SWEDEN
North
Sea
IRELAND
DENMARK
GREAT
BRITAIN
El be
Cologne
.
R
Strasbourg
ALSACE
SWITZ.
S
TYROL
AUSTRIA
Venice
Trieste
CORSICA
Areas lost by Russia
LITHUANIA
SARDINIA
Areas lost by Bulgaria
POLAND
ula
Warsaw
VAKIA
Dni
R O M A N IA
Bucharest
r
BESSARABIA
Black Sea
Sofia
MONTENEGRO
Istanbu
Istanbul (Constantinople)
(Constantinople)
Naples
ALBANIA
te
BULGARIA
(To
(to Yugoslavia,
1921)
Mediterranean Sea
es
Budapest
HUNGARY
SOVIET UNION
Kiev
GALICIA
Belgrade
YUGOSLAVIA
SERBIA
ITALY
Rome
Areas lost by Germany
EAST
PRUSSIA
Zagreb
CROATIA
Fiume
G
RT
U
PO
SPAIN
OSLO
Vienna
AL
Milan
Areas lost by AustroHungarian Empire
R.
Geneva
Prague
CZEC
H
ine
LORRAINE
Demilitarized zone
(St Petersburg)
LATVIA
Vi s t
Weimar
Frankfurt
Paris LUX.
FRANCE
Berlin
SH R
LI IDO
PO RR
CO
GERMANY
Rh
Versailles
R.
RUHR
Leningrad
ESTONIA
Danzig
Kiel
Amsterdam
Brussels
BELGIUM
Atlantic
Ocean
Stockholm
Baltic
Sea
NETHERLANDS
Boundaries of German,
Russian, and AustroHungarian empires in 1914
FINLAND
NORWAY
TURKEY
GREECE
Athens
0
km
750
SICILY
CRETE
CYPRUS
Map 2.1 Territorial changes in Europe after the First World War
Source: After William R. Keylor, The Legacy of the Great War: Peacemaking 1919 (New York, Houghton Mifflin: 1998)