering river with numerous backwaters, oxbows,
floodplains, and wetlands.
The Pine River has several small and larger tributaries throughout the Pine River valley. Ivorline
Creek (approximately 600 m upstream of the crossing), is a second order tributary which enters
the Pine River from the south bank. An unnamed second order tributary to the Pine River (WSC:
234-617800) is located in the northwest portion of the LSA. This tributary originates north of the
highway, and is composed of a frequently dry (seasonally wetted), armoured channel. Other
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
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tributaries within the RSA include Hasler Creek, Johnsen Creek, Bowlder Creek, Browns Creek,
and several unnamed tributaries (Data BC, 2013). An area of ponded water is present in the pasture
on the east bank. As it does not have any inflows or outflows, it is likely a result of precipitation
and groundwater seepage.
Hydrometric data for the Pine River (at East Pine) is available from 1961 to the present. An historic
station on the Pine River (above Mountain Creek) has three years of data available between 1985
and 1989. In general, the data from both stations show that maximum discharge levels in the Pine
River typically occur between May and July, after which flows steadily decrease throughout the
fall and winter, when flows are at their lowest (WSC, 2013).
The Project is located in the Pine River watershed group. There are no existing water licences
within the LSA (BC OGC, 2013). Existing points of diversion within the RSA are located on
Johnsen and Hasler creeks, tributaries located downstream of the Project (BC OGC, 2013). The
largest licence is issued to Westcoast Energy (approximately 290,000 m3/year).
The Project does not fall within any designated community watersheds (BC MFLNRO, 2013a) or
near any Canadian Heritage Rivers (Parks Canada, 2013); however, the Pine River is the primary
source of drinking water for the community of Chetwynd, BC.
2.3.1
Historical Water Quality Information
Historical water quality information is available for the Pine River, downstream of the community
of Chetwynd, BC. Previous water quality reports for the Pine River indicate that water quality
objectives were met consistently for the majority of parameters tested (e.g., fecal coliforms,
nitrates, suspended solids, etc.) (BC MOE, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991; BC MELP, 1993). However,
in 1990 a pipeline rupture resulted in the spill of approximately 950,000 L of sour crude oil in the
Pine River, approximately 100 km upstream of Chetwynd. Approximately half of the crude oil
was dispersed into the river, while the other half was spilled onto land, contaminating sediments
and groundwater. The spill resulted in mortality to fish, insects, and wildlife, and the domestic
water supply to Chetwynd and many groundwater wells in the area were temporarily discontinued.
The majority of the product was removed from the environment and most of contaminants in the
river returned quickly to background or non-detectable levels. However, contaminated suspended
sediments were expected to be present in the upper and lower Pine River during high flow periods
for up to 10 years post-spill, or even longer under anoxic conditions (AMEC, 2002).
2.4
Groundwater Quality and Quantity
The LSA and RSA boundaries are located 500 m and 5 km, respectively, from the Project footprint
(as for Physical and Meteorological Environment and Soils and Soil Productivity).
There are five groundwater wells located approximately 3 km east of the Project in the Hasler Flats
area, and two located along Highway 97 northwest of the Project (Data BC, 2013). In total, 10
wells are documented in the RSA, for either domestic or industrial/commercial uses (BC MOE,
2013a). Depths vary from 5 m to 360 m. Due to the calcareous nature of the sediments,
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groundwater in the Rocky Mountains and associated foothills is typically hard. Total dissolved
solids can range from 300 to 500 mg/L (Ronneseth, n.d.).
2.5
Acoustic Environment
In the absence of federal or provincial regulations, the British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission’s
(BC OGC) Noise Control Best Practices Guideline (the Guideline) was adopted in 2009. The
Guideline, which applies to operations approved under the Oil and Gas Activities Act, states that
dwellings located within 1.5 km of a facility boundary are potentially affected by nuisance noise
(BC OGC, 2009). Although the Project falls under the jurisdiction of the NEB, the Guideline was
used to establish the LSA for this assessment. The RSA for the acoustic environment VC is 5 km.
The closest residences are located in the Hasler Flats area, approximately 3 km east of the Project.
Furthermore, noise from the Project is likely to be construction-related (e.g., drilling and use of
heavy equipment) and temporary in nature. Noise generated during the operational phases is
expected to be undetectable.
Noise-related concerns have not been mentioned during consultation activities. Potential effects of
construction-related nuisance noise on wildlife and domestic animals will be addressed in the
Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Assessment section of the ESA.
2.6
Air Quality
2.6.1
Ambient Air Quality
Primary sources of air emissions associated with the Project will be from fuel combustion of
transport vehicles and construction equipment, and particulate matter (road dust during
transportation to and from the Project site, and from soil excavation during the construction phase).
This may result in temporary and small increases in sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon
monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter. However, the Project is not
expected to result in an increase of combustion emissions above the normal range for the local
area. The generation of road dust is also not expected to increase dust levels beyond the normal
range for the area, given the proximity to Highway 97 as well as gravel-surfaced industrial roads.
Therefore, in accordance with the NEB Filing Manual, detailed analysis is not required (NEB,
2013).
2.6.2
Greenhouse Gases
As the Project involves the replacement of a small section of pipeline, the primary source of GHG
emissions will be from fuel combustion associated with transport vehicles and construction
equipment, as well as venting of the existing pipeline prior to completing tie-ins. An increase in
GHG emissions is not anticipated from the construction or operational phases of the Project, and
no concerns regarding GHG emissions have been raised during public or First Nations’
consultation. In accordance with the NEB Filing Manual, further analysis is not warranted (NEB,
2013).
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.7
January 2014
Vegetation
The LSA boundaries for the vegetation component are based on areas of potential disturbance and
include:

Project footprint disturbance – a quantitative assessment based on the amount of each
type of available habitat that was directly associated with clearing the Project footprint;

Disturbance to habitats of species at risk (Sub-footprint) – a field assessment of rare plants
and communities was conducted in July 2013; and,

Disturbance of ecologically sensitive areas (Sub-footprint) – some habitats (e.g., water
bodies and wetlands) receive concentrated seasonal use, or contain primary habitats or
critical features (e.g., seasonal foraging opportunities), and may be particularly sensitive to
disturbance.
Collection of baseline vegetation data focused on the area directly disturbed by the Project
footprint in addition to a minimum of 30 m on either side of the footprint (the LSA). The RSA is
a 1 km buffer of the Project area.
2.7.1
Ecosystems Classification
The Project site is located within the Central Canadian Rocky Mountains ecoregion, which has a
summer mean temperature of 12°C and a winter mean temperature of -10°C. Mean annual
precipitation ranges from 500 to 700 mm. Forest cover at low elevations consists predominantly
of mixed species with lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), trembling aspen (Populus
tremuloides), and white (Picea glauca) and black spruce (Picea mariana) (Ecological
Stratification Working Group, 1995). The Hart Foothills ecosection is drier than adjoining
ecosections, as it is located in a rainshadow of easterly flowing Pacific air, and cold Arctic air often
stalls along the eastern margin or in the valleys (Demarchi, 2011).
BEC zones are based on local climate, soil, and vegetation data (Meidinger and Pojar, 1991). The
moist warm subzone of the boreal white and black spruce (BWBSmw) BEC zone contains a mix
of upland forests and muskeg ecosystems. The BWBSmw has 1,202 growing degree days (greater
than 5°C) with 94 frost-free days (DeLong et al., 2011). Elevation ranges from 600 m to 1,050 m
in the south and 350 m to 1,100 m in the north (DeLong et al., 1991).
BWBSmw upland sites are dominated by trembling aspen with wetter sites dominated by white
spruce and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) (DeLong et al., 2011). Black spruce dominates
the lowland sites on poorer soils usually with a thick organic layer. Tamarack (Larix larcina) has
been documented in some of the wetlands. Soil material is primarily old marine deposits reworked
by glacial action which has formed layers of fine-textured soils that are generally free of coarse
fragments (DeLong et al., 2011).
A number of forest pathogens occur in spruce forests of the Peace Forest District. Tomentosus root
rot, caused by Inonotus tomentosus, and spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) are important
agents of spruce mortality in boreal and sub-boreal forests in British Columbia, and both have been
confirmed in the Chetwynd area (Lewis and Lindgren, 2002). Symptoms of tomentosus root rot
include reduced growth height, stunted upper branches, and thin crowns (Hunt and Unger, 1994).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
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Infection may cause conversion from spruce dominated stands to aspen dominated stands over the
course of 20 to 40 years (DeLong et al., 2011). Spruce beetle preferentially attack recently
windthrown or severely stressed trees, but will attack healthy, live trees when populations are high
(BC MFLNRO, 2013b). Evidence indicates that incidences of tomentosus root disease help to
maintain endemic levels of spruce beetle (Lewis and Lindgren, 2002).
2.7.2
Pre-Field Assessment
Ecosystems and species of concern were identified using the British Columbia Species and
Ecosystems Explorer (BC SEE) web utility (BC CDC, 2013). The search was limited based on
spatial distribution (Peace Forest District, BWBS BEC zone) and conservation status (e.g., red- and
blue-listed, SARA- and COSEWIC-listed). Species and ecological communities that were
identified in the desktop search were the primary focus of the field survey.
2.7.3
Field Survey
A field survey was completed to:

Identify and describe the ecosystems present within and immediately adjacent to the
Project footprint;

Confirm the presence of any ecosystems at risk and identify any unique or sensitive
ecosystems;

Determine the potential for ecosystems to sustain flora or fauna species of management
concern; and,

