เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 1
PART 1: VOCBAULARY
Idiomatic expressions 1
1. Above all = most importantly
2. About to = almost ready to
3. Add up = make sense; be logical
4. All at once = suddenly; without warning
5. All of a sudden = all at once; suddenly
6. As a matter of fact = in reality; actually
7. As a rule = generally; customarily
8. At the drop of a hat = quickly; without any preparation time
9. At ease = not nervous; calm
10. Back out (of) = withdraw an offer
11. Bank on = depend on; count on
12. Be my guest = do what you want; feel free; help yourself
13. Be rusty = need practice or review
14. Beats me = I don’t know; I have no idea (often used in response to a
question)
15. Better off = in an improved condition
16. Bite off more than one can chew = take on more responsibility than one
can handle
17. Bound to = certain to; sure to
18. Break down = stop functioning (a machine, for example)
19. Break in (on) = interrupt
20. Break the ice = break through social barriers (as at a party)
21. Break the news (to) = inform; give bad news
22. Break up = end (a meeting, for example)
23. Break up (with) = stop being a couple ( a boyfriend and girlfriend, for
example)
24. A breeze = something very simple and easy to do
25. Bring about = cause to happen
26. Bring up = (1) raise (a child); (2) introduce (a topic, for example)
27. Brush up on = review; study; practice
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 2
28. Bump into = meet unexpectedly; run into
29. By and large = mostly; generally; on the whole
30. By heart = by memory; learned word for word
31. By no means = in no way; not at all
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the above
list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the verb
forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. “Can you talk now?” “No, I’m ............... …………… go to the grocery
store, but I’ll call you as soon as I get back.”
2. “You’re probably too tired to play another game of racquetball, right?”
“I’m not that tired, really. …………… ………….. ……………
…………. ………… I’d enjoy another game.”
3. “Will you support my proposal at the meeting?” “Certainly. You can
…………. ………….. my support.”
4. I was talking to my aunt when suddenly my cousin George Ann
………….. …………… …………… our conversation.
5. “I understand Diane lost her job.” “Yes, but she’s actually …………….
…………… . She found a more interesting job with a higher salary.”
6. My car ………….. ………….. last week, and I had to take the bus to
work until it was repaired.
7. …………… …………… …………… Carlos is very punctual, but he
sure was late tonight.
8. I was taking a quiet walk last night when, …………… ……………
………….. ……………, there was a loud explosion.
9. Kent is …………. ………….fail that class if he doesn’t start studying.
10. They …………. ……………. Their children to be honest.
11. There were a few things I didn’t like about Professor Wong’s class, but
…………. ………….. …………. I enjoyed it.
12. “I think Matthew was cheating on that quiz.” “That doesn’t …………..
………….. Why should the best student in the class cheat?”/
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 3
13. “Can I have another sandwich?” “Sure, …………. ………….
…………. . I made plenty.”
14. Actors and actresses must know their lines ……….. ……….. .
15. If you don’t want to talk about this problem, why did you ………….. it
…………?
16. Many accidents are ………….. …………….by carelessness.
17. Their team won the game, but they …………… ………….
…………… dominated it. It was a very close game.
18. “What a boring party. No one is talking to one another.” “Maybe we
should on some music and start dancing. That might ………. ………..
……………. .”
19. “Have you studied Spanish before?” “ Yes, but it’s been years since I
took Spanish class, so I’ll need to ………….. ………….. ……………
it before I go to Venezuela.”
20. “You’re taking five classes this term?” “Yes, and I’m having trouble
getting caught up. I’m afraid I …………. …………. ………….
……….. I ……….. ………. this time.”
21. “You’re all packed and ready to go, I see.” “I could leave ……………
…………… …………. ……………. ……………. ……………. .
22. “Do you know what the name of this street is?” “……………
………… . This is the first time I’ve ever been in this town.”
23. “How’s that biology class you’re taking?” “So far, it’s been ………..
…………. . We’ve just been going over things I studied last semester.”
24. “What time did the party ………….. ……….last night?” “I don’t know.
It was still going on when I went home.”
25. “I was awfully nervous when I gave that speech.” “Really? You hid it
well. I thought you were completely …………. ……….. .
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 4
Idiomatic expressions 2
1. Call it a day = stop working for the day; go home
2. Call off = cancel
3. Call on = visit
4. Calm down = relax
5. Care for = (1) take care of; (2) like; feel affection for
6. Catch on = become popular
7. Catch on (to) = understand, learn
8. Catch up (with) = go as fast as; catch
9. Check in (or into) = register (at a hotel)
10. Check out (of) = (1) leave (a hotel); (2) take material (from a library,
for example)
11. Cheer up = (1) become cheerful; be happy
12. Chip in (on/for) = contribute
13. Clear up = (1) clarify; make understandable; (2) become nice and sunny
(used to talk about the weather)
14. Come across = find; meet; encounter
15. Come around (to) = begin to change one’s opinion; begin to agree with
16. Come down with = become sick with (an illness)
17. Come up with = think of (an idea)
18. Cost s an arm and a leg = be very expensive
19. Count on = depend on; rely on; bank on
20. Count out = eliminate; no longer consider as a factor
21. Cut off = stop; discontinue (a service, for example)
22. Cut out for = have an aptitude for; be qualified for
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 5
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. The reception in the garden was …………….. ………….because of a
thunderstorm.
2. Don’t get so excited. Just ………….. …………… and tell us what
happened.
3. I was looking up some information in the almanac when I …………..
……….. an interesting fact.
4. I can ………….. ……….. my car. It’s very dependable and never
breaks down.
5. How did you ………….. ……………. ……….. such a strange idea?
6. I arrived in town last night at seven-thirty and …………….
…………… my hotel at around eight. This morning, I plan to
……………. ………….. at about nine.
7. “Did you rent this videotape?” “No, I ………….. it ……………
…………… the library.”
8. You look tired. Why don’t we …………. ………….. ………….
……….. and finish up tomorrow?
9. It won’t be too expensive to buy Professor McMillen a present if we all
…………. …………. .
10. If Arthur doesn’t pay his electric bill soon, the utilities company might
…………. ……….. his electricity.
11. “I don’t understand this theorem at all.” “Talk to Professor Adler. I’ll
bet she can …………… ………….your confusion.”
12. Who ………….. ……….. your cat while you were out of town?
13. A good stereo system doesn’t have to ……….. …………. …………..
………. ……….. . You can find one for a reasonable price.
14. Cauliflower isn’t my favorite vegetable. In fact, I don’t ……………
………. it at all.
15. “I’m depressed. I didn’t do very well on the first quiz.” “………….
………..! that quiz only counted for 10 percent of the total grade, and
I’m sure you’ll do better on the other tests.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 6
16. “How did Eric do in the cross-country ski race?” “he got off to a bad
start, and so he never …………. ……….. the leading skiers.”
17. “Why did Brenda drop out of business school?” “She decided she
wasn’t …………. ……….. ……….. a career in business. She’s going
to study art instead.”
18. This song wasn’t very popular when it was first recorded, but now it’s
starting to ………….. …………… .
19. “Your roommate is still planning to vote for Smithson for president of
the Student Council? “Yes, but I’m going to keep talking to him. I think
eventually he’ll …………. …………. ……… our point of view and
vote for Grannigan.”
20. That saleswoman ………….. ………….her clients at least once a
month because she thinks personal contact is important.
