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Prelims2017–Test1
SOLUTIONS
1. AstherulersofthemahajanapadasoftheCommonErawerebuilding
hugefortsmaintainingbigarmies,theyneededmoreresourcesfor
whichtheycollectedtaxes.Considerthefollowingaboutit.
1. Taxesoncropwerefixedatacertainshareofthetotalproduce.
2. Craftpersonsweremadetopaytaxes.
3. Huntergatherersandherderswereexemptfromtaxesasitwas
notpossibletoenumeratethemasapartofanyspecificempire.
4. Tradewastax-freebutasurchargewasleviedonspecialcategory
ofgoods.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
1,3and4only
2and3only
1,2,3and4
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:Taxesoncropswerethemostimportant.This
wasbecausemostpeoplewerefarmers.Usually,thetaxwasfixedat1/6th
ofwhatwasproduced.Thiswasknownasbhagaorashare.
Statement2:Thesecouldhavebeenintheformoflabour.Forexample,a
weaverorasmithmayhavehadtoworkforadayeverymonthforthe
king.
Statement3:Herderswerealsoexpectedtopaytaxesintheformof
animalsandanimalproduce.Andhuntersandgatherersalsohadto
provideforestproducetotheraja.So,3isincorrect.
Statement4:Therewerealsotaxesongoodsthatwereboughtandsold,
throughtrade.So,4isalsoincorrect.
QSource:Page59:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
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2. SariskaTigerReserveisknownfor
a) BeingthefirstTigerreserveintheWorldtohavesuccessfully
relocatedtigers
b) Confluenceoffourriversatasinglelocationharbouringoneofthe
richestbiodiversityofpredatorsinIndia
c) Successfullystoppingpoachingoftigersandotherrelatedspecies
completely
d) BeingthefirstTigerReservetobenamedinCITESagreement
Solution:a)
Justification:In2004,itwasfoundthatnotigerswereleftinSariska
reserve,whichtheRajasthanForestDepartmentlargelyattributedinitially
tomigration,butlatertopoaching.
Thematterwastakenseriously,andin2005,theGovernmentofRajasthan,
incooperationwiththeGovernmentofIndiaandWildlifeInstituteofIndia
(WII),plannedthere-introductionoftigerstoSariskafromRanthambore
tigerreserve.
Itthusbecamethefirsttigerreserveintheworldtohavesuccessfully
relocatedtigers.
Learning:ThisareawasahuntingpreserveoftheAlwarstateanditwas
declaredawildlifereservein1955.
• TheareaofSariska,beingapartoftheAravalliRange,isrichin
mineralresources,suchascopper.
• Thereserveisalsothelocationofseveralsitesofhistorical
importancesuchasthe16th-centuryKankwadifort,originallybuilt
byJaiSinghII,locatednearthecentreofthepark.
• Pandupolinthehillsinthecentreofthereserveisbelievedtobeone
oftheretreatsofPandava.
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QSource:Page63(newsreports):NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOur
Habitat
3. Themid-daySunwillNEVERbeexactlyoverheadonwhichofthe
followinglocations?
1. AnylatitudeinPolarRegions
2. Anylatitudewhereequatorialvegetationisfound
3. Anylongitudethattouchespoles
4. AnylongitudethatpassesthroughScandinaviancountries
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and3only
2,3and4only
1,3and4only
1only
Solution:d)
Concept:Themid-daysunisexactlyoverheadatleastonceayearonall
latitudesinbetweentheTropicofCancerandtheTropicofCapricorn.This
area,therefore,receivesthemaximumheatandiscalledtheTorridZone.
Themid-daysunnevershinesoverheadonanylatitudebeyondtheTropic
ofCancerandtheTropicofCapricorn.Theangleofthesun’sraysgoeson
decreasingtowardsthepoles.
Justification:Statement1:Asevidentfromtheexplanationabove,1is
clearlyananswer.
Statement2:Equatorialvegetationcanbefoundnearequator,whereSun’s
raysaregenerallyoverhead.
Statement3:Everylongitudestartsfromapoleandmeetstheotherpole.It
islatitudethatmattersindistributionofsolarinsolation,notthelongitude.
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Statement4:Basedonthesamelogicasabove,4isalsoincorrect.
QSource:Page12:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
4. WhatisthedifferencebetweentheanimalsChangthangiandChiru?
a) Changthangilivesinhotandaridareas,whereasChiruisadaptedto
liveinsemi-desertareasofcoldhighmountains
b) Changthangiisanantelope,whereasChiruisaprimate.
c) ChangthangiisfamouslyrearedforPashminawool,whereasChiruis
rearedforgettingShahtooshwool
d) Changthangiispoachedforitshorns,whereasChiruishuntedforits
muskwhichhasgreatmedicinalvalue
Solution:c)
Justification:OptionA:TheChangthangiorPashminagoatinhabitsthe
plateausinTibetandneighbouringareasofLadakhinJammu&Kashmir.
Theyareraisedforultra-finecashmerewool(pashmina).
TibetanAntelopeofChiruisnativetoTibet.
OptionB:Chiruisanantelope,whereasChangthangiisagoat.Primateare
apes,humansetc.
OptionC-D:InrecentyearsChiruhasbecomeendangeredduetopoaching
fortheirsoftandwarmwoolwhichisusuallyobtainedafterdeath.This
woolisknownasshahtooshandisusedtoweaveshawls.Atpresent,
internationaltradeintheirproductsisstrictlyprohibited.
QSource:Improvisation:Page75:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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5. Why15thAugustwaschosenastheIndependenceDateofIndia?
a) ItwasonthisdatethatIndianIndependenceBillwasintroducedin
theBritishHouseofCommonsandpassed.
b) LordMountbattenchosethedateasheconsideredthisdatetobe
lucky.
c) ItwasonthisdatethattheLahoreSessionoftheCongresspassedthe
“PurnaSwaraj”resolution.
d) Onthisdate,India’sConstituentAssemblypassedthe“Objectives
Resolution”grantingfreedomtoIndia.
Solution:b)
Justification&Learning:OptionA:IndianIndependenceBillwas
introducedintheBritishHouseofCommonsonJuly4,1947andpassed
withinafortnight.
OptionB:ThedatewaschosenbyLordMountbattenhimselfbecausehe
hadconsideredthisdatetobelucky.ItwasonthisdayduringtheWorld
WarII,thattheJapaneseArmysurrenderedtotheallies.
OptionC:In1929,whenJawaharlalNehruasCongressPresidentgavethe
callfor‘PoornaSwaraj’ortotalindependencefromBritishcolonialrule,
January26waschosenastheIndependenceDay.Lateritwasdeclaredas
theRepublicDay.
QSource:http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/whywas-august-15-chosen-as-independence-day/
6. NASA'sFermiMissionisaimedatunderstanding
1. Earth’sgeologicalstructure
2. Roleofexo-planetsinprovidingahabitablespaceonearth
3. Searchforsignsofnewlawsofphysicsandwhatcomposesthe
mysteriousDarkMatter
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a) 1only
b) 2and3only
c) 3only
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d) Noneoftheabove
Solution:c)
Justification:NASA'sFermi(formerlyGamma-rayLargeAreaSpace
Telescope,orGLAST)isapowerfulspaceobservatory(from2008)thathas
startedto:
• ExplorethemostextremeenvironmentsintheUniverse,where
natureharnessesenergiesfarbeyondanythingpossibleonEarth.
• Searchforsignsofnewlawsofphysicsandwhatcomposesthe
mysteriousDarkMatter.
• Explainhowblackholesaccelerateimmensejetsofmaterialtonearly
lightspeed.
• Helpcrackthemysteriesofthestupendouslypowerfulexplosions
knownasgamma-raybursts.
• Answerlong-standingquestionsacrossabroadrangeoftopics,
includingsolarflares,pulsarsandtheoriginofcosmicrays.
Learning:Gammaraysarethehighest-energyformoflight,andthe
gamma-rayskyisspectacularlydifferentfromtheoneweperceivewith
ourowneyes.
Fermidatahasenabledscientiststoanswerpersistentquestionsacrossa
broadrangeoftopics,includingsupermassiveblack-holesystems,pulsars,
theoriginofcosmicrays,andsearchesforsignalsofnewphysics.
QSource:CurrentAffairs:NASAWebsite:
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/nasas-fermi-missionexpands-its-search-for-dark-matter
7. Considerthefollowingabout“spotmarkets”inIndia.
1. Theyareelectronicfinancialmarketswhereonspotdealsfor
“futures”incommoditiesarefixed.
2. NationalSpotExchangeLimited(NSEL)istheonlyrecognized
spotmarketinIndia.
3. TheyareregulatedbytheSecuritiesandExchangeBoardofIndia
(SEBI).
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Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
1and3only
3only
1,2and3
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Itisapublicfinancialmarketinwhichfinancial
instrumentsorcommoditiesaretradedfor“immediatedelivery”.It
contrastswithafuturesmarket,inwhichdeliveryisdueatalaterdate.So,
1isincorrect.
Statement2:Therearemanyplayersinthesportmarket,fore.g.NCDEX
SpotExchangeLimited,IndianBullionSpotExchangelimited.NSELisonly
oneofthem,whichwasalsoinnewsduetoascam.
Statement3:SpotExchangeispresentlyrecognizedbyMinistryof
ConsumerAffairs,Food&PublicDistribution.Itwasregulatedbythe
ForwardContractsActearlierbyForwardMarketsCommission.Now,since
FMChasbeenmergedwithSEBI,SEBIregulatesit.
Learning:CurrenteventssectionexplainstheNSELscamverywell
http://www.insightsonindia.com/2016/08/01/insights-daily-currentaffairs-01-august-2016/
Youcanalsogothroughthistoknowmoreaboutspotmarkets
http://www.arthapedia.in/index.php?title=Spot_Exchanges
QSource:NSELScam
8. TheConstitution(122ndAmendment)(GST)Bill,2014mustbe
passedbyatleasthalfofallstateassembliesinIndiaby
a) Two-thirdmajorityoftheassemblypresentandvoting
b) Absolutemajorityofthetotalmembershipofthehouse
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c) Simplemajorityinformofaresolution
d) ConcurrenceoftheSpeakeroftheHouseandagreedtobythe
GovernoroftheState
Solution:c)
Learning:Amendmentsthatseektochangefederalprovisionsofthe
Constitutionwillbefirstpassedinthetwohousesseparatelybyabsolute
andspecialmajority.
Theyafterwardsalsoneedtoberatifiedbylegislaturesofatleasthalfof
thestatesbyresolutions.
Onlyafterthis,thebillwillbesentforpresidentialassent,anditbecomes
anAct.
AssamrecentlybecamethefirststatetoratifytheGSTBill.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/assambecomes-first-state-to-ratify-gst-bill/article8980777.ece
9. Withregardtopollutionandclimatechange,whyenvironment
regulatorsaretargetingDieselcarsmorethanPetrolcars?
1. DieselcarshavehigheremissionsofNOxandparticulatematter
thanpetrolcars.
2. HighsulphurcontentemittedbyDieselcarsleadtoacidrain.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
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Concept:Naturallyoccurringcrudecanbeburntdirectlytoproduce
energy,butbecausedifferenthydrocarbonshavedifferentboilingpoints,
thecombustionwillbeveryuneven.
• Assuch,crudeoilis‘refined’intocompoundslikekerosene,LPG,
paraffinwax,naphtha,etc.,apartfrompetrolanddiesel.
• Longerthecarbonchain,higheristheprobabilityoffindingother
elementslikesulphurandnitrogenattachedtoit.Petrolisamore
uniformcarboncompoundthandieselaspetrolhasshorterchains
thanDiesel.
• Crucially,dieselhashighersulphurcontent.
Justification:Statement2:Emissionsfromdieselvehicles,especially
particulatematterandblackcarbon,arethemajorreasonsforairpollution
aswell.Sulphates,likesulphurdioxide,releasedintheatmospheremay
leadtoacidrain.So,statement2iscorrect.
Petrolexhaustproducescarbonmonoxide(CO)andsomenitrousoxides
(NOx)duringcombustion.
Statement1:TheCOcombineswithoxygenagaintoproducecarbon
dioxide(CO2),whichiswhatcomesoutoftheexhaustpipesofpetrol
vehicles.
• Therelativelyhighnitrogenandsulphurcontentindieselresultsin
theformationofhigheramountsofNOx,andparticulatematter
containingmainlysulphurouscompounds.
• CO2isagreenhousegas,andcontributestoglobalwarming;NOxand
particulatemattercarrymajorhealthrisks.
QSource:Improvisation:http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/scallows-diesel-suvs-back-into-the-capital-55281
10.
WhichofthefollowingisNOTvitalfortheestablishmentor
successofademocracy?
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a)
b)
c)
d)
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PresenceofRuleofLaw
Grantingfundamentalrightstothepopulation
Politicalequalityofcitizenstorunforpublicoffices
Directelectionsofallrepresentatives
Solution:d)
Justification:OptionA:Ruleoflawensuresthatdemocracydoesn’tturn
intoRuleofMen.
OptionB:Fundamentalrightsguardthecitizensfromthetyrannyand
despotismoftherulers.
OptionC:Ifacertainclassofcitizensarebanned(withoutanyintelligible
criteria)fromparticipatinginelectionsorrunningforpublicoffices,a
democracymaynotbesustained.
OptionD:Manydemocraciespracticeindirectelectionofrepresentatives,
fore.g.PresidentofUSAisindirectlyelected.VoterselecttheElectoral
College,whichthenelectsthePresident.
InIndia,RajyaSabhaMPsareindirectlyelected.So,directelectionofall
representativesisnotcrucialforademocracy.
QSource:Page32:NCERT6th:SocialandEconomicLife–I
11.
InIndia,thepublichealthserviceisachainofhealthcentres
andhospitalsrunbythegovernment.Underit,PrimaryHealth
Centres(PHCs)serve
a) Manyvillagesinaruralarea
b) SpecificwardsinaMunicipality
c) Severalhundredsofvillagesattheblocklevel
d) AsattachmentsoftheDistrictHospitalsinsub-urbanareas
Solution:a)
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Learning:Atthevillageleveltherearesub-healthcentreswherethereis
usuallyanurseandavillagehealthworker.Theyaretrainedindealing
withcommonillnesses.
TheyworkunderthesupervisionofdoctorsatthePrimaryHealthCentre
(PHC)whichisnextinthehierarchy.Suchacentrecoversmanyvillagesin
aruralarea.
AttheBlocklevel,thereisusuallyaCommunityHealthCentrewithmore
facilitiesthanatPHC.