Provide photo documentation of representative and unique or important features.
A crew of two biologists completed a field survey in July 2013. Due to the presence of numerous
wet or densely vegetated areas, it was not possible for crews to walk in defined lanes or transects;
therefore, the LSA was assessed to the extent feasible. All features of significance were
geo-referenced and photographed. Crews also completed a running list of identified plant species
including weeds. Crew members were aware of preferred habitat types for rare and endangered
plant species and plant inventory effort was focused in these areas.
Terrestrial ecosystems were classified to the site series level using criteria from DeLong et al.
(2011). Other standards used to classify and delineate ecosystems include Vegetation Resources
Inventory Photo Interpretation Procedures (RISC, 2009) and Field Manual for Describing
Terrestrial Ecosystems, 2nd Edition (BC MOFR and BC MOE, 2010).
Westcoast’s existing ROW and the large cultivated pasture along the east boundary of the Project
Area were not classified to the site series level as they are previously disturbed and maintained in
an early seral state. Classification of these areas was based on the classes established in the
Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification of Non-forested Ecosystems of British Columbia manual
(Mackenzie, 2012).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
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As changes to the proposed Project footprint occurred during the design process, the west layout
area was not assessed during field surveys in July 2013. The area is largely located on cleared
agricultural land, although some small forested sections are present. Polygons have been identified
using available orthophotos (RISC, 2009); however, it will be necessary to conduct field surveys
prior to construction activities to confirm the identities of ecological communities and search for
rare plants.
2.7.4
Results of Field Survey
The LSA was delineated into 28 polygons, composed of 12 distinct ecological communities (Table
2; Attachment 1, Ecological Communities Map). Non-forested ecosystems that are heavily
influenced by anthropogenic activities (e.g., farming, existing pipeline ROW) comprise
approximately 50% of the LSA. Ecosystems characteristic of floodplain and low bench areas
(BWBSmw/111$6B.1, 111, 101$6B.1, 111$6B.2, 110$6B.1, Fm02, Fl03, and Fa) are the most
prevalent forested ecosystems, making up approximately 45% of the LSA (Attachment 4, Photos
1 to 6). Floodplain ecosystems are highly productive in the BWBS, as sub-irrigation by river
groundwater systems warms the normally cold soils and provides abundant nutrients and moisture
(DeLong et al., 2011). Wetlands (BWBSmw/Ww, Wm02, and Wf01) represent approximately 5%
of the LSA (Attachment 4, Photos 7 to 9).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
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Table 2. Ecosystem classifications (site series) present in the LSA
Label
Common Name
Scientific Name
BWBSmw/
111*
White spruce Currant - Horsetail
Picea glauca – Ribes
triste – Equisetum spp.
BWBS/mw/
111$6B.1
Balsam poplar Dogwood Highbush-cranberry
Populus balsamifera –
Cornus stolonifera –
Viburnum edule
BWBS/mw/
111$6B.2
Trembling aspen Cow-parsnipMeadowrue
Populus tremuloidesHeracleum maximum –
Thalictrum occidentale
BWBSmw/
110$6B.1
Trembling aspen –
Highbush-cranberry Oak fern
Populus tremuloides –
Viburnum edule –
Gymnocarpium
dryopteris
BWBSmw/
101$6B.1
Trembling aspen Rose - Creamy
peavine
Populus tremuloides –
Rosa acicularis –
Lathyrus ochroleucus
BWBSmw/
Fm02(112)*
Balsam poplar –
White spruce Mountain alder –
Red-osier dogwood
Populus balsamifera –
Picea glauca – Alnus
incana – Cornus
stolonifera
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Description
Relatively small, common, and restricted
to wet sites, occurring on floodplains of
small watercourses; the canopy is
composed of white spruce with an
undergrowth consisting of prickly rose,
high-bush cranberry, red swamp current,
and black twinberry; groundcover is
moderately well-developed to dense,
including horsetails, twinflower, trailing
raspberry, and bunchberry (DeLong et
al., 2011).
Small and generally restricted to moist or
very moist sites which often occur near
watercourses (DeLong et al., 2011);
trembling aspen dominant component of
canopy
Small and generally restricted to wet
sites, which often occur along
watercourses (DeLong et al., 2011).
Uncommon, small, and generally
restricted to areas of past cultural
disturbance; canopy is open or sparse
and usually dominated by trembling
aspen; understory is moderately
developed to dense and includes
highbush-cranberry, red swamp current,
mountain alder; groundcover consists of
oak fern and wood horsetail; moss layer
is sparsely developed (DeLong et al.,
2011).
Very common and tends to dominate
upland areas within the BWBSmw;
generally occur on gentle to moderate
slopes with fine to medium textured
soils; forest canopy is dominated by
trembling aspen; undergrowth is usually
well developed or dense, including
prickly rose and high-bush cranberry;
moss layer is predominantly composed
of step moss (DeLong et al., 2011).
Typically restricted to middle-bench
floodplains; mixed canopy composed of
balsam poplar and white spruce; welldeveloped undergrowth dominated by
prickly rose, red-osier dogwood,
highbush-cranberry, and mountain alder;
herb layer dominated by horsetails
(DeLong et al., 2011).
Area
(ha)
19.8
18.9
5.2
0.4
20.8
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3.6
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Label
Common Name
Scientific Name
BWBSmw/
Fl03
Pacific willow - Redosier dogwood Horsetail
Salix lucida – Cornus
stolonifera – Equisetum
spp.
BWBSmw/
Wm02
Swamp horsetail Beaked sedge
Equisetum fluviatile –
Carex utriculata
BWBSmw/
Wf01
Water sedge - Beaked
sedge
Carex aquatilis – Carex
utriculata
Fa
Active Channel
N/A
Xa
Anthropogenic
Disclimax
N/A
Ww
Shallow-Water
N/A
January 2014
Description
Vegetated sandbar/flooded area; low
elevation flood ecosystem that occurs in
areas adjacent to large rivers and
experiences prolonged spring flooding,
but in locations that are protected from
erosive currents; often adjacent to balsam
poplar floodplains (DeLong et al., 2011).
Small marsh ecosystem located in lower
level depressions near an outside
meander bend of the Pine River; plant
diversity is typically low; sites are
usually dominated by swamp horsetails,
although beaked sedge may co-dominate
(DeLong et al., 2011).
Fen association that is annually
inundated by shallow, low energy flood
waters; species diversity is typically low;
sedge cover is continuous with scattered
forbs and mosses in the understorey
(MacKenzie and Moran, 2004).
Gravel bars present on inside meanders
of the Pine River; seasonally inundated
for prolonged periods, which prevents
the establishment of coniferous species
(MacKenzie, 2012).
Agricultural pasture area; intense
ongoing human or domestic animal
activities result in ecosystems that
contrast with adjacent site associations
(MacKenzie, 2012).
Aquatic wetland dominated by rooted,
submerged, and floating aquatic plants;
associated with permanently still or
slow-moving water (DeLong et al.,
2011).
Area
(ha)
18.0
0.3
4.1
3.2
100.0
* Indicates blue-listed ecosystem (see following section)
2.7.4.1
Rare and Endangered Ecosystems
One red-listed ecosystem and 11 blue-listed ecosystems are found within the BWBSmw subzone
of the Peace Forest District (BC CDC, 2013); the majority are found within wetland areas (e.g.,
bogs and fens) (Table 3).
Field surveys conducted in July 2013 confirmed the presence of two blue-listed plant communities:
white spruce/red swamp current/horsetails (BWBSmw/111, 12.6% of the LSA), and balsam poplar
– white spruce/mountain alder – red-osier dogwood (BWBSmw/Fm02, 4.14% of the LSA)
(Attachment 4, Photo 5).
The BWBSmw/111 occurs in relatively small areas and is restricted to wet sites, but is noted to be
relatively common in distribution. The unit has high productivity and provides suitable habitat for
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
a variety of wildlife. High water tables and deep humus layers can impede regeneration of this
unit. Given that the site unit can be restored over the long term and is relatively common in small
patches across the landscape, disturbance to this unit is not expected to result in a significant
reduction of its availability or distribution on the local landscape.
Similarly, the Fm02 site association is the most common middle-bench unit of lower elevations
across several BEC zones. Since it commonly occurs along large rivers, erosion and flooding of
the sites can be a concern following disturbance. The units are productive and also provide
high-value wildlife habitat. Given the widespread occurrence of the unit, a significant reduction in
the local availability of this site series as a result of Project activities is not expected.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
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Table 3. Red- and blue-listed ecosystems with the potential to occur in the BWBSmw zone in the Peace Forest District
Common Name
Scrub birch/ water sedge
Arctic rush - Nuttall's
alkaligrass - seablite
Tamarack/water sedge/
golden fuzzy fen moss
Scientific Name
Betula nana/Carex aquatilis
Juncus arcticus - Puccinellia
nuttalliana - Suaeda
calceoliformis
Larix laricina/Carex aquatilis/
Tomentypnum nitens
Provincial
Status
BC
List
Ecosystem Group(s)
Potential to
Occur in LSA
S3
Blue
Wetland-Peatland: Wetland Fen (Wf)
Moderate
S1
Blue
Terrestrial - Hydrogenic: Spring-seepage
(Hs)
Low
S3
Blue
Wetland-Peatland: Wetland Bog (Wb)
Moderate
S3
Blue
Wetland-Peatland: Wetland Fen (Wf);
Low
S1
Red
Terrestrial - Hydrogenic: Spring-seepage
(Hs)
Low
S3
Blue
Terrestrial - Forest: Coniferous - mesic
Moderate
S3
Blue
Wetland - Mineral: Wetland Swamp (Ws)
Low
White spruce/oak fern wild sarsaparilla
White spruce - black
spruce/Labrador tea/glow
moss
Larix laricina/Menyanthes
trifoliata – Carex limosa
Muhlenbergia richardsonis Juncus arcticus - Poa secunda ssp.
juncifolia
Picea glauca / Gymnocarpium
dryopteris - Aralia nudicaulis
Picea glauca - Picea mariana /
Rhododendron groenlandicum /
Aulacomnium palustre
White spruce/red swamp
current/horsetails
Picea glauca/Ribes triste/
Equisetum spp.
S2S3
Blue
Terrestrial-Flood: Flood (Highbench)
Terrestrial-Forest: Coniferousmoist/wet
Confirmed
presence in the
LSA
Black spruce/common
horsetails/peat mosses
Picea mariana/Equisetum
arvense/ Sphagnum spp.
S3S4
Blue
Wetland-Peatland: Wetland Bog (Wb)
Low
Black spruce/
lingonberry/peat mosses
Balsam poplar – white
spruce/mountain alder –
red-osier dogwood
Picea mariana/Vaccinium vitisidaea/ Sphagnum spp.
Populus balsamifera – Picea
glauca/Alnus incana – Cornus
stolonifera
S3
Blue
Wetland-Peatland: Wetland Bog (Wb)
Low
S3
Blue
Terrestrial-Flood: Flood Midbench
(Fm)
Terrestrial-Forest: Broadleaf-moist/wet
Confirmed
presence in the
LSA
Common cattail marsh
Typha latifolia marsh
S3
Blue
Wetland - Mineral: Wetland Marsh (Wm)
Moderate
Tamarack/buckbean –
shore sedge
Mat muhly - arctic rush Nevada bluegrass
S1 = critically imperiled; S2 = imperiled; S3 = special concern, vulnerable to extirpation or extinction; S4, Red-listed = candidates for extirpated, endangered, or threatened status
rankings; Blue-listed = species of special concern.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.7.4.2
January 2014
Rare and Endangered Plant Species
A query of the British Columbia Species and Ecosystem Explorer (BC SEE) web utility indicated
that 22 red-listed and 59 blue-listed vascular plant species are known or have the potential to occur
within the BWBS BEC zone in the Peace Forest District (BC CDC, 2013) (Table 4). COSEWIC
and SARA-listed species are not known to have a potential to occur. Probability of occurrence at
the Project site was based on known habitat affinities and documented presence near the LSA. Six
blue-listed non-vascular/bryophyte plant species also have the potential to occur in the LSA and
RSA (BC CDC, 2013) (Table 5). Although none were observed during the field survey in July
2013, as the sampling was not exhaustive, the potential remains for plant species at risk to occur
at the Project site. However, it is unlikely that there are widespread occurrences of rare plant
species within the LSA.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Table 4. Red- and blue-listed vascular plant species within the BWBS BEC zone in the Peace Forest District
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
BC
List
Alpine meadowfoxtail
Alopecurus magellanicus
S1S3
Red
Canada anemone
Anemone canadensis
S2S3
Blue
Riverbank anemone
Anemone virginiana var.
cylindroidea
S3
Blue
Meadow arnica
Arnica chamissonis ssp.
incana
S2S3
Blue
Herriot’s
mugwort/white
sagebrush
Artemisia herriotii
S2
Red
Gardner’s sagebrush
Atriplex gardneri var.
gardneri
S2
Red
Spike-oat
Avenula hookeri
S2S3
Blue
Stretching suncress
Boechera sparsiflora
S2
Red
Dainty moonwort
Botrychium crenulatum
S2S3
Blue
Least moonwort
Botrychium simplex var.
compositum
S2S3
Blue
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Moist meadows in the subalpine zone; known only from Beatton
River to Pink Mountain; rare in northern BC (BC CDC, 2013).
Moist meadows, thickets, and forest openings in the montane
zone; rare in BC south of 56°N and east of the Coast-Cascade
Mountains (Douglas et al., 2002); 3 confirmed cases in the Pine
Valley area, including near Big Boulder Creek, growing in a wet
roadside ditch (BC CDC, 2013).
Moist and mesic gravel bars, streambanks, and forests in the
steppe and montane zones (Douglas et al., 2002); recorded
locations near Fort St. John and in the Peace River valley
(Klinkenberg, 2013a).
Wet to mesic meadows and forest openings in the montane and
subalpine zones; incana subspecies rare in BC; closest recorded
location is approximately 15 km from the Project (BC CDC,
2013).
Open woods and river flats; open, rocky or gravelly alpine
slopes or in heathlands (Kershaw et al., 2001); recorded in
abundant amounts in Kiskatinaw Provincial Park (Klinkenberg,
2013a).
Known only from the Peace River region; grows in harsh, dry,
often saline, clay, silt, and sandy soils (Pearson and Healey,
2012).
Mesic to dry forest openings, grassy slopes, and meadows in the
montane and subalpine zones; confirmed locations along the
Peace River (Douglas et al., 2002).
Mesic to dry grasslands, gravelly river banks, and disturbed
areas in the steppe and lower montane zones (Douglas et al.,
2002).
Marshy meadows and springy places in the montane zone; rare
in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Moist to wet vernal pools and ephemeral seepages in the
lowland and montane zones (Douglas et al., 2002); one recorded
occurrence at Hasler Creek (BC CDC, 2013).
Potential
to Occur
in LSA
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
High
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
January 2014
BC
List
Spoon-shaped
moonwort
Botrychium spathulatum
S1
Red
Plains reedgrass
Calamagrostis
montanensis
S3
Blue
Two-coloured sedge
Carex bicolor
S2S3
Blue
Curly sedge
Carex rupestris ssp.
rupestris
S2S3
Blue
Pointed broom sedge
Carex scoparia
S2S3
Blue
Tender sedge
Carex tenera
S2S3
Blue
Torrey’s sedge
Carex torreyi
S2S3
Blue
Dry-land sedge
Carex xerantica
S3
Red
Tawny paintbrush
Castilleja miniata var.
fulva
SH
Red
Gaping goosefoot
Chenopodium hians
S2
Red
Iowa goldensaxifrage
Chrysosplenium iowense
S1
Red
Drummond’s thistle
Cirsium drummondii
S2
Red
Gray-leaved draba
Draba cinerea
S2S3
Blue
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Dry to mesic sand dunes, old fields, and grassy railroad sidings
in the montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002); closest recorded
location south of Tumbler Ridge, adjacent to the Murray River
(BC CDC, 2013).
Dry slopes and open forests in the steppe and montane zones
(Douglas et al., 2002);
Moist to wet meadows and shorelines in the montane to alpine
zones (Douglas et al., 2002); known locations in Fort St. John
and Dawson Creek areas (BC CDC, 2013).
Dry, rocky slopes, scree slopes and meadows in the alpine zone;
rare in northern BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Moist to wet ditches, lakeshores, marshes, and meadows in the
lowland and montane zones (Douglas et al., 2002); recorded
locations in the Sukunka River valley (BC CDC, 2013).
Mesic to dry meadows, shorelines and open forests in the
montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002).
Mesic to moist meadows and shrublands in the montane zone;
rare in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry slopes and open forests in the steppe and montane zones;
rare in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Wet to dry meadows, grassy slopes, fens, shrub-carrs, tidal
marshes, clearings, roadsides, thickets, and open forests from
the lowland to subalpine zones; infrequent north of 57°N
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Only one recorded location in BC (in the Peace River valley,
near the mouth of Alces River) (BC CDC, 2013).
Wet to moist streambanks and marshy ground in the montane
zone; rare in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Mesic to dry roadsides, meadows, and forest openings in the
steppe and lower montane zones; recorded locations in the
Dawson Creek and Peace River areas (Douglas et al., 2002).
Mesic to dry meadows and cliffs in the montane, subalpine, and
alpine zones; rare in BC above 53°N (Douglas et al., 2002).
Potential
to Occur
in LSA
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
January 2014
BC
List
Habitat Comments
Mesic to dry meadows and cliffs in the subalpine and alpine
zones; rare in northern BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Bogs, wet meadows, and moist forests in the montane zone; rare
in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Streamsides, marshes, lakeshores, and ponds in the montane
zone; rare in BC east of the Coast-Cascade Mountains (Douglas
et al., 2002).
Moist cool shale or limestone slopes in the montane and
subalpine zones; rare in northern BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Potential
to Occur
in LSA
Milky draba
Draba lactea
S2S3
Blue
Northern bog
bedstraw
Galium labradoricum
S3
Blue
Slender mannagrass
Glyceria pulchella
S2S3
Blue
Nahanni oak fern
Gymnocarpium jessoense
ssp. parvulum
S3
Blue
Nuttall’s sunflower
Helianthus nuttallii ssp.
rydbergii
S2
Red
One recorded location in northeast BC near Hudson’s Hope in
the montane zone (BC CDC, 2013).
Low
Porcupinegrass
Hesperostipa spartea
S2
Red
Dry to mesic grassy slopes and open forests in the steppe and
montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002).
Low
S2S3
Blue
S1
Red
Fennel-leaved desertparsley
Juncus arcticus ssp.
alaskanus
Lomatium foeniculaceum
var. foeniculaceum
Northern wood-rush
Luzula confusa
S2S3
Blue
Arctic wood-rush
Luzula nivalis
S2S3
Blue
Rusty wood-rush
Luzula rufescens
S2S3
Blue
Davis’ locoweed
Oxytropis campestris
var. davisii
S3
Blue
Slender penstemon
Penstemon gracilis
S2
Red
Arctic rush
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Tidal flats and lakeshores in the lowland montane zones; rare in
northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry grassy slopes in the montane zone; rare in northeast BC
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry to moist rocky cliffs and slopes in the alpine zone (Douglas
et al., 2002).
Moist meadows, shrubby slopes, and snowbed sites in the
subalpine and alpine zones; rare in northern BC (Douglas et al.,
2002).
Dry to mesic open forests and forest margins, gravel bars,
riverbanks, and wetland edges in the montane zone; rare in
northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry to mesic sandy, gravelly or rock sites, river bars, terraces,
rock outcrops, grassy slopes, meadows, clearings, roadsides,
alpine tundra and heath, and open forests in the steppe, montane,
subalpine, and alpine zones (Douglas et al., 2002); recorded
location in the Pine River valley, east of Chetwynd (BC CDC,
2013).
Dry to moist, sandy, or rocky grasslands; rare in northeast BC
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
January 2014
BC
List
Habitat Comments
Potential
to Occur
in LSA
Hairy butterwort
Pinguicula villosa
S2S3
Blue
Sphagnum bogs and ponds in the lowland and montane zones;
rare in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Low
Canada ryegrass
Piptatherum canadense
SH
Red
Dry slopes, grasslands, and open forests (BC CDC, 2013).
Low
Northern Jacob’s
ladder
Polemonium boreale
S2S3
Blue
Seneca-snakeroot
Polygala senega
SH
Red
Siberian polypody
Polypodium sibiricum
SH
Red
Purple rattlesnakeroot
Prenanthes racemosa
SH
Red
White wintergreen
Pyrola elliptica
S2S3
Blue
Heart-leaved
buttercup
Ranunculus
cardiophyllus
S1
Red
Birdfoot buttercup
Ranunculus pedatifidus
ssp. affinis
S2S3
Blue
Prairie buttercup
Ranunculus rhomboideus
S1
Red
Arkansas rose
Rosa arkansana var.
arkansana
S2S3
Blue
Arctic dock
Rumex arcticus
S3
Blue
Meadow willow
Salix petiolaris
S2S3
Blue
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Mesic to dry meadows, tundra, scree slopes, and rock outcrops
in the montane to alpine zones; rare east of Coast-Cascade
Mountains and north of 52°N (Douglas et al., 2002).
Moist to mesic grassy slopes in the montane zone; rare in
northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry to mesic rocks in the montane zone; rare in northeast BC
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry grassy slopes in the montane zone; rare in northeast BC
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry to moist forests in the montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002);
recorded locations in the Dawson Creek and Fort St. John area
(Klinkenberg, 2013a).
Moist to mesic grasslands, meadows, and forest openings; rare
in BC (Klinkenberg, 2013a).
Moist meadows in the montane to alpine zone; rare in BC east
of the Coast-Cascade Mountains (Douglas et al., 2002);
recorded locations near Mackenzie, BC and Bullmoose
Mountain (BC CDC, 2013).
Dry grasslands, thickets, and open forests in the montane zone;
rare in northeast BC (Douglas et al., 2002); recorded occurrence
near Dawson Creek in a grazed meadow (BC CDC, 2013).
Dry grassy slopes, cutbanks, thickets, and open forests in the
montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002); recorded presence near
Williston Lake and along the Peace River (BC CDC, 2013).
Moist to wet meadows, streambanks and forest openings from
the montane to alpine zones; generally rare in northern BC
(Douglas et al., 2002)
Occurs in wet thickets in the lower montane zone (Douglas et
al., 2002).
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Page 25
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
January 2014
BC
List
Autumn willow
Salix serissima
S2S3
Blue
Common pitcherplant
Sarracenia purpurea ssp.
purpurea
S2S3
Blue
Rock selanginella
Selanginella rupestris
S1
Red
Senecio sheldonensis
S2S3
Blue
Silene drummondii var.
drummondii
S3
Blue
Slender wedgegrass
Sphenopholis intermedia
S3
Blue
Sheathing pondweed
Stuckenia vaginata
S2S3
Blue
Purple-stemmed aster
Symphyotrichum
puniceum var. puniceum
S3
Blue
Marsh fleabane
Tephroseris palustris
S1S3
Red
Ochroleucous
bladderwort
Utricularia ochroleuca
S2S3
Blue
Mount Sheldon
butterweed
Drummond’s
campion
Habitat Comments
Wet thickets, meadows, and fens in the montane zone (Douglas
et al., 2002).
Bogs and fens in the montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002);
recorded location at Bear Mountain, south of Dawson Creek,
BC (BC CDC, 2013).
Dry, grassy ridges in the montane zone; rare in northeast BC
(Douglas et al., 2002).
West to moist meadows and forests openings in the montane to
alpine zones (Douglas et al., 2002).
Dry sites in the steppe to alpine zones; rare in BC east of the
Coast-Cascade Mountains (Douglas et al., 2002).
Moist meadows and streambanks, shallow ponds, and hot