21. “Is it still raining?” “No, the rain has stopped, and it’s starting to
…………. ……… .”
Idiomatic expressions 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Day in and day out = constantly; for a long time
Die down = become less severe; quiet down
Do over = do again; repeat
Do without = not have
Down the drain = wasted; done for no reason (work, for example)
Dream up = invent; think of; come up with
Drop in (on) = visit informally
Drop (someone) a line = send someone a letter
Drop off = (1) leave something (a package, for example); (2) take
(someone) home; let someone out of a car
10. Drop out (of) = stop attending (class, for example)
11. Easy as pie = very simple; a piece of cake
12. Eyes bigger than one’s stomach = said of someone who takes more
food than he or she can eat
13. Fall behind = not move as quickly as; lag behind
14. Fall through = fail to happen
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 7
15. A far cry from = not similar to; not as good as
16. Feel free = do something if one wants
17. Feel like = be included to; want to
18. Feel like a million dollars = fee very good
19. Feel up to = feel able to do something; ready to
20. Fed up (with) = not able to tolerate; disgusted with; annoyed by
21. Few and far between = uncommon and infrequent
22. Figure out = understand; solve
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. It took me hours to …………… ……….. how to record programs on
my VCR.
2. It you could ………….. …….. the laundry on the way to work, I’ll pick
it up on Monday.
3. “What a wonderful masquerade party!” “People certainly ………….
……….. some interesting costumes, didn’t they?”
4. “Do you …………. ………. Going out tonight?” “No, I’d rather stay
home and read.”
5. “Why have you ……………. ……….in your French class?” “I was
sick and I missed a few classes. But I’m studying hard to catch up.”
6. “Why do we need to get gas now?” “This highway goes through some
very empty country, and gas stations are ………… ………….
…………… …………. .”
7. Howard’s teacher wasn’t satisfied with the work he had done, so she
asked him to ……………… it.
8. I’m …………… …………… ………….my roommate’s lack of
responsibility. He never pays his bills or his share of the rent on time.
9. “Isn’t your class picnic today?” “No, our plans for the picnic
………...... ……….. .”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 8
10. “The food at that new restaurant isn’t bad.” “It’s all right, but it’s
…………. …………… ……….the food at Mario’s. Now that is a great
restaurant!”
11. Ben had to ………….. ………….. …………..the university because of
financial problems.
12. After blowing furiously all day, the wind finally …………. …………..
.
13. “Do you telephone friends before you visit, or just …………. ………
……….them? “It depends. If they’re close friends, I just visit them. if
they’re acquaintances, I generally call first.”
14. “I’m tired of the same old routine.” “I know how you feel. I get tired of
doing the same things ……… …………… …………. ………….
………..too.”
15. “Ralph really loaded up his tray with food.” “He’ll never eat it all.
Ralph’s ……….. are …………… ………….his …………. .”
16. “I need to use a computer for a few hours.” “………….. ……….. to use
my laptop computer. I don’t need it this morning.”
17. “I’ve missed James since he moved to Seattle.” “You should
………….him ……… ………..and let him know how you’re doing.
I’m sure he’d love to get a letter from you.”
Idiomatic expressions 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Fill in = write in a blank (on an application form, for example)
Fill in (for) = substitute for
Fill one in = provide missing information
Fill out = complete (an application form, for example)
Find out = learn; discover
A fish out of water = someone not in his or her normal surroundings
Fix up = repair; renovate
Follow in one’s footsteps = do what someone else did (especially an
older relative)
9. For good = permanently; for now
10. For the time being = temporarily; for now
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 9
11. From out of the blue = unexpectedly; without warning
12. Get along with = have good relations with
13. Get carried away = go too far; do too much; buy too much
14. Get in one’s blood = become a habit; become customary
15. Get in over one’s head = take on too much responsibility; bite off more
than one can chew
16. Get in the way = block; obstruct
17. Get in touch with = contact
18. Get the hang of something = learn how to do something
19. Get a kick out of (doing something) = enjoy; have fun doing something
20. Get off = leave (a vehicle)
21. Get off the ground = start to be successful
22. Get on = board (a vehicle)
23. Get over = recover from (a disease)
24. Get rid of = discard; no longer have
25. Get under way = begin; start
26. Give away = distribute (for free)
27. Give (someone) a cold shoulder = act unfriendly toward someone;
ignore
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. “How did you ………….. ……….. where Warren lives?” “I just looked
it up in my address book.”
2. “I’m interested in the job that was advertised in the newspaper.” “Fine.
Just ……….. ………. this application form.”
3. Don’t forget to …………… ………..the date on your check.
4. “Is Agnes still mad at you?” “I suppose so. I saw her a t a party last
week, and she just …………..me ………….. ……….it.”
5. “Are you moving to Baltimore ………………. ………..?” “No, just
……….. ……….. ………….. ………. . I’ll be back in a month or two.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 10
6. “That old paint that you have stored in your garage is a fire hazard.”
“You’re right. I should ……………. …………… …………..it.”
7. Some companies ……….. ……….. free samples of new products in
order to familiarize consumers with them.
8. “How’s that advanced computer class you’re taking, Polly.” “Not so
good. I can’t understand a word that the teacher or any of the students
are saying. I really feel like …………. ………….. …………… … .”
9. “Don’t you just hate all this graffiti?” “It is ugly, isn’t it? I’ve never
understood why people ……….. …………. …………… writing on
walls. It doesn’t seem like much fun to me.”
10. When the train stopped, a mysterious looking woman in a black
raincoat …………… …………….the train and found her seat.
11. “Maxwell’s project will be very successful, I think.” “Oh, I don’t know.
I’m not sure it will ever …………… ……………. …………… …. .”
12. Do you ……………… …………. ……………your new roommate, or
do you two argue?
13. “That run-down old house that David bought looks terrific.” Yes, he’s
……………it…………….beautifully, hasn’t he?”
14. “Has Edward ………….. …………… …………… …………..you
lately?” “No, he hasn’t. I don’t think he has my new telephone
number?”
15. “Will the concert start soon?” “It should …………… …………….
…………..any minute now.”
16. Living by the ocean really ………….. ……………your …………... .
Once you’ve lived here, you never want to leave.
17. This is the last stop. Everyone has to ………….. ………….the bus
here.
18. Professor Dunbar came down with the flu, so her teaching assistant
…………. ……….. ………….her for a few days.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 11
Idiomatic expressions 5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Give a hand = applaud; clap
Give a hand (with) = assist
Go easy on = not punish severely
Go on (with) = continue
Go with = (1) accompany; (2) look good together; complement (for
example, two articles of clothing)
6. Go without saying = be clear; be obvious
7. Grow up = to mature; to become an adult
8. Hand in = give back to; return
9. Hand out = distribute
10. Hang on = wait
11. Hard to come by = difficult to find
12. Have on = wear
13. Have one’s hands full = be very busy; have a challenging job
14. Have a heart = be compassionate; show mercy
15. Have a hunch = have an intuitive feeling
16. Have a word with (someone) = talk to someone briefly
17. Have the time of one’s life = have fun; have a great time
18. Hear firsthand (from) = get information directly from someone
19. Hear from = be contacted by; be in touch with
20. Hear of = know about; be familiar with
21. Hit if off = become friendly (especially at a first meeting)
22. Hit the road = leave, go away
23. Hold on = wait
24. Hold on (to) = grasp
25. Hold still = not move
26. Hold up = delay
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 12
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. Everett was born in the South but he ………….. …….. in Michigan.