AtthedistrictlevelistheDistrictHospitalthatalsosupervisesallthe
healthcentres.
QSource:Page24:NCERT7th:SocialandEconomicLife–II
12.
Whichofthefollowingclearlyshowstheimportanceofcarbon
dioxideinearth’satmosphere?
1. Itisessentialforthegrowthofplants.
2. Itisthemostabundantgasintheatmosphereafternitrogenand
oxygen.
3. ItabsorbstheheatdirectlyincomingfromtheSunthuswarming
theplanet.
4. Oceanabsorbscarbondioxidefromtheatmospheretoform
carbonaterocks.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and4only
2and3only
1,3and4only
1,2,3and4
Solution:a)
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Justification:Statement1:GreenplantsuseCO2gastopreparetheirfood
throughphotosynthesis.
Statement2:Argonisthenextabundantgas.
Statement3:Carbondioxideintheatmospheredoesnotabsorbthe
incomingvisibleradiationscomingfromthesunblockstheoutgoing
infraredradiationsradiatedbyearth.Byabsorbinginfraredradiations,the
atmospheregetsheated.ThisisknownasGreenhouseEffect.Theheated
atmospherekeepstheearthworm.Thuscarbondioxidehelpsinkeeping
theearthwarmerbyblockingtheinfraredradiations.
Statement4:Whencarbondioxide(CO2)isabsorbedbyseawater,
chemicalreactionsoccurthatreduceseawaterpH,carbonateion
concentration,andsaturationstatesofbiologicallyimportantcalcium
carbonateminerals.
• Itiscalled"oceanacidification".
• Calciumcarbonatemineralsarethebuildingblocksfortheskeletons
andshellsofmanymarineorganisms.
Learning:Volcanicoutgassingandwildfiresaretwosignificantnatural
sourcesofCO2inEarth'satmosphere.Respiration,theprocessbywhich
organismsliberateenergyfromfood,emitscarbondioxide.
CarbondioxideisthemostabundantgasintheatmospheresofMarsand
Venus.
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QSource:Improvisation:Page35:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOur
Habitat
13.
ConsiderthefollowingaboutUnstructuredSupplementary
ServiceData(USSD)thatisbeingutilizedbymanycorporationsin
Indiaforservicedelivery.
1. UseofUSSDislimitedduetoitsrequirementofhighspeed
internet.
2. Itcanbeusedforservingthebankingneedsofcustomers.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:b)
Justification:USSDisaGSMbasedtechnologyi.e.usedtosendtext
betweenamobilephoneandanapplicationprograminthenetwork.
UnlikeShortMessageService(SMS)messages,USSDmessagescreatea
real-timeconnectionduringaUSSDsession.Sotheyaremoreresponsive
thanservicesthatuseSMS.
Statement1:So,itcanbeusedevenwithoutanyinternetconnectionasit
doesnotrequireanydata.1willbewrong.
Statement2:TheUnionBankofIndia(UBI)hasrecentlylaunchedan
UnstructuredSupplementaryServiceData(USSD)based*99#mobile
applicationfortheircustomersforbasicbankingneeds.
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ItwaslaunchedinpartnershipwithNationalPaymentsCorporationof
India(NPCI),theumbrellaorganisationforallretailpaymentssystemin
thecountry.
QSource:
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/banking/finance/banking
/-union-bank-of-india-launches-ussd-based-mobile-app-for-basic-bankingneeds-with-npci/articleshow/53673011.cms
14.
TheArchaeologicalRuinsofthelocationcomprisethefirst
greaturbancentreoftheInduscivilizationwithburntbrick
structures.ItisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandrecentlyamovie
onitwasdirectedbyAshutoshGowariker.Itis?
a) Burzahom
b) Inamgaon
c) Lothal
d) Noneoftheabove
Solution:d)
Learning:ItisMohenjodaro.TheArchaeologicalRuinsatMoenjodaroare
thebestpreservedurbansettlementinSouthAsiadatingbacktothe
beginningofthe3rdmillenniumBC,andexercisedaconsiderableinfluence
onthesubsequentdevelopmentofurbanization.
• ThearchaeologicalruinsarelocatedontherightbankoftheIndus
River
• ItwasoneofthelargestsettlementsoftheancientIndusValley
Civilization.
• TheArchaeologicalRuinsatMoenjodaroarebeingprotectedby
NationalandRegionallawsincludingtheAntiquitiesAct1975
• ThediscoveryofMoenjodaroin1922revealedevidenceofthe
customs,art,religionandadministrativeabilitiesofitsinhabitants.
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QSource:Recentmovie+Improvisation:Chapter4:NCERT6thHistory:
OurPasts-I
15.
Whichofthefollowingforesttypescoversthelargestareain
India?
a) TropicalMoistDeciduousForest
b) TropicalEvergreenForests
c) LittoralandSwampForest
d) Sub-TropicalBroadLeavedHillForest
Solution:a)
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Justification:FAOhasprovidedtherelevantstatistics,wherelargest
Tropicalmoistdeciduousisfollowedbytropicaldrydeciduous.So,
deciduousforestscoverthelargestforestareainIndia,morethan60%!
Tropicalwetevergreenforestsfollowandthensemi-evergreenforests.
QSource:Improvisation:Page59:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOur
Habitat
16.
InIndia,rocksofwhichofthefollowingregionswasformedthe
earliest?
a) Khasihills
b) LowerShiwaliks
c) Indo-Gangeticplain
d) DeccanTraps
Solution:d)
Justification:GeoglogyofIndiacanbecategorizedinfollowingeras,in
increasingchronologicalorder.
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• Precambriansuper-eon
• Phanerozoic
o Palaeozoic
§ LowerPaleozoic
§ UpperPaleozoic
o Mesozoic
o Cenozoic
§ Tertiaryperiod
§ Quaternaryperiod
Option(a):Khasihills,oneofyoungest,belongtoTertiaryperiod(towhich
alargeareainNorth-eastalsobelongs).
Option(b):ShiwaliksarepartofHimalayas,sogiventhereasoningbelow,
this(b)willalsobeincorrect.
Option(c):ThealluviumwhichisfoundintheIndo-Gangeticplainbelongs
totheQuaternaryperiod.ItwaserodedfromtheHimalayasbytherivers
andthemonsoons.SinceHimalayaswereformedafterDeccantraps,and
areveryyoung,(c)can’tbetheanswer.
TheDeccanplateauinIndiaisoneoftheoldestplateausinIndiamade
mainlyfromigneousrocks.
Wewillbecoveringmorequestionsonthisareainlatertests.
QSource:Improvisation:Page42:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOur
Habitat
17.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheUnitedNationsCommission
onSustainableDevelopment(CSD).
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1. ItwasestablishedbytheConferenceofParties(COP)tothe
UNFCCC.
2. Itsprimarydutyistoenforcethebindingagreementssigned
undertheUNFCCC.
3. Itmeetseverytenyearstochartthecourseof‘sustainable
development’inbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2and3only
3only
Noneoftheabove
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:ItwasestablishedbytheUNGeneralAssembly
inDecember1992toensureeffectivefollow-upofUnitedNations
ConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment(UNCED),alsoknownasthe
EarthSummit.
AttheUnitedNationsConferenceonSustainableDevelopment(Rio+20),
MemberStatesagreedtoestablishahighlevelpoliticalforumthatreplaced
theCommissiononSustainableDevelopment.Thebodynolongerexists.
Statement2:TheCommissionwasresponsibleforreviewingprogressin
theimplementationofAgenda21andtheRioDeclarationonEnvironment
andDevelopment;aswellasprovidingpolicyguidancetofollowupthe
JohannesburgPlanofImplementation(JPOI)atthelocal,national,regional
andinternationallevels.
Statement3:TheCSDmetannuallyinNewYork,intwo-yearcycles,
openingitssessionstobroadparticipationfrombothgovernmentaland
non-governmentalactors.
QSource:https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/intergovernmental/csd
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18.
Non-performingAssets(NPAs)areloansmadebyabankor
financecompanyonwhichrepaymentsorinterestpaymentsarenot
beingmadeontime.HowdohighNPAsaffectthecitizens
(customers)inIndia?
1. Theymayleadtoanincreaseinthecostofcapitalforborrowers.
2. Theymayleadtobankdefaultsandthuslowerpeople’s
confidenceinthebankingsystemaffectingtheirsavingsratio.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Itresultsininflatingthecostofcapitalfor
economicactivitiesandbanksmaychargehigherinterestratesonsome
productstocompensateNPAs.
NPAisanyassetofabankwhichisnotproducinganyincome.Itaffectsthe
profitability&liquidityofthebanks.
Statement2:Itadverselyaffectsthevalueofbankintermsofmarket
creditandwidensassetsandliabilitymismatch.Thismayevenleadtobank
defaults.
Itshakesconsumer’sconfidenceinthebankingdeposits,andforcesthem
towithdrawsavingsinbanks,thusloweringthesavingsratio.
Learning:Savingsratioisthetotalamountofaperson’sincomenotspent
onconsumptionandinvestedineitherbankdeposits,bondsorother
marketinstruments.
Inanyeconomy,savingsfinanceinvestments.Highersavingsincrease
liquidityinthemarketandreducethecostofcreditresultinginhigher
economicgrowth.
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So,itisveryimportantthatthebankingsystemofaneconomyisrobust.
QSource:http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/npas-banksalone-are-not-to-blame/article8955877.ece
19.
IfwedidNOTuseanIndianStandardTime,theactualtime
differencebetweenwhichofthefollowingplaceswouldbemorethan
1hour?
a) PatnaandKolkata
b) DwarkaandDibrugarh
c) ChandigarhandRewari
d) SultanpurandKanpur
Solution:b)
Justification:SultanpurandKanpurbothareinUP,Chandigarhand
RewaribothinHaryana;PatnaandKolkatasituatednotfarby.
Thedifferenceintimeiscreatedbylongitudedifferences.Differenceof15
degreescreatesadifferenceof1hour.
BasedonthelongitudesofDwarka(Gujarat)andDibrugarh(Assam),there
willbeadifferenceofabout1hourand45minutesinthelocaltimesof
DwarkaandDibrugarh.
QSource:Page15:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
20.
Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydifferentiatestheeventsof
equinoxwiththatofsolstice?
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1. Inasolsticeonlyaparticulartropicreceivesdirectverticalraysof
theSununlikeinanequinoxtheequatorreceivesdirectvertical
raysofSun.
2. Solsticeiscausedonlyduetorotationoftheearth,whereas
equinoxiscausedonlyduetorevolutionoftheearth.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:Theimagebelowexplainsstatement1.Notice
howonSummerequinox,TropicofCancerreceivesdirectoverheadraysof
theSun,whileinWintersolstice,itistheTropicofCapricorn.
Onanequinox,whendaysandnightsareequalinduration,Sunisdirectly
overheadtheequator,causingequaldaysandnights.
Statement2:Botharecausedduetoaxialtiltoftheearth,itsrevolution
andalsorotation(tocausedayandnight).Thediagramabovemakesit
clear.
QSource:Page19:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
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21.
ConsiderthefollowingaboutthePanchayatSecretary.
1. SheiselectedbytheGramPanchayatfromamongstitsmembers.
2. SheisresponsibleforcallingthemeetingoftheGramSabhaand
GramPanchayatandkeepingarecordoftheproceedings.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1:Sheisnotanelectedpersonbutisappointedby
thegovernment.
Statement2:RoleofPanchayatSecretaryisdefinedbyState
rules/regulationsandlaws.InthestateofAP,someofherrolesare:
• SheshallmaintaintherequiredregistersoftheGramPanchayat.
• SheissubordinatetotheGramPanchayatandshallfunctionunder
thecontroloftheSarpanchoftheGramPanchayat.
• SheshallattendthemeetingoftheGramPanchayatoranycommittee
thereon.
• SheshalltaketheresponsibilityoftheprotectionofPanchayatlands
andproperties.
• Sheshallreportofencroachments,damageormisuseofPanchayat
landsandbuildingsifanytothehigherauthorities.
• SheshallassistGramaSabhaintheidentificationofbeneficiaries,
disbursementofloansandtheirrecoveries.
QSource:Page44:NCERT6th:SocialandEconomicLife–I
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22.
TheArcticOceanislocatedwithintheArcticCircleand
surroundstheNorthPole.ItisconnectedwiththePacificOceanbya
narrowstretchofshallowwaterknownas
a) Berringstrait
b) AlaskaStrait
c) IsthmusofFaribanks
d) NortonSound
Solution:a)
Justification:ItconnectsthePacificandArcticoceans.
TheInternationalDateLinerunsaroundtheBeringstrait.
ThisstraitseparatestheUnitedStatesandRussiabyaround85km,witha
waterdepththatmeasuresonly30–50meters!
Inthelastfewdecadessomefactionshavediscussedtheconstructionofa
bridgeoverthestrait,however,financialandweatherconcernshave
continuallystalledtheproject.
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QSource:Page35:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
23.
Communicablediseasesaccountforalargeburdenofdiseases
inIndia.WhichofthesemayNOThelpcontrollingtheirspread?
a) Improvingsanitationanddrinkingwaterinthelocality
b) Isolatinginfectedpersons
c) Reducingintakeofsaltinfood
d) Usingonlynewsyringesforbloodtransfusionanddisposingoldused
ones
Solution:c)
Learning:Communicablediseasesarecausedbypathogenspassedfrom
onehumantoanother.
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Pathogensareviral,bacterial,parasiticandfungal.Methodsoftransmission
includemucus,blood,breath,salivaandsexualcontact.
Contaminatedsurfaces,suchasdoorknobs,countertopsandplayground
equipment,provideamediumforpassingdiseasefromonehumanto
another.
So,alloptionsotherthanCarecorrect.
OptionCcancontrolcardiovascularnon-communicablediseases.
QSource:Page29:NCERT7th:SocialandEconomicLife–II
24.
Whichofthefollowingfactorscontributetotheevolutionof
landformsonearth?
1. Movementofmagmawithintheearth
2. Growthanddecayofvegetation
3. Erosionanddeposition
4. Frostaction
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and3only
2and4only
1,3and4only
1,2,3and4
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:Itcausesplatemovements(tectonics),resultsin
volcaniceruptionsandisthereforeasignificantfactorintheevolutionof
landformsonearth.
Statement2:IfVegetationcoverishigh,itprotectsthesurfacefromrain
splashasrootmassissufficienttostabilizethematerialsontheslope.
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Evensurfacerunoffbecomelesseffectiveincarvingoutlandformsinareas
wherethereisdensevegetation,sincethereislittlescopeforsoilerosion.