springs in the steppe and montane zones (Douglas et al., 2002).
Lakes in the montane zone; rare in BC east of the CoastCascade Mountains (BC CDC, 2013).
Moist streambanks, wetlands, and openings in the montane zone
(Douglas et al., 2002).
Wet to moist streambanks, lakeshores, ponds, and marshes in
the montane zone (Douglas et al., 2002).
Oligotrophic and dystrophic lakes in the montane zone (Douglas
et al., 2002).
Potential
to Occur
in LSA
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Low
S1 = critically imperiled; especially susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to extreme rarity or other factors
S2 = imperiled; very susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to rarity or other factors
S3 = special concern, vulnerable to extirpation or extinction due to restricted range or other factors
S4 = apparently secure; uncommon but not rare; widespread in BC
SH = historical; not located in the last 50 years
Red-listed = candidates for extirpated, endangered, or threatened status rankings
Blue-listed = species of special concern
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Table 5. Red and blue-listed non-vascular plants within the BWBSmw zone in the Peace Forest District
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
BC
List
Amblyodon moss;
short-tooth hump-moss
Amblyodon dealbatus
S3
Blue
Thread-moss
Bryum stenotrichum
S2S3
Blue
Cernuous thread-moss
Bryum uliginosum
S2S3
Blue
Meesia moss
Meesia longiseta
S3
Blue
Elegant lanceolate leaf
rock moss
Orthotrichum
speciosum var. elegans
S2S3
Blue
No common name
Schistidium pulchrum
S2S3
Blue
Habitat Comments
Fens and meadows with organic soils; found in northeast BC,
though no confirmed locations near Project (Klinkenberg,
2013b).
Known from a high sandstone outcrop terrace and shaded
humid cliff ledge (Klinkenberg, 2013b).
One recorded location in BC near the east Pine River, with
sandstone and calcareous shale outcrops in a dry lodgepole
pine (Pinus contorta) – white spruce (Picea glauca) forest
(Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Found along damp slopes and peatlands; recorded location
near Dawson Creek, in an open transitional poor fen near the
Pine River (Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Very little known habitat information; known locations on wet
conifer and deciduous (birch, maple) trees (Klinkenberg,
2013b).
Unknown habitat affinities
Potential to
Occur in
LSA
Low
Low
Low
Low
Unknown
Unknown
S1 = critically imperiled; especially susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to extreme rarity or other factors
S2 = imperiled; very susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to rarity or other factors
S3 = special concern, vulnerable to extirpation or extinction due to restricted range or other factors
S4 = apparently secure; uncommon but not rare; widespread in BC
SH = historical; not located in the last 50 years
Red-listed = candidates for extirpated, endangered, or threatened status rankings
Blue-listed = species of special concern
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Page 27
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.7.5
January 2014
Non-native and Invasive Species
A search of the BC MFLNRO Invasive Alien Plant Program (IAPP) database found multiple
occurrences of invasive plants along linear corridors in the Pine River valley (BC MFLNRO,
2013c). Common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) occurs most frequently, but oxeye daisy
(Leucanthemum vulgare), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare),
meadow salsify (Tragopogon pratensis), and perennial sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis) also occur
within 1 km of the Project.
The following noxious and nuisance weed species were observed within the LSA during field
surveys conducted in July 2013: Canada thistle, oxeye daisy, sow-thistle (Sonchus spp.), scentless
mayweed (Tripleurospermum inodorum), bull thistle, foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum), and
pineapple weed (Matricaria discoidea).
2.8
Wetlands
The LSA and RSA boundaries for the Wetlands VC are 30 m and 1 km, respectively from the
Project footprint.
The importance of wetlands to ecological communities is well understood. Wetlands filter water,
recharge groundwater, mitigate the effects of flooding and droughts, remove carbon from the
atmosphere, and support diverse flora and fauna (Ducks Unlimited Canada, 2011). Wetlands
typically develop in response to a number of underlying factors including the depth of the water
table, the degree of water flows, and the availability of nutrients. Resulting vegetation in a given
wetland is composed of species adapted to varying degrees of flooding frequency and duration,
wave energy, and available dissolved minerals (Ducks Unlimited Canada, 2011). Wetlands are
relatively common in the BWBS BEC zone as short, cool growing seasons promote peatland
formation in wet depressions (DeLong et al., 2011).
Wetlands were classified in the field using the site-series methodology found in MacKenzie and
Moran (2004) and the criteria found in DeLong et al. (2011). Two wetland associations,
representing approximately 5% of the LSA, are present. A water sedge-beaked sedge fen (Wf01),
mixed with areas of shallow open water (Ww), is located within the ROW at the northwest
boundary of the LSA. Fens are groundwater fed, resulting in relatively high mineral content within
the rooting zone, and develop where the water table is at or just below the surface for most of the
growing season (MacKenzie and Moran, 2004). In addition to deciduous shrubs and brown
mosses, fens often contain marsh-like vegetation (e.g., sedges), and minerotrophic species are
common (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2007). Two small swamp horsetail – beaked sedge marshes
(Wm02) are situated north of the ROW and are unlikely to be affected by Project activities.
Marshes are shallow, flooded mineral wetlands dominated by emergent vegetation. Although
common in association with larger lakes and river systems, marshes are typically smaller in area
than other wetland associations (DeLong et al, 2011).
Wetlands present in the LSA provide high value habitats for a number of wildlife species, including
migratory birds (see Section 2.10).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.9
January 2014
Fish and Fish Habitat
The study areas (LSA and RSA) for fish and fish habitat are the same as those for water quality
and quantity (LSA: 200 m upstream and 400 m downstream from the Project footprint; RSA 2 km
from the Project footprint).
Pine River is the only fish bearing watercourse present in the LSA. The unnamed tributary located
in the northwest portion of the LSA does not have direct connection to the Pine River and is nonfish bearing. Tributaries to the Pine River that occur in the RSA include Ivorline Creek
(approximately 600 m south of the Project), Hasler Creek (approximately 2.7 km east of the
Project), and Johnsen Creek (a tributary to Hasler Creek, approximately 3 km southeast of the
Project). Hasler Creek joins the Pine River approximately 30 km west of Chetwynd. Johnsen Creek
joins Hasler Creek approximately 2 km upstream of the Pine River confluence.
Previous pipeline protection works were completed on this crossing in 1995. Works included
armouring the east bank, installation of a key strip, and armouring of the river bed with the use of
instream rock groynes (AGRA, 1995). The west bank was also previously armoured.
2.9.1
Background Species Information
The Pine River is known to contain a variety of fish species, including: Largescale Sucker
(Catostomus macrocheilus), White Sucker (Catostomus commersonii), Longnose Sucker
(Catostomus catostomus), Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), Slimy Sculpin (Cottus
cognatus), Lake Chub (Couesius plumbeus), Northern Pike (Esox lucius), Burbot (Lota lota),
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Trout-Perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), Finescale Dace
(Chrosomus neogaeus), Flathead Chub (Platygobio gracilis), Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium
williamsoni), Northern Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis), Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys
cataractae), Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus), Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentus), Dolly
Varden (Salvelinus malma)1, Walleye (Sander vitreus), and Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus)
(BC MOE, 2013b). All of the above-noted species may potentially occur at the Project crossing
location.
There is no documented fish presence in Ivorline Creek (BC MOE, 2013b). Hasler Creek and
Johnsen Creek provide habitat for salmonid species, including Bull Trout, Arctic Grayling,
Rainbow Trout, and Mountain Whitefish, and non-salmonid species, including Slimy Sculpin,
Longnose Dace, Northern Pikeminnow, and Redside Shiner (BC MOE, 2013b).
2.9.2
Field Assessments
A site assessment was conducted in July 2013 using criteria from the Fish-stream Identification
Guidebook (FPC, 1998) and Reconnaissance (1:20,000) Fish and Fish Habitat Inventory:
Standards and Procedures (RIC, 2001). The assessment of fish habitat within the LSA consisted
of ground inspections at the crossing location of the Pine River, as well as Ivorline Creek.
Records of Dolly Varden in the Pine River are most likely Bull Trout, based on morphological and genetic evidence
presented in Haas and McPhail (1991).
1
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Suitability for sport and non-sport fish species were assessed based on an assessment of habitat
quality at the proposed crossing, as well as both upstream and downstream of the crossing.
In the general area of the crossing, the Pine River meanders between actively eroding banks (on
the outside bends) and well-developed sand/gravel bars (on the inside bends) (Attachment 4,
Photos 11 and 12). The reach of the Pine River at the crossing consists of glide-pool habitat with
a section of riffle that begins at the downstream extent of the ROW (Attachment 4, Photo 13). The
channel width varies from 46 to 55 m wide. The wetted width at the time of survey was 42 m.
Glide habitat is present upstream of the crossing location (Attachment 4, Photo 15). Undercut
banks with a pool, which may be suitable for overwintering, are present on the west bank along an
outside meander bend. The downstream area consists of a mixture of riffle-pool and glide habitat.
Gravels are present, as is large woody debris. Banks within the ROW are sparsely vegetated,
containing willow shrubs on the west bank and weedy forbs on the east bank. A small section of
rip rap is located on the downstream end of the east bank (within the ROW); however, extensive
erosion of the sandy banks has occurred on the upstream end of the ROW. Assessment of spawning
habitat potential was difficult due to the presence of turbid water. Gravel patches were covered
with fines (from the upstream eroding banks), likely rendering them unsuitable for salmonid
spawning. However, large woody debris is present throughout and a large pool is present on the
upstream portion of the ROW (Attachment 4, Photo 14). Overall this reach of the Pine River is
rated as Important (BC MFLNRO, BC MOE, and DFO, 2012) due to the high-value rearing habitat
and potential overwintering habitat present. Habitats with cleaner gravels and riparian cover are
available elsewhere within the Pine River mainstem, including upstream and downstream of the
crossing. As such, habitats within the LSA are not deemed to be critical to Pine River fish
populations.
Ivorline Creek was dry at the time of assessment, and therefore was not sampled. The channel does
not appear to provide spawning or overwintering habitat, even when wetted (Attachment 4, Photo
16). The substrate is dominated by fines mixed with cobbles and has an approximate channel width
of 1 m. There is a 2 m drop at 35% slope down to the Pine River; however, during higher waters
in the Pine River, the channel is likely backwatered. Due to the presence of instream complexity
(e.g., woody debris), fish may use lower portions of the channel, at the confluence with the Pine
River.
Assessments of other tributaries within the RSA were not completed as works associated with the
Project will not interact with these watercourses. Hasler and Johnsen creeks join the Pine River
downstream but will not be affected by the Project, and therefore, assessments of these tributaries
were also not completed. Previous studies indicate that Hasler Creek provides migratory and
rearing habitat at its lower reaches, downstream of its confluence with Johnsen Creek. Upstream
of the confluence, fish habitat has been rated as good to excellent with several potential spawning
locations up to a 200 m long high gradient chute, which is likely impassable to fish at low to
moderate flows (Stockwell and Allen, 1997). Johnsen Creek has a 2 m high rock falls that occur
approximately 1.5 km from its confluence with Hasler Creek. The falls are a barrier to fish passage.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.9.3
January 2014
Species of Conservation Concern
A search of BCSEE found one Red-listed and six Blue-listed fish species that occur within the
Peace Forest District (Table 6). Of the provincially-listed species, only one, Bull Trout, has a
documented presence in the Pine River and many of its tributaries, with important spawning habitat
located throughout the Pine River watershed. Bull Trout was designated as a species of special
concern by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC, 2012),
but does not yet have federal designation or protection under the federal Species at Risk Act. Bull
Trout has also been designated as a “key indicator” species in the Dawson Creek Land and
Resource Management Plan (LRMP) (BC ILMB, 1999) and an “identified wildlife” species under
BC’s Identified Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP, 2004). Key indicator species are
defined as regionally important, threatened, or endangered species within the planning area (e.g.,
forest district). Primary threats to BC populations include habitat fragmentation and angling
pressure.
Bull Trout are rarely found in waters with temperatures above 15°C (Hammond, 2004). They
require clean, well-oxygenated water, and therefore, their distribution and abundance are highly
influenced by hydrologic and channel stability. Spawning occurs in areas with groundwater
upwelling, which provides thermal stability for eggs incubating over the winter months
(Hammond, 2004). Adults are primarily piscivorous and are highly dependent on cover (i.e., deep
pools, woody debris, and undercut banks) while foraging. Fry feed on benthic aquatic insects and
tend to be associated with low velocity, shallow water side channels with abundant cover. Older
juveniles prefer pool habitat over riffles or runs. Overwintering habitat requires overhead cover,
deep, low velocity water, and the absence of anchor ice (Hammond, 2004).
Bull Trout in the Pine River are known to begin spawning migration and staging in August, with
peak spawning occurring during the first three weeks of September. By late September, the
majority of migrating Bull Trout are located in the lower reaches of the Pine River (Goddard, pers.
comm., 2013).
Due to the presence of fines, this reach is unlikely to be used as spawning for Bull Trout (or other
salmonids such as Mountain Whitefish or Arctic Grayling). Furthermore, known Bull Trout
spawning locations have been mapped and are present in the upper reaches of the Pine River (in
the vicinity of Callazon Creek and above) (Goddard, pers. comm., 2013). Overwintering habitat
may be provided by the pools present throughout the reach, especially the deep pool against the
west bank, upstream of the crossing. This particular reach of the Pine River is also likely used for
rearing (habitat complexity provided by LWD and undercut banks) and as a migratory corridor,
for travelling to and from spawning and overwintering areas.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Table 6. Red- and blue-listed fish species located in the Peace Forest District
Potential
to Occur
in the LSA
Common Name
Scientific Name
Provincial
Status
Northern
Redbelly Dace
Chrosomus eos
S3
Blue
Low
Northern
Redbelly Dace X
Finescale Dace
Chrosomus eos x
Chrosomus
neogaeus
Often found in slow boggy streams and shallow,
boggy lakes; waters are usually tannic (McPhail,
2007; BC CDC, 2013).
S2S3
Blue
Likely have similar habitat requirements as Northern
Redbelly Dace (McPhail, 2007).
Low
Goldeye
Hiodon alosoides
S3
Blue
Northern Pearl
Dace
Margariscus
nachtriebi
S3
Blue
Spottail Shiner
Notropis hudsonius
S1S2
Red
Westslope
Cutthroat Trout,
lewisi subspecies
Oncorhynchus
clarkii lewisi
S3
Blue
SARA-SC
(2010)
Bull Trout
Salvelinus
confluentus
S3S4
Blue
COSEWICSC (2012)
BC List
SARA
Habitat Comments
In BC, populations are confined to large, turbid
rivers and are known from the lower Peace River
(McPhail, 2007).
Reported sporadically in the lower Peace and Liard
systems, though many are likely misidentified Lake
Chub; most are collected in sluggish, stained streams
or small lakes (McPhail, 2007).
In BC native only to Maxhamish Lake, in the lower
Liard River system, though some populations have
been introduced into the Peace River system; adults
typically found in large rivers and lakes (McPhail,
2007); “identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP,
2004).
Native range is along the western slope of the Rocky
Mountains in southern BC; presence in northeast BC
due to introductions into lakes of the Peace River
system (McPhail, 2007).
Cold water species that is widely distributed
throughout BC including the Pine River; rarely
found in waters that exceed 15°C (McPhail, 2007);
“identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified Wildlife
Management Strategy (BC MWLAP, 2004).
Low
Low
Low
Low
High
S1 = critically imperiled; especially susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to extreme rarity or other factors
S2 = imperiled; very susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to rarity or other factors
S3 = special concern, vulnerable to extirpation or extinction due to restricted range or other factors
S4 = apparently secure; uncommon but not rare; widespread in BC
Red-listed = candidates for extirpated, endangered, or threatened status rankings; Blue-listed = species of special concern
COSEWIC-SC = Assessed by COSEWIC to be a species of special concern
SARA-SC = Listed as a species of special concern on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.10
January 2014
Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat
As potential effects to vegetation have implications for wildlife habitat, the LSA for considering
potential effects to wildlife and wildlife habitat is the same as for vegetation, a minimum of 30 m
surrounding the Project. A 5 km RSA boundary around the Project footprint is sufficient to address
potential cumulative effects, if any.
2.10.1
Background Wildlife Information
The forests of the Hart Foothills Ecosection provide suitable habitat for many large mammals,
including American Black Bear (Ursus americanus), Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos), Grey Wolf
(Canis lupus), Coyote (Canis latrans), Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis), Mule Deer (Odocoileus
hemionus hemionus), Moose (Alces americanus), and Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)
(DeLong et al., 1991). Smaller mammals such as Wolverine (Gulo gulo), Pacific Marten (Martes
caurina), Fisher (Pekania pennanti), and Beaver (Castor canadensis) are also present. River and
stream systems, such as the Pine River and its tributaries, provide migration corridors for wildlife
as well as important breeding and nesting habitat, and are designated ‘Special Management’ in the
Dawson Creek LRMP (BC ILMB, 1999).
Songbirds are highly prevalent within the BWBSmw BEC zone in the Hart Foothills Ecosection.
Songbird observations have been recorded in areas adjacent to the LSA, including the Hasler area,
approximately 2.5 km southeast of the Project, and along the Highway 97 corridor, approximately
4 km northwest of the Project. The most common species include Pine Siskin (Spinus pinus),
Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia), Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus), Warbling Vireo
(Vireo gilvus), White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), Northern Waterthrush (Parkesia
noveboracensis), Dusky Flycatcher (Empidonax oberholseri), MacGillivray's Warbler (Oporornis
tolmiei), American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina),
Wilson’s Snipe (Gallinago delicata), Wilson’s Warbler (Cardellina pusilla), American Robin
(Turdus migratorius), Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus), Red Eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus),
and Tennessee Warbler (Oreothlypis peregrina). Canada Warbler (Cardellina canadensis) has also
been observed along the highway ROW (Data BC, 2013).
The Common Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is known to occur in northeastern BC.
Observations of five amphibian species have been recorded in northern and north-central BC:
Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus), Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum), Boreal
Chorus Frog (Pseudoacris maculata), Columbia Spotted Frog (Rana luteiventris), and Western
Toad (Anaxyrus boreas) (Ovaska and Govindarajulu, 2010).
2.10.2
Regionally Important Wildlife Species
Identified Wildlife are defined as species at risk and regionally important wildlife that require
special management attention under BC Forest and Range Practices legislation, with application
to Crown forest and range land. In the Peace Forest District, Grizzly Bear, Fisher, Wolverine,
Caribou, Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus), Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis), Nelson’s Sparrow
(Ammodramus nelsoni) and warblers have been designated as “identified wildlife” (BC MWLAP,
2004). A list of regionally important wildlife, as defined under BC’s Identified Wildlife
Management Strategy, has not yet been developed. However, for the purposes of this report,
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
regionally important species are considered to be equivalent to “key indicator” species designated
in the Dawson Creek LRMP (BC ILMB, 1999). Key indicator species are defined as regionally
important, threatened, or endangered species, for which habitat protection is necessary to sustain
viable, genetically diverse populations (BC ILMB, 1999). Regionally important species are also
of particular importance to First Nations, guide outfitters, trappers, hunters, non-consumptive
wildlife users, and other stakeholders. Based on the wildlife habitat assessment (see Section 2.10.3)
and known habitat affinities, warblers, carnivores, ungulates, and small furbearers have a high
potential to occur in the LSA.
Table 7. Key indicator (regionally important) wildlife species in the LSA
Scientific Name
Common Name
Potential to Occur in LSA
Passerine songbirds (e.g., warblers)
N/A
High
Bighorn Sheep
Ovis canadensis
Low
Mountain Goat
Oreamnos americanus
Low
Moose
Alces americanus
High
White-tailed Deer
Odocoileus virginianus
High
Mule deer
Odocoileus hemionus hemionus
High
Elk
Cervus elaphus nelsoni
High
Woodland caribou
Rangifer tarandus caribou
Low
Grizzly Bear
Ursus arctos
Moderate
Small furbearers (e.g., Marten, Fisher,
N/A
Wolverine)
High (species dependent)
*Identified in Dawson Creek Land and Resource Management Plan (BC ILMB, 1999)
2.10.3
Wildlife Habitat Assessment
The purpose of the wildlife habitat assessment conducted in July 2013 was to identify important
wildlife habitats and wildlife presence in the vicinity of the Project, including resident and
migratory species and species of concern. Methods used to assess potential effects to wildlife
within the LSA included:

