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8-1-1964
A survey of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School
Library, Jackson, Mississippi, 1963-1964
Laverne Webster
Atlanta University
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Webster, Laverne, "A survey of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School Library, Jackson, Mississippi, 1963-1964" (1964). ETD Collection
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A SUPJ/SI OF BHINKLBT JUNIOR-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARY,
JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI, 1963-196U
A THESIS
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ATLANTA UNIVERSITY II
PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF TIE REQUIRMBEIS FOR
THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE
BY
LAVERNE iffiBSTER
SCHOOL OF LIBRARY SERVICE
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
AUGUST, 196I|
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF TABLE
ill
Chapter
I.
INTRODUCTION ...
............
1
Community Background
History of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School
Objectives of the School
Objectives of the Library
Purpose and Scope
Methodology
II,
GENERAL USE OF THE LIBRARY ..............
1$
Accessibility Factors
Attendance and Use
Circulation
Library Service to Students
Library Service to Teachers
Summary
III.
THE MATERIALS COLLECTION
25
Book Collection
Audio-Visual Materials
Periodicals
Pamphlets
Special Collection
Summary
IV.
STAFF AND FACILITIES .........
36
Staff
Budget
Physical Facilities
Summary
V.
CONCLOSIOMS
k2
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B .
U6
.
..................'
kl
. . . .
1*8
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ii
LIST OF TABLES
Table
1.
Population, Median School Years Completed and Median Family
2.
Major Industry Groups of Employed Persons, Jackson, i960 . . .
6
3.
Major Occupations of Employed Persons, Jackson, i960
7
k.
Distribution of Pupils in the Brinkley Junior-Senior High
5.
Total Number of Teachers in Brinkley Junior-Senior High
6.
Student and Teacher Use and Attendance in Brinkley Junior-
Incomes of Jackson by Race, i960
School by Grades, 1963-196U
h
......
8
School by Department, 1963-196U
?
Senior High School Library During Meek of October 21-25,
1963 ...................
7.
Books Withdrawn by Students in. the Brinkley Junior-Senior
8.
Materials Withdrawn by Teachers in the Brinkley Junior-
9.
Distribution of Books by Subject and Class in the Brinkley
10.
The Number of Magazines Subscribed to Which Are Indexed in
17
High School During the Week, October 21-25, 1963 ......
Senior High School During the Week, October 21-25j 1963
• •
20
Junior-Senior High School, 1963* .....««••«•'••
2'
the Abridged Readers1 Guide and Hecoimended by Martin,
1963-19614
11.
29
Distribution of Expenditures for Books, Magazines, Newspapers,
Pamphlets, Audio-Visual Materials, Supplies and Equipment,
1963-196U
12.
18
..............
Library Equipment
•
•
iii
38
•
39
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
From a review of surveys of eleven Southern high school libraries,
it was discerned that the findings were similar in most situations, with
a few exceptions.
lone of them met the standards for school libraries
as recommended by the American Library Association.
and Mississippi,
In both Alabama
four libraries were surveyed and it was reported that
they lacked adequate space, facilities, book collections and trained
personnel.
Circulation records showed that two of these libraries were
not used as much as they should have been due to lack of free periods
for students and limited interest in reading.
There were also found no
collections of professional materials for teachers.
The surveys of two
Willie Kate Jackson, "A Survey of the Rebecca Comer Vocational
School Library, Sufaula, Alabama." (unpublished Master's thesis, School
of Library Service, Atlanta University, 1958).
Mable Harris Neeley,
"A Survey of Two School Libraries in Jefferson
County, Alabama." (unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library Service,
Atlanta University, 195U).
Celestine McCord Reeves,
"A Survey of Two Public High School
Libraries in Birmingham, Alabama."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School
of Library Service, Atlanta University, 195U).
2
Matylde Buehannan,
"A Survey of Two Public High School Libraries,
in Jackson, Mississippi."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library
Service, Atlanta University, 1955).
high school libraries in Florida
revealed that the libraries'
quarters
books and staffs neither meet the national, regional, nor state standards.
Student library assistants were needed, and storage space for books and
seating facilities were inadequate.
South Carolina
has had its school library problems.
It was re
ported that in 1958 teaching in a certain school was textbook centered
and the teachers did not participate in selecting the library's materials
which were inadequate.
Many teachers did not have free periods during
the day and therefore had no time to use the library.
A school library situation in New Orleans, Louisiana,^ was very
much like those of the other Southern cities.
The study revealed that the
library did not meet state, and regional standards in regard to personnel,
materials, quarters and equipment.
Blanche Daniels, "A Survey of the Rochelle High School Library,
Lakeland, Florida."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library
Service, Atlanta University, I960).
Juanita Horn©, "A Survey of the Jewitt High School Library, Winter
Haven, Florida."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library Service,
Atlanta University, 1959).
?■
Ollie Gertrude Miller, "A Survey of Two Public High School Libraries
in Columbia, South Carolina."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 1?5U).
Bernise Rabb, "A Survey of the Brewer High School Library, Greenwood,
South Carolina."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library Service,
Atlanta University, 1958).
^Doris Hooper, "A Survey of the L. B. Landy High School Library,
Sew Orleans, Louisiana."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library
Service, Atlanta University, 1956).
In Georgia
surveys were made'of two school libraries and in
adequate library budgets, quarters, facilities, personnel and insufficient
book collections were reported.
Storage space for books and seating
facilities were also inadequate.
Gowmuttity Background
Jackson is the capitol of Mississippi and is the largest city in
the state.
It was founded in 1822 on the site of Lefleur's trading post
and was later named in honor of Andrew Jackson.
It lies on the west bank
of the Pearl River in the southwest central part of Mississippi, and is
often called the Crossroads of the South because of its central location.
The city has a commission form of government.
Jackson serves as a dis
tribution, financial, manufacturing and transportation center.2
Educational? social and irecreational^_facilities.--The city has
53 public schools.
Belhaven College, Millsaps College and the University
of Mississippi Medical Center are in the Jackson area and are restricted
to admit only white students.
Campbell College, Jackson State College and
Tougaloo College were designed for Negroes.^
six radio stations, three
airlines, two bus lines, two railway systems, two television stations and
Helen Reese Spps, "A Survey of Library Facilities and Services
in the Lumber City High School, Lumber City, Georgia, 19$k-19$$.n
(un
published Master's thesis, School of Library Service, Atlanta University,
1955).
