Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 1 The Skeletal System
VIDEO SUMMARY
The skeletal system supports the entire body. Despite the strength of this system, carrying a
heavy backpack can cause skeletal problems for many students. Students suffer from back
pain, problems with their shoulders, and numbness or tingling in their hands—all from carrying
heavy backpacks. Experts recommend that your backpack should be no heavier than 20
percent of your own body weight.
Click here to watch video; 00:01:56
Discussion Questions
Show the video for Lesson 1. Then guide students in discussing their responses to these
questions.
1. In addition to limiting the weight of your backpack, what tips does the video give for loading
and carrying a backpack?
Students should pack the heaviest books closest to their backs, make sure that the backpack
is balanced, and use both straps to carry the backpack.
2. What reasons do students in the video give for carrying large, heavy backpacks?
Students in the video say that they do not have lockers or they do not have time to go to their
lockers.
3. How much do you think your backpack weighs? What specific steps could you take to
lighten the load in your backpack?
Answers will vary.
4. Regular physical activity is good for your skeletal system. What makes carrying a heavy
backpack different from healthful physical activity?
Unlike healthful physical activity, carrying a heavy backpack puts negative stress on your
body and causes skeletal problems rather than strengthening the skeleton.
Accessing Information This skill addresses the important steps to take to get valid health
information and appropriate health services.
Have students form groups of three or four. Assign each group a skeletal injury or condition
to research. Have group members work together to use Internet sources to learn more about the
assigned injury or condition, including symptoms and treatment. Then have group members explain
the problem to the rest of the class.
WEB LINKS AND ADDITIONAL GLENCOE RESOURCES
•
This article at the KidsHealth.org Web site offers more information on the risks of backpacks
that are too heavy or are carried improperly. It also gives tips on using a backpack safely.
•
Visit KidsHealth.org for an introduction to the skeletal system and advice on taking good care
of your bones.
Go to Fitness Zone Online for additional fitness activities,
videos, and podcasts.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
Explain
Name _________________________________________ Date _______________ Class ____________
Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 1 The Skeletal System
VIDEO SUMMARY
The skeletal system supports the entire body. Despite the strength of this system,
carrying a heavy backpack can cause skeletal problems for many students. Students
suffer from back pain, problems with their shoulders, and numbness or tingling
in their hands—all from carrying heavy backpacks. Experts recommend that your
backpack should be no heavier than 20 percent of your own body weight.
After you have watched the video, write your responses to these questions.
1.
In addition to limiting the weight of your backpack, what tips does the video give for
loading and carrying a backpack?
What reasons do students in the video give for carrying large, heavy backpacks?
3.
How much do you think your backpack weighs? What specific steps could you take
to lighten the load in your backpack?
4.
Regular physical activity is good for your skeletal system. What makes carrying a
heavy backpack different from healthful physical activity?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
00
2.
Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 2 The Muscular System
VIDEO SUMMARY
Teens’ bodies grow and change throughout adolescence, and one of the major areas of change
is the muscular system. Before puberty, the proportion of bones, fat, and muscle is about the
same for boys and girls. During adolescence, boys’ bodies add muscle, and the proportion of
bones, fat, and muscle is no longer the same as in girls’ bodies. Muscles develop more slowly
than bones, however, so most teen boys are not as strong as they will be in a few more years.
Click here to watch video; 00:01:51
Discussion Questions
Show the video for Lesson 2. Then guide students in discussing their responses to these
questions.
1. What exercise is used in the video to test strength? According to the video, are children or
adults better able to complete the test?
In the video, participants attempt to support their own weight from a high, horizontal bar.
Children are better able to do this than adults.
2. How do you think your own muscle strength has changed in the past two years? How do
you expect it to change in the next two years? Why?
Answers will vary.
3. Which nutrients help build muscle? How can you include those nutrients in your diet?
Foods high in protein, such as meat, eggs, and beans, can help to build muscle.
Get Active
Self-Management and Practicing Healthful Behaviors This skill is the actual practice of
healthful behavior. It includes the steps and procedures used to promote wellness.
WEB LINKS AND ADDITIONAL GLENCOE RESOURCES
•
This article at KidsHealth.org gives a clear explanation of both the muscular system and the
skeletal system.