2. At the beginning of the class, the instructor …………… ………….the
quizzes and told the students they had 10 minutes in which to finish.
3. After 10 minutes, the students ………….. ………….. their quizzes to
the instructor.
4. “Have you ever …………….. …………. William Carlos Williams?” “I
believe so. He was a poet, wasn’t he?”
5. “Hello, is Gina there?” “Yes, ………….. ………….. a minute and I’ll
get her.”
6. “You’re graduating next month, right?” “Yes, but I intend to
…………… ……….. ………….. my studies in graduate school.”
7. …………. ……….while I take your photograph. I don’t want the
picture to be blurry.
8. “I got stopped by the police for speeding. I have to pay a big fine.”
“Well, you could talk to the judge and ask him to reduce it. Since
you’ve never been stopped for speeding before, maybe he’ll
……………. …………. ………..you.”
9. “Do you like this blouse?” “Yes, but I think the grey silk one would
………….better ……………..your jacket.”
10. “So, Dave is teaching you how to windsurf?” “Yes, and he’s such a
good instructor that I’m already ………….. ……………. ………….it.”
11. The audience ………….. the cast a big …………….after their
wonderful performance.
12. “Do you think Iris will pass the history test?” “That …………….
………….. … In fact, she’ll probably have the best grade in the class.”
13. “What ………….. ………….your flight?” “There was a big snowstorm
in Denver that delayed a lot of flights.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 13
14. “Have you …………… …………...Maureen since she went Hawaii.”
Yeah, I got a postcard from her yesterday. She said she’s ………….
………….. ………….. ….her ………..and never wants to come home.”
15. Can you …………..me…………… …………… …………..this
luggage? It’s too heavy for me to carry by myself.
16. The wind is starting to blow. You’d better …………. ………your hat.
17. “Oh, you bought the new book by Richard Stone.” “Yes, but that book
is ……….. ………. ……….. ………… . I looked for it in three or four
bookstores.”
18. It’s getting late. I’d better ……….. …………… ……………if I want
to get home by midnight.
19. “Can I …………. ………….. ……….. ……….you now, Professor
Rivera?” I’ve got to go to class right now. Drop by my office later and
we’ll talk then.”
20. “You sure bought a lot of groceries.” “Yeah, I guess I …………..
………. ……… I should never go grocery shopping when I’m hungry.”
Idiomatic expressions 6
1. In hot water = in trouble
2. In the dark = not knowing; confused
3. In the long run = over a long period of time
4. In no time = very soon; very quickly
5. In a nutshell = in summary; in brief
6. In the same boat = in the same situation; having the same problem
7. In person = face to face (not by telephone, letter, etc.)
8. In store = in the future; coming up
9. Iron out = solve (a problem)
10. Join the club = have the same problem
11. Jump to conclusions = form opinions without sufficient evidence
12. Keep an eye on = watch; take care of; look after
13. Keep an eye out (for) = look for
14. Keep on (with) = continue
15. Keep track of = know where something or someone is
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 14
16. Kill time = spend time doing unimportant things (before an
appointment, for example)
17. Keep up (with) = maintain the same speed as
18. Know like the back of one’s hand = be very familiar with
19. Lay off = put out of work
20. Learn the ropes = become familiar with; get the hang of
21. Leave out = not include; omit
22. Leave someone/something alone = not disturb
23. Let someone down = disappoint
24. Let up = decline in intensity (rain, for example)
25. Look after = take care of; mind
26. Look for = try to locate
27. Look forward to = anticipate (with pleasure)
28. Look into = investigate
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. Will you …………… ………….. …………… ………….my dog while
I go in the drug store?
2. Kathy’s daughter has such short legs that she has a hard time ………….
………. ……….the other children.
3. The store had to ………….. ……….a number of clerks because sales
were down.
4. “You must be anxious to go on your vacation.” “I certainly am. I’m
really ………. …………. ………….this trip.”
5. Don’t ……….. ………. … Maybe your jewelry wasn’t stolen after all.
6. “I need to find a new apartment.” “There might be some vacancies in
the building where I live. I’ll ……….. ……….. …………. ……one.”
7. The company may lose some money now, but …………. ……………
…………… ……….., this is a good investment.
8. Alex complained that no one invited him to any social events and that
he felt ………….. ………….. .
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 15
9. “Can you hurry over here? I need to see you right away.” “Sure, I’ll be
there ………… …………… ……….. .”
10. “May I help, sir?” “No, I’m just looking around and trying to
……………some …………….until my wife finishes shopping.”
11. “Has it stopped raining yet?” “No, but it’s beginning to ……….a little.”
12. “I can’t go to Daryl’s party this weekend. I have to study.” “Guess
we’re ………… ……….. ………….. ………… I’ve got to study too.”
13. “Should we stop and spend the night at this motel?” “No, let’s
………… ………….driving for a few more miles.”
14. If you find a baby animal in the woods, don’t touch it. Just
…………..it………. .
15. I ………..all over town ……….a good used car, but I couldn’t find one.
16. Stella’s sister …………. ……….. her baby while Stella is at work.
17. “If you don’t know how to use this software, why don’t you ask Joanne
to help?” “I did ask her, but I’m still ……….. ……….. ……… I didn’t
understand a word she said.”
18. The police are …………. …………….the crime.
19. “Did Amanda ever complete her project?” “She’s almost finished. She
just has a few minor problems left to …………. ……….. .”
20. Alfred is …………….. …………. ………….with his boss because he
didn’t finish an important project by the deadline.
21. “has Marilyn gotten her new job at the bank yet?” “It took her awhile,
but I think she’s finally …………….. …………… …………..there.”
22. Are you ………….. ………….. ………..this proposal or against it?
23. Are you familiar with this neighborhood?” I grew up here, so I
………it ………….. ………….. …………...my…………… .
24. “Is your roommate at home now?” “I have no idea. I can never
…………. ……….. ………..his comings and goings.”
25. “I understand that you have a new dean over at the Business School.”
“Yes, his name is Dean nishimura. He has a completely different
philosophy of business education from the one Dean Woodford had, so
I’m sure that some big changes are …………... …………..for us.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 16
Idiomatic expressions 7
Look like = resemble
Look out (for) = be careful
Look over = examine; read
Look up = (1) find information (especially in a reference book); (2) try to
locate someone
Look up to = respect; admire
Make ends meet = balance a budget
Make a fool of someone = act embarrassingly
Make a point of = make a special effort
Make sense (of) = be logical and clear; understand
Make up = invent, create
Make up one’s mind = decide
Make way for = allow space for; provide a path for
Mean to = intend to
Mixed up = confused
Music to one’s ears = something that sounds pleasant
A nervous wreck = someone who is very nervous
Next to nothing = very little (money, for example); cheap
No doubt about it = certainly; definitely
No harm done = there was no danger done
Not at all = not in any way; not to any degree
Not believe one’s ears (eyes) = be unable to believe what one hears (or sees)
Not think much of = not like; not have a good opinion of
Odds and ends = small, miscellaneous items
An old hand (at) = an experienced person
Aon edge = nervous
On end = consecutively; without a break (days on end, for example)
On hand = easily available
On needles and pins = nervous; anxious
On one’s own = independent
On second thought = after reconsidering
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 17
On the go = always busy; always moving
On the tip of one’s tongue = almost able to remember
on the whole = in general
out of (something) = not having something
out of one’s mind = insane; illogical; irrational
out of order = broken; not functioning properly
out of the question = definitely not; impossible
over and over = again and again; repeatedly
over one’s head = not understandable (a joke, for example); obscure
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. “Have you ………….. ……….this contract yet?” “Not yet. I’ll try to
read it this weekend.”