Nancy Robinson, "A Survey of the Brewer High School Library and
the Barton County library."
(unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 1<?56).
2
"Jackson," The World Book Encyclopedia, I96I1 ed., Yol. XI, p. U.
^Progress Report to The Citizens of Jackson, Mississippi, 1963
(Jacks on 1"' The 'city of Jackson, 196$), p." 10.
~
two daily newspapers serve Jackson„
Among the facilities for cultural
development is the Jackson Public Library and two of its eight branches
serve only Negroes.
Recreational facilities include 12 parks or 800 acres
of parks and play grounds with facilities for bowling, golf, swimming* and
tennis.
There are also 12 theaters.
and. three theaters.
Negroes have access to one park
Jackson has a total of 230 churches of which 1U5 serve
white people and 85 serve Negroes.
Population.—According- to the I960 Census, Jackson had a population
of lM*,li22
of this number 51*553 or 35.7 per cent were non-white.
median of school years completed for non-whites was 7.6,
The
and for
TABLE 1
POPULATION, MEDIAN SCHOOL TEARS COMPLETED AID MEDIAN FAMILY
INCOMES OF JACKSON BY RACE, I960
Race
Population
Median School
Years Completed
Median Family
Income
Hon-Wiite
51,553
7.6
$2,606
White
90,182
12.1
5,216
Other
2,687
lW*,U22
Total
•
«
«
•
» «
•
•
»
s
s
m
IMA.
2
U. S. Bureau of the Census, U. S. Census of Population 196Oj
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Mississippi (Washingtoni
U. S. Government Printing Office, 1961), p. 107.
3Ibid., p. 203.
5
whites, 12.1.
1
p.
The median family income of non-whites was $2,606.00' and
of whites,, $5,216.00
(see Table 1).
The median educational level and
family income of the whites are much higher than those- of non-whites.
Industries and occupations.—The i960 Census^ reports that the
major industries in Jackson were wholesale, trade, manufacturing,
personal services and educational services (see Table 2).
There sere
11,650 people employed in wholesale trade and of this number 3,090 or
26,6 per cent were non-white.
Manufacturing rated second highest form of
industry and a total of 9,99B persons were employed; of this group 2,398
or 2U.0 per cent were non-white»
The factories produce crushed cotton
seeds, farm implements, fertilizer, furniture, garments,
glass bottles,
electrical applicances, meat products, lawn mowers, lumber products and,
alumnium cookware.
Other personal services rated third, involving 9,508
workers and 6,399 or 6?,3 per cent were non-white (see Table 2),
Census
5
The i960
did not report any non-xirhite employees in educational services and
hospitals.
The major occupations were engaged in by clerical, professional,
XIbid., p8 150.
2
Ibid., p. 15U.
3Ibid8, p. 160.
_Ibid., p. 156.
Ibid., p. 159.
operative and kindred workers.
5.0 per cent were non-white.
Of the 9*76? clerical workers, i486 or
There were 7,939 professional workers and
of this mmber 1,320 or 16.6 per cent were non-white.
Operative and
kindred workers rated third having 7,208 workers and of this group 2,709
or 37.6 per cent were non-white*
There were 5,880 service workers, and
3,85!i or 65.5 per cent were non-white.
Most of the U,655 private house
hold workers were non-white totalling l»,U»0 or 95.14- per cent of this group.
The largest per cent of non-whites were employed in personal services,
construction, operative and kindred work, service workers, and private
household2 (see Table 3).
TABLE 2
MJ0R INDUSTRY GROUPS OF EMPLOYED PERSONS
JACKSON, I960
lumber Employed
Industry of Employed
Wholesale Trade
Manufacturing
Other Personal Services
Educational Services?
Private and Government
Finance, Insurance and Real
Estate
Construction and Mining
Public Administration
Hospitals
LIbid.
"Ibid., p. 160.
Ion-White
Total
Total
Per Gent
11,650
9,998
3,090
26 e6
2U.0
9,508
6,372
5,789
5,271
U,771
U,O87
2,398
6,399
•
•
0
301
1,656
297
m
e
67.3
•
5.6
31.U
6.2
•
•
9
7
TABLE 3
MAJOR OCCUPATIONS OF EMPLOYED PEHSOIS,
JACKSON, I960
1———
OccuDation of Enrolovpci
Total
_—_
Non-White
Total
Per Cent
Clerical and Kindred
9,767
1*86
5.0
7,939
1,320
16.6
7,208
2,709
37.6
Proprietors
Service Workers, Except
Private Household
Craftsmen and Kindred
6,571*
351
5.3
5,888
3,85U
65.5
Workers
Sales Workers
Private Household Workers
5,811
1,680
28.9
U,655
k,kko
95.ii
Workers
Professional, Technical,,
Kindred Workers
Operative and Kindred
Workers
Managers, Officials,
14,725
185
3.9
History of the Brlnkley Junior-Senior High School
On August 20, 1957, the Board of Trustees of the Jackson Municipal
Separate School District approved preliminary plans for the Brinkley
Junior-Senior High School.
On October 9, 1958, Mr. James Gooden, Director
of Colored Schools, broke ground for the erection of the building Djhieh
was completed in October, i960.
triangular site.
The school is located on a 22-aere,
It is bound on the east by Livingston Road,
on the west
by Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad, and on the north by School ¥iew
Drive.
It was designed to accommodate an enrollment of approximately
ls!i00 pupils.
The facilities include hi classrooms, an auditorium, a
gymnasium with dressing rooms, a lunch room, a library, an audio-visual
8
room, and an administrative suite•
Additional facilities ares
hard
surfaced play areas, a football practice field, baseball and softball
diamonds, parking and service areas.
The curriculum offers two types of programsi
and a college preparatory program^
a general program
The general program is designed
primarily for those boys and girls who are not certain about their
future plans, but who desire a well rounded general educational back
ground,
A pupil nay elect trade training, which will enable him to
specialize in bricklaying, carpentry, and interior and exterior decorationj
he may elect industrial arts which would include woodworking, plastering
and leathereraft| or, he nay elect business education which would enable
him to learn office procedure and business administration.
The college
TABLE h
DISTRIBUTION OF PUPILS IN THE BRINKLEY JOTIOR-SEMIOR
HIGH SCHOOL BY GRADES, 1963-196U
Grade
'Boys
Girls
Total
7
175
190
365
8
190
170
360
9
150
JhS
295
10
110
98
208
11
95
90
185
12
92
110
202
812
803
1,615
Totals
■
9
preparatory program is designed for boys and girls who plan to attend
college after completing high school.