Gathering and reviewing existing information relevant to identifying the capability,
suitability, and potential significance of available wildlife habitats at provincial, regional,
and sub-regional levels;

Completing a field survey to identify and describe site conditions, species presence, and
patterns of utilization;

Identifying species groupings and species of special management concern that could be
affected by Project activities; and,
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project

January 2014
Identifying any information gaps and methods that could be employed to improve
information to a level that would support decision-making and determine follow-up
assessments.
Because many wildlife species are migratory and/or generally avoid human contact, specific
searches for wildlife species were not conducted by field crews. Rather, the field survey was
completed by walking the LSA to the extent feasible. Field crews recorded baseline reconnaissance
information such as the presence or absence of species, and made note of important wildlife habitat
features and habitat that may indicate use by wildlife species, including listed and regionally
important species.
As mentioned in Section 2.7.3, the west layout area was not assessed during field surveys in July
2013. The area is largely located on cleared agricultural land, although some small forested
sections are present. Polygons have been identified using available orthophotos (RISC, 2009),
which provides some indication regarding the quality and quantity of wildlife habitat. However,
due to the high potential for the occurrence of listed wildlife species (see Section 2.10.5) in the
general area, a wildlife and wildlife habitat survey will be conducted prior to any clearing
activities. Given the disturbed nature of the area, it is anticipated that wildlife values will be low
when compared to the rest of the LSA.
2.10.4
Species and Species Sign Observations
Signs of 15 wildlife species were observed during the field assessment in July 2013 (Table 8). The
LSA contains multiple habitat types (e.g., wetland and broad-leaf ecological communities), which
provide diverse habitat features for a variety of wildlife species. Moose and beaver sign were
prevalent throughout the LSA, particularly in wetland and floodplain ecological communities.
Generally, the majority of wildlife, particularly songbirds, was observed in wetland areas with
several species of migratory birds observed in the open water wetland area in polygon 6. No active
nests were observed in the LSA. Given that the timing of the field survey coincided with
nesting/breeding season, it is reasonable to assume that some of the songbird species observed
were nesting in the general area.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Table 8. Wildlife species observed in the LSA
Common Name
Scientific Name
Signs Used to
Identify Species
Comments
Mammals
Generally observed in wetland
areas (marshes, open water);
activity noted in Polygons 2, 3,
and 6 appears recent
Tracks observed within or
adjacent to the riparian area of
the Pine River
Beaver
Castor canadensis
Dam, lodge
Mule Deer
Odocoileus hemionus
hemionus
Tracks
Elk
Cervus elaphus nelsoni
Tracks
Tracks observed adjacent to the
Pine River
Moose
Alces americanus
Tracks, rub, lay
Most commonly observed in
wetland and floodplain areas
American Black
Bear
Ursus americanus
Track
Tracks observed adjacent to the
Pine River.
Red-tailed Hawk
Buteo jamaicensis
Visual
No nest observed
Diving Duck
Aythya spp.
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 6)
Red-winged
Blackbird
Aglaius phoeniceus
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 6)
Varied Thrush
Ixoreus naevius
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 6)
Dark-eyed Junco
Junco hyemalis
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 5
6) and Polygon 18
Spotted Sandpiper
Actitis macularia
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 6)
House Sparrow
Passer domesticus
Visual
Observed in an open water area
(Polygon 6)
American Robin
Turdus migratorius
Visual
Observed in Polygon 18
Black-billed
Magpie
Pica hudsonia
Visual
Observed in Polygon 18
Visual
Observed in an isolated pool
adjacent to the Pine River
(Polygon 14); species unknown,
but likely Western Toad
(Anaxyrus boreas) based on
habitat and timing
Birds
Amphibians
Tadpoles
N/A
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
2.10.5
January 2014
Wildlife Species at Risk
Red-, blue-, COSEWIC-, and SARA-listed wildlife species that potentially occur in the LSA and
RSA were compiled using the BC SEE web utility, COSEWIC’s online search engine, and the
SARA registry (BC CDC, 2013; COSEWIC, 2013; SARA, 2013). Search criteria were limited to
species within the Peace Forest District. Nineteen Red-listed species (8 birds, 4 mammals, and 7
invertebrates) and 34 blue-listed species (11 birds, 1 amphibian, 6 mammals, and 16 invertebrates)
have the potential to occur in the LSA and RSA (Table 9). None were observed during field
surveys, though two blue-listed bird species, Canada Warbler and Black-throated Green Warbler
(Setophaga virens) have been observed along the highway ROW (Data BC, 2013). The red-listed
Connecticut Warbler (Oporornis agilis) has also been recorded approximately 5 km from the LSA.
The Project is located within the range of the Hart Grizzly Bear population unit. Grizzly Bear is
blue-listed in BC and has a moderate probability of occurring near the Project site. Fisher, which
occurs in low densities throughout northern and central BC, has a moderate probability of
occurring within portions of the LSA, as they have a strong affinity for forest riparian areas;
however, no documented presence in the general area was found. Females typically give birth in
late winter (February to early April) in maternal dens located in cavities of large declining
deciduous trees (e.g., black cottonwood or balsam poplar; Weir, 2003).
Ten species with the potential to occur in the BWBS BEC zone in the Peace Forest District are
listed on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act: Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor), which is
yellow-listed in BC (secure), Canada Warbler, Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus), Yellow Rail
(Coturnicops noveboracensis), Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus), Olive-sided Flycatcher
(Contopus cooperi), Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas), Wood Bison (Bos bison athabascae),
Plains Bison (Bos bison bison), and Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Rusty
Blackbird, Olive-sided Flycatcher, and Canada Warbler have a high probability of occurring
during nesting season in the LSA due to the presence of suitable habitats and documented presence
in the area (Table 9). Breeding dates (encompassing pre-laying to fledgling) in the Peace Region
for the three SARA-listed species range from mid-May to late July (BC MOE, 2009).
Tadpoles that were observed in a ponded area adjacent to the Pine River are likely Western Toad,
based on tadpole shape, habitat, and timing; however, adults were not observed during field
surveys. The species tends to be associated with riparian and wetland/ponded habitats adjacent to
forested areas (Wind and Dupuis, 2002), and therefore also has a high probability of occurring in
the LSA. Western Toads undertake yearly migrations from hibernation sites to communal breeding
ponds, and then to upland summer foraging sites. Breeding occurs in the spring, but is temperature
dependent, beginning when daily minimum temperatures are above 0°C and daily maximum
temperatures are above 10°C. Depending on the location, breeding will typically occur in May or
June. Tadpoles emerge 3 to 10 days later (again, temperature dependent), with development from
tadpole to toadlet occurring within 6 to 8 weeks. Western Toad breeds in a variety of aquatic
habitats, with or without cover, including ponds, stream edges, or shallow margins of lakes, and
exhibits strong site fidelity. Outside of breeding season, adult toads move into a variety of upland
habitats, including wetlands, and tend to favour dense shrub cover for protection from desiccation
and predation (Wind and Dupuis, 2002).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
The LSA does not contain critical caribou habitat, as defined by the Species at Risk Act (SARA,
2013), or Wildlife Habitat Areas (WHAs) and Ungulate Winter Range (UWR), as defined by the
BC Forest and Range Practices Act (Data BC, 2013). However, the Project falls within the
designated boundary of the Implementation Plan for the Ongoing Management of South Peace
Northern Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou, pop. 15) in British Columbia (BC MOE, 2013c).
Three distinct ecotypes of Woodland Caribou exist in BC; the ecotypes are defined by differences
in habitat use, behaviour patterns, and migration patterns (Heard and Vagt, 1998). South Peace
Northern Caribou, comprised of seven herds, are of the northern ecotype and are blue-listed in BC;
however, they are included as part of the Southern Mountain Caribou population designated by
COSEWIC (2002) and are listed as Threatened on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act. The
Project is located within the boundaries of the Burnt-Pine herd range, though it does not fall within
documented summer or winter high or low elevation range (Data BC, 2013). The Burnt-Pine
caribou herd has steadily declined and is now considered to be extirpated, although occasionally
caribou immigrate from adjacent ranges (Kennedy Siding, Moberly and Scott) (Seip and Jones,
2013). South Peace Northern Caribou generally utilize habitats at higher elevations (alpine or subalpine areas). Use of Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBS) and BWBS BEC zones that occur in valley bottoms
at lower elevations is rare (Jones, 2008).
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Table 9. Red and blue-listed wildlife species occurring in the BWBS BEC zone of the Peace Forest District
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
COSEWIC
SARA
Habitat Comments
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Birds
Le Conte’s
Sparrow
Ammodramus
leconteii
Blue
S3S4B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Nelson’s
Sparrow
Ammodramus
nelsoni
Red
S2B
Not at Risk
Not Listed
Short-eared
oOwl
Asio flammeus
Blue
S3BS2N
Special
Concern
Special
Concern
Upland
Sandpiper
Bartramia
longicauda
Red
S1S2B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Seasonal resident and confirmed breeder in
eastern portions of the Peace Forest District,
though no recorded locations near the Project;
prefers sedge fields and dense, tall grass meadows
near water; very sparsely distributed (BC CDC,
2013).
Seasonal resident and confirmed breeder in
eastern portions of the Peace Region. Confirmed
breeding locations in the Fort St. John and
Dawson Creek areas. Breeding habitats include
cattail marshes on lake edges and wet meadows
(BC MWLAP, 2004).
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP,
2004); breeding range includes the Peace River
lowlands; nest in open areas such as fallow fields,
dry marshes, and grasslands with ground cover
sufficient to cover nests (BC MWLAP, 2004). In
BC, nests tend to be found in shrubby fields
within agricultural areas (BC MOE, 2005);
confirmed breeding locations in the Dawson
Creek and Fort St. John areas, but none near the
Project (BC CDC, 2013).
Confirmed breeder in the Peace Forest District.
Nests occur in clear-cuts, pastures, and
agricultural fields, primarily between Chetwynd
and Dawson Creek; restricted primarily to
extensive, open tracts of short grassland habitat.
Nest in native prairie, dry meadows, pastures,
domestic hayfields, short-grass savanna, plowed
fields, along highway ROWs and on airfields, and
(in the north) peatlands and scattered woodlands
near the timberline (BC CDC, 2013).
Low
Low
Low
Low
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
American
Bittern
Botaurus
lentiginosus
Blue
S3B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Broadwinged
Hawk
Buteo platypterus
Blue
S3B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Swainson’s
Hawk
Buteo swainsoni
Blue
S3B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Canada
Warbler
Cardellina
canadensis
Blue
S3S4B
Threatened
Threatened
Lark
Sparrow
Chondestes
grammacus
Red
S2B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Confirmed breeder in the Peace Forest District, in
many BEC zones, including the BWBS. Breeds
and nests primarily in large freshwater marshes or
lake/pond edges with emergent vegetation and
abundant cover (BC BBA, 2013).
Confirmed breeder in the Peace Forest District.
Nests in broadleaf and mixed forest, preferring
denser situations, less frequently in open
woodland; generally perches under or in tree
canopy, forages at openings, edges, and wet areas;
known occurrence 11 km northeast of Chetwynd
(BC CDC, 2013).
Typical nesting habitat in BC is open agricultural
areas, grasslands, and wetlands with nearby
woodlands (BC MOE, 2005); listed as a seasonal
resident and confirmed breeder in the Peace
Forest District, though no locations near the
Project have been recorded (BC CDC, 2013).
Common characteristics of breeding habitat in BC
include mixed woods in floodplains or riparian
areas with slopes nearby, wet sites with colluvial
material and wind-thrown debris, dominant
deciduous, always with a white spruce association
with shrubby understories. Breeds in welldeveloped shrub layers of moist, mixed forests
(COSEWIC, 2008). Nests placed on or near the
ground in moss-covered logs, beneath stream
bank overhangs, in grass hummock, or beside a
clump of herbs. Documented occurrences in the
Chetwynd and Moberly Lake areas, as well as in
the Pine River valley 2 km north of the Project
area (BC CDC, 2013).
Summer resident in low elevation grassland areas
with tall shrubs, mostly in southern BC interior.
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Moderate
Moderate
High
Low
Page 40
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Olive-sided
Flycatcher
Contopus cooperi
Blue
S3S4B
Threatened
Threatened
Yellow Rail
Coturnicops
noveboracensis
Red
S2B
Special
Concern
Special
Concern
Rusty
Blackbird
Euphagus
carolinus
Blue
S3S4B
Special
Concern
Special
Concern
Barn
Swallow
Hirundo rustica
Blue
S3S4B
Threatened
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Confirmed breeding locations 15 km NE of
Project, along Commotion Creek and additional
locations along the Pine River watershed.
Associated with habitats adjacent to wetlands in
open areas with tall trees or snags for perching
(COSEWIC, 2007). Breed in various forest and
woodland habitats: taiga, subalpine coniferous
forest, mixed coniferous-deciduous forest,
burned-over forest, spruce, or tamarack bogs and
other forested wetlands, and along the forested
edges of lakes, ponds, and streams (BC CDC,
2013; Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Range occurs in the eastern portion of the Peace
Forest District. Nest in wetlands with finestemmed sedges, rushes or grasses that occur over
shallow water or wet soils overlain by dead
canopies of previous growth (EC, 2013b).
Breeding confirmed both in the Peace and
Makenzie Forest Districts. Habitat includes moist
woodlands (primarily coniferous), bushy bogs and
fens, and wooded edges of watercourses and
beaver ponds. Nests are in trees or shrubs, usually
in or near water, frequently in conifers up to 6 m
above ground. During migration and winter,