2. “I think I’ll have the prime rib, watier.” “All right, sir.” “Wait, no ………. …………. ………….I think I’ll have the chicken.”
3. Is this story true, or did you just …………… it ………….?
4. You can’t get a soda from that machine. There’s a sign on it that says
“………. ……….. ……….. .”
5. Sheery …………. ………….. ……………her father because of all the
help and good advice he’s given her.
6. I don’t have much cash …………… ……….., but I can get some from
an automatic teller machine.
7. What a confusing movie! I couldn’t …………. …………. ………..it.
8. “You did a fine job on this research paper, especially on the
bibliography.” “Thanks, I ……….. ………. ……….. ………..getting
bibliography exactly right. I did it ………. ………. ………….until it
was perfect.”
9. “What’s Fritz’s cousin’s name?” “It’s ………. ……….. ………….
………….my …......., but I can’t quite remember.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 18
10. “Hello, I’d like to reserve a room for this weekend.” “I’m afraid that’s
……… ……….. ……….. …………. The hotel is fully booked this
weekend.”
11. “Do you have any fresh peaches?” “Sorry, I’m ………….
………….them. I just sold the last crate of peaches.”
12. “Listen to the roar of the engines.” “Yeah, it’s ……… ………my
……….. . I just love going to these car races.”
13. The plane was delayed for hours ………. ………. . I thought we’d
never get off the ground.
14. “Have you finished moving into your new apartment?” “Almost. There
are still a few ………….. ………. ………….in my old apartment that I
need to move today.”
15. “Brad sure is busy, isn’t he.” “Yeah, he’s involved in so many activities
that he’s always …………. …………… ……….. .”
16. There are so many interesting dishes on the menu that it’s hard for me
to ……….. ………..my …………which one to order.
17. If you go into the swamp, …………. …………… …………..alligators.
18. “When will you be informed of the test results?” “Not until Monday, so
I’ll be ……….. ………… …………. ………..all weekend.”
19. “Do you know what the capital of South Dakota is?” “I’m not sure. let’s
………..it……………in this atlas.”
20. They’re going to tear down those old warehouses to ……… ………..
……….. a big new hotel.
21. “I like that painting you bought. Did it cost much?” “No, the artist sold
it to me for ……….. ………….. ………..?”
22. “How was your final exam, Laurie?” “A couple of questions were
tricky, but ……….. ………….. …………..it was pretty easy.”
23. “I’m sorry I knocked that vase over. I didn’t mean to.” “………..
………. ………... . It wasn’t damgage.”
24. I must have been ………. ……….my………..when I signed the lease
on this apartment. I can’t afford this much rent.
25. He didn’t …………. ………….break the plate; it was an accident.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 19
26. “I didn’t know you could play horseshoes so well.” “Oh, I’m ………..
………… ………. ……….horseshoes. I’ve been playing since I was a
kid.”
27. You must be …………. ………. . This isn’t River Street; it’s Laurel
Avenue.
28. “How long have you been living alone?” “I’ve been …………my
………….since I graduated from high school.”
29. “Did you find that lecture boring?” “………….. …………… …………
. In fact, I thought it was fascinating.”
30. “Christine is so funny, she should be a stand-up comic.” “I suppose, but
a lot of her jokes go right ………….my…………. . I just don’t get
them.”
Idiomatic expressions 8
Part with = no longer have; get rid of; not be in the company of
Pass up = not accept; not choose
Pass with flying colors = do very well (on a test)
Pat oneself on the back = congratulate oneself
Pay attention (to) = concentrate on; focus on
Pick out = choose; select
Pick up = (1) take something from a surface (for example, a floor); (2) go to a
location and get someone or something; (3) learn (especially without formal
training)
Pick up the tab (for) = pay for
The picture of = a perfect example of something
Play it by ear = do something without a definite plan
Play it safe = choose a cautious plan
Point out = indicate
A pretty penny = a lot of money
Pull one’s leg = joke with someone; make up a story
Push one’s luck = to continue doing something too long; to keep taking
chances
Put aside = save for later; set aside
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 20
Put away = return something to its proper place
Put off = delay; postpone
Put on = begin to wear
Put together = assemble
Put up with = tolerate
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. Vanessa is allergic to tobacco smoke, so she can’t ………….
…………. ………….smoking.
2. “That conference you attend in Honolulu must have been very
expensive.” “Yes, but fortunately, the company I work for ………..
…………. …………. ……….. …………….it.”
3. I asked my teacher to ………. ………..the mistakes that I made in my
essay so that I couldn’t correct them.
4. “What do you want to do tomorrow?” “I don’t know. Let’s just ……….
……….. ………….. …………. .”
5. “You should get rid of that old leather jacket.” “I know, but I hate to
………. ………it. I’ve had it for years.”
6. “How did you learn to make such beautiful pottery? Did you take a
class in ceramic?” “No, I just ………….it ………..on my own.”
7. “Can you read that sign?” “Just minute. Let me ……….my glasses
…………. .”
8. It took Linda weeks to ……….. ………….that thousand-piece jigsaw
puzzle.
9. This bike cost …………. …………. …………., but I think it was
worth it.
10. “I passed the first two quizzes in this class and I scarcely studied for
them at all.” “Well, if I were you, I wouldn’t ……….my………..any
further. You should study for the next quiz because it’s going to be a lot
harder.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 21
11. I’ll ………….. ………..the laundry that you dropped off at the cleaners
this morning.
12. The child ……….. ………..her toys from the floor and then
……….them ………..in her toy box.
13. Bert and Mary had to ……….. ……….their dinner party until next
weekend because Bert wasn’t feeling well.
14. “Who ………….. ……….that tie for you?” “No on. I chose it myself.”
15. “Are you going to take that job?” “No, I decided to
………….it……….because I don’t want to relocate.”
16. ……….. ………….as I read the directions or you won’t understand
what to do.
17. “I finally finished collecting all the materials I need to write my report.”
“Great, but don’t be too quick to ……….yourself………. ……………
…………. . you still have to write the report and then word process it.”
18. “how did you do on your final exams?” “Great! I ………….them all
……….. ……… ………. .”
19. I’m going to …………..this magazine ……….for now and read it later.
20. I wouldn’t believe a word Lynn told you. She’s just ……….your
……….. .
Idiomatic expressions 9
Right away = immediately
Ring a bell (with) =
Rough it = experience somewhat difficult or primitive conditions
Rule out = say something is impossible; eliminate
Run a temperature = have a fever
Run for office = try to get elected
Run into = (1) meet unexpectedly; bump into; (2) collide with
Run late = be late; be in a hurry
Run of the mill = ordinary
Run out of = exhaust the supply of
Save one’s breath = don’t bother asking someone
Search me = I don’t know; I have no idea; beast me
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 22
See eye to eye (with someone) (on something) = have the same opinion; be in
agreement
See (someone) off = accompany (to an airport or train station, for example)
See to = take care of; check on; fix
Serve one right = receive the proper punishment; get the penalty one deserves
Short for = a nick name for
Show around = orient; give a tour
Show off = try to attract attention by unusual behavior
Show up = arrive
Shut down = close
Sign up (for) = enroll (for a class, for example)
Sing another tune = change one’s opinions; feel differently
Size up = measure; estimate
Sleep on it = postpone a decision until the next day
Slowly but surely = gradually; steadily but not quickly
Snowed under = very busy
So far, so good = up until now, there are no problems
Sooner or later = at some indefinite future time
Speak one’s mind = say what one is thinking
Speak up = speak more loudly
Speak up for = support verbally
Spell out (for) = make something very clear; explain in detail
Exercise: Fill in the blanks in the sentences or dialogs with idioms from the
above list. There will be one word per blank. It may be necessary to change the
verb forms in order for the sentence to be grammatically correct.