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School has an enrollment of 1,615 pupils
(see Table h)-
Table k reveals that in grades eight, nine, ten and eleven
there are more boys than girls.
Whereas, in grades seven and twelve,
there are more girls than boys.
Table h also indicates that the number of
children in each class decreases in each school year through the 11th
grade, then an increase is noted for the 12th grade.
The school's staff consists of 66 teachers, four counselors, one
librarian with one full-time clerk, four secretaries, an assistant principal
and a principal (see Table $),
Of the 66 teachers 2h or 36.3 per cent of
TABLE 5
TOTAL NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN BRINKLEI JUNIOR-SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL BY DEPARTMENT, I963-I96J4
Department
Number of Teachers
Art
2
Commerce
Drivers' Education.
English
Foreign Language.
Home Economics
Industrial Arts
Mathematics
.......
..............
......
Music .
Physical Education
Science
Social Studies. ..............
Special Education
Total
2
1
12
3
k
2
12
k
6
8
8
2
66
Jackson Municipal Separate School District, Administrative
Service Handbook, (Jackson:
Jackson Board of Education, 1963),Pro-
cedures and Directives Division, Pt. 2, par. 10U, p» l6Ij.
10
them teach English and mathematics.
A combination of 12 mathematics
teachers with the eight science teachers results in 20 or 3k per cent
of the teachers in the area of science.
The two teachers in special
education work with retarded students and teach basic subjects by a simpli»
fied method.
In addition, they teach arts and crafts.
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School was accredited by the Southern
Association of Colleges and. Schools in i960.
It was named in honor of
Professor Samuel Manuel Brinkley (I876-I9U6), an outstanding Mississippi
educator- and community leader.
Objectives of the School
To realise Brinkley»s philosophy, and to meet the needs of its
youth and community, the school strives toward providing experiences
which wills2
1.
promote physical and emotional adjustments to the
pupils' natural and scientific environment
2.
aid youth to achieve self direction and independence
3.
promote the achievement of satisfactory relationships
with others
U.
permit youth to explore their abilities in several fields
and make significant accomplishments in one more areas of
endeavor
£.
promote a satisfactory adaptation to vocational life as
well as higher education
6.
develop skill and satisfaction in the use of leisure and
which will lead to happy and wholesome recreational
pursuits
Report of Se_lf-Evaluating Committee on Evaluation Criteria
(Brinkley Junior-Senior High School, Volume I, Jackson* The Faculty,
1963), p. 12.
Interview with Joseph Sutton, Principal, Brinkley Junior-Senior
High School, lovember 18, I963.
11
7.
enable youth to achieve and maintain physical and mental
health
8.
better equip youths to live democratically with satisfaction
to themselves and to make positive contributions t© society
as home members, workers and citizens
9.
enable youth to think logically, -using both inductive and
deductive reasoning, and to express themselves clearly
10.
satisfy youths' inner compulsion to find unity and meaning
in their lives and in the world about them*
Objectives of the Library
The library should serve every department and every individual
within the school, providing such materials and services that will
strengthen each phase of the school's program and will adequately meet
the interests and needs of its users.
In addition, the library should
serve as an instructional guide to materials, and as a service center,
and bo, thereby contribute to the overall development, of every pupil in
1
the school.'
?
The library seeks to achieve ths following objectives:"
1.
To provide quality library materials, both printed and
audio-visual, insufficient quantity to fulfill recreational
and informational needs
2.
To help pupils and teachers develop skill in the effective
use of the library and its resources
3.
To develop habits and ideals essential for democratic
living
k.
To aid pupils and teachers in becoming discriminate in
their selection of library materials
Report of Self^valuation of Committee on Evaluating Criteria,
op. cit., p. lW.
2
Interview with Mrs. Cozetta ¥. Buckley, Librarian, Brinkley
Junior-Senior High School, November 12, 1963.
12
5.
To provide an atmosphere conducive for study
6.
To stimulate pupils to develop attitudes and desires for
7.
8.
continuous learning throughout life
To properly organize materials in order to facilitate
ease and accessibility in their use
To provide, through a conscientious and courteous staff,
such services for teachers and pupils that will aid in
the achievement of the school's objectives
Purpose and Scope
The purpose of this study is to survey the existing facilities,
service and organization of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School Library
in Jackson, Mississippi| and, to measure the school's library facilities
and services against the prevailing standards established by Mississippi's
Accrediting GcfflraLssion,
1
the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools,"
and the American Library Association.
Methodology
Various methods were used in securing the necessary data for this
study.
Library literature was studied and used as background material
for this survey.
Visits were made to the library to observe personally
the quarters, facilities and library's program.
A questionnaire was
composed and sent to the librarian and the 66 teachers in the Brinkley
Mississippi Accrediting Commission, Standards for^Mississippi
Accrediting Association (Jacksom
2
State Department of
£&E^li
Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Principles_and
Standards of The jG amiss ion on ;^g^gPdarj_Schools (Jackson:
on 8eeon5ary" Schools, l9&"3 j
^American Library Association.
——
Commission
American Association of School
Librarians, Standards for School Library Programs
Library Association, 19bO). ' "
:
~~
(Chicago:
American
13
Junior-Senior High School to secure information concerning their use of the
library and their evaluation of its facilities and services»
To secure data of teachers' library attendance, the librarian was
given five mimeographed lists which contained the names of the teachers,
alphabetically arranged.
She or the assistant librarian placed a check
•mark besides the teacher's name when he made his first visit to the
library for each' day for five days of a typical week*
At the end of the
week the figures were tabulated and recorded*
The librarian with the aid of the assistants,
determined the
library's use and its activities for ons 'week and attendance, use, and
the amount of service rendered to students and to teachers during the
week of October, 1<?63, was recorded. Several printed sources were used
in securing needed datas
Progrm
A Planning Guide for the High School Library
was used to establish procedures for the study.
Collection for High Schools,
The Basic Book
The Standard Catalog for High School Libraries/
and Suggested List of__Books_for Mississippi High Schools1 were used in
evaluating the quality of the book collection by checking the library's
holdings against the listings in each of these basic tools by subject.
1Frances Henne, Ruth Ersted and Alice Lohrer, A_Planning Guide for
the High School^Library Program (Chicagoi
TP527."
American Lilrary~Associalxon^
Basic Book CollectipnforHighSchools, compiled by a Joint Com
mittee of the American Library Association and National Education Associa
tion (Chicago:
American Library Association, 1959).
