List of Plates
Plate No
1.1
Title
Page No
Indian Major carp, catla, Cat/a cat/a (Hamilton-
20
Buchaman)
1.2
Metaphase spread of Indian major carp catla Cat/a
20
cat/a showing chromosome number 2n = 50.
1.3
Karyotype of Indian major carp catla, Cat/a cat/a.
20
Chromosome formula is 12M+ 16SM+ 16ST+6T.
1.4
Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton-
22
Buchanan)
1.5
Metaphase spread of Indian major carp rohu, Labeo
22
rohita showing chromosome number 2n50.
Magnification 500X
1.6
Karyotype of Indian major carp rohu Labeo rohita.
22
Chromosome formula is 10M+18SM+10ST+12T.
1.7
Indian major carp, mrigal, Cirrhthus mngaia
25
(Hamilton- Buchanan)
1.8
Metaphase spread of Indian major carp mrigal,
25
Cirrhin us mngala showing chromosome number
2n50.
1.9
Karyotype of Indian major carp mrigal, Girrhinus
25
mngala Chromosome formula is 12M + 18SM+ lOST
+ 12T.
1.10
Silver carp, Hypohthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)
28
Plate No
1.11
Title
Page No
Metaphase spread of silver carp,
Hypohthalmichthys
28
molitnx, showing chromosome number 2n=48.
1.12
Karyotype of silver carp,
Hypohthahnichthys
28
molitnx, Chromosome formula is 22M+14SM+12T.
1.13
Common carp, Cyprinus carpio. (Linnaeus)
1.14
Metaphase spread of common carp,
32
Cyprinus carpio 32
showing chromosome number 2n=100.
1.15
Karyotype of common carp,
Cyprinus
carpio.
32
Chromosome formula is 24M+24SM+16ST+36T.
1.16
Goldfish
1.17
Carassius auratus (Linnaeus)
Metaphase spread of gold fish
36
Carassius auratus 36
showing chromosome number 2n=100.
1.18
Karyotype of gold fish
Cars ssi us auratus. 36
Chromosome formula is 18M+82A
1.19
Stream fish,
1.20
Pun tius ticto (Hamilton-Buchanan)
41
Puntius ticto 41
Pun tius ticto. Chromosome
41
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
showing chromosome number 2n50.
1.21
Karyotype of stream fish,
formula is 6M+14SM+8ST+22T
1.22
1.23
Stream fish, Punt] us amphibius.
(Valenciennes)
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Pun tius amphibius 44
44
showing chromosome number 2n=44.
1.24
Karyotype of stream fish,
Pun tius amphibius. Chromosome formula is 4M+2SM+38T
44
Plate No
1.25
1.26
Title
Page No
Stream fish, Puntju5 dorsths. (Jerdon)
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
47
Puntius dorsjth5
47
showing chromosome number 2n=50.
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
Karyotype of stream fish, Puntius dorsths.
Chromosome formula is 4M+12ST+34T
47
Stream fish, Puntiusjerdom (Day)
51
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntius jerdoni
showing chromosome number 2n=50.
51
Karyotype of stream fish, Puntius jerdoni.
Chromosome formula is 4M+ 1 2ST+34T
51
Stream fish, Pun this vittatus. (Day)
54
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntiu5 vittatus
showing chromosome number 2n=50.
54
Karyotype of stream fish, Puntius vittatus.
Chromosome formula is 6M+12SM+10ST+22T
54
Stream fish, Puntius arulius tampiraparue
i - Silas
Fish collected from upper Tampiraparanj
57
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntius arulius
tampirapnjej showing chromosome number 2n=48.
57
Karyotype of stream fish, Puntius arulius
57
tampiraparmel Chromosome formula is 20M + 16ST
+ 12T
1.37
Stream fish, Punthis arulius tampiraparnj Silas.
Fish collected from Kanadjan canal and lower
Tampiraparani river system
58
Plate No
1.38
Title
Page No
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Pun tius arulius 58
tampirapariiiei showing chromosome number 2n50.
1.39
Karyotype of stream fish,
Pun tius arulius
58
tampiraparniei. Chromosome formula is 22M + 14ST
+12T
1.40
Stream fish,
1.41
Rasbora daiiiconius.
(Jerdon)
62
Rasbora daniconius
62
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
showing chromosome number 2n=48.
1.42
Karyotype of stream fish,
Rasbora daniconius.
62
Chromosome formula is 18M+ 18SM+ 12T
1.43
Stream fish,
Puntius filainentosus
(Valenciennes)
65
collected from Kanadian canal Pabanasam river and
lower Tampiraparani river system
1.44
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Puntius
65
filamentosus showing chromosome number 2n=48.
1.45
Karyotype of stream fish,
Puntius filamentosus 65
Chromosome formula is 22M+26ST
1.46
Stream fish,
Pun tius ifiamentosus
(Valenciennes)
W.
collected from upper Tampiraparani river system
1.47
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Pun tius
filamentosus showing chromosome number 2n50.