1. “Has John gone back to Minneapolis yet?” “Yes, I just
………..him……….at the airport.”
2. “This pipe is leaking again.” “We’d better have a plumber ………….
……….it.”
3. I was late because I …………. ………. ………..gasoline.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 23
4. Write down your ideas ………… ………. . If you wait to write them
down, you may forget them.
5. When the factory …………. ……….., hundreds of workers were laid
off.
6. “Did you ……….. …………. …………..Professor Carmichael’s
class?” “No, I decided to take Professor Knudson’s class instead.”
7. “Vicki, how’s that project you’re working on coming along?” “……….
………., …………. …………., but the tricky part will be next week.”
8. “Have you ever heard of an actor name Anthony Reed?” “Hmmm. I
don’t think so. The name doesn’t ……….. ………….. …………..
……….me at all.:
9. “Frank doesn’t take a hint very well, does he?” “No, you have to
………..things …………. ………….Frank. he likes everything crystal
clear.”
10. I’d heard that the clothes in this store were very nice, but I found them
……….. ……………. ………….. ………….. .
11. “Bennet thought those stories Tina told about you were pretty funny.”
“They weren’t funny, they were embarrassing. Bennet would be
……….. ……….. ……….if Tina had told that kind of story about
him.”
12. Norman doesn’t like to …………… ………..when he goes on vacation.
He prefers to stay at luxury hotels.
13. I don’t like to go to parties too early. I’d rather …………. ………a
little bit late.
14. It’s expensive to ……….. ……….. ………..these days. Political
campaigns cost a lot of money.
15. “So, do you plan to buy to plan this motorcycle or not?” “I’m still not
sure. Can I ………….. ………….. ………..and let you know tomorrow
morning?”
16. “Have you seen the campus yet?” “Yes, my cousin Melissa is a student
there, and she ……………me ……….. .”
17. “I’m collecting money for the Red Cross. I think I’ll ask Pat to
contribute.” “………......your ……… . Pat never contributes to
anything.”
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 24
18. “Are you going to medical school?” “Not this year, but I wouldn’t
………..it………..in the future.”
19. I …………. ……….my old friend Leslie downtown yesterday. I hadn’t
see her for months.
20. “I understand you’re learning how to speak Russian.” “Yes, and it was
really hard for me, especially at first. Now, though, I’m ……….
………….. ……….getting the hang of it.”
21. “Your sister’s name is Jessie?” “That’s what everyone calls her – it’s
………. ……………Jessie.”
22. “Have a busy night at the restaurant?” “We weren’t just busy – we were
……….. ………….! I’ve never seen so my customers!”
23. “I feel terrible. I have a terrible cold or maybe even the flue.” “Are you
…………. …………. ………..? If you have a fever, then you probably
have the flue.”
24. My brother and I agree on most issues, but I sure don’t ………..
………….. …………. ……………. ………….him ………..this
proposal to build a new stadium.
PART 2: READING COMPREHENSION
Reading comprehension 1
Mass communication does not operate in a social vacuum as a machine
does. When a computer receives a message, for instance, it will provide an
answer based on that original massage. If the computer is functioning properly,
the same answer will appear every time we send it the identical message. Now
contrast this process with what occurs in mass communication. Imagine that
you, a consumer of mass media, read the newspaper story about a politician’s
speech. After you talked with your family, friends, and co-workers about it,
you decided to write a letter to the politician. It is thus possible that three social
groups, your family, friends, and co-workers, affected your reaction to the
speech.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 25
Now, imagine that you are the newspaper responsible for writing about
the politician’s speech. Social groups will affect your reporting of the story to
the public. Perhaps, you are a member of a union that goes on strike just as you
return to your office to write the story. Or perhaps you belong to a journalism
association with a code of reporting ethics to which you personally adhere. The
code states that you cannot accept gifts as part of your job as a reporter, and
your morning mail brings an invitation from a major oil company to be their
guest on a flight to Alaska for an on-the-spot story about oil exploration. You
are faced with accepting the free trip to obtain the story. You obviously are
faced with a dilemma attributable at least in part to the influence various social
groups have on you.
1. According to the passage, a human language is unlike an artificial
language because it
a. has a social element
b. is precise
c. is more useful
d. is complicated
2. What is the main idea of the passage?
a. Our reactions are influenced by social groups.
b. Alaska is an oil-producing state.
c. Communication comes in many forms.
d. Reporters should not accept gifts.
3. The author of the passage answers which of the following questions?
a. How are political speeches received?
b. How are your opinions influenced?
c. How do you become a newspaper reporter?
d. What is the value of a computer?
4. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses which of
the following?
a. A code of ethics in journalism
b. The role of a computer in society
c. The impact of Alaska oil exploration
d. The effect of social influence on mass communication
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 26
Reading comprehension 2
The foreign policy of the United States in the 1920s and 1930s could be
called isolationism. After World War I, war had lost its glamour. The invention
of the movie camera in the 1930s made the horrors of war vividly real to
millions of Americans.
For generations, a peace movement had existed in the United States. It
had always been relatively ineffectual, but now it grew to heights of
unexampled influence. One wing argued strongly for the United States to
prevent war by acting on the principle of collective security; that is, by banding
together with other nations to present a common front to the aggressors. Other
more radical groups – like the War Resister’s League – preached isolationism.
The League of Nations, they said, was weak; militarism was taking over
everywhere, and the only answer was to refuse to build armaments and follow
totally noninterventionist policies.
1. According to the passage, the early peace movement had been
a. isolated
b. very influential
c. fairly ineffectual
d. conservative
2. According to the passage, it can be inferred that the War Resister’s
League did NOT support which of the following?
a. Isolationism
b. Militarism
c. The peace movement
d. The principle of collective security
3. With which of the following is the passage mainly concerned?
a. Glamour
b. First World War
c. Isolationism
d. War Resister’s League
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 27
4. The author uses the expression “unexampled influence” to imply that
a. the cause was not influential
b. no one could succeed
c. there was no precedent
d. peace was unattainable
5. The groups referred to in the last paragraph were against which of the
following?
a. Intervention
b. War
c. Collective security
d. Isolationism
6. Which of the following argued that military armaments should not be
built?
a. The British press
b. The War Resister’s League
c. The League of Nations
d. The aggressors
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 28
Reading comprehension 3
Hospital and surgery can be especially frightening for children, and to
help lessen young patients’ anxiety, one drug company has been experimenting
with sedative “lollipops.” Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) gave the go ahead to further testing of sweet-tasting fentanyl suckers on
children, despite protests from a consumer health group that the lollipop form
will give kids the idea that drugs are candy. Fentanyl, a widely used narcotic
agent, is 200 times more potent than morphine.