Statement3:Self-explanatory.Fore.g.alltheplainsthatyouaretheresult
ofactiveerosionanddepositionbywater.
Statement4:Whenwaterfreezestoice,itsvolumeincreases.Under
specificcircumstances,thisexpansionisabletodisplaceorfracturerocks
wherewaterexistinitspores.Repeatedfrostactionthusweathers
(breaks)therocks.
• Insomemountains,therearepermanentlyfrozenriversofice.They
arecalledglaciers.Glaciersmoveataveryslowrate.Whentheydo,
theyerodethesoilbeneaththem.
• Also,formationofglaciersandtheirretreataffectsthesoilprofileof
theregionandthusthelandforms.
QSource:Page39-40:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
25.
InIndia,womengotuniversalsuffragerightswiththe
st
a) 61 ConstitutionalAmendment,1989
b) EnactmentofGovernmentofIndiaAct1935
c) CommencementoftheIndianConstitution
d) Actof1858passedbytheBritishParliament
Solution:c)
Justification:OptionA:The61stAmendmentActloweredthevotingage
from21to18yearsthusintroducing“adult”suffrage.But,womenalready
enjoyedtherighttovoteinIndia.
OptionC:Theconstitutionprovidedforuniversalfranchise(21yearsage
orlater)withoutdiscriminationofcaste,creedorgender.
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SomeBritishActsdidincreasethelevelofelectoralparticipationinIndia,
buttheyneverintroduceduniversaladultfranchise.Wewillbecovering
suchActsinthecomingtests.
QSource:Page32:NCERT6th:SocialandEconomicLife–I
26.
“Northernblot”isalaboratorymethodusedto
a) Determinethehereditarylineagesinforensicinvestigation
b) Examinechangesinplantphysiology
c) Copytheinformationfromonestrandofgenometotheother
d) DetectspecificRNAmoleculesamongamixtureofRNA
Solution:d)
Justification:NorthernblottingcanbeusedtoanalyzeasampleofRNA
fromaparticulartissueorcelltypeinordertomeasuretheRNA
expressionofparticulargenes.
Application:Northernblottingallowsonetoobserveaparticulargene's
expressionpatternbetweentissues,organs,developmentalstages,
environmentalstresslevels,pathogeninfection,andoverthecourseof
treatment.
Learning:Someotherrelatedtermsare:
• Amicroarrayisalaboratorytoolusedtodetecttheexpressionof
thousandsofgenesatthesametime.
• Aproteomeisthecompletesetofproteinsexpressedbyanorganism.
QSource:Nature.com+http://www.news-medical.net/lifesciences/Northern-Blot-RNA-Blot.aspx+RelatedtoUPSC2016Prelims
questiononTranscriptome
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/frameworks/addisababaactionagenda
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27.
TheStateofMadhyaPradeshlyinginCentralIndiasharesland
boundarywithwhichofthefollowingstates?
1. Bihar
2. Jharkhand
3. UttarPradesh
4. Telangana
5. Odisha
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1,2and3only
3only
3,4and5only
2and4only
Solution:b)
Justification:BothBiharandJharkhanddon’ttouchMP,asUPland
boundarycomesbeforethat.
ExtentofMaharashtrashouldbenotedcarefully.Manymapbased
questionsusetheextentofMHandUPtoconfuseyouinstatelandborders
andtheirextent.
QSource:Mapbasedquestions:India
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28.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheFinancialAction
TaskForce(FATF),establishedin1989byG-7,isINCORRECT?
a) Itisaninter-governmentalpolicymakingbody.
b) Itsmandatecoverssettinginternationalstandardsforcombating
moneylaunderingandterroristfinancing.
c) Itdoesnotdealwithproliferationofweaponsofmassdestruction
whicharedealtbytheUNSCandmulti-lateralexportcontrolregimes.
d) Itworkstoidentifynational-levelvulnerabilitieswiththeaimof
protectingtheinternationalfinancialsystemfrommisuse.
Solution:c)
Justification:OptionB:TheobjectivesoftheFATFaretosetstandardsand
promoteeffectiveimplementationoflegal,regulatoryandoperational
measuresforcombatingmoneylaundering,terroristfinancingandother
relatedthreatstotheintegrityoftheinternationalfinancialsystem.
• TheFATFisthereforea“policy-makingbody”whichworksto
generatethenecessarypoliticalwilltobringaboutnational
legislativeandregulatoryreformsintheseareas.
OptionC:TheFATFhasdevelopedaseriesofRecommendationsthatare
recognisedastheinternationalstandardforcombatingofmoney
launderingandthefinancingofterrorismandproliferationofweaponsof
massdestruction
OptionD:TheFATFmonitorstheprogressofitsmembersinimplementing
necessarymeasures,reviewsmoneylaunderingandterroristfinancing
techniquesandcounter-measures,andpromotestheadoptionand
implementationofappropriatemeasuresglobally.
• Incollaborationwithotherinternationalstakeholders,theFATF
workstoidentifynational-levelvulnerabilitieswiththeaimof
protectingtheinternationalfinancialsystemfrommisuse.
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• TheFATF'sdecisionmakingbody,theFATFPlenary,meetsthree
timesperyear.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-seeks-us-helpto-crack-pakistan-terror-fund-trail/article8961156.ece
29.
WhichofthefollowingforesttypesiscommontoAndamanand
NicobarIslands,partsofNorth-Easternstatesandanarrowstripof
theWesternslopeoftheWesternGhats?
a) Mangroveforests
b) Temperateforests
c) Tropicalmoistforests
d) Coralforests
Solution:c)
Justification:Option(a):MangrovesarefoundinA&Nislandsandeven
nearthewesterncoastofIndia,butnotinNEstates,orontheWestern
slopeofWesternGhats.
Option(b):Temperateforestsarefoundintemperatelatitudesorathigher
altitudes.A&Nislandsdonothosttemperateforests.
Option(d):CoralsarefoundlargelyinA&N,Lakshadweep,GulfofMannar
(nearTN)andGulfofKutch.
Option(c):Tropicalmoistforestsincludeevergreenforests;TropicalSemiEvergreenForests,TropicalMoistDeciduousForestsandLittoraland
SwampForests.
• TheMiddleAndamansharboursmostlymoistdeciduousforests.
NorthAndamansischaracterisedbythewetevergreentype.
• WesternGhatsandNEstatesharbourbothdeciduousandevergreen
forests.
• Wewillbecoveringmorequestionsspecifictovegetationinvarious
partsofIndiainlatertests.
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QSource:Page58:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
30.
Jupiter,SaturnandUranushaveringsaroundthem.These
ringsconsistof
a) Satellitesoftheseplanetsonly
b) Icydust,largerocksandmoonsoftheplanets
c) Cometsandasteroidsonly
d) Magnetosphericfluxoftheplanet
Solution:b)
Learning:Thecompositionofringparticlesvaries;theymaybesilicateor
icydust.Largerrocksandbouldersmayalsobepresent.Sometimesrings
willhavesmallmoonsthatorbitneartheinnerorouteredgesofringsor
withingapsintherings.\
Fore.g.theringswirlingaroundSaturnconsistsofchunksoficeanddust.
Recentevidencesuggeststhatringsystemsmaybefoundaroundother
typesofastronomicalobjects,includingminorplanets,moons,andbrown
dwarfs.
QSource:Page2(SideBox):NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
31.
Considerthefollowingspeciesandtheregionswheretheyare
foundin.
Species
Region
A.WildAss 1.Assam
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B.WildGoat
C.One-hornedRhinoceros
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2.RunnofKutch
3.Himalayanregion
Thecorrectmatchfortheabovewillbe?
a)
b)
c)
d)
A-1,B-3,C-2
A-2,B-3,C-1
A-3,B-1,C-2
A-2,B-1,C-3
Solution:b)
Justification:Elephantsandone-hornedrhinoceroses(categorized
vulnerableasperIUCN)arefoundintheforestsofAssam,especially
Kaziranganationalpark.
CamelsandwildassesarefoundintheGreatIndiandesertandtheRannof
Kuchchh,whichisalsothelargestwildlifesanctuaryinIndia.Asof2016,
theIndianwildassislistedasNearThreatenedbyIUCN.
Wildgoats,snowleopards,bears,etc.arefoundintheHimalayanregion.
SomeofthesewildgoatsarerearedforthefamousPashminawool.
QSource:Page63:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
32.
“TheFutureWeWant”documentwasaresultofwhichofthe
followingconferences?
a) EarthSummit2012atRio
b) WarsawClimateChangeAgreement
c) SustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs)meetingatUNGeneral
Assembly
d) TheFirstUNconferenceonSustainabledevelopment
Solution:a)
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Learning:Itwasanonbindingdocument,"TheFutureWeWant,"awork
paper.
Init,theheadsofstateofthe192governmentsinattendancerenewed
theirpoliticalcommitmenttosustainabledevelopmentanddeclaredtheir
commitmenttothepromotionofasustainablefuture.
ThedocumentlargelyreaffirmspreviousactionplanslikeAgenda21.
QSource:https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/rio20/futurewewant
33.
Considerthefollowingstatementsaboutthehistorical
inscriptionsinIndia.
1. AlltheedictsofAsokaengravedintheKharoshthiandBrahmi
scriptsareinthePrakritlanguage.
2. WiththeriseoftheGuptas,Prakritbecamethepredominant
languageofIndianepigraphs.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:ThisiswithreferencetoEpigraphicalStudiesin
India-SanskritandDravidian–Languageoftheinscriptions.
• WearequotingverbatimfromASI’swebsite,“Thelanguageofthe
earliestwrittenrecords,viz.,theAsokanedicts,isPrakrit.Besides
Prakrit,AsokanedictsarewritteninGreekandAramaiclanguages
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also.AlltheedictsofAsokaengravedintheKharoshthiandBrahmi
scriptsareinthePrakritlanguage.
• Thus,originallythelanguageemployedintheinscriptionswas
PrakritandSanskritwasadoptedintheinscriptionsonlyatalater
period.”
Statement2:AftertheperiodofAsoka,theuseofthePrakritlanguage
continuedininscriptionsforafewmorecenturies.
• InnorthIndia,PrakritwasreplacedbySanskritabouttheendof3rd
centuryA.D.whilethischangetookplaceaboutacenturylaterin
southIndia.
• Fromthe4thcenturyonwards,withtheriseoftheGuptas,Sanskrit
becamethepredominantlanguageofIndianepigraphs.So,2is
wrong.
• ThisisbecauseGuptasweregreatpatronsofBrahmanismand
Sanskritlanguage.
Learning:ThecontemporaryrulersoftheGuptas,incentralIndiaand
partsoftheDeccan,liketheVakatakas,theKadambasandlaterGangasof
KarnatakaandthePallavasinsouthIndiaalsoemployedSanskritintheir
inscriptions.
Thecopper-platechartersofthePallavas,theCholasandthePandyasare
writteninbothSanskritandTamillanguages.
QSource:Improvisation:Page5:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
34.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheRockSheltersofBhimbetka.
1. BhimbetkaderivesitsnamefromtheAtharvaVeda.
2. MesolithicaswellasMedievalperiodrockpaintingscanbefound
inthecaves.
3. ItisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.
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4. Bhimbetkapaintingsarehighlysecularinnature.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2and4only
1and3only
2and3only
1and4only
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Bhimbetkaowesitsnametothecharactersof
thelongestepicintheworld,theMahabharata.Itisbelievedthatwhenthe
fivebrothers,calledPandavas,werebanishedfromtheirkingdom,they
camehereandstayedinthesecaves,themassiverocksseatingthegigantic
frameofBhima,thesecondPandava.
Statement2:Bhimbetkaisanarchaeologicaltreasure.Therockpaintings
havenumerouslayersbelongingtovariousepochsoftime,rangingfrom
theUpperPalaeolithic,MesolithicAgetotheprotohistoric,earlyhistoric
andmedievalperiods.Themostancientscenesherebelievedtobe
commonlybelongingtotheMesolithicAge.So,2iscorrect.
Statement3:Youcanreadmoreaboutithere
http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_rockart_bhimbetka_detail.asp
Statement4:Animalssuchasbison,tiger,rhinoceros,wildboar,elephants,
monkeys,antelopes,lizards,peacocksetc.havebeenabundantlydepicted
intherockshelters.Popularreligiousandritualsymbolsalsooccur
frequently.So,4isfalse.
QSource:Improvisation:Page14-15:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
35.
Mikirhills,MishmihillsandBarailrangearelocatedin
a) North-easternIndia
b) SouthernIndia
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c) NorthernLadakh
d) WesternAravallis
Solution:a)
Learning:Thesehillsarefamousfortheirtribalinhabitants.Wewillbe
coveringspecifictribesoftheseregionsinlatertests.
Notetheorderofthehillsandthestatetheyarelocatedin.
QSource:Map-basedquestions:India
36.
ConsiderthefollowingstatementsabouttheIndiaNuclear
InsurancePool(INIP).
1. ItwaslaunchedasperthemandatoryprovisionundertheCivil
LiabilityforNuclearDamageAct(CLND),2010.
2. Thepoolprovidescapacityforinsurancecoveragetocitizens
affectedbynuclearhazardsinIndia.
3. Itwillfundfuturedevelopmentofthosenuclearreactorswhich
involveconsiderablerisksduetogeologyorradiation.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a) 1only
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b) 2and3only
c) 1and2only
d) 1,2and3
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:BasedonObama’svisit,aINIPwasnegotiated,
whichthencameintoeffectviatheCLNDAct.
Statement2:Thepoolprovidescapacityforinsurancecoverageto
operatorsandsuppliersforanynuclearliabilitytowardsthirdparty.INIP
alsowillofferpoliciesonthenuclearoperatorsliabilityinsurancepolicy
andanuclearsuppliers’specialcontingency(againstrighttorecourse)
insurancepolicy.
Statement3:Thereisnosuchprovision.Itisaninsurancepoolonly,nota
developmentpool.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/business/nuclear-suppliersinsurance-policy-unveiled/article8981843.ece
37.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheS.A.M.O.A.Pathway.
1. ItisapartoftheParisClimateChangeAgreement2015.
2. Itfocusesonthosecommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthat
derivetheirlivelihoodexclusivelyfromforestryanduseofother
naturalresources.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
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Justification:SAMOAwasanoutcomedocumentoftheThird
InternationalConferenceonSmallIslandDevelopingStates(SIDS),the
'SIDSAcceleratedModalitiesofAction(SAMOA)Pathway.
TheSamoaPathwayrecognizestheadverseimpactsofclimatechangeand
sea-levelriseonSIDSeffortstoachievesustainabledevelopmentaswellas
totheirsurvivalandviability,andaddresseseconomicdevelopment,food
security,disasterriskreduction(DRR)andoceanmanagement,among
otherissues.