1.48
Karyotype of stream fish,
Puntius filamentosus
Chromosome formula is 20M+30ST
1.49
Stream fish,
Danio aeqwpinnatus. (Mc Clelland)
70
Plate No
1.50
Title
Page No
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Damo
70
aequipinnatus showing chromosome number 2n=50.
1.51
Karyotype of stream fish,
Darno aeqwjinnatus.
70
Chromosome formula is 6M+6SM+32ST+6T
Gara mullya. (Sykes)
1.52
Stream fish,
1.53
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
73
Gara mullya
73
Gara mullya. Chromosome
73
showing chromosome number 2n50.
1.54
Karyotype of stream fish,
formula is 6M+18SM+125T+14T
1.55
Stream fish, Amblypharyngodan microlepis. (Bleeker)
76
1.56
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Amblypharyngodan
76
microlepis showing chromosome number 2n52.
1.57
Karyotype of stream fish,
Amblypharyngodan
76
microlepis. Chromosome formula is 10M+18SM+24T
Salinostoma clupeoidus. (Bloch)
1.58
Stream fish,
1.59
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
Salmostoma
80
80
clupeoidus showing chromosome number 2n=48.
1.60
Karyotype of stream fish,
Salinostoma clupeoidus.
80
Chromosome formula is 4M+44T
Mystus armatus (Day)
1.61
Cat fish,
1.62
Metaphase spread of cat fish,
83
Mystus arm atus.
83
showing chromosome number 2n=54.
1.63
Karyotype of cat fish,
Mystus armatus. Chromosome
formula is 10M+24SM+4ST+16T.
83
Plate No
1.64
1.65
Title
Cat fish, Mystus
Page No
keletius (Valenciennes)
Metaphase spread of cat fish,
87
Mystus keletius
87
showing chromosome number 2n=54.
1.66
Karyotype of cat fish,
Mystus keletius. Chromosome
87
formula is 6M+20SM+28T
1.67
Catfish,
1.68
Metaphase spread of cat fish,
Ompok bthiacujatus
(Bloch)
all
Ompok bimacufatus
showing chromosome number 2n=40.
1.69
Karyotype of cat fish,
Ompok biinaculatus.
Chromosome formula is 1OM+8SM+22T
Heteropneustes fossiJi5. (Bloch)
170
Cat fish,
1.71
Metaphase spread of cat fish,
93
Heteropneustesfossths
93
showing chromosome number 2n=45.
1.72
Karyotype of cat fish,
Heteropneustes fossilis.
93
Chromosome formula is 14M+24SM+8sT+12
1.73
Cichild, Oreochromjs mossainbicus. (Peters) 1.74
Metaphase spread of cichlid,
Oreochromis
97
97
mossambicus showing chromosome number 2n44.
1.75
Karyotype of cichlid,
Oreochromis mossambicus. 97
Chromosome formula is 4ST+40T
Etroplus maculatus. (Bloch)
1.76
Cichlid,
1.77
Metaphase spread of cichlid,
Etroplus macu/titus showing chromosome number 2n=48.
100
100
Title
Page No
Karyotype of cichlid, Etroplus maculatus.
100
Plate No
1.78
Chromosome formula is 48A
1.79
Stream fish, Macropodus cupanous (Valenciennes)
104
1.80
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Macropodus
104
cupanous showing chromosome number 2n-48.
1.81
Karyotype of stream fish, Macropodus cupanous.
104
Chromosome formula is 32M+ 14SM+2T
1.82
Murrel, Channa stnatus. (Bloch)
107
1.83
Metaphase spread of murrel, Channa striatus
107
showing chromosome number 2n=42.
1.84
Karyotype of murrel, Channa stnatus. Chromosome
107
formula is 14M+125M+14ST
1.85
Murrel, Channapunctatus. (Bloch)
111
1.86
Metaphase spread of murrel, Channa punctatus
111
showing chromosome number 2n=32.
1.87
Karyotype
of murrel,
Channa pun ctatus.
111
Chromosome formula is 14M+12SM+6ST
2.1
G-banded metaphase spread of Indian major carp, 148
rohu, Labeo rohita showing chromosome number
2n50.
2.2
G-banded metaphase spread of Indian major carp, 148
rohu, Labeo rohita showing chromosome number
2n50.
2.3
G-banded metaphase spread of common carp, (]ypiinus carpio showing chromosome number
2n100.
149
Plate No
2.4
Title
Page No
G-banded karyotype of common carp, Cyprinus
149
carplo. showing chromosome number 2n=100.
2.5
G-banded metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntius
150
dorsalis showing chromosome number 2n=50.
2.6
G-banded karyotype of stream fish, Pun tius dorsalis 150
showing chromosome number 2n50.
2.7
G-banded metaphase spread of cat fish, Mystus
152
arm atus showing chromosome number 2n54.