Standard Catalog for.jjigh^SchoolJLibraries (New York:
Wilson Company, 1957-33J5IJ7
"""*
"
H. ¥.
Suggested List of Books for Mississippi .Hj.gh_Schools (Jacksoni
State Department of Edwiation, 19!?$).
"
m
Martin's Magazines for School Libraries
to Periodical Literature
2
and the Abridged Headers' Guide
were used to assess the magazine holdings.
Laura K. Martin, Magazines for School Libraries (New York?
Wilson Company, I960).
2
Abridged Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature (New Yorks
Wilson Company, 1963).
'
'
'
'
"~~~
H. ¥.
H. W.
CHAPTER II
GENERAL USE OF THE LIBRARY
The Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library is located at
the extreme and of the north wing of the school building on the ground
floor.
It is centrally located with respect to the main corridors
and is connected to the main building by a wide, paved, covered walkway
which makes it accessible during inclement weather.
The library is -used
exclusively for library purposes.
Pupils may come to the library in groups of five or less from a
class, or in whole class groups.
When it becomes necessary for more than
five pupils in a class to visit the library, teachers are asked to bring
the entire class and remain with the pupils throughout the period.
Ad
mission to the library is by permits indicating that the students have
been excused from the classroom to use the library for a specific purpose.
The library is open daily from 8s00 a.m. to I*: 00 p.m., except for a 30minute daily activity period.
The library is open 30 minutes before and
after school.
Attendance and Use
Pupils should come to the library for a specific purpose, not just
to occupy a seat.
■
Y
—
The objective of any good school library is to get as
—
:
■
—
Lucile Fargo, The Library in the School (Chicago!
library Association, 19h7)3 p. 3k»
""
15
—
American
:
15 ft
many pupils as possible to use the materials available to them.
order to do this, pupils must be aware of what is available.
of the library is less than that which is desired,
In
If the use
the librarian should
discuss the problem with the teachers and administrator.
Salesmanship
of library materials is as in^ortant in the school as that of any well
organized department store*
Attendance by students.—A record of student attendance at the
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library was kept for a recommended
typical week of October 21-25, 1963.
The record showed that from 600
to 757 students attended the library daily (see Table 6).
attendance for the week was 1,200.
after school.
in library use.
The total
This included attendance before and
Some whole classes came with their teachers for instruction
The others came to the library to borrow books, look up
materials for assignments or to browse and read periodicals and newspapers.
Pupils who came between 8i00 and 8*30 returned books and used quick
reference tools such as the dictionaries, atlases, the fact books and
encyclopedias.
Pupils who came after school borrowed reserve books, and
also used quick reference tools.
At one period during the week ©f
October 21-25* 1963* there were 110 pupils in the library without a
teacher (see Table 6).
These pupils were there to make a library photo
graph for the school's I963-6I4. yearbook.
90 pupils and one teacher counted*
In two instances, there were
This was one whole class and groups
of students from different classrooms who xtere studying.
The teachers nh© brought pupils to the library during this week
disciplined their pupils, read newspapers and periodicals,
assisted pupils
in getting out assignments, and in some instances borrowed material for
16
individual needs.
At one period, there were 120 pupils in the library
and only three teachers.
This was a combined group of two clubs:
Library Club, and the Book Club with their sponsors.
The
They were shown
two filmstrips about the library.
Attendance by teachers.—It is impossible for teachers to know
what library resources are available unless they frequently visit the
library and teachers must know vhat library materials are available, if ' .
they are to be used effectively.
Successful library service in the school
means cooperative efforts of teachers and the librarian.
During the
week of October 21-25, 1963, a record was kept of teachers vising the library
(see Table 6).
This record revealed that from 25 to kk different teachers
visited the library daily, and the individual faculty attendance for the
week was 60.
Circulation
The objectives of the circulation system at the Brinkley Junior-
Senior High School library are the same as those given by Fargc^
(a) to provide for the widest possible use of library
books, maps, globes, films, filmstrips, pictures and
other materials| (b) to make proper adjustments between
reference demands, home and classroom use of booksj
(c) to put the right, books into the hands of the right
child (or teacher) at the right timej and (d) to de
vise a charging system that will carry out the above
objectives with the least possible expense,-friction,
and expenditure of time.
Pa
2
317,
Report of Self-Evaluating Committee on__ Evaluative Criteria,
op. cit., p. 113.
~""~
'
~~
'
1?
TABLE 6
STUDENT AMD TEACHER USE iHD ATTENOAECE IN BHINKLEY JUNIOR-SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARY DUH1IG THE WEEK OF OCTOBER 21-25, 1963
Monday
Time
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
St.
T.
St.
T.
St.
T.
Friday
*
Period
St.
T8
St.
Before
School
60
10
75
6
70
8
90
10
85
12
9:2$
106
5
110
k
105
U
75
2
50
0
10^25
100
U
90
3
97
2
100
2
Uo
0
11:25
100
3
120
3-
102
5
11U
2:
100
2
12:25
100
U
95
2
U5
1
Uo
1
Uo
0
Ii25
30
0
90
1
80
2
60
1
70
3
2225
75
6
110
0
100
2
100
2
110
k
3*35
85
2
103
2
108
3
95
1
100
2
Uo
8
50
5
50
8
30
...11*
■25
8
753.
26
757
35
70U
620
31
10130
11:30-
12^301:30-
2*30-
After
School
Total
696
«fSt.
- Students
* T.
- Teachers
T.
.
18
TABIS 7
BOOKS WITHDRAWN BY STUDENTS IN THE BRINKLEI JUMIOR-SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL DURIHG 'THE WEEK, OCTOBER 21-25,
Books Withdrawn
Per Cent
Ion-Reserve
Reserve
Books
Books
Subject
Total
50
3
53
2.7
ko
6 '
us
2.1*
Religion
35
h
39
2.0
Social Scienee
ss
10
69
3.5
ieienee
320
20
3I4O
17 .it
Applied Science
175
15
190
9.7
■ 120
10
130
6.6
Literature
180
10
190
9.7
History
210
20
230
11.8
Biography
215
35
250
12.8
Fiction
Uoo
20
hzo
21.5
l,80U
153
1,957
100.0
General Works
Philosophy
Fine Arts
Total
•
19
Table ? shows the number of books withdrawn by students during
the week of October 21-25.-, 1?63 by subject.
culated than any other kinds of books.