habitat is primarily wooded wetlands and riparian
areas but also includes various open woodlands,
scrub, pastures, and cultivated lands (BC CDC,
2013, BC BBA, 2013). Not included in the
Migratory Birds Convention Act.
Confirmed recent breeder in the Peace Forest
District, including the Pine River watershed
between Mackenzie and Chetwynd. Preferred
habitat is open situations, less frequently in partly
open habitats, frequently near water; nests in
barns or other buildings, under bridges, in caves
or cliff crevices, usually on vertical surfaces close
to ceiling (BC CDC, 2013).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
High
Low
High
Moderate
Page 41
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Short-billed
Dowitcher
Limnodromus
griseus
Blue
S2S3B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Surf Scoter
Melanitta
perspicillata
Blue
S3B, S4N
Not Listed
Not Listed
Connecticut
Warbler
Oporornis agilis
Red
S2B
Not Listed
Not Listed
American
Avocet
Recurvirostra
americana
Blue
S2S3B
Not Listed
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Rare migrant and summer visitor in the BC
interior; occasionally an uncommon autumn
migrant in the Peace Lowlands. Nests in grassy or
mossy tundra and wet meadows in muskeg; nonbreeding birds prefer shallow salt water with soft,
muddy bottoms, but visits various wetlands
during migration (BC CDC, 2013).
Breeding observations occur in the Peace Forest
District, primarily along the Cameron
Lakes/Moberly Lake area. Breeding habitat in
boreal regions is characterized by shallow clear
lakes surrounded by scrub forest. Nests in brushy
tundra, in freshwater marshes, or in wooded areas
near ponds, bogs, or streams. Nests on the ground
in an area protected by vegetative cover (BC
CDC, 2013).
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP,
2004). In the Dawson Creek TSA, this species
prefers aspen-dominated stands. Breeds in spruce
and tamarack bogs, dry ridges, poplar and aspen
woods, moist areas with low shrubby growth,
thick undergrowth, or sapling thickets. In thickets
of low wet woods or wet meadows in migration.
Multiple known occurrences throughout the
Dawson Creek and Fort St. John area including 5
km from the LSA (BC CDC, 2013).
Nests in sparsely vegetated habitats, often on
islands surrounded by deep water, if available. In
BC, nesting tends to occur adjacent to alkali
lakes; a nest was also reported on a hummocky
“island” within an uncultivated field (Gebauer,
2000).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Low
High
Low
Page 42
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Baybreasted
Warbler
Cape May
Warbler
Blackthroated
Green
Warbler
Scientific Name
Setophaga
castanea
Setophaga tigrina
Setophaga virens
BC
List
Red
Red
Blue
Provincial
Status
S1S2B
S2B
S3B
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
January 2014
COSEWIC
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
SARA
Habitat Comments
Not Listed
Breeds in the NE portion of the Peace Forest
Region. Rare and sparsely distributed in BC,
restricted to the Boreal Plains and Taiga Plains
ecoprovinces; occurs in white spruce forest, either
pure or mixed stands which may contain aspen,
birch, and cottonwood (Cooper et al., 1997);
recorded occurrences in Beatton Park, near Fort
St. John (BC CDC, 2013).
Low
Not Listed
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP,
2004). Breeding status confirmed in the Peace
Forest District, primarily east of Project; two
breeding records in 2010 near Pine Lemoray
Provincial Park. Primarily in forests of spruce
(Picea spp.) and/or fir (Abies spp.), typically in
stands >50 years old, >15 m tall, with welldeveloped crowns and some trees that rise above
canopy for use as singing posts; proliferates in
areas heavily infested by spruce-budworm and
may not occur after the outbreak has subsided
(BC CDC, 2013; Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Low
Not Listed
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy (BC MWLAP,
2004). In northeastern BC, nesting habitat
includes mature riparian white spruce or mixed
wood spruce, trembling aspen and balsam poplar
forests. Pure deciduous forests are rarely used in
this province and even a small clump of mature
spruce will attract this species. Usually nests
between 2 – 8 m above ground in mature stands.
Many occurrences located throughout the Peace
Forest District, with multiple breeding evidence
observations recorded within the Project RSA
(BC CDC, 2013).
High
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Habitat Comments
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Amphibians
Western
Toad
Anaxyrus boreas
Blue
S3S4
Special
Concern
Special
Concern
Observed in a variety of aquatic and terrestrial
habitats. Breeds in shallow, littoral zones of lakes,
temporary and permanent pools and wetlands,
bogs and fens, and roadside ditches. Toads utilize
riparian areas and lotic habitats with little to no
flow. Small, moist depressions may be used for
rehydration. Toads utilize a variety of terrestrial
habitats in BC, including all forest and woodland
types, shrubland/chaparral, savanna, cropland/
hedgerow, grassland/herbaceous cover, old fields,
and suburban/orchard. Hibernacula are located in
areas with loose soils and burrows. Two records
of Western Toads occur from the Pine River
watershed, approximately 35 km NE of the
Project, with 3 more near Pine Breaks Provincial
Park and Pine Le Moray Provincial Park (BC
CDC, 2013; Klinkenberg, 2013b).
High
Mammals
Wood Bison
Bos bison
athabascae
Red
S2
Threatened
Threatened
Plains bison
Bos bison bison
Red
SX
Threatened
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Known to exploit coarse grass and sedge
meadows, including industrially disturbed sites
(Gates et al., 2001), with wetland-associated
meadows, open savannah-like shrublands, and dry
grasslands (BC CDC, 2013); found further north
of the Project, along the Alaska Highway
corridor; bogs and fens are unsuitable habitat
(Harper, 2002).
Habitat in BC primarily consists of sedge
meadows and grasslands; known only from the
Pink Mountain area, northwest of Fort St. John
(COSEWIC, 2004).
Low
Low
Page 44
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Wolverine,
luscus
subspecies
Gulo gulo luscus
Blue
S3
Special
Concern
Not Listed
Eastern Red
Bat
Lasiurus borealis
Red
S1
Not Listed
Not Listed
Northern
Myotis
Myotis
septentrionalis
Blue
S2S3
Endangered
Not listed
Fisher
Pekania pennanti
Blue
S2S3
Not listed
Not listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy; found throughout
BC in low densities; home ranges may be as large
as 1,366 km2; highly nomadic and generally
follow higher densities of prey such as caribou,
moose calves, and carrion; mature forest used
most prominently; females tend to situate dens
near tunnels leading to masses of fallen trees
(Weir, 2004).
Prefers forested areas, wooded hedgerows, and
areas with large shade trees (e.g., city parks).
Summer roosts are typically in tree foliage (or in
Spanish moss in some regions), 1.5 - 6 m above
ground; avoids caves and buildings during
summer/winter; non-migratory individuals
hibernate in trees, probably under bark or in
hollow branches; solitary female roosts with
young in tree foliage (BC CDC, 2013);
documented occurrences at Bear Mountain, near
Dawson Creek, BC (Nagorsen and Patterson,
2012).
Roost primarily in cavities, cracks and under
loose bark in mature stands of deciduous trees
(Vonhof and Wilkinson, 2000).
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy; strong affinity for
forested riparian areas and late successional
forests; tend to avoid areas that lack overstory
cover, and in winter, areas with soft snow;
females birth and rear young exclusively in large
diameter black cottonwood or balsam poplar;
suitable habitat may be present in the LSA, but
fisher occur in low densities in BC
(approximately 1 animal per 65-100 km2 (Weir,
2003).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Low
Low
Moderate
Page 45
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Woodland
Caribou,
northern
ecotype
(pop. 15)
Rangifer tarandus
caribou
Blue
S3
Threatened
Threatened
Grizzly Bear
Ursus arctos
Blue
S3
Special
Concern
Not Listed
Habitat Comments
The species generally resides in alpine and
subalpine areas and feeds on terrestrial lichens
(Cladina sp., Cladonia sp., Cetraria sp. and
Stereocaulon sp.); known habitat ranges in northcentral BC (BC CDC, 2013). The Project falls
within the boundaries of the Burnt-Pine herd of
South Peace Northern Caribou; however, the
Burnt Pine herd is considered to be extirpated
(Seip and Jones, 2013).
“Identified wildlife” under BC’s Identified
Wildlife Management Strategy; wide-ranging
species with large home ranges. They occupy a
diverse array of habitats, including mountains,
forested areas, open slopes, and mountain tundra.
Harvest records indicate potential presence in the
RSA (Klinkenberg, 2013b); Hart population
density is estimated to be 13 bears per 1000 km2
(BC MFLNRO, 2012).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Moderate
Invertebrates
Arctic
Skipper,
mandan
subspecies
Carterocephalus
palaemon mandan
Common
Woodnymph,
nephele
subspecies
Cercyonis pegala
nephele
Prairie Bluet
Coenagnion
angulatum
Red
Blue
Blue
S2
S3
S3S4
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Butterfly species found in open grassy areas,
usually in slightly damp habitats although not
typically in marshes, bogs or places with open
water; forest trails, clearings and edges; as well as
the margins of deciduous forests (BC CDC,
2013); known only from the Peace River region in
BC.
Low
Not Listed
Found in grassy forest openings, clearcuts,
roadsides, meadows, and stream banks (BC CDC,
2013); subspecies found known only from the
Peace River region in BC (Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Low
Not Listed
Damselfly that is an uncommon inhabitant of
marshy lakes and ponds; range from Kamloops
north to the Peace-Liard river drainage, though
most often seen in the Cariboo and Prince George
regions in BC (BC CDC, 2013).
Low
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Common
Ringlet,
benjamini
subspecies
Coenonympha
tullia benjamini
Blue
S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Hagen’s
Bluet
Enallagna hageni
Blue
S1S4
Not Listed
Not Listed
Assiniboine
Skipper
Hesperia
assiniboia
Red
S2
Not Listed
Not Listed
Alberta
Arctic
Oeneis alberta
Red
S2
Not Listed
Not Listed
Uhler’s
Arctic
Oeneis uhleri
Blue
S2S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Old World
Swallowtail,
pikei
Papilio machoan
pikei
Red
S2?
Not Listed
Not listed
Tawny
Crescent
Phyciodes batesii
Blue
S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Arctic Blue,
lacustris
subspecies
Plebejus glandon
lacustris
Blue
S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Habitat Comments
Subspecies is known from the Peace Region
around the Ft. St. John /Clayhurst/Dawson Creek
region; found at low elevations in the Peace area;
habitat includes grassy meadows and openings,
roadsides and the edges of transportation
corridors, prairies, bogs, woodland edges and the
alpine (BC CDC, 2013).
Damselfly known only from Peace River and Fort
Nelson Forest Districts (BC CDC 2013); common
near grassland ponds and forest marshes on the
northern great plains and adjacent boreal forests
(Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Preferred habitats include northern shortgrass
prairie and aspen parkland; multiple documented
occurrences along the Peace River valley (BC
CDC, 2013).
In BC, this species is confined to the grasslands of
the Peace region and a restricted range in the
Dawson Creek-Fort St. John and Clayhurst areas
(BC CDC, 2013).
Prairie and foothill grasslands and mountain pine
forest openings (BC CDC, 2013); known in BC
only from the Peace River near the AB border,
inhabiting dry bunchgrass hillsides (Klinkenberg,
2013b).
Inhabit open, dry grass slopes along the Peace
River canyon; larvae feed on Dragonwort
(Artemesia dracunculus) (Layberry et al., 1998).
Butterfly found in mature, open aspen woodlands
and adjacent mesic meadows; larvae feed on
asters or thistles; known location in BC along the
Peace and Liard rivers (BC CDC, 2013).
Known to inhabit subalpine and alpine areas
above the treeline, tundra, mountainous areas,
open grassland and dry sandy areas, small rocky
outcrops, and within jackpine sandhills in the
Peace River (BC CDC, 2013).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Gas Pipeline Replacement Project
Common
Name
Scientific Name
BC
List
Provincial
Status
January 2014
COSEWIC
SARA
Striped
Hairstreak
Satyrium liparops
Red
S2
Not Listed
Not Listed
Coral
Hairstreak,
titus
subspecies
Satyrium titus
titus
Red
S2
Not Listed
Not Listed
Aphrodite
Fritillary,
manitoba
subspecies
Speyeria
aphrodite
manitoba
Blue
S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Great
Spangled
Fritillary,
pseudocarpe
nteri
subspecies
Speyeria cybele
psuedocarpenteri
Callused
Vertigo
Vertigo arthuri
Red
Blue
S2
S3
Not Listed
Not Listed
Habitat Comments
Found in BC only on the north banks of the Peace
River Canyon and some of its tributaries; males
can be easily observed at the tops of the southfacing banks wherever chokecherry grows
(Klinkenberg, 2013b).
Found in riparian areas, along the banks of large
rivers where the larval foodplant, chokecherry
(Prunus virginiana), is found (Klinkenberg,
2013b); known from the Peace and Murray Rivers
and their tributaries (BC CDC, 2013).
Three distinct populations present in BC; Peace
populations are associated with mesic meadows in
aspen woodland habitat; nectaring may be
associated with thistles (Cersium spp.)
(Klinkenberg, 2013b)
Not Listed
In the Peace, it is found at the edges of and in
open mature aspen woodland (Klinkenberg,
2013b); documented occurrences along the Peace
River and its tributary (BC CDC, 2013).
Not Listed
Snail species often found in forest habitats
including balsam-white spruce forest, aspen
forest, jack pine forest, sedge meadow, tamarack
wetland, wet prairie, and fen habitats (BC CDC,
2013).
Potential
to Occur in
LSA
Low
Low
Low
Low
Moderate
S1 = critically imperiled; especially susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to extreme rarity or other factors
S2 = imperiled; very susceptible to extirpation or extinction due to rarity or other factors
S3 = special concern, vulnerable to extirpation or extinction due to restricted range or other factors
S4 = apparently secure; uncommon but not rare; widespread in BC
Red-listed = candidates for extirpated, endangered, or threatened status rankings
Blue-listed = species of special concern
COSEWIC-Not at Risk = Assessed by COSEWIC and not found to a risk of extinction given current circumstances
Special Concern = may become threatened or endangered because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats
Threatened = likely to become endangered if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to extirpation or extinction
Endangered = facing imminent extirpation or extinction
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Socio-Economic Elements
Study areas for Heritage Resources and Traditional Land Use, Human Occupancy and Resource
Use, Social and Cultural Well-being, Human Health and Aesthetics, Infrastructure and Services,
and Employment and Economy are as follows:
3.1

Local Study Area – 200 m on either side of the Project Footprint Area, Peace River
Electoral Area E, District of Chetwynd, West Moberly First Nations (IR#168A), and
Saulteau First Nations (East Moberly Lake IR#169).