Sincetheagreementcameaboutin2014,itcannotbeapartoftheParis
Climateagreement2015.So,1iswrong.
QSource:Last2yearscurrentaffairs:
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sids2014/samoapathway
38.
Considerthefollowing.
Communitiesseeninnews Belongto
1.Tuaregs A.SaharaDesert
2.Sinhalas B.Bhutan
3.Rakhine C.SriLanka
Whichoftheseis/arecorrectlymatched?
a)
b)
c)
d)
2and3
1only
1and3only
1and2only
Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1:Thesearepeoplewithanomadicpastoralist
lifestyle.TheyaretheprincipalinhabitantsofthevastSaharaDesert.
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TheyragedtheTuaregRebellion(2012)whichwasanearlystageofthe
NorthernMaliconflictwagedagainsttheMaliangovernment.Theirgoal
wasattainingindependenceforthenorthernregionofMali,knownas
Azawad.
Statement2:SinhalasarethemajorcommunityofSriLankaoftenin
conflictwiththeTamilsofSL.
Statement3:RakhineisastateinMyanmar,andalsoaprincipalethnic
community.The2012RakhineStateriotswereaseriesofconflicts
primarilybetweenethnicRakhineBuddhistsandRohingyaMuslimsin
northernRakhineState.
QSource:Ofteninnews+Improvisation:Page73:GeographyNCERT7th:
OurEnvironment
39.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheMalwareInfectionIndex2016
(MII2016)forAsia-Pacificregion.
1. ItwasreleasedbyInternetCorporationforAssignedNamesand
Numbers(ICANN).
2. TheIndexpinpointsIndiatobethemostseverelyaffected
countryintheentireregion.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:MicrosoftAsiaannouncedthelaunchofits
MalwareInfectionIndex2016(MII2016),whichidentifiesthekeymalware
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threatsintheregionandranksmarketsinAsiaPacificaccordingtohow
muchtheyareaffected.
Theregionisespeciallyvulnerablewithemergingmarketsmostatriskof
malwarethreats.
Statement2:TheimagebelowclearlyshowsthatcountrieslikePakistan
andsomeASEANnationsaremostaffected.Indiaislessseverelyaffected.
QSource:http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/Pakistantops-the-malware-index-list-India-8thMicrosoft/articleshow/52636322.cms
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40.
a)
b)
c)
d)
“EinsteinRing”canbeobservedwhen
Allplanetsinthesolarsystemfallinacommonline
Apairofdistantgalaxiesfromearthalignsinaspecialposition
withrespecttoearth
Solareclipseisjustabouttoend
VolcaniceruptionsoccuratthecratersoftheJovianplanets
Solution:b)
Learning:EinsteinRingwasdiscoveredrecentlybyanInstituteofChile.
• "EinsteinRing",firstpredictedbyEinstein'stheoryofGeneral
Relativity,isararelyobserved,astronomicalphenomenonthat
occurswhentwodistantgalaxiesareperfectlyaligned,millionsof
lightyearsapart.
• Becausethetwogalaxiesarealignedsoperfectly,lightfromthemost
distant,orsourcegalaxy,isbeingbentbythegravityofthecloser
one.
• Thismakesthelightfromthefurthestgalaxyappearasanalmost
perfectcirclewhenviewedfromEarth.
• AnEinsteinringisadistortedimageofaverydistantgalaxy,whichis
termed'thesource'.
QSource:http://www.space.com/33095-nearly-perfect-einstein-ringdiscovered-image.html
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41.
ThisrulerconvenedaBuddhistCouncilatKashmirwhich
eventuallyledtotherecognitionoftheMahayanasectofBuddhism.
Heis?
a) Ashoka
b) Yavana
c) Kanishka
d) Kumaragupta
Solution:c)
Justification&Learning:TheFourthBuddhistCouncilwasheldat
Kundalvana,Kashmirin72ADunderthepatronageofKushanking
Kanishka.
• ThepresidentofthiscouncilwasVasumitra.
• ThiscouncildistinctlydividedtheBuddhisminto2sectsMahayana
andHinayana.
• AnotherFourthBuddhistCouncilwasheldatTambapanni(onename
ofSriLanka)atAlokaLenaunderthepatronageofVattagamaniAbaya.ThiswasTheravadaBuddhistcouncil.
QSource:Page103:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
42.
Considerthefollowingstatementswithreferencetosomeof
theofficialsintheHistoryofIndia.
1. Nagara-shreshthiwastheChiefCraftsmanoftheroyalcourt.
2. Sarthavahawastheleaderofbondedlabourers.
3. Sandhi-vigrahikawasaministerofwarandpeace.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2and3only
3only
Noneoftheabove
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Solution:c)
Justification&Learning:Kingsadoptedanumberofstepstowinthe
supportofmenwhowerepowerful,eithereconomically,orsocially,or
becauseoftheirpoliticalandmilitarystrength.
Statement1and2:Importantmenprobablyhadasayinlocal
administration.Theseincludedthenagarashreshthiorchiefbankeror
merchantofthecity,thesarthavahaorleaderofthemerchantcaravans,the
prathama-kulikaorthechiefcraftsman,andtheheadofthekayasthasor
scribes.
Statement3:Sometimes,onepersonheldmanyoffices.Forinstance,
besidesbeingamaha-danda-nayaka,Harishenawasakumar-amatya,
meaninganimportantminister,andasandhi-vigrahika,meaningaminister
ofwarandpeace.
QSource:Page116:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
43.
ConsiderthefollowingaboutNationalMineralExploration
Trust(MET).
1. Itgrantsminingleasesformajormineralstoafterobtaining
sanctionfromtheStategovernment.
2. Itcarriesoutdetailedexplorationformineralsusingthefunds
accruedtoit.
3. Itinvestsinbasicinfrastructuraldevelopmentandimplements
welfareschemesinminingaffectedbelts.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
1and3only
1and2only
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Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1:MajormineralsareadministeredbytheCentral
government.Moreover,thisbodydoesn’tgivesanctionforminingleases.
So,1iswrong.
Statement2:TheMinesandMinerals(Development&Regulation)
AmendmentAct,2015,(MMRDA)mandatedthesettingupofMineral
ExplorationTrust.
Itisanon-profitbodybytheCentralGovernmentforthepurposesof
regionalanddetailedexplorationofmineralsusingthefundsaccruedtoit
andinsuchmannerasprescribedbytheCentralGovernment.
Statement3:ItisdonebyDistrictMineralFoundation.So,3iswrong.
QSource:Otherdetailscanbeseenherehttp://www.businessstandard.com/article/pti-stories/govt-notifies-norms-for-nationalmineral-exploration-trust-115082100414_1.html
44.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Atmosphereisheldaroundtheearthdueto
ContinuousmagneticactivityintheEarth’score
CoronadischargefromtheSunthatreachestheearth
consistently
Gravitationalpulloftheearth
Presenceofcloudsinthetroposphereandotherlayersaboveit
Solution:c)
Justification:CelestialbodieslikeMoondon’thaveanatmospherebecause
theirgravityisn’tenoughtoholdtheatmospheretogetherwiththebody.
Sincegravityislow,andgasesarelighter,theyescapefromthecelestial
body.
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Thisisnotthecasewithearth,wheregravitationishighenoughtoholdthe
gasestogether.Escapevelocityofgasesonearthismuchhigherthanthat
onsomeothercelestialbodieslikeMoon.
Learning:Atmospherealsoprotectsusfromtheharmfulraysand
scorchingheatofthesun.Itconsistsofanumberofgases,dustandwater
vapour.
Thechangesintheatmosphereproducechangesintheweatherand
climate.
QSource:Page3:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
45.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ecosystemisformed,mostappropriately,bytheinteractionof
Bothbioticandabioticfactorsoftheenvironment
AllLivingorganismspresentinthesystem
DiverseLandformsfoundwithinalargezone
Communitiesfoundnearedgeofabiome
Solution:a)
Justification:Anecosystemisasystemformedbytheinteractionofall
livingorganisms(biotic)witheachotherandwiththephysicaland
chemicalfactors(abiotic)oftheenvironmentinwhichtheylive,alllinked
bytransferofenergyandmaterial.
Biomeisalargerregionthanecosystem,andcomprisesmanysuch
ecosystems.So,Disincorrect.
Wewillbecoveringmorequestionsonthehierarchiesofecology.
QSource:Page5:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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46.
Considerthefollowingaboutstateadministration.
1. GovernoroftheStateisappointedbytheCentralGovernmentbut
theStateAssemblymaydisapproveherappointmentineffect
repealingit.
2. Governorofthestateappointsthechiefministerandother
ministersonlyafterobtainingtheadviceoftheCentralCouncilof
Ministers.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:GovernorisappointedbythePresident.State
hasnosayineithertheappointmentorremovaloftheGovernor.So,1is
wrong.
Statement2:Governordoesn’tconsulttheUniongovernmentinmaking
stateappointments,eventhoughtheGovernorisanagentoftheCentre.
Sheisboundtochoosetheleaderofthelargestparty/coalitionastheCM
andothersrecommendedbytheCMasministers.
QSource:Improvisation:Page33:NCERT7th:SocialandEconomicLife–II
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47.
HowtheNationalHighwaysGridproposedbytheNHAIwillbe
useful?
1. TheGridwillimproveconnectivitybetweencoastalareasand
statecapitalsthusfacilitatingcargomovement.
2. Itwillhelpthegovernmentre-designatetheNationalHighways
foreasyidentification.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Thegridwillconnect12majorports,26state
capitalsandmorethan45citiesandthushelpinquickevacuationand
transportofcargofromoneendtotheother.
Statement2:InIndiathelackofscientificroadnetworkpatternhas
createdaproblemfordriverswhocan'ttakeastraightroadtoreachfrom
oneplacetotheother.
• NationalHighwayAuthorityofIndiaisproposinga‘National
HighwayGrid’whichwillinclude27horizontalandverticalhighway
corridorsspreadacrossthecountry.
• Thecorridors,spacedatadistanceof250kilometres,willcrisscross
andconnectwitheachother.
• Thepreparationofthegridswillhelpthegovernmentre-designate
theNHsforeasyidentification.Forexample,allevennumberNH
gridscanbeidentifiedforroadsconnectingeasttowestandodd
numberforcorridorsjoiningnorthendtosouth
QSource:
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/gov
ernment-plans-national-highway-grids-for-smooth-travel-27-corridorsidentified/articleshow/52723683.cms
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48.
Greenhousegasesthatarepresentintheatmospheredueto
NATURALactivitiesis/are?
1. Chlorofluorocarbons
2. Methane
3. Nitrousoxide
4. Sulfurhexafluoride
5. Oxygen
6. Watervapour
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2,4and5only
2,3and6only
1,3,4,5and6only
1,2and6only
Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1:CFCisamanmadegas,andsoalloptions
containingCFCwillbewrong.
Statement2:Methaneisemittedbyricefield,animals(digestivetracts),
coalminesetc.
Statement3:Nitrousoxide(N2O)isproducedbyfertilizeruse,animal
wastemanagement,fossilfuelcombustion,industrialactivities,soilsunder
naturalvegetationandtheoceans.So,itisproducedbybothnaturaland
humanactivities.3willstillbecorrect.
Statement4:SF6isaninorganicextremelypotentgreenhousegas,whichis
anexcellentelectricalinsulator.Itisamanmadegas.
Statement5:Oxygen(O2)isnotaGHG,ozone(O3)is.
Statement6:WatervapourisaveryimportantGHG,anditisobviously
natural.
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QSource:Improvisation:Page20:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
49.
Optically-StimulatedLuminescenceisadatingtechniquethatis
usedtofindout
a) Thelasttimequartzorfeldsparsedimentwasexposedtolight
b) Radiationemittedbyantecedentwaterbodies
c) Ageoftreebarksbyexposingthemtoionizingradiation
d) Durationofphotonsincidentonanysurface
Solution:a)
Learning:Indianresearchershaveuseddatingtechniquesonanimal
remainsandpotteryfragmentstoconcludethattheIndusValley
settlementscouldbeolderthanpreviouslybelieved.
TheyalsousedthetechniquecalledOptically-StimulatedLuminescence.
• ItisalateQuaternarydatingtechniqueusedtodatethelasttime
quartzsedimentwasexposedtolight.
• Assedimentistransportedbywind,water,orice,itisexposedto
sunlightandzeroedofanypreviousluminescencesignal.
• Oncethissedimentisdepositedandsubsequentlyburied,itis
removedfromlightandisexposedtolowlevelsofnaturalradiation
inthesurroundingsediment.
• Thetechniquemeasurestheirageusingionizingradiation.
Youcanreadmoreherehttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indusera-8000-years-old-not-5500-ended-because-of-weakermonsoon/articleshow/52485332.cms
QSource:Asgivenabove
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50.
Temperatureincitiesismuchhigherthanthatofvillagesdue
to
1. Lowerforestcoverageincitiesascomparedtovillages
2. Concreteandasphaltstructureincitiescaptureandreleaseheat
3. VehicularemissionsincitiesreleaseGreenhousegasesthattrap
heat
4. Citiesaremoredenselypopulatedascomparedtovillages
5. Thestructureoftheeconomicactivityofcities
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
3,4and5only
1,2and3only
2,4and5only
1,2,3,4and5
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:Forestmoderatetemperature,coolthe
surroundingsbytranspirationandcapturethecarbondioxidethattraps
heat.Deforestationandlowforestcovercontributestourbanheatislands.
Statement2:Theconcreteandmetalsinbuildingsandtheasaphaltof
roadsgetheatedupduringtheday.Thisheatisreleasedduringthenight.
Also,thecrowdedhighrisebuildingsofthecitiestrapthewarmairand
thusraisethetemperatureofthecities.
Statement3:VehicleexhaustemitsCO2,NOXandotherGHGsthatcapture
heat.
Statement4and5:Densityofpopulationandindustrialeconomicactivity
automaticallyincreasetheheatgeneratedperunitarea.
QSource:Improvisation:Page24:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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51.
of
DirectHeatoftheSuncanbefeltimmenselyatLadakhbecause
a)
b)
c)
d)
Highwatervapoursaturationinair
DaytemperaturesareveryhighinLadakh
ThinairatLadakh
Highalbedooficeascomparedtoregionsdownthehill
Solution:c)
Justification:ThealtitudeinLadakhvariesfromabout3000m(inKargil)
tomorethan8,000m(intheKarakoram).
• Duetosuchahighaltitude,theclimateisextremelycoldanddry.So,
optionAandBarewrong.
