Name: ______________________________________
Period: _____
Weather and Climate
Heat Transfer 1. Match the heat transfer to the example.
_____ conduction
a. drying your boots over a hot-air vent
_____ convection
b. burning your bare feet on hot sand
_____ radiation
c. feeling the sun’s warmth on your face
2. Most of the heating of the troposphere is caused by _________________.
3. The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air form ____________.
Winds
4. The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure is referred to as
_______________.
5. Differences in air pressure are caused by _______________ of the atmosphere.
6. Match the instrument with what it measures.
_____
wind vane
a. wind speed
_____
anemometer
b. wind direction
7. True or False: A south wind blows toward the south.
8. Winds that blow over short distances are called _______________.
9. Local winds are caused by ________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________.
10. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the unequal heating of land and water.
a. Land warms up faster than water.
b. During the day, air over water is warmer than air over land.
c. Water cools more quickly than land.
d. At night, air over water is cooler than air over land.
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
11. Label the drawings to indicate which drawing shows a sea breeze and which drawing shows a land breeze.
12. Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances are called _______________.
13. Identify the global wind belts and calm areas in the figure.
a. _______________
b. _______________
c. _______________
d. _______________
e. _______________
14. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about global winds.
a. They are created by unequal heating of Earth’s surface.
b. They are produced by the movement of air between the equator and the poles.
c. They blow in a straight line from the poles toward the equator.
d. They curve because of Earth’s rotation.
15. As Earth rotates, the Coriolis effect causes winds in the Northern Hemisphere to turn toward the
_______________.
16. The calm areas around Earth include the _______________ and the _______________.
17. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about jet streams.
a. They are about 100 kilometers above Earth’s surface.
b. They are hundreds of kilometers wide.
c. They blow from east to west.
d. They blow at speeds of 200 to 400 kilometers per hour.
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
Humidity
18. A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air is ________________.
19. Relative humidity is the ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________.
Air Masses and Fronts
20. What is an air mass?
21. Scientists classify air masses according to _______________ and _______________.
22. True or False: Polar air masses have low air pressure.
23. Complete the compare / contrast table.
24. In the continental United States, major wind belts generally push air masses from _______________ to
_______________.
25. Label the drawings to indicate a cold front and a warm front.
26. Match the type of front with how it forms.
___ cold front
a. a moving warm air mass collides with a slowly moving cold air mass
___ warm front
b. a warm air mass is caught between two cooler air masses
___ stationary front
c. a rapidly moving cold air mass runs into a slow moving warm air mass
___ occluded front
d. a cold air mass and a warm air mass meet and remain stalled
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
Cyclones and Anticyclones
27. A swirling center of low air pressure is called a(n) _______________.
28. True or false: Winds spiral inward toward the center of a cyclone.
29. True or false: Winds in an anticyclone spin clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.
Storms
30. A sudden energy discharge between parts of a cloud or between the cloud and the ground is called
_______________.
31. What is a tornado?
32. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about where and when tornadoes occur.
a. Tornadoes are most likely in late summer and early fall.
b. Tornadoes occur often in the Great Plains.
c. Tornadoes occur more often in the United States than in any other country.
d. Tornadoes occur in just a few parts of the United States.
33. Where is the safest place to be during a tornado?
34. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about a hurricane.
a. It is a tropical storm.
b. It has winds of at least 159 kilometers per hour.
c. It is typically about 60 kilometers across.
d. It forms over water.
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
35. Fill in each blank in the diagram with one of the following phrases: path of hurricane; eye of hurricane; warm
moist air; wind direction
36. The quiet center of a hurricane is called the _______________.
37. True or False: Hurricanes do not last as long as other storms.
38. True or False: If you hear a hurricane warning and are told to evacuate, you should leave the area immediately.
Predicting the Weather
39. Scientists who study the causes of weather and try to predict it are called _______________.
40. A warm-water event that occurs periodically in the Pacific Ocean is called _______________.
41. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about El Niño.
a. When it occurs, warm surface water is pushed toward South America.
b. It prevents cold water from rising to the surface near the coast of South America.
c. It occurs once every five to ten years.
d. It can affect weather patterns in places as far away as Florida.
42. What data are shown on a weather map?
43. What is the weather information below, at the weather station represented by the
symbol shows?
a. Temperature
__________
b. air pressure
__________
c.
__________
wind direction
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
44. Fill in the blanks in the table by interpreting the symbols on the map.
Weather Factor
Denver
o
Temperature ( F)
Chicago
New York
78
Cloud Cover
partly cloudy
Wind Direction
southeast
Wind Speed (mph)
Air Pressure (inches)
30.3
45. Match the term with its definition.
____ Isobar
a. lines on a weather map joining places that have the same temperature
____ Isotherms
b. lines on a weather map joining places that have the same air pressure
46. Why is weather forecasting tricky, even with current technology?
47. True or False: The butterfly effect refers to the fact that a small change
in the weather today can mean a larger change in the weather a week
later.
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
What causes climate?
48. The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area is the
_______________.
49. The main factors that affect precipitation are _______________ and _______________.
50. Why does precipitation occur when warm air rises?
51. True or False: Winds blowing inland from oceans carry less water than winds blowing from land.
52. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about the effect of mountain ranges on precipitation.
a. Precipitation falls on the leeward side of mountains.
b. The windward side of mountains is in a rain shadow.
c.
Air that flows over the mountains absorbs a lot of water vapor as it rises.
d. Precipitation falls on the side of the mountains that the oncoming wind hits.
53. What are the main factors that influence temperature?
54. It is warmer near _______________ because the sun’s rays strike Earth’s surface most directly there.
55. Identify the three temperature zones on Earth’s surface that are based on latitude. Shade the tropical zone red, the temperate zone – green, and the polar zone – blue. Also label the Tropic of Cancer, the Tropic of
Capricorn, and the Equator.
Pre-AP Weather & Climate
56. True or False: Areas at high altitudes have cool climates no matter what their latitude.
57. Match the type of climate with its description.
_____ marine climate
a. relatively warm winters and cool summers
_____ continental climate
b. cold winters and warm or hot summers
58. The climate characteristic of a small specific area is a(n) _______________.
Climate Regions
59. What are the two major factors that scientists use to classify climates?
a. _______________
b. _______________
60. What are the five major climate regions?
a. _______________
d. _______________
b. _______________
e. _______________
c.
_______________
Pre-AP Weather & Climate