Regional Study Area – Peace River Regional District (PRRD) census division as it includes
the populations of the Peace River Regional District, Halfway River First Nation (#168),
and Kelly Lake (Métis Settlement Society, Cree, First Nation).
Heritage Resources and Traditional Land Use
An Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA), completed by Landsong, concluded that the
probability of finding undiscovered archaeological sites at the Project is low (Attachment 2). No
impacts to previously unrecorded archaeological site are expected as a result of construction
activities. Further assessment in association with the Project is not recommended.
The Project is within the traditional territories of West Moberly First Nations, Saulteau First
Nations, Halfway River First Nation, McLeod Lake Indian Band, Horse Lake First Nation, Kelly
Lake Cree Nation, and Kelly Lake First Nation. Kelly Lake Métis Settlement Society, Moccasin
Flats Métis Society, Northeast Métis Association, and Fort St John Métis Society are located in
the region, and are generally represented by the Métis Nation of BC. The distances of these
Aboriginal communities from the Project Footprint Area are listed in Table 10.
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Table 10. Aboriginal Communities with Traditional Territories within the Project Footprint
Area
Aboriginal Community
Approximate Location of Main
Reserve/Settlement from Project
Footprint Area
West Moberly First Nations
20 km north
Saulteau First Nations
30 km north
Halfway River First Nation
100 km north
McLeod Lake Indian Band
100 km southwest
Kelly Lake Métis Settlement
Society
130 km southeast
Kelly Lake Cree Nation
130 km southeast
Kelly Lake First Nation
130 km southeast
Horse Lake First Nation
160 km southeast
Moccasin Flats Métis Society
35 km northeast
Northeast Métis Association
135 km east
Fort St. John Métis Society
185 km northeast
Metis Nation of BC
185 km northeast
Source: Data BC (2013)
West Moberly First Nations, Saulteau First Nations, Halfway River First Nation, McLeod Lake
Indian Band, Blueberry River First Nations, Doig River First Nation, Fort Nelson First Nation and
Prophet River First Nation are signatories to Treaty 8, whereas Horse Lake First Nation is a
signator to Treaty 8 signed in Alberta ( BC MARR, 2013; T8TA, 2013; Treaty 8 First Nations of
Alberta, 2013). Treaty 8 territory comprises the northeast quarter of British Columbia, the northern
half of Alberta, the northwest section of Saskatchewan, and south of Great Slave Lake and Hay
River in the Northwest Territories (AANDC, 2010).
3.1.1
First Nation Interests
The most common species hunted by the four closest First Nations (West Moberly First Nations,
Saulteau First Nations, Halfway River First Nation, and McLeod Lake Indian Band) are Moose,
Elk and White-tailed Deer (Candler et al., 2012; Traditions, 2013a). Birds (e.g., Grouse), fish (e.g.,
Mountain Whitefish) and small mammals, such as Beavers, Coyotes and rabbits, are also
harvested. Wild berries and fruits are also gathered throughout their territories (Candler et al.,
2012; Traditions, 2013a).
Sites with cultural values are prevalent across the traditional territories of the First Nations. Most
cultural value sites are unnamed, likely due to the sacred and confidential nature of the activities
practiced (Candler et al., 2012; Traditions, 2013a).
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A Traditional Land Use (TLU) Sites Overview was completed by Landsong (Attachment 3). No
site-specific TLU sites were identified during the review. However, First Nations participants
requested mitigation for two sites with important wildlife habitat features. Mitigation measures
have been incorporated in the Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat section of the ESA and Environmental
Protection Plan (EPP) completed for the Project.
3.2
Human Occupancy and Resource Use
3.2.1
Human Occupancy
The Project is located approximately 27 km southwest of the District of Chetwynd on Crown and
agricultural private land (ALR), within the boundaries of Electoral Area D of the Peace River
Regional District (PRRD). Chetwynd is the closest incorporated community, with a population of
approximately 2,700 (Statistics Canada 2012a, Urban Systems, 2012). The Project is located
approximately 2 km west of the unincorporated community of Hasler Creek.
The nearest First Nations communities are West Moberly First Nations (IR#168A) and Saulteau
First Nations (East Moberly Lake IR#169), located north of Chetwynd on Highway 29. These First
Nations communities are located on the northwest and northeast shores, respectively, of Moberly
Lake.
Other Aboriginal communities in the PRRD are Halfway River First Nation (IR#168), Blueberry
River First Nations (IR#205), Doig River First Nation (IR#206), Kelly Lake Cree Nation, Kelly
Lake First Nation, and Kelly Lake Métis Settlement Society.
3.2.2
Development and Land Use Plans
The Project is within the boundaries of the Dawson Creek Land LRMP, which provides land and
resource management direction for all Crown land within its boundaries (BC ILMB, 1999). The
Project is within a Special Resource Management Zone of the LRMP, more specifically a River
Corridor Zone, which is defined as an area with substantial fish and wildlife habitat, recreation,
tourism, and scenic/visual quality values. Resource development is permitted, although all
substantial values identified must be considered and addressed (BC ILMB, 1999).
Settlement/Agricultural Management Zones are present on both sides of the crossing, adjacent to
the River Corridor Zone. Settlement/Agriculture Resource Management Zones are currently used
or proposed for settlement under the West Peace Official Community Plan (OCP) or for agriculture
and range. Oil and gas exploration and development is considered an agriculturally compatible
industry and is therefore appropriate for use in these zones under the LRMP (BC ILMB, 1999).
The Project is also situated within the boundaries of the West Peace OCP. The primary goals of
the OCP are to protect prime agricultural land, enhance the rural community lifestyle, and protect
unique natural physical features of the West Peace region (PRRD, 1997a). The Project lies within
an ‘Industrial’ designation of the West Peace OCP, which provides for natural resource extraction
and processing activities. Settlement (mixed residential and commercial activities) and ResourceAgricultural designated areas are situated adjacent to the Project. Resource-Agricultural areas may
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be used for resource extraction on Crown lands or commercial agricultural activities on fee simple,
or private, land (PRRD, 1997a, b).
3.2.3
Environmentally Significant and Protected Areas
The LSA does not overlap with any protected areas. The closest provincial parks are located
approximately 30 km from the Project (Data BC, 2013).
3.2.4
Natural Resource Use
The proposed pipeline replacement of the Project does not traverse an existing or planned natural
resource use and extraction area. No coal mines (current or planned) are located in the vicinity of
the Project, and the proposed route does not cross any active coal deposits. There are one mineral
and two placer reserves over the Project Footprint Area, indicating that placer and coal titles are
prohibited or restricted (Data BC, 2013).
Timber is harvested within the vicinity of the Project; West Fraser Timber Co. Ltd. and BC Timber
Sales’ bid winners harvest timber north of the Pine River, and Canfor Corporation harvests timber
south of the Pine River. Tembec Inc. harvested a number of deciduous blocks in the area prior to
closing its Chetywnd pulp mill in 2012 (BC MFLNRO, 2013d, pers. comm.).
3.2.4.1
Agriculture
The Project is surrounded by ALR lands (Data BC, 2013). Agricultural activity within the vicinity
of the Project predominantly consists of small hobby farms (PRRD, 2013, pers. comm.).
Excavation within the Project footprint will be limited to boreholes and pits required for drilling.
No surface soil stripping or significant compaction or rutting is reasonably expected to occur, and
the site will be reclaimed following completion of the construction phase activities and available
for agricultural use (BC ALC and BC OGC, 2013).
3.2.4.2
Fish and Wildlife Harvesting
The Project lies within the northern boundary of an active trapline area (TR#0722T006), which
runs south from Highway 97 (Data BC, 2013), and two Guiding Territory Certificates (No. 701222
and 701245), which are located on either side of the Pine River (Data BC, 2013).
The Project is located within the boundaries of Wildlife Management Unit 7-22 (BC ILMB, 2006).
Mammals hunted or trapped in this management unit include Mule Deer (November), White-tailed
Deer (September to November), Moose (August to October), Elk (September to October),
American Black Bear (April to June, August to November), Grey Wolf (April to June, August to
March), Cougar (September to March), Coyote (September to March), Wolverine (October to
January), Canada Lynx (November to February) and Snowshoe Hare (August to April). Birds
harvested include Grouse (September to November), Ptarmigan (August to February),
Coots/Common Snipe (September to November), ducks (September to November) and geese
(September to November) (BC MFLNRO, 2013e). Other species that are trapped in the region
include Pacific Marten and Beaver (BC Hydro, 2013).
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Hunters may travel by boat on the Pine River to access hunting areas (BC Hydro 2013a). The
Project Footprint Area is not likely to be accessed as a recreational fishing spot from land, as it is
approximately 830 m southeast of Highway 97 (Data BC, 2013). Species of fish caught in the Pine
River include Arctic Grayling and Bull Trout (BC Hydro, 2013; District of Chetwynd, n.d.a).
3.2.4.3
Recreation and Tourism
Trails for hiking, ATVs and snowmobiles and developed campsites do not appear to be present in
the LSA (Data BC, 2013). Based on the BC Recreation Features Inventory, recreational
significance and sensitivity of the land and waterways covered by the Project Footprint Area is of
moderate importance (Data BC, 2013; BC MOF, 1998). There are no forest service recreation sites
in the vicinity of the Project (Data BC, 2013; BC MFLNRO, 2013d, pers. comm.).
3.3
Navigation and Navigation Safety
The Pine River is navigable by jet boat, canoe, and other small watercraft in the vicinity of the
Project. However, as the proposed crossing method of Horizontal Directional Drill will not involve
instream works, navigation will not be affected, nor have consultation activities uncovered issues
regarding navigation. Therefore, in accordance with the NEB Filing Manual (2013), detailed
analyses of navigation and navigation safety are not required.
3.4
Social and Cultural Well-being
3.4.1
Populations and Demographics
The populations of Peace River Electoral Area E, District of Chetwynd, West Moberly First
Nations (IR #168A), and Saulteau First Nations (East Moberly Lake IR#169) in the 2011 Census
were 2,764, 2,635, 95, and 324, respectively. The Peace River Electoral Area E accounted for
approximately 5% of the regional district’s population (60,082). Population in the region has
generally increased since 2006 (Statistics Canada, 2012a, b, c, d, e).
Typical of remote, resource-based communities, the median age in the District of Chetwynd is low
(32.5), which is reflective of a relatively young workforce. The median age of the Peace River
Electoral Area E is older (43.0), which is representative of longer-term residents, especially in its
agricultural sector. The median age of West Moberly First Nations and Saulteau First Nations is
22.5 and 29.7 years, respectively. The BC average median age is 41.9 years (Statistics Canada,
2012a, b, c, d, e).
As reported in the 2011 National Household Survey, 15.1% of the PRRD’s population identified
as Aboriginal; 73.1% were First Nations members, and 32.8% were Métis (Statistics Canada,
2013a).
In the PRRD in 2011, 88.2% of the population indicated that English only is their mother tongue,
1.2% reported French, and 0.5% reported an Aboriginal language (Statistics Canada, 2012e). Of
the 0.5%, or 300 people, that reported an Aboriginal language, 96.7% (290 people) speak Cree,
1.7% (5 people) speak Dene, and 1.7% (5 people) speak Ojibway (Statistics Canada, 2012e).
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Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
3.5
January 2014
Human Health and Aesthetics
As Project activities are typical of routine pipeline replacement/construction and operation,
detailed analyses of Human Health and Aesthetics is not required (NEB, 2013). Westcoast will
adhere to procedures outlined in their Environmental, Health, and Safety Policies as well as
Westcoast’s Emergency Response Plan.
3.6
Infrastructure and Services
Roads, transmission lines, and rail lines will not be crossed by the Project (Data BC, 2013). The
Canadian National Railway Company’s (CN) tracks are approximately 600 m south of the Project
Footprint Area and approximately 830 m southeast from Highway 97 (Data BC, 2013). The
community of Chetwynd is the primary service centre within the vicinity of the Project (District
of Chetwynd, n.d.b).
3.6.1
Policing and Security
The closest Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) detachment to the Project is in Chetwynd
(RCMP, 2013). The RCMP Provincial Force polices municipalities under 5,000 as well as
unincorporated areas, including the District of Chetwynd and the unincorporated community of
Hasler Creek (BC MOJ, 2012). The RCMP also provides policing services to West Moberly First
Nations and Saulteau First Nations; as of 2011, one officer, based out of the Chetwynd detachment,
responds to both communities (BC MOJ, 2013).
The PRRD provides 9-1-1 services to all municipalities and electoral areas within the Regional
District (PRRD, n.d.a).
3.6.2
Health and Social Services
Northern Health Authority administers the Chetwynd Hospital, Health Centre, and Health Unit
(Northern Health, n.d.a). The Chetwynd Hospital provides 24-hour emergency health care, shortterm acute care, 24-hour residential care, day programs for seniors and adults with disabilities, and
diagnostic laboratory services and x-ray facilities (HealthLinkBC, 2013).
BC Ambulance Service (BCAS) provides emergency ambulance service in Chetwynd and
surrounding areas (BCAS, 2012). The BCAS also provides emergency air service for Chetwynd
and the rest of the PRRD, with the Chetwynd airport located approximately 30 km northeast of the
Project.
Health centres located in the communities of West Moberly First Nations and Saulteau First
Nations provide a variety of health services, including wellness counselling, vaccinations, and
health education (HealthLinkBC, 2013b; Saulteau First Nations, n.d.).
3.6.3
Fire Protection Services
The Chetwynd Volunteer Fire Department provides fire protection services for the District of
Chetwynd as well as motor vehicle rescue services beyond the District boundaries, under the
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Provincial Emergency Plan. Hasler Creek, within the vicinity of the Project, does not have fire
protection service (PRRD 2013, pers. comm.).
The Moberly Lake Volunteer Fire Department provides fire protection services to the Moberly
Lake area, including the communities of West Moberly First Nations and Saulteau First Nations
(NDIT, 2013; PRRD, n.d.b).
3.6.4
Water, Wastewater, and Solid Waste
The Pine River is the main source of water for the District of Chetwynd, with a groundwater well
maintained as an emergency backup water source (District of Chetwynd, 2010). The Hasler Creek
area obtains potable water through a water well system (PRRD, 2013, pers. comm.). Since floods
in 2011, West Moberly First Nations’ potable water has been transported from Chetwynd (T8FNs
Community Assessment Team and Firelight Group, 2012).
Wastewater in the District of Chetwynd is treated and discharged to the Pine River (District of
Chetwynd, 2010). Wastewater disposal in the Hasler Creek area is on-site, through the use of a