• OptionDisalsowrongbecausealbedoofIcereflectsthesunlight,
whereasherewearetalkingaboutdirectraysoftheSun.
• Theairatthisaltitudeissothinthattheheatofthesuncanbefelt
intensely.
• Theareaexperiencesfreezingwindsandburninghotsunlight.
• Youwillbesurprisedtoknowthatifyousitinthesunwillyourfeet
intheshade,youmaysufferfrombothsunstrokeandfrostbiteatthe
sametime.
Learning:Thedaytemperaturesinsummerarejustabovezerodegreeand
thenighttemperatureswellbelow30°C.Itisfreezingcoldinthewinters
whenthetemperaturesmayremainbelow40°Cformostofthetime.Asit
liesintherainshadowoftheHimalayas,thereislittlerainfall,aslowas10
cmeveryyear.
QSource:Improvisation:Page74:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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52.
‘KujiMendha’isabreedofsheepfoundonlyincoastalOdisha.
Whyitwasrecentlyconferred‘rareandsingularspecies’tagbythe
Uniongovernment?
a) Itwasdeclared“NearExtinction”intheIUCNRedList.
b) Ithassomeraregenetictraitswhichleadtomultiplebirth
syndromesinit.
c) Itsurvivesintheharshestconditionsknowntothebreedof
thisspeciesandstillhighlyproductiveintermsofwooland
meat.
d) Alloftheabove
Solution:b)
Justification:Scientificstudiesonthisrarebreedfoundthesheeptobe
carryingararegenemutation.
• KujiMendhasheeparefastbreedersgivingmultiplebirth.
• SheepinotherpartsofOdishaarenotknownforgivingmultiple
birth.Thischaracteristicmakesthemdistinctivefromotherspecies.
Learning:Theyarewelladaptedtohighambienttemperature,high
humidityandheavyrains.
• TheyarefoundinJagatsinghpurandKendraparadistrictsofOdisha.·
• TheNationalBureauofAnimalGeneticResources(NBAGR)has
accordedthegeneticrecognition.
• WithNBAGRconferringitgeneticallyrarestatus,conservingthese
domesticatedspecieswouldreceiveaboost.
QSource:http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/florafauna/Kendrapara-sheep-gets-rare-status/articleshow/53140281.cms
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53.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Considerthefollowingsourcesoffreshwateronearth.
Groundwater
Atmosphere
Icecaps
Freshwaterlakes
Rivers
Arrangethefollowinginincreasingorderofavailabilityoffreshwaterfrom
thecodesgivenbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2<1<4<5<3
2<4<1<3<5
1<2<4<5<3
5<2<4<1<3
Solution:d)
Justification:Youshouldfirstapplyeliminationinsuchquestions.Itis
commonknowledgethatice-capsarethelargestsourceoffreshwater,
whicheliminatesB.
Also,sincegroundwaterismoreabundantthanriverwater,iteliminatesC
andA.
TheclearanswerisD.
DistributionofwaterasgiveninNCERT.
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Itcanbeunderstoodbyananalogy.
QSource:Page32:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
54.
TheMinistryofEnvironment,ForestandClimateChange
(MoEFCC)hassuggestedthatitwillproposeforthefundingoffoam
industriestoshifttocyclopentane.Howtheshifttocyclopentanewill
beuseful?
1. Ithaszeroozonedepletionpotentialandlowglobalwarming
potential.
2. Ithasverylowflammabilityandwillhelpavoidfirehazardsin
industries.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:a)
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Justification:Statement1:Theshiftwillbemadefrom
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs)whichareozonedepleting.
• HCFCisacommonlyusedrefrigerantgas.Itisalsousedinfoam
blowingagents,solvents,aerosolsandfireextinguishers.
• IndiaisintheprocessofphasingoutHCFCby2030asperthe
existingagreementsignedbyIndiaintheMontrealprotocol.
• ThetransitionwillbefundedbytheExecutiveCommitteeofthe
MultilateralfundaspertheMontrealProtocolAgreementinthe
secondstageofHCFCphaseout.SMEswillencouragedtoshiftto
cyclopentanes.
Statement2:Cyclopentaneisacheaperalternative(HCFCispatentedand
expensive)withoutanypatentsassociatedwithit.
But,someSMEsalsoexpressedtheirreservationsagainstusing
cyclopentaneduetoitsflammabilityandtheneedforskilledtechniciansto
handleit.
QSource:http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/india-decides-to-put-abreak-on-hfo-in-foam-sector-for-now-55227
55.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheDirectorateofEnforcement.
1. ItishousedundertheMinistryofCorporateAffairs.
2. ItenforcesthePreventionofMoneyLaunderingAct.
3. ItkeepstrackofforeignexchangemovementinandoutofIndia.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2and3only
1only
2only
Solution:b)
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Justification:Statement1:DirectorateofEnforcementisaspecialized
financialinvestigationagencyundertheDepartmentofRevenue,Ministry
ofFinance.So,1iswrong.
Statement2and3:ItenforcestheForeignExchangeManagementAct,1999
(FEMA)andPreventionofMoneyLaunderingAct,2002(PMLA).
TheActandRulesnotifiedthereunderimposeobligationonbanking
companies,financialinstitutionsandintermediariestoverifyidentityof
clients,maintainrecordsandfurnishinformation
YoucanreadmoreaboutthelawshereattheQSource.
QSource:http://www.insightsonindia.com/2016/08/02/insights-dailycurrent-affairs-02-august-2016/
56.
in
Impeyanmonalismostlikelytobefoundinitsnaturalhabitat
a)
b)
c)
d)
AdjoiningoasesofthehotdesertsofRajasthan
SwampforestsofAndaman&NicobarIslands
TemperateforestsintheHimalayanregion
SaltmarshesofGujarat
Solution:c)
Learning:HimalayanmonalisalsoknownastheImpeyanmonalor
pheasantisstatebirdofUttarakhandandnationalbirdofNepal,whereitis
knownasDanphe.ItwasalsothestatebirdofHimachalPradesh,until
2007.
• Thebird'snaturalrangeextendsfromeasternAfghanistanthrough
theHimalayasinPakistan,KashmirregionandtheRepublicofIndia
(statesofHimachalPradesh,Uttarakhand,SikkimandArunachal
Pradesh),Nepal,southernTibet,andBhutan.
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• Itoccupiesuppertemperateoak-coniferforestsinterspersedwith
opengrassyslopes,cliffsandalpinemeadows
• Insomeareas,thespeciesisthreatenedduetopoachingandother
anthropogenicfactors.
QSource:Improvisation:Page42:Fig6.10:GeographyNCERT7th:Our
Environment
57.
Whichofthefollowingdifferentiatescorrectlybetween
TropicalSavannahsandTemperateGrasslands?
a) Temperategrassislongerbutmuchlessnutritiousthanthose
ofTropicalSavannas.
b) Temperategrasslandsaredrierandreceivelesserrainfallthan
savannas.
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c) TemperateGrasslandshavescatteredtrees,unlikeinSavannas
wheretheonlyvegetationisgrassandmosses.
d) Temperategrasslandsarefoundnearthecoastalregions,
whereasTropicalSavannasoccurininteriorareasinNorthern
Hemisphereonly.
Solution:b)
Justification:OptionA:Temperategrasshereisshortandnutritious,not
longerthanSavannah.So,Aiswrong.
OptionB&C:SavannahisGrasslandcharacterizedbyscatteredtreesthat
arenotabletoformacanopy.Asthereisnocanopy,thesurfacegets
sufficientlight,andtheareasupportsgrasses.
Temperategrasslandsarecharacterizedbygrassesofdifferenttypeswith
notreesandonlyafewtypesofshrubs.Thereasonofnotreesliesinthe
factthattemperategrasslandsreceivelesserrainfallandaredrier.So,Cis
wrongandBiscorrect.
OptionD:Thesegrowoneithersideoftheequatorandextendtillthe
tropics.Thisvegetationgrowsintheareasofmoderatetolowamountof
rainfall.
TemperateGrasslandsarefoundinthemid-latitudinalzonesandinthe
interiorpartofthecontinents.So,Diswrong.
QSource:Improvisation:Page43:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
58.
ApartfromWheat,Cropsthatareusuallygrownintheplainsof
Indiaare
1. Maize
2. Sorghum
3. Coffee
4. Millets
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5. Sugarcane
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and5only
1,2,4and5only
2,3and4only
1,2,3,4and5
Solution:b)
Justification:Thesoilcanbefertileinplainareas.Thisisidealforgrowing
cropslikeSugarcane,Jute,sorghum,rice,wheatetc.
Milletscanevengrowinrelativelydrierareaswithlessfertilesoils.
Bananaplantationsareseeninsomeareasoftheplain.
Coffeeandteaaregenerallygrowninhillyareas.So,3iswrong.
QSource:Page60:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
59.
TheBuddhataughtthathumanlifeisfullofsufferingand
unhappiness,whichiscauseddueto
a) Separationofmatterwithsoul
b) LawofKarma
c) Constantcravingsanddesires
d) Followingthemiddlewayineverythingwhichdilutesfocus
andenergy
Solution:c)
Justification:Thesufferingiscausedbecausewehavecravingsanddesires
(whichoftencannotbefulfilled).
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• Sometimes,evenifwegetwhatwewant,wearenotsatisfied,and
wantevenmore(orwantotherthings).TheBuddhadescribedthisas
thirstortanha.
• Hetaughtthatthisconstantcravingcouldberemovedbyfollowing
moderationineverything.So,clearly(d)iswrong.
• Buddhadoesn’tpinpointthelawofkarmatoberesponsibleforour
suffering.Heonlybelievedthattheresultsofouractions(called
karma),whethergoodorbad,affectusbothinthislifeandthenext
(someauthoritiesdenythisaspectofBuddhism).So,(b)can’tbe
correct,ifoption(c)isalreadymentionedaslaterismore
appropriate.
Learning:Healsotaughtpeopletobekind,andtorespectthelivesof
others,includinganimals.
TheBuddhataughtinthelanguageoftheordinarypeople,Prakrit,sothat
everybodycouldunderstandhismessage.
QSource:Improvisation:Page66:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
60.
1.
2.
3.
4.
ConsiderthefollowinglocationsinNorthernIndia.
DehraGompas
SiachenGlacier
Rohtangpass
Zojilapass
ThecorrectorderoftheseregionsfromNorthtoSouthis?
a)
b)
c)
d)
2143
2314
1342
3241
Solution:a)
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Justification:Youshoulduseelimination.
YoumusthaveheardoftheManalitoRohtangpassway.Ontheotherhand,
SiachenGlacierisknownbelocatedinNorthernJ&K.Thisimpliesthat
Rohtangpass(statement3)mustlietotheSouthofSiachenGlacier
(statement2).
So,CandDcanbeeasilyeliminated.
IfyouknowthatZojilapassliesbetweenLehandSrinagar,itimpliesthat
ZojilamustlietotheNorthofRohtangpass.So,theonlyanswerpossibleis
optionA.
Learning:Manali-Lehhighwaycrossesfourpasses,Rohtangla,Baralacha
laLungalachalaandTanglangla.
QSource:Fig10.4:Page74:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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61.
Considerthefollowingstatements.
1. Theairpressureishighestatsealevelanddecreaseswithheight.
2. Lowairpressureisgenerallyassociatedwithcloudyskiesandwet
weather.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Airpressureisdefinedasthepressureexerted
bytheweightofairontheearth’ssurface.Aswegoupthelayersof
atmosphere,thepressurefallsrapidly.
Statement2:Inareaswheretemperatureishightheairgetsheatedand
rises.Thiscreatesalow-pressurearea.Lowpressureisassociatedwith
cloudyskiesandwetweather.
• Inareashavinglowertemperature,theairiscold.Itistherefore
heavy.
• Heavyairsinksandcreatesahighpressurearea.Highpressureis
associatedwithclearandsunnyskies.
• Theairalwaysmovesfromhighpressureareastolowpressure
areas.
QSource:Page24:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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62.
1.
2.
3.
4.
FactorsthataffecttheformationoftidesintheOceanare
AlignmentofEarth,SunandMoon
RelativedistancebetweentheMoon,EarthandSun
Shapeofbaysandestuarieswheretidesareformed
LocalwindandweatherpatternsinOcean
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2and3only
1and4only
1,2,3and4
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1and2:Thestronggravitationalpullexertedby
thesunandthemoonontheearth’ssurfacecausesthetides.
Thewateroftheearthclosertothemoongetspulledundertheinfluenceof
themoon’sgravitationalforceandcauseshightide.
• Duringthefullmoonandnewmoondays,thesun,themoonandthe
earthareinthesamelineandthetidesarehighest.Thesetidesare
calledspringtides.
• Butwhenthemoonisinitsfirstandlastquarter,theoceanwaters
getdrawnindiagonallyoppositedirectionsbythegravitationalpull
ofsunandearthresultinginlowtides.Thesetidesarecalledneap
tides.
Statement3:Theshapeofbaysandestuariesalsocanmagnifythe
intensityoftides.Funnel-shapedbaysinparticularcandramaticallyalter
tidalmagnitude.
• TheBayofFundyinNovaScotiaistheclassicexampleofthiseffect,
andhasthehighesttidesintheworld-over15meters.
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• Narrowinletsandshallowwateralsotendtodissipateincoming
tides.
• Inestuarieswithstrongtidalrivers,suchastheDelawareRiverand
ColumbiaRiver,powerfulseasonalriverflowsinthespringcan
severelyalterormasktheincomingtide.
Statement4:Strongoffshorewindscanmovewaterawayfromcoastlines,
exaggeratinglowtideexposures.
• Onshorewindsmayacttopileupwaterontotheshoreline,virtually
eliminatinglowtideexposures.
• High-pressuresystemscandepresssealevels,leadingtoclearsunny
dayswithexceptionallylowtides.
• Conversely,low-pressuresystemsthatcontributetocloudy,rainy
conditionstypicallyareassociatedwithtidesthanaremuchhigher
thanpredicted.
QSource:Improvisation:Page36:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
63.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Anantnag,Baramula,andPahalgamarewellknownfor
ProductionofKashmiriwillowCricketBats
CavepaintingsofSonbhadraandChitrakoot
Fabricslikechiffon,muslinandorganza
MetalworkofBadohianddecoratedterracottahorse
Solution:a)
Justification:OptionA:ThesearesomeofthedistrictswhereKasmir
willowbatsaremade.Thewillowusedinmakingthesebatswasbroughtin
bytheBritish.Thesewillowsarelighterandmorepowerfulthanordinary
wood,makingthemmoreeffectiveasahittingbat.