More fiction books cir
In the subject areas,
and applied science books circulated most.
science
History, literature and
biography circulated more whereas, philosophy and religion circulated
least (see Table 7).
A total of 1,95? books circulated during the week of October 21-25,
1963 in the Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library.
The following
classes of books had the highest percentage of circulations?
Fiction U20
or 21.5 per cent, science 3k® or 17.H per cent, biography 250 or 12.8
per cent and history 230 or 11.8 per cent (see Table 7).
Books are loaned for one hour, over night and ■ for seven and lU-day
periods.
Reference books are used in the library only, except when
special permission is granted teachers to use them in classrooms*
Re
serve books may be borrowed for one period during the day to be used in
the library, and may be borrowed during the last period of the following
school day.
Fiction books are circulated for Ik days and non-fiction
books are circulated for seven days.
Magazines may be used in the li
brary or borrowed for overnight use and returned the following school
day,
Filmstrips and other library materials are circulated only to
teachers in the classrooms.
The amount and types of materials withdrawn by teachers during the
week of October 21-25 are shown in Table 8.
Fiisstrips, non-fiction
books, and recordings were used mostly for classroom collections (see
Table 8),
Fiction books and globes were used least.
The fiction and
non-fiction books were withdrawn mostly for use other than the classroom
20
whereas, pamphlets and recordings were used more within the school.
According to Table 8, the teachers borrowed more fiction, non-fiction books
and magazines for their personal needs and interests than for classroom
use
TABLE 8
MiTERIALS WITHDRAWN BI TEACHERS II THE BRINKLSY JUNIOR-SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL DURING THE MEEK, OCTOBER 21-25,
Types of Materials
For Classroom
Collection
For Use Other Than
Classroom Collection
Fiction Books
10
12S
Non-Fiction Books
75
100
Magazines
60
90
Pamphlets
60
30
Recordings
75
10
Globes
20
Filmstrips
175
Total
•
•
»
•
•
0
355
Library Service to Students
The librarian participates in the reading program through in
formal conferences, planned group projects, conversations with pupils,
effective publicity and displays, and through guided activities.
She
aids pupils in finding reading materials for their needs and interests,
creates a favorable reading atmosphere, encourages the extension of their
reading interests and tries to develop in pupils good reading habits.
21
She sponsors the Library Club, composed of student assistants,
which has a membership of 2$.
The purposes of the club are to acquaint
pupils with the library program, their duties as pupil assistants, and to
arouse further interest in books, reading and the library profession.
The club meets twice per month.
Club members read shelves, become
familiar with library resources, their location and how to use them,
compose bulletin boards, and give book talks.
During Book Week the
Library Club sponsors an assembly program, discusses library services
and gives a book review daily over the inter-corn system so that the entire
student body may benefit*
minutes.
This presentation lasts only from eight to ten
In addition, the Club with the guidance of the librarian, com
piled a handbook for students on the use of the library and mimeographed
copies were distributed among students.
The librarian orientates seventh graders, gives library in
structions two times per week utilizing lectures, films, and library tours,
for a period, of 30 minutes each.
This service lasts for one month.
librarian attempts to motivate pupils by reviewing books
book displays.
The
and arranging
Lists of new titles and at least one book review are
published monthly in the school's newspaper.
Library Service to Teachers
The librarian processes new materials for the library and makes
lists of all new books.
The lists of new books, arranged by subject
are given to each teacher.
This enables the teachers to know exactly
what new materials have been added to the library in the various subject
fields.
The librarian also issues a monthly bulletin to all teachers at
22
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School.
The bulletin includes a list of all
materials which have come into the library during the past month.
The librarian encourages and attempts to motivate teachers to
use the library resources as she compiles booklists, suggests supple
mentary books for units of study, gives book reports, and meets with
faculty groups to discuss ways by which library materials may be inte
grated with textbook materials.
In faculty meetings, the librarian calls attention to new materials
which have come into the library on specific subjects.
She arranges for
classroom collection loans when requested by teachers*
When a teacher
plans to teach a unit which requires a temporary classroom collection,
she discusses it with the librarian in advance s© that the librarian
has time to arrange for this service.
Each classroom has built-in shelves
for books, but Brinkley1s library does not provide any permanent class
room collections.
Materials may be borrowed from the central library
collection for a specific teaching purpose.
They are immediately re
turned, after the unit or teaching purpose is completed.
The findings from the questionnaires answered by the 66 teachers
revealed that $9 or 90 per' cent of the teachers reported that they are
'•very well11' informed about materials in their fields and the others,
or 10 per cent are "well" informed.
seven
It also revealed that 63 or 95 per
cent of the teachers discuss materials with the librarian before beginning
a unit, and 'are acquainted with the library's resources, their arrange
ment and use.
The findings revealed that all of the teachers participate
in book selection (see Appendix A).
In turn the librarian revealed from
responses to the questionnaire that she is very well inf onried about the
23
school's curriculum and she encourages teachers to discuss with her their
units and the materials needed before they begin teaching them.
In
addition, she revealed that she encourages all teachers to teach library
skills in each class as needed, and always informs the teachers of new
materials and plans with them a flexible schedule so that all classes
will be able to use the library (see Appendix B).
Summary
The Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library is centrally lo
cated at the extreme end of the north wing of the school building with
respect to the main corridors, and is used for library purposes only.
Admission to the library is by permits and it is open daily from 8s00 a.m.
to Jj, sOO p.m.
Library attendance by students and teachers is commendable,
A
record of attendance was kept for a typical week revealed that 600 to 757
students attended the library daily with a total of 1,200 for the week.
The record also revealed that 25 to kk different teachers visited the
library daily and that the individual faculty attendance for the week was
60.
During the week of October 21-25, 19&3, *^e library circulated
1,957 books.
Biography, fiction, history and science had the highest
percentage of circulation.
Fiction books are circulated for lU days and
non-fiction books ares circulated for seven days.
According to the cir
culation record, the teachers borrowed more fiction, non-fiction books and
magazines for their personal needs and interests than for classroom
collections.
24
Brinkley's librarian performs many library services to students.
She serves as reader's advisor, aids pupils in finding reading materials
for their needs and interests, creates a favorable reading atmosphere,
encourages the extension of their reading interests, tries to develop in
pupils good reading habits, sponsors a Library Club, orientates seventh
graders by giving library instructions, and motivates pupils through re
viewing books, and arranging book displays.