sewage lagoons or septic tanks (PRRD 2013, pers. comm.).
The PRRD is the main provider of waste management in unincorporated rural areas, including the
general Project area (Earth Tech, 2008). There are four regional landfills in the PRRD, with one
located in Chetwynd (PRRD, n.d.c). One transfer site is located in Hasler Flats, approximately 3
km east of the Project (Earth Tech, 2008; PRRD, 2010). Transfer sites are also located at West
Moberly First Nations and Saulteau First Nations reserves (BC Hydro, 2013b).
3.6.5
Commercial Accommodations
There are a variety of hotels, motels, bed and breakfasts in Chetwynd and the Moberly Lake area,
and more camping options in private campgrounds, RV parks, provincial and forest service
campgrounds in the general area surrounding Chetwynd (District of Chetwynd, n.d.c; BC
MFLNRO, 2013f).
3.6.6
Community Recreation
The Chetwynd and District Recreation Centre is owned by the PRRD and operated by the District
of Chetwynd (District of Chetwynd, n.d.d). The Recreation Centre and Leisure Pool offers a wide
range of athletic programs for youth, adults and seniors (District of Chetwynd, n.d.e). Chetwynd
also has a number of parks and trails located throughout the community and two golf courses
within 30 km driving distance of Chetwynd’s town centre (District of Chetwynd, n.d.f).
3.7
Employment and Economy
Given the small work force required for the Project, a detailed assessment of employment and
economy is not necessary, in accordance with the NEB Filing Manual (NEB, 2013). Westcoast
will hire, procure, and contract locally where possible.
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Public Consultation
A complete list of Project consultation activities and issues tracking is included in the Consultation
and Aboriginal Matters section of the application.
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References
[AANDC] Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. 2010. Treaty Guide to Treaty
No. 8 (1899). Accessed August 8 2013: http://www.aadncaandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100028805/1100100028807
[AGRA] AGRA Earth and Environmental. 1995. Habitat protection and compensation measures
in the vicinity of the Pine River (Hasler) Pipeline Crossing. Submitted to Federated Pipelines
(Western) Ltd. Calgary, AB.
[AMEC] AMEC Earth and Environmental Ltd. 2002. 2001 Follow up Sediment Sampling in the
Pine River Below the Pembina Pipeline Break (Revised). Submitted to the District of Chetwynd.
January, 2002.
[BC ALC] Agricultural Land Commission. 2008. Agricultural Land Reserve Map. Peace River
Regional District. Accessed August 6 2013:
http://www.alc.gov.bc.ca/mapping/alr_maps/Peace_River/93O/ALR_Map_93O.070.pdf
[BC ALC and BC OGC] Agricultural Land Commission and Oil and Gas Commission. 2013.
Agreement dated June 13, 2013. Accessed December 19 2013:
http://www.bcogc.ca/node/5759/download
[BCAS] British Columbia Ambulance Service. 2012. Ground Ambulance. Accessed August 12
2013: http://www.bcas.ca/services/ground-ambulance/
[BC BBA] British Columbia Breeding Bird Atlas. 2013. Data Summaries. Accessed September
27, 2013: http://www.birdatlas.bc.ca/bcdata/datasummaries.jsp?lang=en.
[BC CDC] British Columbia Ministry of Environment Conservation Data Centre. 2013. BC
Conservation Data Centre Home. Accessed August 15, 2013: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/cdc/.
BC Hydro. 2013. Section 24: Harvest of Fish and Wildlife Resources. Volume 3: Economic and
Land and Resource Use Effects Assessment. Site C Clean Energy Project Environmental Impact
Statement.
Accessed
August
7
2013:
http://a100.gov.bc.ca/appsdata/epic/documents/p371/d35289/1359391260396_00ebbd079254b5
011c1a9ade6e98297d8519fbba806dac24c32a9f9cec3fbb26.pdf
[BC ILMB] BC Integrated Land Management Bureau. 1999. Dawson Creek Land and Resource
Management Plan. Accessed October 10, 2013:
http://www.ilmb.gov.bc.ca/slrp/lrmp/fortstjohn/dawson_creek/docs/dawson_creek_lrmp_march_
1999.pdf.
[BC ILMB] British Columbia Integrated Land Management Bureau. 2006. East Central British
Columbia
(Wildlife
Management
Unit
Map).
Accessed
August
7
2013:
http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/fw/wildlife/docs/mu_maps/east%20central.pdf
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no. 98-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26, 2013. Accessed August 14 2013:
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dppd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5955010&Data=Count&SearchText=ch
etwynd&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Page 67
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Statistics Canada. 2013c. West Moberly Lake 168A, IRI, British Columbia (Code 5955802)
[table]. National Household Survey (NHS) Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics
Canada Catalogue no. 98-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26, 2013. Accessed August 14 2013:
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dppd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5955802&Data=Count&SearchText=w
est%20moberly&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1
Statistics Canada. 2013d. East Moberly Lake 169 (Saulteau First Nations), IRI, British Columbia
(Code 5955801) [table]. National Household Survey (NHS) Profile. 2011 National Household
Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26, 2013. Accessed
August
14
2013:
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dppd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5955801&Data=Count&SearchText=ea
st%20moberly&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1
Statistics Canada. 2013e. British Columbia (Code 59) [table]. National Household Survey (NHS)
Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-004-XWE. Ottawa.
Released June 26, 2013. Accessed August 14 2013: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dppd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=59&Data=Count&SearchText=british%2
0columbia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1
[TBCS] Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. 2013. Federal Contaminated Sites Inventory.
Accessed August 15, 2013: http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/fcsi-rscf/home-accueil-eng.aspx.
[T8FNs Community Assessment Team and Firelight Group] The Treaty 8 First Nations
Community Assessment Team and The Firelight Group Research Cooperative. 2012. Telling a
Story of Change the Dane-zaa Way: A Baseline Community Profile of Four Treaty 8 First Nations.
On behalf of The Treaty 8 First Nations of Doig River, Halfway River, Prophet River and West
Moberly. Submitted to BC Hydro for the Site C Environmental Assessment. Accessed August 12
2013:
http://a100.gov.bc.ca/appsdata/epic/documents/p371/d35289/1359391668442_00ebbd079254b5
011c1a9ade6e98297d8519fbba806dac24c32a9f9cec3fbb26.pdf
Treaty 8 First Nations of Alberta. 2013. List of Nations. Accessed August 8 2013:
http://www.treaty8.ca/About-Us/List-of-Nations
[T8TA] Treaty 8 Tribal Association. 2013a. Communities: Overview. Accessed August 8 2013:
http://www.treaty8.bc.ca/communities
Urban Systems. 2012. District of Chetwynd. 2012 Municipal Census and Workforce Survey.
Report on file, District of Chetwynd, BC.
Vonhof M.J., and L.C. Wilkinson. 2000. A Summary of Roosting Requirements of Northern LongEared Myotis in Northeastern British Columbia. Pp. 459-460 in L.M. Darling, ed. 2000. Proc.
Conf. on the Biology and Manage. Species and Habitats at Risk, Kamloops, BC, 15-19 Feb., 1999.
Vol. 1; BC Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Victoria, BC, and University College of
the Cariboo, Kamloops, BC. 490pp.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Page 68
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Weir, R.D. 2004. Wolverine in Accounts and Measures for Managing Identified Wildlife –
Accounts v. 2004. British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land, and Air Protection, Victoria, BC.
Weir, R.D. 2003. Status of the Fisher in British Columbia. Wildlife Bulletin No. B-105. British
Columbia Ministry of Water, Land, and Air Protection, Biodiversity Branch, and British Columbia
Ministry of Sustainable Resource Development, Conservation Data Centre, Victoria, BC.
Wind, E.I. and L.A. Dupuis. 2002. COSEWIC status report on the western toad Bufo boreas in
Canada, in COSEWIC assessment and status report on the western toad Bufo boreas in Canada.
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-31pp.
[WSC] Water Survey of Canada. 2013. Hydrometric Data 1961 - 2010. Pine River at East Pine.
Station
ID
07FB001.
Environment
Canada.
Accessed
August
13,
2013:
http://www.wsc.ec.gc.ca/applications/H2O/HydromatD-eng.cfm
Young, G.K. and N.F. Alley. 1978. The North and Central Plateaus and Mountains. In: The Soil
Landscapes of British Columbia (Valentine, K.W.G., Sprout, P.N., Baker, T.E., and Lawkulis,
L.M., eds.). B.C. Min. Environ., Resource Analysis Branch.
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Page 69
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
ATTACHMENT 1
ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES MAP
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 1
560500
561000
561500
562000
562500
563000
561000
561500
562000
562500
563000
6163000
6162500
111
White spruce - Current - Horsetail
0.746
0.671
0.364
0.000
1.954
Fm02 (112)
Balsam poplar - White spruce - Mountain alder Red-osier dogwood
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.492
110$6B.1
Trembling aspen - Highbush cranberry - Oak fern
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
111$6B.1
Balsam poplar - Red-osier dogwood - Highbushcranberry
0.000
0.000
0.126
0.000
0.079
111$6B.2
Trembling aspen - Cow parsnip - Meadowrue
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
101$6B.1
Trembling aspen - Rose - Creamy peavine
0.636
1.168
0.091
0.000
0.723
Fl03
Pacific willow - Red-osier dogwood - Horsetail
0.000
0.000
0.066
0.113
0.833
Wm02
Swamp horsetail - Beaked sedge marsh
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Wf01
Water sedge - Beaked sedge fen
0.033
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.48
Fa
Active channel
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.11
Xa
Anthropogenic Disclimax
1.988
0.218
0.750
0.169
3.672
Ww
Shallow water
3.426
2.058
1.410
0.282
8.942
0.022
Total (ha)
0.000
0.014
0.000
ROW (ha)
0.599
Comments
Restricted to wet sites, but commonly distributed; high productivity
and provides habitat for widlife; high water tables deep hummus may
impede regeneration, but can be restored in the long term; limit
disturbance to only what is required for construction; disturbance not
expected to result in significant reduction of availability or
distribution on the local landscape
Common middle bench unit; commonly occurs along large rivers,
erosion and flooding can be a concern following disturbance; given
widespread occurrence, significant reduction of local availability as a
result of construction activities is not expected
Migratory songbird observed in Polygon 18; does not fall within the
construction footprint
Mixed with open water areas in the pipeline ROW; provides habitat for
migratory birds (Polygon 5); disturbance limited to west laydown area
and hand slashing in ROW
Potential to provide habitat for migratory birds; does not fall within
construction footprint
Very common and tends to dominate upland areas in BWBSmw;
potential to provide habitat for migratory birds
Low elevation flood ecosystem; erosion may occur from flooding
following disturbance; leave disturbed areas in stable, non-erosive
state
Evidence of flooding ; moose sign throughout; does not fall within
construction footprint; flag for avoidance
Found in Polygon 2, mixed with shallow open water areas; likely not
sensitive to disturbance, but may provide habitat for migratory birds
Gravel bars on outside meander bends of Pine River; wildlife sign is
prevalent (black bear ungulates), western toad tadpoles found in
Polygon 14 ; does not fall within construction footprint
Cultivated pasture/existing pipeline ROW
Several species of migratory birds found in open water areas in
Polygons 5 and 6
6162000
Label
BWBWmw
Workspace Workspace (ha) Contingency West Laydown (ha) Truck Turnaround (ha)
(ha)
Definition
Boreal White and Black Spruce, moist warm variant
6161500
6161500
6162000
6162500
6163000
6163500
560000
6163500
559500
Clearing within ROW limited to hand slashing of three 2 m lines of
sight (Crown land), and clearing on private land portion of west side of
crossing (up to 2.3 ha)
*Indicates blue-listed ecological communities
559500
560000
Label Key
Legend
ER Site
Ecology Observation Point
Road
R/W
560500
Truck Turnaround
West Laydown
Workspace
TEM Polygons
Polygon Number
2
WF01 8Ww 2
Decile 2
Site Series 2
Decile 1
Site Series 1
NO.
1
DATE
(yyyy/mm/dd)
7/23/2013
REVISION
BY
TEM Map Rev 1
SA
Westcoast Energy Grizzly Valley Pipeline
HDD Project
Ecological Communities
File No:
N:\ACTIVE\4902_Spectra_GrizzlyLineReplacement\MXD\TEM_Map.mxd
Basemap Source:
Bing Maps Aerial
Map Datum:
Project No: 4902
Date:
100
50
0
100
NAD 1983 UTM Zone 10N
Jan 09, 2014
200
300
400
Meters
Scale: 1:10,000
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
ATTACHMENT 2
ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 3
PO Box 70
2262 Highway 29
Moberly Lake, BC V0C 1X0
Phone: 250-788-3813 Fax: 250-788-3816
Email: [email protected]
www.landsong.com
ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT INTERIM REPORT
LANDSONG FILE #: 139097
OGC FILE #:
DEVELOPMENT: Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24” Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing
CLIENT FILE:
PROPONENT:
AFE:
Company Name: Westcoast Energy Inc.
Contact: Rudy Wartlik
Address: Suite 2600, 425 1st Street SW Fifth Avenue Place, East Tower
Calgary, AB T2P 3L8
Phone: 604-691-5716 Fax: 604-691-5950
Email: [email protected]
PROJECT INFORMATION
HERITAGE PERMIT: 2013-0092
PERMIT HOLDER: Beth I. Hrychuk, M.A., RPCA
REPORT DATE: December 16, 2013
REPORT REVISION DATE:
REPORT AUTHOR: Keyna Burden, B.A.
DEVELOPMENT LOCATION: The proposed development is located in northeastern British Columbia,
approximately 27 km southwest of the town of Chetwynd, 673 m south of Highway 97 and crosses the
Pine River.
NTS MAPSHEET: 93 O/8
LAND STATUS: Crown (Treaty No. 8) & Private
SURVEY PLAN REVISION No.: 0 (preliminary)
SURVEY PLAN DATE: December 11, 2013
DEVELOPMENT COORDINATES (NAD83): Start: 559349E 6163047N End: 562363E 6162365N
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
No previously unrecorded archaeological sites were identified. Ten (10) areas of moderate to high
archaeological potential were identified adjacent to the proposed development:
1) 5 m x 10 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 559580E 6162971N
2) 5 m x 60 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 560139E 6162848N
3) 5 m x 50 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 560115E 6162817N
4) 15 m x 15 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560435E 6162724N
5) 5 m x 20 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560444E 6162750N
6) 30 m x 60 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560483E 6162738N
7) 10 m x 10 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560474E 6162713N
8) 10 m x 12 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560498E 6162705N
Page 1
9) 12 m x 100 m bank of Pine River @ UTM 10U 561777E 6162585N
10) 5 m x 100 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 561956E 6162524N
No further archaeological assessment is recommended in association with the proposed development.
Previously Unrecorded Sites: 0
Previously Recorded Sites Revisited: 0
No. of Subsurface Test Locations: 11
No. of Subsurface Tests: 178
Development Flagged Prior to AIA: N
Construction Schedule: Winter/Spring 2014
FIELD DATES & PERSONNEL
FIELD DATE(S): September 23 – 25 & December 12 – 14, 2013
FIELD DIRECTOR: George Brons, B.A.
ADDITIONAL LANDSONG FIELD PERSONNEL:
ABORIGINAL PARTICIPANTS & AFFILIATED
COMMUNITY:
FIELD SUPERVISOR: John Cormier, B.A., Chrissy
Foreman, M.A., & Keith Hansen, B.A.