Fentanyl lollipops can ease kids’ separation from their parents and
make the administration of anesthesia go more smoothly, according to a
member of the team that testes them. But the Public Citizen Health Research
Group, alarmed by what it believes is a danger to children and a new
opportunity for drug abuse, urged the FDA to call a halt to the experiments.
Fentanyl is so addictive, according to the group’s director, Dr. Sidney Wolfe,
that its widespread availability could cause drug-abuse problems. he suggests
that hospitals develop other ways to calm young patients, such as making
greater use of play therapy and allowing parents to accompany children into the
operating room.
Dr. Gary Henderson, a pharmacologist and an authority on fentanyl
abuse, doubts that carefully controlled use of the drug in a hospital setting
would pose a danger or suggest to kids that drugs are like candy. “Children will
associate few things in the hospital with a pleasant experience,” he says.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
a. Children’s Fears
b. Play Therapy versus Fentanyl
c. Dangerous Medicines for Children
d. Narcotic Lollipops
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 29
2. According to the passage, why does the Public Citizen Health Research
Group protest the use of fentanyl lollipops?
a. Testing for effectiveness has not been completed.
b. Fentanyl is addictive, and could therefore be abused.
c. The lollipops contain too much sugar, and could possibly affect the
teeth of the children.
d. Morphine is preferable for sedating children.
3. According to the passage, what advantage do the lollipops have over
regular anesthesia?
a. They are easier to administer.
b. They are less costly.
c. They are more potent.
d. They are safer.
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of lessening young
patients’ anxieties regarding surgery?
a. Sedative lollipops
b. Play therapy
c. Parents’ presence in the operating room
d. Children’s books about anesthesia
5. The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
a. Fentanyl lollipops have been declared safe for children.
b. Sedative lollipops have caused children to have no fears regarding
surgery.
c. The use of sedative lollipops is controversial.
d. Medical doctors agree that fentanyl lollipops will be considered
beneficial in the future.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
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หนา 30
6. Which of the following words best describe the tone of the passage?
a. Critical
b. Didactic
c. Informative
d. Insistent
7. The author uses the quote in the last sentence to indicate
a. that children are usually optimistic about hospital stays
b. there is always something memorable about hospitals.
c. that young patients can be taught to enjoy hospitals.
d. that children don’t usually enjoy hospital stays.
Reading comprehension 4
Although the earliest scientific ideas date back to early recorded
history, physics as we know it today began with Galileo Galilei (1564-1642).
Indeed, Galileo and his successor Isaac Newton (1642-1727) created a
revolution in scientific thought. The physics that developed over the next three
centuries, reaching its culmination with the electromagnetic theory of light in
the latter half of the 19th century, it seemed that the physical world was very
well understood. But in the early years of the century, new ideas and new
experiments in physics indicated that some aspects of classical physics did not
work for the tiny world of the atom or for objects travelling at very high speed.
This brought on a second great revolution in physics, which gave birth to what
is now called modern physics.
The principle aim of all sciences, including physics, is generally
considered to be the ordering of the complex appearances detected by our
senses – that is, an ordering of what we often refer to as the “world around us.”
Many people think of science as a mechanical process of collecting facts and
devising theories. This is not the case. Science is a creative activity that in
many respects resembles other creative activities of the human mind.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 31
1. According to the passage, physics did not begin until
a. early recorded history
b. the time of Galileo
c. the 20th century
d. the formulation of the electromagnetic theory
2. Which of the following could classical theories of physics NOT
explain?
a. Recorded history
b. Newton’s experiments
c. The world of the atom
d. Electromagnetic theory
3. The age of classical physics dated from about
a. 1564 to1642
b. 1564 to 1900
c. 1850 to 1900
d. 1642 to 1727
4. The author of the passage defines the “complex appearances detected
by our senses” as our
a. eye, ear, and nose
b. visions of the future
c. knowledge of physics
d. environment
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 32
Reading comprehension 5
The sun’s radiation striking the earth supplies the energy to heat the
ocean surface and to warm the lower atmosphere. Energy from the sun is
filtered as it passes through the atmosphere and is filtered again in surface
ocean waters. Within the first 10 centimeters of even pure water, virtually all
the infrared portion of the light spectrum is absorbed and changed into heat.
Within the first meter of seawater, about 60 percent of the entering radiation is
absorbed, and about 80 percent is absorbed in the first 10 meters. Only about 1
percent remains at 140 meters in the clearest subtropical ocean waters.
In coastal waters, abundant marine organism, suspended sediment
particles, and dissolved organic substances absorb light at even shallower
depths. Near Cape Cod, Massachusetts, for instance, only 1 percent of the
surface light commonly penetrates to 16 meters. In such waters the maximum
transparency shifts from the bluish region typical of clear oceanic waters to
longer wavelengths. In turbid coastal waters, absorption of all light takes place
within a few centimeters of the water surface.
Far from the coast, ocean water often has deep luminous blue color
quite unlike the greenish or brownish colors common to coastal waters. The
deep blue color indicates an absence of particles, i.e., clean water. In these
areas, the color of the water is thought to result from a scattering of light rays
within the water. A similar type of scattering is responsible for the blue color
of the clean atmosphere.
1. How is the ocean surface heated?
a. By the radiation hitting the earth
b. By warming the atmosphere
c. By warm water rising to the surface
d. By the movement of the ocean’s waters
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
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หนา 33
2. The sun’s energy is first filtered by
a. the ocean
b. the atmosphere
c. suspended sediment
d. tropical currents
3. The greatest percentage of radiation entering seawater is absorbed
within
a. the first meter
b. 10 meters
c. 16 meters
d. 140 meters
4. Where are the clearest waters likely to be found?
a. In coastal waters
b. In subtropical areas
c. Around Cape Cod
d. Around marine organisms
5. In which of the following would you most likely find the color deep
blue?
a. In shallow waters
b. In clear waters
c. In turbid waters
d. In coastal harbors
6. What is the cause of the deep blue color of the ocean?
a. Scattering of light rays
b. Abundant marine organisms
c. Absorption of light
d. Proliferation of particles
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 34
Reading comprehension 6
Some of the properties of magnets were known from very early times.
For example, it was known over 2,000 years ago that the mineral magnetite, an
oxide of iron, possesses the property of attracting iron. The Chinese, earlier
than 2,500 B.C., knew that if a piece of magnetite is suspended so that it can
turn freely in a horizontal plane it will set in a definite direction and can
therefore be used as a primitive compass. Later it was found that if a bar of iron
is rubbed with a piece of magnets, which are made by various artificial
processes.
Magnets today are usually made of special alloys of steel. A steel
magnet differs from ordinary steel and from all other substances in three
important respects: It attracts iron filings, it sets in a definite direction when
freely suspended, and it converts iron and steel bars in its neighbourhood into
magnets. If we place a bar magnet in iron filings it will emerge with a cluster
of filings attached to each end, showing that there is a center of magnetic
forece at each end of the bar. These centers are called the oleos of the magnet.
A bar magnet suspended horizontally in a paper stirrup will always set with the
line joining its poles along a north and south line; in other words, the magnet
has a north-seeking pole and a south-seeking pole. A bar magnet floating on a
cork will set roughly north and south but it will not move either bring the north
pole of one magnet close to the south pole of another magnet, the unlike poles
attract one another, but if we bring two north poles or two south poles into
proximity we find that like poles repel one another.