G-banded karyotype of cat fish, Mystus arm atus 152
showing chromosome number 2n=54.
2.9
G-banded metaphase spread of cichiid, Etroplus
153
maculatus showing chromosome number 2n48.
G-banded karyotype of cichlid, Etroplus maculates
2.10
153
showing chromosome number 2n48.
2.11
G-banded metaphase spread of murrel, Channa
154
striatus showing chromosome number 2n=42.
2.12
G-banded karyotype of murrel, Channa stratus
154
showing chromosome number 2n=54
2.13
G-banded metaphase spread of murrel, Channa
155
pun ctatus showing chromosome number 2n32.
2.14
G-banded karyotype of murrel, Channa punctatus
155
showing chromosome number 2n=32.
2.15
Metaphase spread of rohu Labeo rohita showing NOR
bands.
158
Plate No
Title
Page No
Labeo rohita.
2.16
NOR banded karyotype of rohu,
2.17
Metaphase spread of common carp
158
Cypthius carpio
159
jerdoni
160
NOR banded karyotype of stream fish, Puntius
160
showing NOR bands.
2.18
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntius
showing NOR bands.
2.19
jerdonl.
2.20
Salinostoma
162
banded karyotype of stream fish,
162
Metaphase spread of stream fish,
ciupeoidus showing NOR bands.
2.21
NOR
Sali-nostoma clupeoidus.
2.22
dorsails
163
NOR banded karyotype of stream fish, Puntius
163
Metaphase spread of stream fish, Puntlus
showing NOR bands.
2.23
dorsails.
2.24
Metaphase spread of cat fish,
Heteropnestus fossths
164
showing NOR bands.
Heteropnestus fossiiis.
2.25
NOR banded karyotype of
2.26
Metaphase spread of cichlid,
164
Etroplus maculatus
165
Etropius maculatus
165
Showing the water bath with thermostat control and
188
showing NOR bands.
2.27
NOR banded karyotype of cichlid,
showing NOR bands.
3.1
the way by which thermal shock was given.
Plate No
Title
Page No
3.2
Normal 4 celled stage of diploid rohu, Labeo rohita.
196
3.3
Highly proliferated cells at 4 celled stage of triploid
196
rohu, Labeo rohita.
3.4
16 celled stage of diploid rohu, Labeo rohita.
197
3.5
Continuos involution of excess cells synthesized in 16
197
celled stage of triploid rohu, Labeo rohita.
3.6
a and b comparison of diploid and triploid larval
198
stages of rohu, Labeo rohita.
c and d comparison of diploid and triploid larval
stages of rohu, Labeo rohita.
3.7-3.8
Comparision of embryonic developmental stages of
199
diploid and triploid catla, Cat/a cat/a.
a - Diploid
b - Tnploid
Stages of the embryonic development of diploid Labeo
MO
rohita
3.10
3.11
(after spawning).
Stages of the embryonic development of rohu, Labeo
rohita
200
201
after ploidy induction.
Stages of the embryonic development of diploid, catla
202
Cat/a cat/a (after spawning).
3.12
Stages of the embryonic development of catla, Cat/a
203
cat/a after ploidy induction.
3.13
Metaphase spread of diploid rohu, Labeo rohita
showing diploid chromosome number 2n50.
206
Plate No
3.14
3.15
Title
Karyotype of diploid rohu,
Page No
Labeo rohita 2n50
Metaphase spread of triploid rohu,
Labeo rohita
206
207
showing diploid chromosome number 2n50.
3.16
Karyotype of triploid rohu,
3.17
Metaphase spread of diploid catla,
Labeo rohita 3n75.
207
Cat/a cat/a
208
Cat/a cat/a showing
208
Cat/a cat/a
209
showing chromosome number 2n=50.
3.18
Karyotype of diploid catla,
chromosome number 2n=50.
3.19
Metaphase spread of triploid catla,
showing chromosome number 3n75.
3.20
Karyotype of triploid catla,
Catla cat/a
showing
209
Growth comparison of triploid (below) and diploid
211
chromosome number 3n=75.
3.21
(above) of rohu, Labeo rohita.
3.22
Comparison of growth of triploid (above) and diploid
(below) catla
3.23
3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
Cat/a cat/a.
Labeo rohita.
221
Erythrocytes from triploid (3n) rohu, Labeo rohita.
221
Erythrocytes from diploid (2n) rohu,
211
Erythrocytes of diploid (2n) catla,
Cat/a cat/a.
222
Erythrocytes of triploid (3n) catla,
Cat/a cat/a.
222
Highly proliferation of white bubbles mass is due to
abnormal embryonic development of triploid rohu,
Labeo rohita.
225
Title
Page No
Morphological differences of color, scale (paled
226
Plate No
3.28
3.29
nature) and fin size (damaged) during growth
performance of triploid catla, Cat/a cat/a.
Abnormal embryos from fertilized eggs of rohu as
well as catla
227