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OptionB:ThecavepaintingsofSonbhadraandChitrakootdepictscenesof
hunting,war,festivals,dances,romanticlifeandanimalsandbelongtoUP.
OptionC:OneoftheimportantcraftsofUttarPradeshisChikankari,which
entailsdelicateandtraditionalhandembroidery.Thisformofhandicrafts
ismainlypracticedinLucknow.Itisdoneonfabricslikechiffon,muslin,
organza,organdieandsilk.
OptionD:Gorakhpurhasvillageswhereclayfiguresofanimalsaredone
andItisfamousforitsornatelydecoratedterracottahorse.Thepotter
createsthebasicformbythrowingseparatepiecesonthewheelandthen
joiningthem.
MoradabadinUPisfamousforartmetalworkandknownforitscoloured
enamellingandintricateengravings.
QSource:Improvisation:Page75:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
64.
Recently,IndiareceivedtheofficialcitationfromWHOand
UNICEFforbeingYAWS-free.Considerthefollowingwithreference
tothis.
1. TheDiseaseaffectsmainlytheoldagepeopleduetolackofproper
immuneresponsefromthebody.
2. Indiaisthefirstcountrytobeofficiallyacknowledgedasbeing
Yaws-free.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:b)
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Justification:Statement1:Itaffectsmainlychildrenbeforetheageof15
years.75-80%casesarerelatedtochildren.
Thediseaseoccursmainlyinpoorcommunitiesinwarm,humid,tropical
areaswherelackofproperwaterandsanitationfacilitiesfurtherhelpthe
diseasespread.
Statement2:IndiahasachievedthisimportantmilestoneofbeingYawsfreemuchbeforetheWHOglobaltargetyearof2020.
Learning:Yawsisachronicinfectionthataffectsmainlytheskin,boneand
cartilage.
Itiscausedbythebacterium-Treponemapallidummandtransmittedby
skincontact.
EradicationofYawsinIndiahasbeenpossiblebecauseofeducationand
earlytreatmentofvulnerablepopulation.
Youcanreadmoreaboutithere
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs316/en/
QSource:CurrentAffairs:WHOWebsite:
http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/news/India_global_eradication_y
aws_celebration/en/
65.
Whatisthe“Greencorridorproject”thatisrecentlybeing
pushedbystategovernments?
a) Aprojectforrespondingtoclimatechangebyacombinationof
adaptationandmitigationmeasuresincludingcarbon
sequestration.
b) AdedicatedStateInvestmentandManufacturingZone(SIMZ)
forestablishmentof“GreenEnergy”companiesandservices
c) Aprojectforevacuationofrenewableenergyfromgeneration
pointstotheloadcentresbycreatingintrastateandinter-state
transmissioninfrastructure.
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d) Aprojectforprotecting,restoringandenhancingIndia’s
diminishingforestcoverbyestablishinginter-statebuffer
protectedareas
Solution:c)
Justification:GreenEnergyCorridorProjectaimsatsynchronising
electricityproducedfromrenewablesources,suchassolarandwind,with
conventionalpowerstationsinthegrid.
• Thegovernmenthastakenlessonsfromthemassivepowergrid
failurethathittheNorth,EastandNorth-Eastregionsofthecountry
in2012.
• Germany,whohasexpertiseinmakingsmartgridsthatintegrate
renewableenergyintonationalgridwillbeassistingIndiainthis
project.
• Theintra-statetransmissioncomponentoftheprojectisbeing
implementedbytherespectivestatesandthePowerGrid
CorporationofIndia(PGCIL)isimplementinginter-statecomponent.
Learning:PGCILissettingupthefirstcorridorconnectingstatesrichin
renewableenergy.
• AsecondcorridorwouldconnectthesolarparksinAndhraPradesh,
MadhyaPradesh,Karnataka,RajasthanandGujarat.
• Theproblemofvoltagefluctuationinintegratingconventionalgrids
withrenewableenergygridswouldbetakencareofbytheGerman
technologyandsupport.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/indiasfirst-green-corridor-inaugurated/article8895647.ece
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66.
WhichofthefollowingarePermanentwindsontheplanet
earth?
a) EasterliesadWesterlies
b) Monsoonwinds
c) Continentalwinds
d) Orographicwinds
Solution:a)
Learning:Windscanbebroadlydividedintothreetypes.
• Permanentwinds–Thetradewinds,westerliesandeasterliesarethe
permanentwinds.
• Theseblowconstantlythroughouttheyearinaparticulardirection.
• Seasonalwinds–Thesewindschangetheirdirectionindifferent
seasons.ForexamplemonsoonsinIndia.
• Localwinds–Theseblowonlyduringaparticularperiodoftheday
oryearinasmallarea.Forexample,landandseabreeze,andloo.
QSource:Page25:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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67.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheTroposphere
is/areNOTcorrect?
a) Almostalltheweatherphenomenalikerainfallandhailstorm
occurinthislayer.
b) Itisthemostidealatmosphericlayerforflyingaeroplanes.
c) Ithelpsinradiotransmissionasradiowavestransmittedfrom
theeartharereflectedbacktotheearthbythislayer.
d) Both(b)and(c)
Solution:d)
Justification:OptionA:Cloudsandmostothergasesoccurinthislayer.
Movementofairmass(convectioncurrents)withinthelayergivesriseto
weatherphenomena.
OptionB:Itisstratosphereasthislayerisalmostfreefromcloudsand
associatedweatherphenomenon,makingconditionsmostidealforflying
aeroplanes.
OptionC:Itisionospherewhichextendsfrom80-400Kminheight.
Learning:Exosphere:Theuppermostlayeroftheatmosphereisknownas
exosphere.Thislayerhasverythinair.Lightgaseslikeheliumand
hydrogenfloatintothespacefromhere.
QSource:Page23:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
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68.
ManystatesintheIndianUnionhaveinstitutedthepostof
ParliamentarySecretary.AParliamentSecretaryis
1. GenerallyaCivilServant/bureaucratholdingan“OfficeofProfit”
2. Assignedchargeofanentiregovernmentdepartmentonlyinthe
absenceofCabinetMinisters
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
Justification&Learning:AParliamentarySecretaryoftenholdstherank
ofMinisterofStateandhasthesameentitlementsandisassignedtoa
governmentdepartment.
• Manipur,HP,Mizoram,Assam,Rajasthan,Punjab,Goaaresomeof
thestateswhereMLAshavebeenappointedParliamentSecretaries
bytheGovernment.
• VariouspetitionsintheHighCourthavechallengedtheappointment
ofParliamentSecretary,includinginDelhimostrecently.
• InJune2015,CalcuttaHCquashedappointmentof24Parliamentary
SecretariesinWestBengaldubbingitunconstitutional.
DelhiHighCourtin2016quashedtheappointmentofParliamentary
secretariesastheyaredeemedtobeMinisters,andthereiscaponthe
numberofministersinthegovernmentaspertheConstitution(Thelimitis
10%forDelhi,owingtoitsspecialstatus)
QSource:http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Parliamentarysecretaries-de-facto-ministers-Law-ministry/articleshow/52755852.cms
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69.
at
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Thecampaign'SwachhYug'launchedbythegovernmentaims
a) MakingGramPanchayatslocatedalongGangaopendefecationfree
b) Rehabilitatingmanualscavengersinruralareas
c) Upliftingthemoralstandardsinschoolandcollegeeducation
d) IncreasingtheparticipationofyouthandchildreninSwacch
BharatMissionalloverIndia
Solution:a)
Learning:ItisacollaborativeeffortofthreeUnionMinistries,tobring
aboutbehaviouralchangeamongpeoplestayinginvillagesalongtheriver
Ganga.
• Itcoversfivestates-UP,Uttarakhand,Bihar,JharkhandandWest
Bengalfromwheretheriverflows.
• Anodalofficerhasbeenidentifiedforeachdistricttoworkon
makingareaundertheirjurisdictionopendefecationfree(ODF)ina
"missionmode"andcleanthroughpropersolidandliquidwaste
management.
• InadditiontomonetaryincentiveofferedunderSwachhBharat
Mission,extensiveinterpersonalbehaviourchangecommunication
trainingwillbegiventolocaltrainersthroughnetworkofvirtual
classrooms.
Ministriesinvolvedincampaign
• MinistryofDrinkingWaterandSanitation–missionmodestrategyto
focusoncleanlinessofvillagethroughpropersolidandliquidwaste
management.
• MinistryofYouthAffairsandSportswillenlistsupportofyouth
agencieslikeBharatScoutsandGuides,NehruYuvaKendrasand
NationalServiceScheme.
• MinistryofWaterResources,RiverDevelopmentandGanga
Rejuvenation
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QSource:http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=145999
70.
TheJatakasoftenshownontherailingsofstupasandin
paintingsinplacessuchasAjantaareactually?
a) StoriesthattellaboutthepreviouslivesoftheBuddha
b) EssentialteachingsoftheBuddhaandhisdisciples
c) Cyclesofbirthanddeathasdecipheredbythemonks
d) Sangharulesthathelpedthemtravelandlivetogetherto
propagatedhamma
Solution:a)
Justification:SangharulesareactuallywritteninVinayapitaka,soDis
incorrect.
• Buddha’steachingsaregiveninSuttaPitaka.So,Bisincorrect.
• Abhidhammapitakadealswiththephilosophyanddoctrineof
Buddhismappearinginthesuttas.
Learning:JatakastoriesarepreservedinallbranchesofBuddhism.Some
JatakatalesarescatteredinvarioussectionsofthePalicanonofBuddhist
writings,
• ThefutureBuddhamayappearinthemasaking,anoutcast,agod,
anelephant-but,inwhateverform,heexhibitssomevirtuethatthe
taletherebyinculcates.
• ManyJatakashaveparallelsintheMahabharata,thePanchatantra
(animalfables),thePuranas,andelsewhereinnon-BuddhistIndian
literature.
QSource:Page129:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
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71.
ConsiderthefollowingaboutGlaciers.
1. Glacialretreatcanresultinvarietyoflandformslikelakes.
2. Materialsdepositedbyaglacierasitretreatsresultsinglacial
moraines.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Thematerialcarriedbytheglaciersuchas
rocksbigandsmall,sandandsiltgetsdeposited.Thesedepositsform
glacialmoraines.
Statement2:Glaciersmovementscarveoutdeephollows.Whenthey
retreatandastheicemeltsthesehollowsgetfilledupwithwaterand
becomebeautifullakesinthemountains.
YoucanreadallaboutGlaciersandtheirfeatureshere
http://nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/glacier/
QSource:Improvisation:Page16:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
72.
“KrishiKalyanCess”,tofinanceimprovementofagriculture
andfarmer’swelfare,isleviedinIndiaon
a) Servicessector
b) ManufacturingSector
c) Fertilizersandnaturalgassector
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d) Groundwaterirrigationequipments
Solution:a)
Learning:ImpositionofKrishiKalyanCessof0.5%wasannouncedinthe
Budget2016-17tocometoforceon1stJune2016.
• KKCisacess,applicableonallservices.Itistobesolelyusedtowards
financingactivitiesfortheimprovementofagricultureandfarmer
welfare.
• HenceneweffectiveServiceTaxhenceincreasedto15%from14.5%.
• BudgettargetforKrishiKalyanCessisRs.5000crore.
• TheKKCisbasedontheideathatlevyingacessonathrivingsector
servicesector(58%ofGDP)oftheeconomycanhelpfundalifeline
toasectorthatisindistress(Agriculture).
QSource:http://indianexpress.com/article/business/budget/budget2016-govt-announces-0-5-pc-krishi-kalyan-cess-to-fund-farmprogrammes/
73.
Aloanhasbeenapprovedbyaninternationalagencyfor
constructingabridgeacrossGangainBihar.HowwilltheGanga
Bridgebehelpful?
1. ItwillprovidevitaltransportlinkbetweenSouthernUttar
PradeshandOdisha.
2. ItwillimproveBihar’sconnectivitywithNepal.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
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Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1and2:Thebridgewouldprovidevitaltransport
linksbetweenthenorthernandsouthernpartsofthestateandwith
neighbouringcountryNepal.
• TheGangarail–roadbridgeconnectsDighaGhatinPatnaandPahleja
GhatinSonpur,SarandistrictinBihar.
• Regularscheduledpassengerrailservicewasinauguratedonthis
routeon3February2016.
• ThisissecondrailwaybridgeinBiharafterRajendraSetuthat
connectsNorthBihartoSouthBihar
Learning:AsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)hasrecentlyapproved$500
million(approximatelyRs3350crore)loanforthebridge.
Oncebuilt,the9.8kmroadbridgeinBiharwillbecountry’slongestriver
bridge.
·Theprojectwillrunforabout4yearsandisexpectedtocompletebythe
endofDecember2020.
QSource:http://www.hindustantimes.com/patna/foundation-stone-forbihar-bridge-laid-again-for-lalu-s-sake/storynEVZIGu0LWETQjQo20yaBP.html
74.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheAsianDevelopmentBank
(ADB).
1. ItwasfoundedbeforeWorldBank(WB).
2. ADBassistsitsmembersbyprovidingloansandtechnical
assistancetopromotesocio-economicdevelopment.
3. AllitsmembersarefromtheAsia-Pacificregion.
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·Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2and3only
2only
1and3only
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:TheAsianDevelopmentBankwasconceivedin
theearly1960sasafinancialinstitutionthatwouldbeAsianincharacter
andfostereconomicgrowthandcooperationinoneofthepoorestregions
intheworld.
Statement2:ADBassistsitsmembers(fore.g.Indiaininfrastructure
projects),andpartners,byprovidingloans,technicalassistance,grants,and
equityinvestmentstopromotesocialandeconomicdevelopment.
Statement3:ADBiscomposedof67members,48ofwhicharefromthe
AsiaandPacificregion.So,3iswrong.
IndiabecameamemberoftheAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)asa
foundingmemberin1966.
JapanandtheUSrepresentthelargestshareholders.
QSource:GangabridgeloanbyADB
75.
ConsiderthefollowingabouttheNanoMissionofthe
GovernmentofIndia.
1. TheDepartmentofScienceandTechnologyisthenodalagencyfor
implementingtheNanoMission.
2. ItcanpublishguidelinesonSafeHandlingofNano-materials.
3. Itfundsalltheprivateresearchagenciesondevelopmentofnanomaterials.
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Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2and3only
3only
1and3only
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:Therightanswercanbereachedbyelimination
easily.
TheGovernmentofIndia,in2007,hadapprovedthelaunchofaMissionon
NanoScienceandTechnology(NanoMission)withDSTasthenodalbody.