The librarian's service to teachers includes:
a list of all
new books, arranged by subject is given to each teacher and a monthly
bulletin which lists all new materials.
The librarian compiles book
lists, suggests supplementary books for units of study, meets with
faculty groups to discuss ways by which materials may be integrated with
textbook materials, and arranges for classroom collections when re-
guested by teachers.
The library does not provide permanent classroom
collections, but materials may be borrowed from the central library
collection for specific teaching purposes.
The active cooperation of
the teachers with the librarian in planning, selecting materials and
utilizing the services of the library seems to be approaching the ideal,
according to the responses of the teachers from a questionnaire.
CBAFTiR III
THE MATERIAL COLLECTION'
?■■■
In the Brinkley library, materials are purchased annually and
considerable effort is made toward bringing the materials up to national
standards.
The local Board of Education is continuously increasing the
budget yearly and more money is being alloted for audio-visual materials
and periodicals.
Books are catalogued, classified and arranged on open shelves
according to the Devey Decimal System.
A card catalog of k° drawers
with author, subject, and title cards is maintained along with an up-todate shelf list and an accession record.
Books that are circulated outside the library are kept on open
shelves in the reading room.
Reference and reserve books are shelved
in the workroom and are easily visible from the charging desk by means
of a glass panel which separates the two areas from the workroom.
Periodicals are organized to facilitate use.
Current issues are
displayed in the reading room and back issues are shelved in the work
room.
A record is kept of all periodicals received.
Recordings and vertical file materials are processed, stored in a
cabinet and housed in the workroom.
The Jackson Public School system
maintains a centrally located film library from which films are loaned
to all of the schools in the system, consequently the Brinkley School does
not purchase films.
25
26
Book Collection
The books in the Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library have
been selected to meet the curricular needs of the school and the personal
interests and needs of the pupils which follow recommendations found in
t^e Mississippi School Library Handbook;
The book collection shall consist of suitable
books and other printed materials to supple
ment the program of studies and suitable
books for reference and recreational reading.
The books shall be adapted to the age and
reading interests of the children.1
The Mississippi Accrediting Commission accredits high schools on
three levels, class "A", "B", and "Cn.
These ratings are based upon
the school plant and equipment, library materials, classroom supplies,
teachers1 loads and qualifications of the school personnel.
Schools
accredited with an "A" rating have met the highest standards required
by the Commission;
»B" and "CM ratings reveal the middle and lowest
standards for accreditation.
The state standards require four books
per child for class "A" school;three books per child for class "B"
schools and two books per child for a class "C school.
Brinkley*s
library has 8,631, or five books per pupil, enough to meet the require
ments for class "A" school and to satisfy the Southern Association's
requirements.
The number of books per child does not meet the number
of books recommended on the national level which is 10.^
James Milton Tubb, Mississippi School Library Handbook (Jackson:
State Department of Education, I963), p. 8.
2Ibid♦. p. 16
3
Standards for School Library Programs, op. cit.. p. 77-
27
Brinkley has one unabridged dictionary, 70 abridged dictionaries
and two sets each of three children's encyclopedias as well as two sets
each of two more advanced ones.
The junior high school department has more books than the senior
high (see Table 9).
The librarian keeps a list of junior and senior high
school books in separate files.
It indicates that the social sciences,
history and science collections are largest.
There is a total of 8,631
books in both the junior and senior high school departments.
per cent is in the subject areas of:
The largest
history 2,266 or 26;3 per cent,
fiction 1,855 or 21.5 per cent, science 1,155 or 13*4 P©r cent, and
literature l,0l6 or 11.8 per cent.
TABLE 9
DISTRIBUTION OF BOOKS BY SUBJECT AND CLASS IN THE BRIMLEY
JUNIOR-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL, I963
Subject and Class
Number of Books
Junior
Senior
High
High
Number
000 General Works
98
172
270
3.1
100 Philosophy
59
43
102
1.2
200 Religion
92
30
122
1.4
300 Social Science
342
202
574
6.7
400 Language
133
93
226
2.6
500 Science
830
325
1.155
13.4
600 Useful Arts
307
348
J>55
7.6
700 Fine Arts
226
144
370
4.3
Total
.
Per Cent
800 Literature
•
466
550
1,016
11.8
900 History
1.314
952
2,266
26.3
Fiction
947
908
l,8«^
21. 5
L.B6L
q.767
8.6qi
100.0
Total
28
Audio-Visual Materials
Filmstrips, flat pictures, globes, maps and recordings are the
types of audio-visual materials contained in the library.
215 filmstrips housed in the library.
There are
They deal with fine arts, history,
language, literature, science, social seiWiee and tt;e useful arts.
In
the library there is also a collection of about 100 pictures which are
reproductions and are used to stimulate art appreciation.
The library
has a collection of 205 recordings of holiday celebrations, drama,
historic events, music and poetry.
There are 50 maps and 10 globes which
are a part of the library's collection.
These are circulated to the
classrooms upon request.
Filmstrips and recordings are selected from the following sources?
annotated lists from producers and recording agencies, reviews from pro
fessional magazines, and the Filmstrip Guide.
Maps and globes are
selected from school supply catalogs .
Periodicals
Brinkley's library subscribed to 91 periodicals which provide
resource material for eurricular as well as special interest activities.
Since magazines constantly furnish new and inviting material, they have
proved an unfailing means of attracting and keeping the interest of
students and teachers in the library.
Periodicals were once regarded as
supplementary material which was desirable if the budget could be stretched
Filmstrip Guide (New York:
H. W. Wilson Company, (1925-) .
29
to include them.
Now they are considered an integral and invaluable part
of the school library collection.
Table 10 consists of the titles of magazines held by the Brinkley
library and an indication as to whether or not they are included in the
Abridged Readers' Guide and recommended by Martin.