Keyna Burden, B.A.

Marina McCaffrey, M.A.

Adam Gentry

Chenise McClarty

Barry Mierau

Jennifer Field (Halfway River First Nation;
contact: Roslyn Pokiak T: 250-772-5135, F:
250-772-5124)

Chris Fox (McLeod Lake Indian Band; contact:
Eran Spence T: 250-788-2227, F: 250-7888824)

Ben Fuchs (Saulteau First Nations; contact:
Josh Foerderer; T: 250-788-7916; F: 250-7887918)

West Moberly First Nations was notified of the
AIA but was unable to attend
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES WITHIN 5000 m OF DEVELOPMENT
BORDEN #
SITE TYPE
DISTANCE FROM
DEVELOPMENT
COMMENTS
Precontact, Cultural
Material, Surface,
~6,699 m southeast
No further work
Lithics
Note: Distance and direction of the development from the archaeological site, measured from the closest
portion of the development
Previous Archaeological Assessments in Proximity to Development:
 None
Pre-Field Archaeological Potential Assessment: Landsong recommended an AIA based on utilization of
the Peace District Model and the AOA Potential Model in RAAD (showing areas of low to high potential)
and a map review identifying numerous drainages and tributaries of the Pine River within the project
area, as well as the crossing of the Pine River.
GjRl-2
Page 2
ASSESSMENT METHODS
DEVELOPMENT COMPONENT
ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
Pipeline Right-of-Way (9.21 ha)
PT=1-10, GV=none, ST=89, FST=10,
TA=sc, hs
Truck Turnaround (0.28 ha)
PT=1-10, GV=none
11 Temporary Workspaces (0.12 ha, 0.15 ha, 2 @ 0.18 ha, 0.49
ha, 4 @ 80 m x 110 m, 0.66 ha, 10 m x 1450 m)
PT=1-10, GV=none, ST=15, TA=sc
2 Laydown Areas (2 @ 50 m x650 m)
PT=1-10, GV=none
4 Disposal Areas (4 @ 60 m x 60 m)
PT=1-10, GV=none
Preliminary Study Area (200 m x 1200 m)
PT=1-10, GV=none, ST=64, TA=sc
Definitions: HR=helicopter reconnaissance, PT=pedestrian traverse, GV=ground visibility (none, poor,
good, excellent), ST=subsurface testing, FST=frozen subsurface testing, TA=test analysis method
(sc=screened in whole or part, hs=hand sorted/troweled), EU=1m x 1m evaluative unit
COMPONENTS & SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION RESULTS
COMPONENT(S): Pipeline Right-of-Way, Truck Turnaround, 5 Temporary Workspaces, Laydown Area &
Preliminary Study Area (West Side of Pine River)
Archaeological Potential: Low to
No. of Subsurface Test
No. of Subsurface Tests: 128
Moderate
Locations: 9
Assessment Results: Nine areas of moderate archaeological potential were identified within the proposed
development. Eight areas of moderate archaeological potential were identified adjacent to the proposed
development:
1) 5 m x 10 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 559580E 6162971N
2) 5 m x 60 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 560139E 6162848N
3) 5 m x 50 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 560115E 6162817N
4) 15 m x 15 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560435E 6162724N
5) 5 m x 20 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560444E 6162750N
6) 30 m x 60 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560483E 6162738N
7) 10 m x 10 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560474E 6162713N
8) 10 m x 12 m break-in-slope @ UTM 10U 560498E 6162705N
Adherence to development plans is recommended to avoid impacting potential archaeological resources
in these areas.
Terrain:
Featureless to undulating
Slope & Aspect:
Gentle slopes with northwestern aspects
Drainage:
Poorly to rapidly drained
Land Type:
60% forested, 40% agricultural field
Forest Cover:
Ground Cover:
White and black poplar, white and black spruce, birch, willow, diamond willow and
alder
Grasses, mosses, lichens, caribou lichen, rose, bunchberry, coltsfoot, raspberry,
highbush cranberry, horsetail, aster, vetch, fireweed, Canadian thistle
Disturbance:
Oil & Gas development, Agricultural activities
Soil Visibility:
None
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 1
Test Location: Pipeline Right-of-Way @ UTM 10U 559588E 6162978
Page 3
Landform: Moderately well drained bank of drainage
Forest Cover: Willow
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 1 - 2 cm 10YR 2/2 very dark brown wet loam; B Horizon 3 -5 cm
10YR 3/3 dark brown wet silty sand. Five alternating layers of A and B within 45 cm.
Test Area Size: 5 m NE/SW x 13 m NW/SE
No. of Subsurface Tests: 10
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 2
Test Location: Pipeline Right-of-Way @ UTM 10U 560122E 6162828N
Landform: Moderately well drained bank of drainage
Forest Cover: White poplar
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 - 30 cm 10YR 3/2 very dark greyish brown wet loam.
Test Area Size: 6 m N/S x 8 m E/W
No. of Subsurface Tests: 8
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 3
Test Location: Pipeline Right-of-Way @ UTM 10U 560436E 6162734N
Landform: Well drained bank of drainage
Forest Cover: White poplar, white spruce
Soil Description: 4 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 8 cm 10YR 3/3 dark brown dry loam; B Horizon 8 – 35 cm
10YR 5/3 brown dry silt, all with 50% inclusions.
Test Area Size: 4 m N/S x 6 m E/W
No. of Subsurface Tests: 5
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 4
Test Location: Pipeline Right-of-Way @ UTM 10U 560465E 6162726N
Landform: Well drained break-in-slope
Forest Cover: White poplar, white spruce
Soil Description: 4 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 - 8 cm 10YR 3/3 dark brown dry loam; B Horizon 8 - 20 cm
10YR 5/3 brown dry silt; C Horizon 20 – 30 cm 10YR 5/6 Yellowish brown dry silt.
Test Area Size: 5 m NW/SE x 12 m NE/SW
No. of Subsurface Tests: 9
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 5
Test Location: Pipeline Right-of-Way @ UTM 10U 560498E 6162718N
Landform: Moderately well drained terrace of Pine River
Forest Cover: White poplar, white spruce, willow
Soil Description: 3 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 4 cm 10YR 3/3 dark brown dry loam; B Horizon 4 – 20 cm
10YR 5/3 brown dry silt; C Horizon 20 – 30 cm 10YR 5/6 yellowish brown dry silt.
Page 4
Test Area Size: 10 m N/S x 30 m E/W
No. of Subsurface Tests: 20
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 6
Test Location: Temporary Workspace @ UTM 10U 560597E 6162570N
Landform: Well drained bank of drainage
Forest Cover: None
Soil Description: 2 cm littermat; 0 – 35 cm 10YR 3/3 dark brown wet sandy silt.
Test Area Size: 3 m NW/SE x 40 m NE/SW
No. of Subsurface Tests: 15
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 7
Test Location: Preliminary Study Area @ UTM 10U 561364E 6162611N
Landform: Imperfectly drained bank of Pine River
Forest Cover: White spruce, willow, alder
Soil Description: 1 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 30 cm 10YR 5/3 brown dry silt.
Test Area Size: 6 m NE/SW x 30 m NW/SE
No. of Subsurface Tests: 25
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 8
Test Location: Preliminary Study Area @ UTM 10U 561428E 6162590N
Landform: Rapidly drained bank of Pine River
Forest Cover: None
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 30 cm 10YR 3/2 very dark greyish brown dry sand.
Test Area Size: 5 m N/S x 29 m E/W
No. of Subsurface Tests: 14
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 9
Test Location: Preliminary Study Area @ UTM 10U 561796E 6162416N
Landform: Moderately well drained terrace of Pine River
Forest Cover: Willow
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 30 cm 10YR 3/2 very dark greyish brown wet sand.
Test Area Size: 5 m NE/SW x 20 m NW/SE
No. of Subsurface Tests: 12
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
Page 5
COMPONENT(S): Pipeline Right-of-Way, 6 Temporary Workspaces, Laydown Area & Preliminary Study
Area (East Side of Pine River)
No. of Subsurface Test
Archaeological Potential: Low to High
No. of Subsurface Tests: 50
Locations: 2
Assessment Results: Two areas of moderate to high archaeological potential were identified within the
proposed development. Two areas of moderate to high archaeological potential were identified adjacent
to the proposed development:
1) 12 m x 100 m bank of Pine River @ UTM 10U 561777E 6162585N
2) 5 m x 100 m bank of drainage @ UTM 10U 561956E 6162524N
Adherence to development plans is recommended to avoid impacting potential archaeological resources
in these areas.
Terrain:
Featureless to undulating
Slope & Aspect:
None
Drainage:
Poorly to rapidly drained
Land Type:
20% forested, 80% agricultural field
Forest Cover:
Black poplar, white spruce and willow
Ground Cover:
Grasses, mosses, cow parsnip, rose, coltsfoot, raspberry, horsetail
Disturbance:
Oil & Gas development, Agricultural activities
Soil Visibility:
None
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 10
Test Location: Preliminary Study Area @ UTM 10U 561785E 6162477N
Landform: Well drained bank of Pine River
Forest Cover: White spruce, willow
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 30 cm 10YR 3/2 very dark greyish brown wet sand.
Test Area Size: 4 m E/W x 74 m N/S
No. of Subsurface Tests: 29
Potential: High
Results: No cultural materials were identified
SUBSURFACE TEST LOCATION No.: 11
Test Location: Preliminary Study Area @ UTM 10U 561796E 6162416N
Landform: Rapidly drained bank of Pine River
Forest Cover: White spruce, willow
Soil Description: 0 cm littermat; A Horizon 0 – 30 cm 10YR 3/2 very dark greyish brown wet sand.
Test Area Size: 6 m E/W x 42 m N/S
No. of Subsurface Tests: 12
Potential: Moderate
Results: No cultural materials were identified
Page 6
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendations:
No impacts to previously recorded archaeological sites are expected from construction activities
associated with the proposed development.
No previously unrecorded archaeological sites were identified during the AIA. The probability of finding
archaeological sites on this project is considered low.
Ten (10) areas of moderate to high archaeological potential were identified adjacent to the proposed
development and adherence to development plans is recommended to avoid impacting potential
archaeological resources in these areas. If future development is to occur in these areas, further
archaeological assessment will be required.
No further archaeological assessment is recommended in association with the proposed Westcoast
U2377 Grizzly 24” Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing development.
Notes and Caveats:
This report has been prepared as per the Interim Reporting Guidelines of the BC Ministry of Forests, Lands
and Natural Resources, Archaeology Branch and the Oil and Gas Commission. Reporting pertains only to
archaeological findings and potential impacts to archaeological resources by oil and gas operations
related to this specific development.
The addition or revision of proposed development components may require review by a qualified
archaeologist and potential additional archaeological assessment.
This report does not address potential concerns by Aboriginal communities including possible impacts to
traditional land use activities, resources and specific sites.
In the unlikely event that archaeological resources or human remains are encountered prior to or during
development, all ground altering activities should cease immediately and the Oil and Gas Commission, the
BC Archaeology Branch and a qualified archaeologist should be contacted.
REPORT DISTRIBUTION
Oil and Gas Commission, Vera Brandzin, Heritage Conservation Program Manager
Westcoast Energy Inc., Rudy Wartlik
Westcoast Energy Inc., Korey Green
Westcoast Energy Inc., Jay Morrison
Halfway River First Nation, Land Use Department
McLeod Lake Indian Band, Land Referral Office
Saulteau First Nations, Land Use Department
West Moberly First Nations, Land Use Department
Page 7
__________________________________________
Beth Hrychuk, M.A., RPCA
Heritage Inspection Permit Holder
__________________________________________
Keyna Burden, B.A.
Interim Report Author
Page 8
ek
re
rC
de
wl
Bo
q
Chetwynd ~27 km NE
eR
Pi n
ive
r
093P/12
Jo hnson
093O/09
Cr eek
Proposed 9.21 ha
Pipeline Right of Way
Has
ek
C re
ler
Prepared by:
Prepared for:
GjRl-2
#
*
Westcoast Energy Inc.
Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24" Pipeline
Pine River Replacement Crossing
Westcoast Development
#
*
Previously Identified
Archaeological Site
Rivers/Creeks
Roads
NTS Mapsheets 93 O/9
1,000
2,000
3,000
0
4,000
Meters
Map Scale 1:60,000
Map from: GeoBC, Province of British
Columbia, 2013
Figure 1
Westcoast Energy Inc.; Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24" Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing
Page 9
q
Westcoast Energy Inc.
Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24" Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing
Prepared By:
Westcoast Development
Pedestrian Transects
0
Preliminary Study Area
Prepared For:
Subsurface Test Location
Area of Archaeological Potential
Ú
Û
Photo Location & Direction
NTS Mapsheet 93 O/9
125
250
375
500
Meters
Map Scale 1:9,500
Map from: GeoBC, Province of British
Columbia, 2013
Chetwynd ~27 km NE
Temporary Workspace
(110 m x 80 m)
Disposal Area (60 m x 60 m)
Truck Turnaround
(0.28 ha)
Ú
Û
2
Ú
Û
1
Temporary Workspace
(0.18 ha)
3
Temporary Workspace
(10 m x 1450 m)
ÛÚ
3
5
Temporary Workspace
(0.66 ha)
Disposal Area (60 m x 60 m)
Figure 2
Archaeological Number Frozen
Potential
of Tests Tests
1
Moderate
-
10
2
Moderate
8
-
3
Moderate
5
-
4
Moderate
9
-
5
Moderate
30
-
6
Moderate
15
-
7
Moderate
25
-
8
Moderate
14
-
9
Moderate
12
-
10
High
29
-
11
Moderate
21
-
6
Temporary Workspace
(0.18 ha)
ÛÚ5
Pipeline Right of Way
(9.21 ha)
7
8
Disposal Area (60 m x 60 m)
9
11
Preliminary Study Area
(200 m x 1200 m)
Ú6
Û
Temporary Workspace
(110 m x 80 m)
10
Temporary
Workspace (.012 ha)
Temporary Workspace
(0.15 ha)
7
Ú
Û
Subsurface
Test Location
4
Ú
Û
Temporary Workspace
(110 m x 80 m)
Laydown Area
(65 m x 50 m)
Pine Riv er
4
Temporary Workspace
(0.49 ha)
9
Laydown Area
(65 m x 50 m)
8
ÛÚ
2
093O/09
ÛÚ
1
Temporary Workspace
(110 m x 80 m)
Disposal Area (60 m x 60 m)
Westcoast Energy Inc.; Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24" Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing
Page 10
Plate 1
View west of proposed truck turnaround from east boundary showing dense new
growth willow
Plate 2
View west of proposed 80 m x 100 m temporary workspace from east corner
showing level and featureless agricultural land
Page 11
Plate 3
View southeast of subsurface test location 3, located on a well drained bank of
drainage exhibiting moderate archaeological potential
Plate 4
View west of proposed pipeline right-of-way from ~1+500 showing forest cover of
white poplar, willow and alder
Page 12
Plate 5
View southwest of proposed pipeline right-of-way from ~1+750 showing dense
forest cover of white and black poplar, white spruce and willow
Plate 6
View south of subsurface test location 10, located on a well drained bank of the
Pine River exhibiting high archaeological potential
Page 13
Plate 7
View west of preliminary study area from east boundary showing level, featureless
terrain and previous agricultural disturbance
Plate 8
View northeast of proposed 80 m x 100 m temporary workspace depicting level
and featureless terrain of low archaeological potential
Page 14
Plate 9
View northeast of proposed 80 m x 110m temporary workspace from south
corner displaying featureless terrain and agricultural disturbance
Page 15
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
ATTACHMENT 3
TRADITIONAL LAND USE SITES OVERVIEW
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 3
December 19, 2013
(via email)
Rudy Wartlik
Westcoast Energy Inc.
Suite 2600, 425 1st Street SW
Fifth Avenue Place, East Tower
Calgary, AB T2P 3L8
Re: Traditional Land Use Sites Overview of proposed Westcoast Energy Inc. U2377 Grizzly 24”
Pipeline Pine River Replacement Crossing
At the request of Westcoast Energy Inc. (Westcoast), Landsong Heritage Consulting Ltd.
(Landsong) contacted Halfway River First Nation (HRFN), McLeod Lake Indian Band (MLIB),
Saulteau First Nations (SFN) and West Moberly First Nations (WMFN) to invite a representative
from each community to participate in a Traditional Land Use Sites Overview (TLU Sites
Overview) of the proposed Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24” Pipeline Pine River Replacement
Crossing.
A participation form was faxed to HRFN, MLIB, SFN and WMFN on September 14, 2013. The
participation was also emailed to MLIB on September 14, 2013 and to SFN on September 20,
2013. Roslyn Pokiak of HRFN faxed a completed form on September 18, 2013 confirming the
participation of Jennifer Field. Eran Spence of MLIB faxed a completed form on September 20,
2013 confirming the participation of Chris Fox. Josh Foerderer of SFN emailed a completed form
on September 23, 2013 confirming the participation of Ben Fuchs. West Moberly First Nations
was notified of the TLU Sites Overview but was unable to attend.
On September 24 & 25, 2013, George Brons and Keith Hansen of Landsong and Jennifer Field of
HRFN, Chris Fox of MLIB and Ben Fuchs of SFN conducted a TLU Sites Overview of the proposed
development.
Owing to the small scale of the proposed development a TLU Summary Report will not be
completed. Please consider this letter as a summary of the TLU findings. In addition, a TLU Data
Package including detailed TLU site forms and TLU site photos will be provided to HRFN, MLIB
and SFN.
The primary objective of the TLU Sites Overview was to:

to identify and document past and current TLU sites information at both a site-specific
and landscape-level, as well as Environmental Biophysical Features and Observations
within the proposed Project area

to document proposed Project related concerns raised by the Aboriginal participants
PO BOX 70 2262 HWY 29 MOBERLY LAKE, BC V0C 1X0 PHONE: (250) 788-3813 FAX: (250) 788-3816 EMAIL: [email protected]

to develop feasible measures to mitigate and/or negate significant impacts to TLU Sites
and Environmental Biophysical Features

to maintain a community-based approach through involvement of local Aboriginal
participants and to provide Aboriginal communities with TLU deliverables that are
relevant and of utility

to provide Proponents with information and deliverables necessary to respond to
Aboriginal communities’ questions and concerns and to manage TLU impact mitigation
recommendations during construction and throughout the life of a proposed Project
No site-specific TLU sites were identified during the review. Nineteen (19) site-specific
Environmental Biophysical Features and Observations (ER) sites were recorded during the
review. The participants requested impact mitigation recommendations for to two sites: ER2
and ER6. ER2 is a beaver pond with dams and the participants requested that impact be
minimized and that a biologist be contacted for habitat protection guidelines. ER6 is an old
oxbow now cut off from the Pine River that is currently being utilized by animals as a water
source, and the participants requested that impact be minimized. This information has been
provided to Westcoast and may require action.
Please contact our office at your convenience if you have any questions or concerns in regards
to the TLU Sites Overview conducted for the proposed Westcoast U2377 Grizzly 24” Pipeline
Pine River Replacement Crossing.
Sincerely,
Tamara Martel, B.Sc.
Landsong Heritage Consulting Ltd.
cc:
Land Use Department, Halfway River First Nation
Land Referral Office, McLeod Lake Indian Band
Land Use Department, Saulteau First Nations
Page 2
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
ATTACHMENT 4
PHOTOGRAPHS
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 1
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 1. Trembling aspen forms the dominant component of site association
BWBSmw/111$6B.1
Photo 2. Representative photo of the white spruce – currant – horsetail
(BWBSmw/111) site association
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 2
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 3. Trembling aspen – rose – creamy pea vine (BWBSmw/101$6B.1)
Photo 4. Open water channel within the balsam poplar – dogwood – highbush-cranberry
(BWBSmw/111$6B.1) site association
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 3
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 5. Sand deposited within the balsam poplar – white spruce –mountain alder –
dogwood (BWBSmw/Fm02(112)) site association
Photo 6. Vegetated sandbar dominated by willow shrubs in the Pacific willow – red-osier
dogwood – horsetail (BWBSmw/F103) site association
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 4
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 7. Water sedge – beaked sedge fen (BWBSmw/Wf01)
Photo 8. Swamp horsetail – beaked sedge marsh (BWBSmw/Wm02)
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 5
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 9. Open water area present in the northwest portion of the pipeline ROW
Photo 10. Understory of dogwood and mountain alder in the balsam poplar –
white spruce – mountain alder- dogwood (BWBSmw/112) site association
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 6
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 11. Pine River near the crossing location (facing upstream)
Photo 12. Pine River near the crossing location (facing downstream)
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 7
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 13. Glide-pool habitat at the crossing location
Photo 14. Eroding sandy banks on the Pine River
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 8
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 15. Pine River downstream of the crossing location (glide habitat)
Photo 16. Ivorline Creek facing upstream
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 9
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 17. Beaver chew marks within a broad leaf site association
(BWBSmw/111$6B.2)
Photo 18. Tadpoles in an isolated pool adjacent to the Pine River
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 10
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 19. Mule Deer track located on the southeast side of the Pine River
(Polygon 16)
Photo 20. Beaver lodge located in Polygon 8 (on the north side of the ROW)
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 11
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 21. Black Bear track located on sand bar on the west side of the Pine River
(Polygon 11)
Photo 22. Moose stripping bark
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 12
Westcoast Grizzly Sales Pipeline Replacement Project
January 2014
Photo 23. Beaver dam/channel located on the southwest side of the pipeline ROW in
Polygon 3
Photo 24. Beaver dam located on the northwest portion of the pipeline ROW in
Polygon 2
Appendix 1: Technical Data Report
Prepared by Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.
Attachment 4
Page 13