1. In what way are most modern magnets different from ancient ones?
a. They attract iron filings.
b. They set in a definite direction.
c. They are artificial.
d. They convert iron into magnets.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 35
2. The ancient Chinese are known to have used magnets to
a. attract iron filings
b. ,ake steel alloys
c. float corks
d. indicate direction
3. According to the passage, how many magnetic centers are there in each
bar magnet?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
a. Varieties of Magnets
b. How Magnets Work
c. The History of the Magnet
d. The Many Uses of Magnets
5. In this passage, the writer makes repeated use of
a. argumentative language
b. examples
c. technical terminology
d. hypothesis
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 36
Reading comprehension 7
The study of business planning has a long history. (1) a. For sure b.
For example c. For ever d. For good, in 1916 in one of the earliest efforts to
develop a science of management, Henry Fayol (2) a. argued b. discussed c.
consulted d. voted the importance of planning for successful management and
described the development of one-year and five-year budget plans. In his book
he gives the following (3) a. accommodation b. recommendation c.
declaration d. definition of business planning.
“The maxim managing means looking ahead’ gives some of the
importance (4) a. attached b. attacked c. attracted d. attained to planning in
the business world, and it is true that if foresight is not the whole of
management, (5) a. at least b. at last c. at large d. at ease it is an (6) a.
extraordinary b. essential c. overwhelming d. initiative part of it. To
foresee, in this context, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line
of action to be followed, the stages to go through and methods to use.”
(7) a. Consequent b. Subsequent c. Frequent d. Congruent studies
of general management written during the next fifty years echo Fayol’s
thinking and (8) a. reveal b. conceal c. seal d. appeal both a continuing
interest in the subject and an ever-increasing (9) a. awareness b. alertness c.
readiness d. usefulness of how important planning is to successful business
management. In their definitions of the planning process, the authors of these
studies all stress two important (10) a. expects b. respects c. aspects d.
prospects of planning assessing the future and making plans to deal with the
future.
1. Which of the following statements express the main idea of the
passage?
a. Foresight is critical in business planning.
b. Know your methods.
c. A science of management needs to be developed.
d. The results of management studies from the past fifty years have
changed dramatically.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 37
2. It can be inferred from the passage that
a. Henri Fayol was not looking ahead when he wrote his book.
b. five-year budget plans are preferable to one-year plans.
c. interest in assessing the future has only recently been considered
important in business planning.
d. few studies regarding business planning were done prior to 1916.
3. The phrase “an essential part of it” refers to
a. foresight
b. management
c. the future
d. study
4. The phrase “in this context” means
a. According to the dictionary
b. As usual
c. As is used here
d. In the future
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 38
Reading comprehension 8
Many Americans (1) a. expire b. retire c. aspire d. fire to “be their
own boss.” These inspirations became (2) a. realities b. dignities c.
commodities d. unities after 1945 with the boom in franchising. A franchising
(3) a. conceals b. allows c. examines d. obstructs an individual to do
business under the name and corporate image of a national firm. One of the
world’s best-known (4) a. examples b. principles c. disciples d. samples of
a franchise is McDonald’s Restaurants.
In (5) a. part b. return c. case d. term for the use of the corporate
name and products, small-business entrepreneurs agree to operate in a
prescribed manner. They can sell only the (6) a. simplified b. signified c.
modified d. specified products. They have to pay an initial (7) a. fare b. fee
c. charge d. premium for the franchise, and they have to return to the
franchiser a percentage of the sales. The franchise holders often (8) a. obtain
b. maintain c. remain d. train capital to start the business from the national
corporation. (9) a. Although b. Despite c. Thus d. Moreover, the risk of
entering a new business is somewhat reduced. Initially, the capital (10) a.
required b. desired c. admired d. inquired for most franchises was
relatively small. However, in the 1980s, some large franchises required an
investment of over half a million dollars.
When fast-food franchises became popular, franchises also emerged in
electronics, bookstores, handicrafts, toys, clothing and many other product
lines and services. The spread of these small franchised businesses
dramatically altered the marketing of some products. In the case of the fastfood industry, franchises also altered American dietary patterns.
1. What is the main subject of the passage?
a. American businesspeople are independent.
b. Franchises are an easy way to success.
c. Franchises have helped many Americans to start business.
d. Eating habits changed in 1945.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 39
2. Which of the following can be interred as the primary reason that
franchising was successful?
a. People preferred to be their own boss.
b. The heads of large corporations wanted greater profits.
c. Franchising was more profitable than independent business.
d. Consumers wanted consistency.
3. The franchising of the fast-food business altered which of the
following:
a. Corporate salaries
b. The nature of franchising
c. Many companies’ corporate images
d. People’s eating habits
4. According to the passage, which franchise promoted the growth of
other franchises?
a. Fast food
b. Electronics
c. Bookstores
d. Toys
5. According to the passage, what is the main difference between the early
and more recent days of franchising?
a. It cost nothing to use the corporate name in the early days.
b. Most of the early franchise made modest profits in the early days.
c. The initial investment is much higher in recent days.
d. The American public is more aware of franchises in recent days.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 40
Reading comprehension 9
The flag, the most common symbol of national identity in the modern
world, is also one of the most ancient. The traditional flag of fabric is still used
to mark buildings, ships, and diplomatic caravans by national affiliation, but its
visual design makes it adaptable for other roles as well. Most flags have a
compact, rectangular shape and distinct visual symbolism. Their strong colors
and geometric patterns are usually instantly recognizable even if miniaturized
to less than a square centimeter. Images of flags can thus serve as identifying
icons on airliners, television broadcasts, and computer displays.
Despite its simplicity, the national flag as we know it today is in no way
a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of millennial of development in
many corners of the globe. Historians believe it had two major ancestors, of
which the earlier served to indicate wind direction. Early human societies used
very fragile shelters and boats. Their food sources were similarly vulnerable to
disruption. Even after various grains had been domesticated, people needed
cooperation from the elements to assure good harvests. For all these reasons,
they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth
from one direction and cold from another.
Ascertaining the direction of the wind using a simple strip of cloth tied
to the top of a post was more reliable than earlier methods, such as watching
the rising of smoke from a fire or the swaying of field grasses. The association
of these prototypes of the flag with divine power was therefore a natural one.
Tribes began to fix long cloth flutters to the tops of totems before carrying
them into battle, believing that the magical assistance of the wind would be
added to the blessings of the gods and ancestors represented by the totem itself.
These flutters may seem like close kin of our present-day flags, but
the path through history from one to the other wanders through
thousands of years and over several continents. The first known flag of a
nation or ruler was unmarked: The king who established the Chou Dynasty in
China (around 1000 B.C.) was reputed to have a white flag carried ahead of
him. This practice may have been adopted from Egyptians even further in the
past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then
across Arab lands, and finally to medieval Europe.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 41
In Europe, the Chinese-derived flag met up with the modern flag’s
second ancestor, the heraldic crest. The flags used in Asia may have been
differentiated by color, but they rarely featured emblems or pictures. European
nobles of the medieval period ahd, however, developed a system of crests
(symbols or insignias specific to particular families) that were commonly
mounted on hard surfaces: shields to be used in battle often displayed them
especially prominently.
