The Later Middle Ages 1000 - 1500
Chapter 10 - pp. 256 - 289
Standards:
HSS 7.6.4 - Demonstrate an understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and European
monarchs (e.g., Charlemagne, Gregory VII, Emperor Henry IV)
HSS 7.6.6 - Discuss the causes and course of the religious Crusades and their effects on the Christian, Muslim, and
Jewish populations in Europe, with emphasis on the increasing contact by Europeans with cultures of the Eastern
Mediterranean world.
HSS 7.6.8 - Understand the importance of the Catholic church as a political, intellectual, and aesthetic institution
(e.g., founding of universities, political and spiritual roles of the clergy, creation of monastic and mendicant
religious orders, preservation of the Latin language and religious texts, St. Thomas Aquinas’s synthesis of classical
philosophy with Christian theology, and the concept of “natural law”).
HSS 7.6.5 - Know the significance of developments in medieval English legal and constitutional practices and their
importance in the rise of modern democratic thought and representative institutions (e.g., Magna Carta, parliament,
development of habeas corpus, an independent judiciary in England).
HSS 7.6.7 - Map the spread of the bubonic plague from Central Asia to China, the Middle East, and Europe and
describe its impact on global population.
HSS - 7.6.9 - Know the history of the decline of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula that culminated in the
Reconquista and the rise of Spanish and Portuguese kingdoms.
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Chapter 10 Points
Chapter Project!!
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Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5!
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Current Events!!
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Chapter 10 Test!!
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Section 1 - Popes and Kings:
Main Ideas:
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The Big Idea:
Key Terms and People:
- Excommunication
- Pope Gregory VII
- Emperor Henry IV
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Section 1 Assessment:
1.
2.
Describe - What was the pope’s role in the Christian Church?
Draw Conclusions - How did cooperation with the pope help kings like
Charlemagne and the early Holy Roman Emperors?
3.
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5.
Explain - Why did Pope Leo IX excommunicate the bishop of Constantinople?
Identify - With whom did Pope Gregory VII clash?
Elaborate - Why do you think the pope made Emperor Henry VI wait for three days
before forgiving him?
6.
Comparing - Using the chart below, compare the power of the popes to the power of
the kings.
Power of Popes
Shared Powers
Power of Kings
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Section 2 - The Crusades:
Main Ideas:
The Big Idea:
Key Terms and People:
- Crusades
- Holy Land
- Pope Urban II
- King Richard
- Saladin
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Section 2 Assessment:
1.
Recall - What did Pope Urban II ask Christians to do?
2.
Elaborate - Why do you think so many people were willing to go on a Crusade?
3.
Identify - Provide facts on the Crusade fought between Saladin and King Richard I.
4.
Identify - What new products were introduced to Europe after the Crusades?
5.
Draw Conclusions - Why did the Crusades change relationships between Christians
and other groups?
6.
Identifying Cause and Effect -Identify three causes and three effects of the Crusades.
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CAUSES!
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3.
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(The Crusades!)!
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EFFECTS
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Section 3 - Christianity and Medieval Society:
Main Ideas:
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The Big Idea:
Key Terms and People:
- clergy
- religious order
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- Francis of Assisi
- friars
- Thomas Aquinas
- natural law
- fief
Section 3 Assessment:
1. Recall - What are church officials called?
2 Explain -What were some of the reasons that people went on pilgrimages
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3. Identify - What new monastery founded in France in the 900s served as an
example to people around Europe?
4. Contrast - How were friars different from monks?
5. Analyze - How did Thomas Aquinas think reason and faith could work together?
6. Identify - What new style of religious architecture developed in Europe in the
1100s?
7. Elaborate - Why do you think so much of the art created in the Middle Ages was
religious?
8. Categorizing - What was the role of the church in the following areas?
Politics:! !
!Education!
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The Arts
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Section 4 - Political and Social Change:
Main Ideas:
1.
2.
3.
The Big Idea:
Key Terms and People:
-Magna Carta
- Parliament
- Hundred Years’ War
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- Joan of Arc
- Black Death
Section 4 Assessment:
1. Identify - The Magna Carta limited the king’s power, but how was the creation of
Parliament a step toward the creation of democracy in England?
2. Explain - Joan of Arc rallied the French troops during the Hundred Years’ War, but in
the end France sustained much more damage than in England. Why do you think this was the
case?
3. Explain - How did the Black Death contribute to the decline of the manor system?
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Section 5 - Challenges to Church Authority:
Main Ideas:
-1.
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The Big Idea:
Key Terms and People:
- heresy
- Reconquista
- King Ferdinand
- Queen Isabella
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- Spanish Inquisition
Section 5 Assessment:
1. Explain - Why did the church send priests and friars to find heretics?
2. Identify - What three groups did Spanish Christians try to drive out of their lands?
3. Explain - What was the purpose of the Spanish Inquisition?
Chapter 10 Standards Review:
1.Reviewing Vocabulary, Terms, and People - Use the word bank to complete the definitions.
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excommunicate!!
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heresy! !
religious order! !
Thomas Aquinas!
Crusades!
Magna Carta!
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clergy
Spanish Inquisition
A.Church officials ________________________
B. Punished non-Christians in Spain __________________________
C. Religious ideas that oppose church teachings _____________________
D.An English document limiting the king’s powers _________________________
E. Cast out from the church __________________________
F. Thought faith and reason could be used together
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G. A group of people who dedicate their lives to religion, live together, and follow the
same rules ___________________________
H. Wars fought to regain the Holy Land _________________________
2. Describe - What was the relationship between Charlemagne and the pope like?
3.Contrast - How did the opinions of popes like Gregory VII about power differ from those of
kings like Henry IV?
4. Evaluate - Do you think conflict with kings strengthened or weakened medieval popes? Why?
5. Draw Conclusions - Why do you think the Crusades changed the relationships between
Christians and other groups?
6. Evaluate - Which Crusade do you think was must successful? Which was least successful?
Explain your thinking.
7. Society and Culture - How did the church affect the lives of ordinary people?
8. Identify - Why were the Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions so feared?
9. Elaborate - Why do you think some Christians considered heresy such a threat?
10.Religion - In what ways did the Crusades demonstrate the power of the church in Europe?
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11. Which of the following had the greatest influence on the lives of most Europeans during
the Middle Ages?
A.Towns and trade!
B. The king
C. Religion and the church
D.Universities
12.One reason the Crusades failed to conquer the Holy Land permanently was because
A.The fighting was long distance from Europe
B. Crusader armies had better weapons than the Muslims did
C. Religion was not important to most Europeans
D.The power of popes declined
13.Which statement best describes the relationship between popes and kings during
Europe’s Middle Ages?
A.Popes became more powerful than kings
B. Many popes became kings, and many kings became popes
C. Popes and kings often disagreed with each other
D.Kings had more power than popes
14. Before the Reconquista, most of the Iberian Peninsula was controlled by
A.Spaniards
B. Portuguese
C. Crusaders
D.Muslims
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Connecting with Past Learnings:
15. Muslim culture spread all the way to Spain through conquest and trade. Which culture
spread across much of the ancient world in the same way?
A. Japanese
B. Harappan
C. Roman
D.Sumerian
16. Magna Carta helped introduce democratic ideas to England. The first democracy in the
ancient world arose in
A. Greece
B. China
C. India
D.Rome
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