•
Muscle strains and sprains are common muscle injuries. This article at the Mayo Clinic Web site
explains what they are and describes how they should be treated.
Go to Fitness Zone Online for additional fitness activities,
videos, and podcasts.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
Have students meet in small groups. Ask group members to discuss and demonstrate specific
warm-up and stretching exercises they use to prepare for sports or other physical activity. (If
necessary, group members can refer to books or Web sites for ideas.) Challenge each student
to choose a safe new warm-up or stretching exercise and to use it before physical activity in the
coming week. After several days, ask volunteers to share their experiences with the new warm-up
or stretching routines.
Name _________________________________________ Date _______________ Class ____________
Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 2 The Muscular System
VIDEO SUMMARY
Teens’ bodies grow and change throughout adolescence, and one of the major areas
of change is the muscular system. Before puberty, the proportion of bones, fat, and
muscle is about the same for boys and girls. During adolescence, boys’ bodies add
muscle, and the proportion of bones, fat, and muscle is no longer the same as in girls’
bodies. Muscles develop more slowly than bones, however, so most teen boys are not
as strong as they will be in a few more years.
After you have watched the video, write your responses to these questions.
1.
What exercise is used in the video to test strength? According to the video, are
children or adults better able to complete the test?
2.
How do you think your own muscle strength has changed in the past two years? How
do you expect it to change in the next two years? Why?
Which nutrients help build muscle? How can you include those nutrients in your
diet?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
00
3.
Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 3 The Nervous System
VIDEO SUMMARY
Your brain, one of the two major organs of your central nervous system, is the center of
your personality. Your personality is formed by some 5,000 characteristics, all of which are
embedded within your brain. Early experiences cause specific neurons in the brain to form
connections, and repetitions of those experiences form pathways in the brain. In this way,
different aspects of your personality grow as you grow.
Click here to watch video; 00:02:44
Discussion Questions
Show the video for Lesson 3. Then guide students in discussing their responses to these
questions.
1. According to the video, how do the neurons in the brain change?
Neurons sprout branches to create more connections with one another, even as other
branches are being pruned.
2. From this video, what new ideas do you have about the importance of the experiences
children have when they are very young?
Young children’s experiences shape who they become as they grow to adults.
3. How would you describe your own personality? What makes you different from everyone
else?
Answers will vary.
4. Based on the information in the video, do you think it is possible to change your
personality? Explain your ideas.
Answers will vary.
Advocacy This skill calls for the use of persuasion to promote positive health choices personally
and for others.
Have students work with partners to plan brief skits in which one teen persuades another to
protect his or her nervous system. For example, one teen can remind another to buckle the seat
belt in a car or to wear a helmet while skateboarding or to say no to alcohol. Encourage students to
act out realistic situations and to give health-based reasons for protecting the nervous system. Give
each pair of students an opportunity to present their skit to the rest of the class.
WEB LINKS AND ADDITIONAL GLENCOE RESOURCES
•
This article at KidsHealth.org gives a clear, illustrated description of the brain and the rest of
the nervous system. It also discusses possible problems related to the brain.
•
What is cerebral palsy? This article at KidsHealth.org was written by a teen who is living with
this neurological condition.
Go to Fitness Zone Online for additional fitness activities,
videos, and podcasts.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
Role-Play
Name _________________________________________ Date _______________ Class ____________
Chapter 14 Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
Lesson 3 The Nervous System
VIDEO SUMMARY
Your brain, one of the two major organs of your central nervous system, is the center
of your personality. Your personality is formed by some 5,000 characteristics, all of
which are embedded within your brain. Early experiences cause specific neurons in
the brain to form connections, and repetitions of those experiences form pathways in
the brain. In this way, different aspects of your personality grow as you grow.
After you have watched the video, write your responses to these questions.
1.
According to the video, how do the neurons in the brain change?
2.
From this video, what new ideas do you have about the importance of the experiences
children have when they are very young?
How would you describe your own personality? What makes you different from
everyone else?
4.
Based on the information in the video, do you think it is possible to change your
personality? Explain your ideas.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 14
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3.