The production of these crests on flags permitted them to be used as
heralds, meaning that they functioned as visual announcements that a member
of an important household was present. While crests began to appear on flags
as well as shields, the number of prominent families was also increasing. They
required an every greater number of combinations of stripes, crosses, flowers,
and mythical animals to distinguish themselves. These survived as the basic
components of flag design when small regional kingdoms were later combined
into larger nation-states. They remain such for many European countries today.
Some nations, particularly those whose colors and emblems date back
several hundred years, have different flags for different official uses. For
example, the flag of Poland is a simple rectangle with a white upper and red
lower half. The colors themselves have been associated with Polish nationalism
since the 1700s. they originated as the colors of the Piast family, which during
its rule displayed a crest bearing a white eagle on a red field. Homage is paid to
the Piast Dynasty in the Polish ensign, the flag officially used at sea. Unlike the
familiar plain flag flown on land, the ensign has a red shield with a white eagle
centered on its upper white stripe.
1. Paragraph 1 of the passage describes the design of the typical flag as
a. Unfamiliar to people from other countries
b. Likely to change as technology improves
c. Suited to many different uses
d. Older than the country it represents
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 42
2. The word “miniaturized” in the passage is closest in meaning to
a. publicized
b. colored
c. made brighter
d. made smaller
3. The word “primitive” in the passage is closest in meaning to
a. ancient
b. unsophisticated
c. identifiable
d. replaceable
4. The word “they” in the passage refers to
a. grains
b. people
c. elements
d. harvests
5. The earliest ancestors of the flag were associated with divine power
because
a. they were flown as high in the sky as people could reach
b. they were woven from valuable field grasses
c. they moved with the wind
d. tribes that flew them always won battles
6. The word “fix” in the passage is closest in meaning to
a. create
b. respect
c. attach
d. blow
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 43
7. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in
the boldfaced sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the
meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
a. Despite the obvious similarities between the two, ancient flutters
developed very slowly and indirectly into modern flags.
b. Despite the widespread use of modern flags, flutters in the ancient
style are still used in some parts of the world.
c. Historians are slowly discovering evidence of how the flutters used
on ancient to totems developed into modern flags.
d. Ancient flutters are still sometimes used instead of modern flags to
represent a country over official journeys.
8. According to paragraph 4 of the passage, the first known national flag
in history
a. was not carried into battle
b. is still used in China today
c. was copied by the Egyptians
d. was not colored or patterned
9. As discussed in the passage, a crest is
a. the most important member of a household
b. the color of a particular flag
c. the symbol of a particular family
d. a European noble
10. According to paragraph 6 of the passage, the number of flag designs
increased because
a. fewer shields were being made for battle
b. nation-states were becoming larger
c. artists had greater freedom in creating flags
d. more families wanted their own symbols
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 44
11. The word “them” in the passage refers to
a. crests
b. families
c. hard surfaces
d. shields
12. The word “components” in the passage is closest in meaning to
a. styles
b. markers
c. countries
d. parts
13. The two flags of Poland mentioned in the passage differ in that
a. they do not use the same colors
b. they originally represented different families
c. only one is used officially
d. one does not have a crest
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 45
PART 3: GRAMMAR
1. ………….., the world’s economic leaders have been the dominant
political and military powers.
a. raditional
b. Traditionally
c. The tradition
d. A tradition
2. Corporations of the future will be ………..those that flourished in
recent years.
a. differ from
b. different from
c. different
d. difference
3. Occupations in ………..current participants have the most education
are projected to have the most rapid growth rate.
a. that
b. which
c. who
d. these
4. Because counterfeit products are often of substandard quality,
………..a potential for safety risks.
a. there are
b. it is
c. they are
d. there is
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 46
5. The worldwide warming of ………..threatens to raise the earth’s
average temperature by 1.5-4.5 degrees Celsius by the year 2050.
a. atmosphere
b. an atmosphere
c. the atmosphere
d. any atmosphere
6. Over a billion people live in countries that are already ………firewood
shortages.
a. experienced
b. experiencing
c. experience
d. have experienced
7. As society grows increasingly dependent on technology, computer
skills are not just desirable, ………..essential.
a. and
b. but
c. for
d. not
8. At the turn of the century, scientists wondered whether the atoms of
chemical elements were ………..of smaller particles.
a. been composed
b. composing
c. to compose
d. composed
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 47
9. The census Bureau for years used the completion of the fourth grade as
………..standard of literacy.
a. its
b. it’s
c. their
d. there is
10. For every ton of grain ……….., American farmers were losing six tons
of their top soil.
a. they produced
b. which produced
c. that were producing
d. they are producing
11. From about 1910-1930, most physicist believed ………atomic energy
would be of no practical value.
a. in
b. that
c. for
d. which
12. Over 2,100 valley residents and visitors lost ………….lives in the
Johnstown Flood.
a. their
b. they’re
c. there
d. themselves
13. If our future is to be ………..environmentally and ……….sustainable,
many adjustments will have to be made.
a. economic
b. economy
c. economically
d. economical
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 48
14. The first zoological garden in the United States ……….in Philadelphia
in 1874.
a. was establishing
b. being established
c. established
d. was established
15. Jet lag is more pronounced in older adults …………..motion sickness is
a problem for the young.
a. for
b. or
c. by
d. while
16. A writer of biographies are heavily influenced by the dominant
literacy theory.
17. Birds have a relatively large brain, keen sight, and acute hearing, but
they little sense of smell.
18. Bonds, which were sold by the U.S. government to finance both world
wars, and are still an important money-raising device.
19. Unlikely / sound, light can travel / through a vacuum.
20. Vegetarians who drinking / no alcohol and do not smoke live longer
than the general population.
21. Consumer protection groups like the Consumer Guardian checks the
safety and reliability of products and services.
22. Citizens can become affiliated with a political party by check the
appropriate box when they register to vote.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 49
23. The psychologist B.F. Skinner is know for his studies of conditions
that affect the learning of behavior.
24. Scientists have / proof that groups of songbirds have / its own distinct
dialects.
25. The growing number of old people in America means there is a need
growing for service workers in the health care field.
26. Conditions like being too fat or too thinner are both associated with /
increased heath risks.
27. Socialists governments provide many social welfare programs such as
healthy careand aid to the poor.
28. Cells can exist independently of other cells and which are capable of
reproducing themselves.
29. Leaves that seemingly turn yellow or orange in autumn has actually
contained that color throughout the summer.
30. Most small mammals live only two or three years, while an elephant
may life / for as long as sixty years.
31. Recent experiments conducted on laboratory animals have shown that
exposing to ozone gas in great quantities may cause cancer.
32. When hot and cold water they are mixed together, the hot water will
give up heat to the cold water.
33. The Amazon River flows largely through the sparsely inhabited jungles
of Brazil on their way to the Atlantic Ocean.
34. Consumers who spend / more money on automobiles than on furniture
and household equipment.
เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายโครงการ “สรุปเขมโคงสุดทาย ครั้งที่ 5”
วิชา ภาษาอังกฤษ
ชื่อผูสอน อาจารย พันตรี ดร. ราเชน มีศรี
หนา 50
35. The first / elevator electric was installed in New York City in 1889.
36. Honey, a food found in the tombs of ancient Egypt, is the only food
that not / spoil.
37. The federal government can increase taxes or decrease spending to
reducing the size of its debt.
38. On a hot day, the land heats up / faster than ocean.
39. Contrarily to what we would expect, scientists measure distance, not
time, by using “light years.”
40. The Mississippi River is the long river in the United States, and is the
nation’s most important inland waterway.
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