Statement2:TheNanoMissionhasrecentlycomeoutwiththedraft
“GuidelinesandBestPracticesforSafeHandlingofNanomaterialsin
ResearchLaboratoriesandIndustries”.
Statement3:TheNanoMissionwillstrivefordevelopmentofproductsand
processesfornationaldevelopment,especiallyinareasofnational
relevancelikesafedrinkingwater,materialsdevelopment,sensors
development,drugdelivery,etc.
Itdoesn’tfundallprivateresearchinIndia.So,3iswrong.
Wewillbecoveringquestionsontheapplicationsofnanotechnologyinthe
comingtests.
QSource:http://dst.gov.in/scientific-programmes/mission-nano-scienceand-technology-nano-mission
76.
ConsiderthefollowingstatementsabouttheGeographyof
continents.
1. AsiaisseparatedfromEuropebytheAlpsMountainsonthewest.
2. TheArcticCirclepassesthroughEurope.
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3. NorthAmericaislinkedtoSouthAmericabyanarrowstraitof
land.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2and3only
1and3only
1,2and3
Solution:b)
Justification:Statement1:Thediagrambelowshowsit.ItisUral
mountains.
Statement2:
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Statement3:ItistheIsthmusofPanamathatconnectsNorthwithSouth
America.
QSource:Page32-33:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
77.
a)
b)
c)
d)
DhammaMahamattaswereappointedbyAshokato
Designanewreligiouscodeforthepublic
Administeralldonationstoreligiousorganizationsandtrusts
intheempire
TeachpeopleaboutAshoka’sDhamma
Representtheempireinreligiousdebateswithotherempires
andeminentscholars
Solution:c)
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Justification:Ashokainstitutedabodyofofficialsknownasthedhammamahamattas,whoservedthedualfunctionofpropagatingthedhammaand
keepingtheemperorintouchwithpublicopinion
• TheyweredirectlyresponsibleforthepracticalworkingofDhamma.
Theseofficersdirectlyreportedtothekingandtheycouldhavebeen
a'privilegedgroup'.
• Itmaybeassumedthatgraduallytheirpowertointerfereinthelives
ofthepeopleincreased.
• Theseofficerswerebusyamongmembersofvarioussects(edicts
mentionthattheyworkedamongservantsandnobles,Brahmansand
wealthyhousehold-ers,thepoorandtheagedandothers).
Learning:Ashoka’sdhammadidnotinvolveworshipofagod,or
performanceofasacrifice.
• Hefeltthatjustasafathertriestoteachhischildren,hehadadutyto
instructhissubjects.Hewasalsoinspiredbytheteachingsofthe
Buddha.
• Ashokaalsosentmessengerstospreadideasaboutdhammatoother
lands,suchasSyria,Egypt,GreeceandSriLanka
QSource:Improvisation:Page80:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
78.
a)
b)
c)
d)
“Carbfixproject”isconcernedwith
UnearthinggashydratestrappedattheOceanfloor
LockingawayatmosphericCO2byreactingitwithbasaltic
rocks
Reducingthemethaneemissionsofricefieldsandwetlands
Usinggeo-engineeringtoreducethealbedoofPolarIce
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Solution:b)
Justification:ItisaprojectinIcelandthataimstolockawayCO2by
reactingitwithbasalticrocks.
CarbonatedwaterisinjectedintotherockssothatitreactswithCalcium,
MagnesiumorSilicatematerialpresentinBasalticrocks.Thisiscalled
enhancedweathering.
Thus,theCO2iscapturedpermanentlywithoutreleasinganyharmfulbyproducts.
Learning:Recentreportsshowthattheprojectwasabletosolidify95%of
theinjected250tonnesofCO2intocalcitein2years,using25tonnesof
waterpertonneofCO2.
• Thisisasignificantachievementandoffershopeforfuture.
• Costoftheprocessisveryhigh.·Also,sincethereactionsare
exothermic;itisreversibleiftherocksareheated.
• Further,thepumpingactivitygeneratesseismicactivity.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/scientists-turnco2-into-rock-to-combat-climate-change/article8715026.ece
79.
InthecontextofAncienthistoryofIndia,Gramabhojakasand
Grihapattisrespectivelywere
a) LargestlandlordsandHeadJudgeofthevillage
b) Slavesandbondedlabourers
c) CensusofficialandPolicemanofthevillage
d) Villageheadmanandindependentfarmers
Solution:d)
Justification&Learning:Inthenorthernpartofthecountry,thevillage
headmanwasknownasthegramabhojaka.
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• Usually,menfromthesamefamilyheldthepositionforgenerations
(postwashereditary).
• Thegramabhojakawasoftenthelargestlandowner.Generally,he
hadslavesandhiredworkerstocultivatetheland.
• Besides,ashewaspowerful,thekingoftenusedhimtocollecttaxes
fromthevillage.Healsofunctionedasajudge,andsometimesasa
policeman.
• Apartfromthegramabhojaka,therewereotherindependent
farmers,knownasgrihapatis,mostofwhomweresmaller
landowners.
• Andthenthereweremenandwomensuchasthedasakarmakara,
whodidnotownland,andhadtoearnalivingworkingonthefields
ownedbyothers.
QSource:Page89:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
80.
a)
b)
c)
d)
TheHubblesequenceis
TheorderofevolutionoflifeonearthaftertheBigBang
Asystemusedforclassifyinggalaxies
AcodeusedbytheInternationalSpaceStationtocommunicate
backtoearth
MadeofallstarswithintheGoldilockszone
Solution:b)
Learning:Hubble’sschemedividesregulargalaxiesinto3broadclasses–
ellipticals,lenticularsandspirals–basedontheirvisualappearance.
Althoughthisscheme,alsoknownastheHubbletuningforkdiagram,is
nowconsideredsomewhattoosimple,thebasicideasstillhold.
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ForatimetheHubbletuningforkwasthoughttobeanevolutionary
sequence-thatgalaxiesmightevolvefromonetypetoanotherprogressing
fromlefttorightacrossthetuning-forkdiagram.
QSource:CurrentAffairs:NASAWebsite:https://www.nasa.gov/imagefeature/goddard/2016/nasas-hubble-spots-a-lopsided-lynx
81.
Considerthefollowingstatements.
1. Warmoceancurrentsgenerallyoriginatenearsub-tropical
regionsandmovetowardsequator.
2. Thecoldcurrentscarrywaterfrompolarorhigherlatitudesto
lowerlatitudes.
3. Theareaswherethewarmandcoldcurrentsmeetaredevoidof
nutrientcyclingandthusgenerallypoorinfisheries.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1and2only
2only
1and3only
1,2and3
Solution:b)
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Justification:Statement1and2:Generally,thewarmoceancurrents
originateneartheequatorandmovetowardsthepoles.So,1iswrong.
• Thecoldcurrentscarrywaterfrompolarorhigherlatitudesto
tropicalorlowerlatitudes.So,2iscorrect.
• TheLabradorOceancurrentiscoldcurrentwhiletheGulfStreamisa
warmcurrent.
• Theoceancurrentinfluencethetemperatureconditionsofthearea.
Warmcurrentsbringaboutwarmtemperatureoverlandsurface,and
theoppositeisalsotrue.
Statement3:Theyarethebestfishinggroundsduetorecyclingof
nutrients.SeasaroundJapanandtheeasterncoastofNorthAmericaare
suchexamples.Theareaswhereawarmandcoldcurrentmeetalso
experiencefoggyweathermakingitdifficultfornavigation.
QSource:Page36-37:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
82.
TheSDRisaninternationalreserveasset,createdbytheIMFin
1969tosupplementitsmembercountries’officialreserves.Consider
thefollowingaboutSpecialDrawingRights(SDR).
1. SDRscannotbeexchangedforfreelyusablecurrencies.
2. ValueofaSDRisfixedonanannualbasisandrevisedonthe
discretionofIMF.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
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Justification:Statement1:Itwascreatedasasupplementaryinternational
reserveasset.
SDRscanbeexchangedforfreelyusablecurrencies.So,1iswrong.
ThevalueoftheSDRiscurrentlybasedonabasketoffourmajor
currencies:theU.S.dollar,euro,theJapaneseyen,andpoundsterling.The
basketwillbeexpandedtoincludetheChineserenminbi(RMB)asthefifth
currency,effectiveOctober1,2016.
Statement2:Itsvalueisdetermineddailybasedonthecurrencyvaluesof
itsconstituentcurrencies.
TheSDRisneitheracurrency,noraclaimontheIMF.Rather,itisa
potentialclaimonthefreelyusablecurrenciesofIMFmembers.
QSource:OfteninnewsasitnewSDRwillbeeffectivefromOctober2016
83.
a)
b)
c)
d)
ThePaintedGreyWareculture(PGW)isan
Pre-Vedicageculture
IronAgeculture
StoneAgeculture
Soanianculture
Solution:b)
Learning:ItisanIronAgecultureoftheGangeticplainandtheGhaggarHakravalley,lastingfromroughly1200BCEto600BCE.
• PGWareextremelyfinetotouch,withanice,smoothsurface.
Perhapsthesewereusedonspecialoccasions,forimportantpeople,
andtoservespecialfood.
• Itiscontemporaryto,andasuccessoroftheBlackandredware
culture.
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• ItissucceededbyNorthernBlackPolishedWarefromc.700-500
BCE,associatedwiththeriseofthegreatmahajanapadastatesandof
theMagadhaEmpire.
QSource:Page56:NCERT6thHistory:OurPasts-I
84.
TheFinancialStabilityBoard(FSB)isaninternationalbody
thatmonitorsandmakesrecommendationsabouttheglobalfinancial
system.Considerthefollowingaboutit.
1. ItwasestablishedbyG-20asthesuccessortotheFinancial
StabilityForum(FSF).
2. IthasbeenmadeamemberorganoftheInternationalMonetary
andFinancialCommittee(IMFC).
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Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:Tostrengthenthesurveillanceoffinancial
markets,theG20leadersdecidedinApril2009toexpandthemembership
oftheformerFinancialStabilityForum(FSF)andrenamedittheFinancial
StabilityBoard(FSB).ThenewmembershipincludesallG20countries,
HongKongSAR,Singapore,Spain,andtheEuropeanCommission.
Statement2:FSBwillreportanypossiblethreatstothestabilityofthe
globalfinancialsystemtotheG20financeministers,theIMFandcentral
bankgovernors.
TheFSFwasmadeanobserveroftheIMFCin1999.FSBisnotamember
organoftheIMFC.
Youcanreadmoreaboutitherehttp://www.fsb.org/about/
QSource:Ofteninnews:
http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/groups.htm#IC
85.
Southwestmonsoonseasonismarkedbytheonsetand
advanceofmonsoon.InthisseasontheMonsoonwindsblowfrom
a) ArabianSeaandBayofBengaltowardstheland
b) OnlyfromCentralPacifictowardsBayofBengal
c) LandtotheBayofBengalandSouthernIndia
d) OnlyfromArabianSeatowardstheland
Solution:a)
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Justification:TheseMonsoonwindsliftmoisturefromboththeseoceans
andcarrymoisturewiththem.
Whenthesewindsstrikethemountainbarriers(sayinHimalayasorNortheasternMountains),rainfalloccurs.
Wewillbecoveringotherpatternsofwindandoceancurrentcirculation
likeEl-Nino(thataffectMonsoon)inlatertests.
QSource:Page57:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
86.
Iftheearthstartsrotatingeasttowest,whichofthefollowing
shallbecorrect?
1. PlacesWestofGreenwichwillbebehindtheGreenwichTime.
2. Placeslocatedonthesamelongitudenorthwardswillbeaheadin
timethanthoselocatedsouthwards.
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:d)
Justification:Statement1:Itisthecasepresentlywhenearthrotatesfrom
westtoeast.Iftheoppositehappens,placeswestofGreenwichwillbe
aheadintimeandplaceseastwilllagbehindintime.
Statement2:Timevariesacrossalongitude,notlatitude.
Fore.g.whenthePrimeMeridianofGreenwichhasthesunatthehighest
pointinthesky,alltheplacesalongthismeridianwillhavemid-dayor
noon,whethertheplaceissouthwardsornorthwards.
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Thisisindependentofthedirectionofrotationoftheearth.So,2is
incorrect.
QSource:Page15:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
87.
TheIndianRailwaysplanstointroduceMaglevtrainsthatcan
runatatopspeedof500kmanhour,inabidtolurepassengersfrom
airlines.“Maglev”technologyharnessesthepowerof
a) Magneticfieldstopropeltrainathighspeed
b) Earth’sgravitationalforce
c) Windinasmalltunneltotransfermomentumtothetrain
d) SolarPVtechnologytoincreasetheburnrateoffuelinthetrain
engine
Solution:a)
Learning:Maglev(derivedfrommagneticlevitation)isatransportmethod
thatusesmagneticlevitationtomovevehicleswithouttouchingthe
ground.
Withmaglev,avehicletravelsalongaguidewayusingmagnetstocreate
bothliftandpropulsion,therebyreducingfrictionbyagreatextentand
allowingveryhighspeeds.
MaglevtrainsareinoperationinChina,Japan,GermanyandSouthKorea.
Asthetrainsarepropelledbymagneticforces,frictioniseliminated,
makingtransportationfreeofnoiseandvibration.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/fly-on-rails-globaltenders-floated-to-induct-maglev-trains/article8949604.ece
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88.
a)
b)
c)
d)
ScatSat-1satelliterecentlylaunchedbyISROwillhelpin
Mineralexploration
ForecastinggroundwaterresourcesinIndia
Increasingthebandwidthoftelecommunicationservicesin
India
Disastermanagement
Solution:d)
Learning:CurrentlyIndiaisdependentonNASA’sISS-RapidScatfor
predictionofcycloneforecastingandweatherprediction.
• WithlaunchofthissatelliteIndiawillacquirethecapabilityformore
accuratepredictionandtrackingofcyclones.
• Theindigenouslydevelopedweatherforecastingsatellitewillbe
equippedwithonboardinstrumentstomonitorseasurfacewinds
andhelppredictthegenesisofcyclones
• TheprimarypayloadofScatSat-1isascatterometertokeepawatch
onthespeedanddirectionofoceanwindsthatindicatetheformation
andstrengtheningofcyclones.
• Thesatellitewillhavethecapacitytomonitortemperatureand
humidity.
QSource:http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/scatsat-1to-help-in-predicting-cyclones/article8945917.ece
89.
Considerthefollowingstatementsaboutthegeographyof
India.
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Assertion(A):East-WestextentofIndiaisgreaterthanitsNorth-South
Extent.