A total of 2}4
TABLE 10
THE NUMBER OF MAGAZINES SUBSCRIBED TO ttilCE ARE INDEXED US THE
ABRIDGED READE3S' GUIDE AMD RECOMMENDED BY MARTIN
1963-196U
Indexed in Abridged
Names of Magazines
American Girl
Readers' Guide
•
•
American Homes
X
Americans
X
*
Recommended by Martin
• • •
•
•
•
X
Art News
•
•
♦
•
•
•
Athletic Journal
•
•
•
•
•
•
Atlantic Monthly
X
•
• • •
Better Homes and Gardens
X
•
•
•
Boys' Life
•
«
9
•
•
•
Galling All Girls
•
•
•
•
»
•
X
X
Changing Times
Cleaning House
•
•
•
X
Congressional Digest
•
•
•
X
Mademoiselle
X
•
•
Mississippi School Library Handbook, op. cit., p. 5° •
•
TABLE 10—Continued
Names of Magazines
Indexed in Abridged
Readers' Guide
HecoBimended by Martin
McCall's
X
Men's Wear
X
Music Journal
X
National Geographic
X
Nation's School
X
Nature Magazine
X
Natural History
X
Negro Digest
X
Newsweek
X
Personnel and Guidance
•
•
•
X
Parent's Magazine
X
X
Poetry
X
X
Popular Photography
X
Popular Science
X
Public Affairs Pamphlets
X
Reader's Digest
Safety Education
Saturday Evening Post
X
Saturday Review
X
Scholastic Coach
X
X
Science Digest
Consumers' Research
Bulletin
X
X
31
TABLE 10--Continued
Names of Magazines
Indexed in Abridged
Headers'
Guide
X
Current History
Recommended by Martin
•
•
•
•
«
•
Current Biography
•
•
Educational Digest
•
• •
X
Electronics World
•
•
•
X
English Journal
•
•
•
X
•
X
Field and Stream
•
• ♦
•
•
Flying
•
•
•
Forecast for Home Economists
•
•
•
X
Glamour
•
*
•
X
Good Housekeeping
• • •
•
• • •
Harper's Magazine
X
•
Holiday
X
• • »
House Beautiful
X
Ideals
•
Industrial Arts and
Vocational Education
Journal of Health Physical
Education and Recreation
Journal of Home Economics
X
• •
a
•
Life
X
Senior Scholastic
(Teachers' Edition)
X
•
•
X
x
X
•
X
• •
Ladies' Home Journal
Look
•
•
• •
X
•
•
•
X
•
•
•
X
•
•
•
TABLE 10—Continued
Names of Magazines
School Arts
Indexed in Abridged
Readers' Guide
•
Recommended by Martin
X
• •
Science Nev?sletter
X
•
•
•
Scientific American
X
•
•
•
Seventeen
♦
•
•
X
Simplicity Patterns
•
• •
X
Social Studies
•
•
X
•
X
Sports Illustrated
X
Time
X
Travel
X
X
Today's Health
X
X
Today's Secretary
X
X
U. S. News and World Report
X
• • •
Vital Speeches of the Day
X
X
Vogue
X
What's New in Home Economics
•
•
X
Writer
•
•
• •
•
•
•
•
•
■
•
•
•
magazines or 48.4 per cent of Brinkley's are indexed in the Abridged
Readers'
and 39 or 42.9 per cent were recommended by Martin
Readers' Guide.1
Guide,
(see Table 10) .
^"Abridged Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature (New York:
H. ¥. Wilson Company, 1900-) .
Laura K. Martin, Magazines for School Libraries (New York:
K. W. Wilson Company, i960).
33
In addition to these periodicals, the library subscribed to six
professional library magazines:
Library Journal.
3
the A. L. A. Bulletin.
Subscription Books Bulletin.
Wilson Library Bulletin.
k
1
2
The Booklist.
Top of the News,
5
and the
6
The library also subscribes to six newspapers:
The Clarion
Ledger,, and Ja.eks.on. Daily News are local dailies; The Jackson Advocate
and The Jackson Times are local Negro weeklies.
The New York Times has
world coverage and so does the Times Picayune which is published in New
Orleans.
Pamphlets
Pamphlets are inexpensive and often free and as reference aids
are invaluable.
In many instances, students can get the most up-to-date
material on all questions of the day from files of newspaper clippings,
and well chosen collections of magazines and pamphlets.
200 pamphlets cover a variety of subjects:
7
science, literature, history.
American Library Association Bulletin (Chicago:
Association, 1907-).
2
The. Booklist (Chicago:
3
The libraryfs
American Library
American Library Association, 1905-) •
Library Journal (Philadelphia:
H. R. Bowker Company, I876-).
4
Subscriptipn Book Bulletin (Chicago:
American Library Association,
1934-) •
Top of the News (Chicago:
American Library Association, 1944-)•
Wilson Library Bulletin (New York:
7
H. W. Wilson Company, 1914-)•
Mississippi School Library Handbook.* op. cit., p. 53•
34
fine arts, religion,
language, useful arts and philosophy.
The librarian
has an index on file for these pamphlets which is kept up-to-date.
It
is recommended that the collection should be "fairly extensive consisting
of up-to-date and useful materials on a wide range of subjects."
Special Collection
Brinkley's library has a collection of 60 periodicals and 100
books for its faculty.
To supplement these materials there are pro
fessional books and magazines located in the office of the Director of
Colored Schools.
The library does not borrow professional materials for
the teachers, this must be done by the individual teacher.
Summary
Library materials are purchased annually in the Brinkley JuniorSenior High School library.
The librarian purchases books, equipment and
supplies twice per year; however, incidental materials may be purchased
throughout the year as needed.
Books are catalogued, classified and
arranged on open shelves according to the Dewey Decimal System.
The
library has 8,631 books, including 100 for special faculty use, one
abridged dictionary, ?0 unabridged dictionaries and an ample collection
of encyclopedias.
Audio-visual materials include 215 filmstrips on various subjects
and films may be borrowed from a central collection of the Jackson Public
School system.
In addition, the library has a collection of 205 re
cordings, 50 maps, 10 globes and 200 pamphlets.
The librarian has an
index on file for these pamphlets which is kept up-to-date.
•••Norms 0. Ireland, The Panmhlet File in School. College and Public
Libraries (Boston:
F. W. Faxon, 1954). p. !•
35
The library subscribed to 91 periodicals which provide resource
material for students and faculty.
Six professional library magazines,
and six newspapers, complete the collection.
To supplement the pro
fessional materials there are professional books and magazines in the
office of the Director of Colored Schools.
CHAFTHa IV
STAFF AMD FACILITIES
Staff
The staff of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School Library consists
of one full-time librarian, one full-time clerical assistant whose
major job is typing and performing other clerical duties, and 24 student
assistants.
Each assistant serves three hours per week in the library
and there is an aecuinlated total of 72 student work hours weekly in the
library.
The assistants perform such tasks as charging books and other
materials, shelf reading, filing, pasting pockets and date due slips,
and stamping ownership on materials.
