Chapter 21 Section 2
Factories and Workers
Main Idea
The ____________________ from cottage industries changed how people worked in factories, what life
was like in factory towns, labor conditions, and, eventually, processes within factories.
Reading Focus
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How was production organized before factories?
What were factories and factory towns like?
How did the factory system affect workers?
What was mass production, and what were its effects?
Production before Factories
Work in the Home
Problems for Cottage Industries
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____________________delivered
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____________________ of equipment
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Work done to completion
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Time to learn skills
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____________________t takes product to
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____________________ strength required
market
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Factory owners took advantage of
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Workers controlled schedules, quality
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Family life revolved around business
____________________
Find the Main Idea
What were some benefits of the cottage system of production?
Answer(s): _______________ made _______________ about when to work, rest, and eat, how much to
produce; family could adjust work ________________, all family members could be involved
Factories and Factory Towns
Where employees worked
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Major change from cottage
Working in a factory
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industry
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Had to ________ home to
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work
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____________________ for
some workers
________________
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Towns grew up around
work for all
____________________
Long
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________________
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Life in factory towns
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Towns, factories rose
Poor factory conditions
near
common
____________________
_
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Sanitation poor in many
factory towns
Identify Supporting Details
What are some facts that illustrate the difficulties of factory work?
Answer(s): _______________, long workdays, noise, lack of _______________, poor sanitation,
_______________ food
The Factory System and Workers
Workers in a New Economy
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Wealthy to ____________ in, own factories
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Mid-level to run ____________
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Low-level to run ____________
Changing Labor Conditions
Cottage Workers’ Unrest
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____________goods more expensive than
factory made
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____________movement, 1811
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Violence spread, 1812
New Class of Workers
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No government regulation
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Growth of ____________class
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________________________organized
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____________, accountants, engineers,
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____________brought change
____________, salesmen
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Economy increased
Identify Cause and Effect
How did the factory system affect different groups?
Answer(s): Different groups that were part of the factory system became part of the ________________.
Factories and Mass Production
The factory system changed the world of work. In addition, new processes further changed how people
worked in factories.
Mass Production
Effects
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________________________began in U.S.
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Dramatic increase in production
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Elements:
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Businesses charged less
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________________________parts
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____________goods
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________________________line
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More ____________jobs
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Soon became norm
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Production and repair more ____________
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Production more swift
Summarize
What was mass production?
Answer(s): a system of ________________________large numbers of _______________________items