Reason(R):IndiaislocatedentirelyintheNorthernHemisphere.
Inthecontextoftheabove,whichoftheseiscorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Aiscorrect,andRisanappropriateexplanationofA.
Aiscorrect,butRisnotanappropriateexplanationofA.
Aisincorrect,butRiscorrect.
BothAandRareincorrect.
Solution:c)
Justification:Fromsouthtonorth,Indiaextendsbetween8°4'Nand
37°6'Nlatitudes.Fromwesttoeast,Indiaextendsbetween68°7'Eand
97°25'Elongitudes.
So,thenorth-southextentfromKashmirtoKanyakumariisabout3,200
km.Andtheeast-westextentfromArunachalPradeshtoKuchchhisabout
2,900km.
IthasnothingtodowithwhichhemisphereIndialiesin.
QSource:Page47:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
90.
WhichofthefollowinggenerallydoesNOTcomewithinthe
functionaldomainoftheGovernmentinIndia?
a) Maintainingpublicroads
b) Establishingdiplomaticrelationswithotherstates
c) Introductionofnewrailwayslinesbetweenremotelocations
d) Producinggoodsofdailyconsumption
Solution:d)
Justification:Youneedtochoosemostappropriateoptionoutofthem.
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OptionA:NHAI,MinistryofRoadTransportetctakecareofpublicroads,
nationalhighwaysinIndia.
OptionB:MinistryofExternalaffairsmaintainsdiplomaticrelationswith
otherstates.
OptionC:ItisdonebyIndianRailwaysonproposalsfromtheMinistryof
Railways.
OptionD:SomePSUsdoproducegoods/commoditiesofdaily
consumptionlikepetrolandDiesel,butthisisnotthegeneralcase.
Productionofmostotherarticlesislefttotheprivatesector,likesalt,
clothesetc.
QSource:Page28:NCERT6th:SocialandEconomicLife–I
91.
Onlyonesideofthemoonisvisibletousontheearthmainly
dueto
1. SpinspeedoftheMoononitsaxiswhichmatcheswiththatof
earth
2. Geoidshapeandaxialtiltoftheearth
3. Atmosphericrefractiononearthandabsenceofatmospherein
space
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
1and3only
1and2only
2and3only
Solution:a)
Justification:Statement1:Themoonmovesaroundtheearthinabout27
days.Ittakesexactlythesametimetocompleteonespin.Asaresult,only
onesideofthemoonisvisibletousontheearth.Youcanwatchthis
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animationforbetterunderstanding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZIB_leg75Q
Statement2:Eveniftheearthwasnottilted,youwouldbeabletoseeonly
onesideofthemoon.Thegeoidshapeofearthhasnothingtodowithour
viewoftheMoon.Eveniftheearthweretobecomeslightlyflatteror
rounder,thesightofthemoonwon’tchangemuch.
Statement3:Ifatallthiswasapplicable,itshouldhavebeenapplicableto
allcosmicbodies,whichisnottrue.Atmosphericrefractionhelpsplanets,
starstwinkleanddoesn’tdecidewhichsideofthemisvisibleorinvisible
onearth.
QSource:Page5:NCERT6thGeography:TheEarthOurHabitat
92.
TheFoodSafetyandStandardsAuthorityofIndia(FSSAI)has
beenregulatingtheuseofharmfultransfatsinpackagedfooditems.
Considerthefollowingabouttransfats.
1. Theyaredifferentfromordinaryfatsinthattheyarenaturallynot
foundorformedinanimalorplantproducts.
2. Theyareusedbyfoodmanufacturerstoimprovethetextureand
shelflifeoffood.
3. Eatingthemraisestheleveloflow-densitylipoprotein(LDL)
cholesterolintheblood.
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2and3only
1and2only
1and3only
1,2and3
Solution:a)
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Justification:Statement1:Therearetwosourcesoftransfat,alsoknown
astransfattyacids:
• Transfatformednaturally,producedinthegutofsomegrazing
animalsasalsofoundinanimalproductslikemeat,milk,andmilk
products.
• Transfatformedduringfoodprocessing–thistypeoftransfatis
createdwhenhydrogenisaddedtovegetableoil(aprocesscalled
hydrogenation)tomakeitmoresolid.
Statement2:Partiallyhydrogenatedoilsareusedbyfoodmanufacturers
toimprovethetexture,shelflife,andflavorstabilityoffoods.
Statement3:Transfatcanbefoundinmanyofthesamefoodsassaturated
fat.ThesecanincludeCoffeecreamer,Crackers,cookies,cakes,frozenpies
etc.
AnelevatedLDL(bad)bloodcholesterollevelcanincreaseyourriskof
developingcardiovasculardisease.HDLisgoodbloodcholesterol.
QSource:Improvisation:http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/foodsafety-agency-extends-implementation-of-trans-fats-standards-by-sixmonths-55274
93.
Asperthe73rdConstitutionalAmendmentAct1992,"Gram
Sabha"meansabodyconsistingofpersons
a) Registeredintheelectoralrollsrelatingtoavillagecomprised
withintheareaofPanchayatatthevillagelevel
b) Residinginthevillageorpanchayatorcontiguousareasbyway
ofnaturalizationofmigration
c) SpecifiedbytheGovernorbyapublicnotificationonthe
recommendationoftheStateElectionCommission
d) ChosensobythePanchayattoaddressthesocio-economic
issuesofthevillage
Solution:a)
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Learning:Asperthe73rdAmendmentAct1992,“aGramSabhamay
exercisesuchpowersandperformsuchfunctionsatthevillagelevelasthe
LegislatureofaStatemay,bylaw,provide.
ThereshallbeconstitutedineveryState,Panchayatsatthevillage,
intermediateanddistrictlevelsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthis
Part.
SubjecttotheprovisionsofthisPart,theLegislatureofaStatemay,bylaw,
makeprovisionswithrespecttothecompositionofPanchayats.”
Wewillbecoveringmorequestionlateronthepowersandroleofthe
GramSabhainavillage.
QSource:Page43:NCERT6th:SocialandEconomicLife–I
94.
ArrangethefollowingfromEasttoWest.
1. MahadeoHills
2. RajmahalHills
3. Aravallirange
Selectthecorrectanswerusingthecodesbelow.
a)
b)
c)
d)
213
312
123
231
Solution:a)
Justification:Themapbelowisself-explanatory.
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QSource:Mapbasedquestions:India
95.
“FiscalMonitor”reportwaspublishedinApril2016bywhich
oftheseorganizations?
a) WorldBank
b) WorldEconomicForum
c) InternationalMonetaryFund
d) ReserveBankofIndia
Solution:c)
Learning:TheFiscalMonitorwaslaunchedin2009tosurveyandanalyze
thelatestpublicfinancedevelopmentsandotheraspectsrelatedtoit.
• ItispreparedtwiceayearbytheIMF’sFiscalAffairsDepartment.
• ItsprojectionsarebasedonthesamedatabaseusedfortheWorld
EconomicOutlook(WEO)andtheGlobalFinancialStabilityReport
(GFSR).
• ItisimportantthattheIMFmonitorsthefiscalsituationofits
membernationsasitactsalenderoflastresortincaseofBoPcrisis.
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QSource:CurrentAffairs:IMFWebsite
96.
Scientistshaverecentlydevelopedanewbio-inkthatallows3D
printingofcomplexlivingtissuesthatmaybeusedforsurgical
implants.Thebio-inkcontainswhichofthefollowing?
1. Naturalpolymerextractedfromseaweed
2. Stemcellsthathavepotencyandunspecializedstates
Whichoftheaboveis/arecorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
1only
2only
Both1and2
None
Solution:c)
Justification:Statement1:Thebio-inkcontainstwodifferentpolymer
components:anaturalpolymerextractedfromseaweed,andasacrificial
syntheticpolymerusedinthemedicalindustry.
Thesyntheticpolymercausesthebio-inktochangefromliquidtosolid
whenthetemperatureisraised,andtheseaweedpolymerprovides
structuralsupportwhenthecellnutrientsareintroduced.
Statement2:Stemcellsdifferfromotherkindsofcellsinthebody.Allstem
cells-regardlessoftheirsource-havethreegeneralproperties:theyare
capableofdividingandrenewingthemselvesforlongperiods;theyare
unspecialized;andtheycangiverisetospecializedcelltypes.
Theyarecrucialfororgantransplantsastheycanregenerateintodifferent
typesofhumanorgans.
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Learning:Youcanlearnabout3-Dprintinghere
http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/
QSource:
http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/scientists-developnew-bio-ink-for-3d-printing-2874908/
97.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Howisthecontinentalcrustdifferentfromoceaniccrust?
MineralconstituentsofthecontinentalmassareSilicaand
alumina,whereasthatofoceaniccrustismainlyiron
Continentalcrustislessdensethanoceaniccrust.
Continentalcrusthasahighlydiversecompositionofelements
inbothfusedandnaturalform,whereasoceaniccrustismade
fromasingleelementonly
Alloftheabove
Solution:b)
Justification:OptionA:Themainmineralconstituentsofthecontinental
massaresilicaandalumina.Theoceaniccrustmainlyconsistsofsilicaand
magnesium.So,Aiswrong.
Itiscorethatislargelymadeofiron.
OptionB:Bothoceaniccrustandcontinentalcrustarelessdensethanthe
mantle,butoceaniccrustisdenserthancontinentalcrust.Thisispartly
whythecontinentsareatahigherelevationthantheoceanfloor.
Becausecontinentalcrustislessdensethanoceaniccrustitfloatshigheron
themantle,justlikeapieceofStyrofoamfloatshigheronwaterthanapiece
ofwooddoes.
OptionC:Itisnottrue,asalsomentionedinoptionAjustification.
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QSource:Page8:GeographyNCERT7th:OurEnvironment
98.
Considerthefollowingstatements. Assertion(A):ChiefMinisteroftheStatecandisqualifyasittingMLAafter
obtainingtheadviceoftheStateElectionCommission.
Reason(R):ChiefMinisterholdsthedefactoauthorityintheState
Government.
Inthecontextoftheabove,whichoftheseiscorrect?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Aiscorrect,andRisanappropriateexplanationofA.
Aiscorrect,butRisnotanappropriateexplanationofA.
Aisincorrect,butRiscorrect.
Aiscorrect,butRisincorrect.
Solution:c)
Justification:AnMLAcanbedisqualifiedonmanygrounds.
• Ongroundsofdefection(tobecoveredlaterintests),theSpeaker
decidesthedisqualification.
• IfheholdsanyofficeofprofitundertheGovernmentofIndiaora
stateoranofficedeclaredbyalawofthestate,hecanbedisqualified.
• Ifanycompetentcourtdeclaresanymembertobeofunsoundmind,
thentheMLAisdisqualified.
• UnderArticle192oftheConstitution,“ifanyquestionarisesasto
whetherornotthememberofahouseofthelegislatureofastatehas
becomesubjecttoanyofthedisqualificationcriteria,thequestion
shallbecitedtotheGovernoroftheStatefordecisionwhowillactas
pertheopinionoftheElectionCommission(EC).”
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• Hisdecisionshallbefinalandmaynotbereviewedbyanycourtof
law.So,clearlyAiswrong.
QSource:Improvisation:Page33:NCERT7th:SocialandEconomicLife–II
99.
ABengaliwriter,herbooktitled“AmarJiban”isthefirstknown
autobiographywrittenbyanIndianwoman.Sheis?
a) IsmatChugtai
b) BegumRukhaiyaHussain
c) DeepaBandopadhyay
d) RashsundariDevi
Solution:d)
Learning:Attheageof60,RashsundariDeviwroteherautobiographyin
Banglain1860.Sheandafewotherslike(RukhaiyaHussain)weresome
themostprominentfiguresintheliteraryhistoryofwomenincolonial
India.
OptionA:IsmatChugtai(post-colonialperiod)wasaliberalMuslimwriter
andconsideredtobeapath-breakingwomanwriteroftheregion.
OptionB:BegumRukhaiyaHussainwroteSultana’sDreamin1905to
practiseherEnglishskillswhenshewasmerely25yearsold.Thisstory
imaginedawomancalledSultanawhoreachesaplacecalledLadyland.
Ladylandisaplacewherewomentooksimilarrolesasmen.
QSource:Page60:NCERT7th:SocialandEconomicLife–II
100.
AsperareportcommissionedbytheDepartmentofScience
andTechnology(DST),IndiawillbeheavilydependentonChinain
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thecomingyearstosourcerareearthmineralsfortheirusein
manufacturingsector.Whatisthereasonbehindit?
a) Indiadoesnothaveanyreserveofrare-earthminerals.
b) SensitiveimportsfromMissileTechnologyControlRegime
(MTCR)nationsarebannedforanon-memberlikeIndia.
c) Indiadoesnothavethenecessarytechnologytoextractany
rare-earthminerals.
d) Chinaisaleadingglobalsupplierformanyrareearthmineral
resourcesthathavebeenidentifiedascriticalforIndia.
Solution:d)
Justification:OptionAandC:Indiaisendowedwithvastmineral
resources-itisamongthetopfivenationswithreservesofrare-earth
minerals-itspotentialisuntapped.
• Indiacurrentlyhasalittleover2%shareofglobaloutputofrare
earths.Theirproductionhasalsoincreasedpost-1995.But,more
than97%supplylieswithChina.
OptionB:TheseitemsarenotinMTCRlists.MTCRlistcoversballistic
missiletechnology.
OptionD:Chinacurrentlyaccountsforanoverwhelming97%ofglobal
production,andithasnotbeenshyofusingthisdominanceasabargaining
chipagainstothercountries.
• RareearthsarevitalfutureresourcesandIndiawon’tlikeany
countrytohaveamonopoly.So,itisplanningtonegotiatecontracts
forfuturesupplies.
Learning:12mineralsoutof49thatwereevaluatedas‘mostcritical’for
India’smanufacturingsectorby2030.
• Theseareberyllium,chromium,germanium,limestone,niobium,
graphite,rareearths,rhenium,strontium,tantalumandzirconium.
• Theseelementsarecriticaltomanyindustriesofthefuture—from
smartphonestohybridcarstosolarpanels.
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• Thereisaworldwidescrambletogetholdofrareearths.Priceshave
soaredinrecenttimes.
• Indiais100percentimport-dependentforsevenoutof12identified
criticalmineralsanddoesnothaveanydeclaredresourcesforthem,
exceptlightrare-earths(foundalongwithmonazitesands)and
beryllium.
Youcanreadmorehere
http://www.insightsonindia.com/2016/08/05/insights-daily-currentaffairs-05-august-2016/
QSource:Asgivenabove
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