Students assistants are selected
from grades eight through 12, by the following criteria:
(a) satisfactory
school work, (b) interest and aptitude for library work, (e) free periods
and (d) acceptable personal qualifications.
neither paid nor given any credit.
The student assistants are
They are given recognition for ser
vices rendered in the form of an award or a school letter on Achievement
Day at the end of the school term.
It is the responsibility of the librarian to select, order, process
and make accessible to pupils and teachers all library materials.
In
addition to these duties, she is responsible for training pupil assistants,
promoting the library's program through various means of publicity, and
for cooperation with the teachers and acquainting pupils with the effective
use of the library.
She also serves as readers1 advisor.
37
The one full-time librarian of the Brinkley Junior-Senior High
School library does not meet national standards for staff requirements
which specify that:
For the first 900 students or major
fraction thereof:
1 librarian for
each 300 students.
For each addition
al 400 students or major fraction there
of:
1 librarian and 1 clerk for each
600 students.1
In order to meet the national standards, the Brinkley Junior-Senior High
School with an enrollment of 1,615 would need five trained librarians
and two clerical assistants.
The one clerk and full-time librarian do meet the standards of
the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and the state of
Mississippi.
The professional preparation of Brinkley's librarian meets
national, state and regional requirements.
She graduated from Jackson
State College and holds the master of library service degree from the
Atlanta University School of Library Service.
She has had ten years of
school library experience and the past five of these were spent in the
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library.
Budget
The Jackson Board of Education provides annually for the purchase,
repair and rebinding of library materials, and for the purchase of library
equipment and supplies.
The amount of money allocated to the library is
based upon the school's enrollment.
For the school year of 1963-64, the
American Library Association: American Association of School
Standards for School Library Programs (Chicago: American Library
Association, i960), ?• 25.
38
Brinkley High School Library budget was $5,523.02 or $3.41 per pupil
(see Table 11).
The total amount spent for materials was $3,423.22
which averaged $2.15 per pupil.
TABLE 11
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES FOR BOOKS, MAGAZINES,
NEWSPAPERS, PAMPHLETS, AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS
SUPPLIES AMD EQUIPMENT, I963-I964
Materials
Expenditures
Audio-Visual Materials
$430.60
Books
2,660.39
Periodicals and Pamphlets
333«83
Supplies and Equipment
2,099.80
Total
$5,523.02
When the allocation is made for the school, the principal in
forms the librarian of her share.
Records of expenditures are kept in
the librarian's and principal's offices and also in the office of the
Board of Education's
central purchasing department.
1
Physical Facilities
The library is centrally located with respect to the school's
main corridors on the ground floor.
It is attractively designed and is
apparently adequately equipped with fluorescent lights and an accoustically
treated ceiling.
The reading room is 82 feet wide and has a seating
capacity of 128 which adequately accommodates the school's enrollment of
1,615.
The dark green tiled floors and white Venetian blinds add to the
Interview with Mrs. Cozetta ¥. Buckley, Librarian, Brinkley
Junior-Senior High School, April 10, 1964.
39
general appearance and comfort of the well-lighted room.
The walls are
mint green with one giant oil painting located above the charging desk
facing the reading room.
There are two large plants beautifully dis
played in the reading room.
All of the library furniture is modern and
of light oak color.
Adjoining the reading room are two conference rooms which are each
14 feet long and 14 feet wide.
These rooms are used for conferences by
faculty groups, faculty and student groups, and the librarian and
student assistants groups.
They are equipped with chairs and tables.
The work room is 15 feet long and 10 feet wide.
It is equipped with
shelving for books and periodical storage cabinets, one sink with running
water, a file cabinet, desks, two typewriters and the shelf list.
There
is also a sraall storage room which is nine feet long and nine feet wide.
Table 12 contains a listing of the library's equipment.
TABLE 12
LIBRARY EqpnMEHP
Equipment
Number
Magazine racks
Film Projectors
2
4
Tape Recorders
Filmstrip Projectors
Films trip Depositors
Cabinets for Records
3
2
2
2
Record Players
Bulletin Boards
Vertical Files
Tables
Chairs
Card Catalog Trays
Desk for Librarians
Book Trucks
Filnistrip Cabinets
Dictionary Stands
Atlas Stands
Electrical Outlets
8
5
1
32
128
50
2
2
1
2
1
10
40
TABLE 12—Continued
Equipment
Number
Sink with Running Water.
...
1
File Cabinets
Paper Gutter
3
1
Newspaper Racks.
Charging Desks
2
1
Stools
Display Stands
Waste Cans
Typewriters
2
1
1
2
Summary
The staff of Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library consists
of one full-time librarian and one full-time clerical assistant.
There
are 24 student assistants who are selected by the librarian, from grades
eight through 12, on the basis of satisfactory school work, aptitude
for library work, free periods, and their personal qualifications.
They
are not paid for service rendered, but are given recognition in the form
of an award.
The student assistants serve an accumulated total of 72
hours weekly in the library.
They perform such duties as charging books
and other materials, shelf reading, filing, pasting pockets and date due
slips, and stamping library ownership on materials.
The librarian selects,
orders, processes and makes accessible to library clientele all library
materials.
The professional preparation of Brinkley's librarians meets
state, regional and national standards.
But the American Library
Association recommends far more than one full-time librarian and a clerk
for a school with an enrollment of 1,615.
The staff does, however, satisfy
state and regional requirements for accreditation.
The Board of Education of the Jackson Public School system provides
annually a budget for the purchase, repair and rebinding of library
41
materials, and for the purchase of library equipment and supplies.
The
amount of money allocated to the library is based upon the school's en
rollment.
The library budget for 1963-1964 was $5,523-02, and of this
sum $2,099.50 was spent for equipment.
The library is spacious,
attractively designed and apparently
adequately equipped with flourescent lights
ceiling.
and accoustically treated
It has a seating capacity of 128 \irhich adequately accommodated
the school's enrollment of 1,615.
Adjoining the reading room are two conference rooms which are
adequate in size, and each room is equipped with an oblong table and
12 chairs.
These rooms are used for conferences by faculty groups,
faculty and student groups, and the librarian and student assistant
groups.
The workroom is equipped with shelving for books and periodical
storage cabinets, a sink with running water, a file cabinet, two desks,
two typewriters, and two chairs.
In addition, there is a small storage
room nine feet long and nine feet wide.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION©
The purpose of this study was to survey the services, materials and
facilities of the Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library in Jackson,
Mississippi.
Jackson is the capitol of Mississippi, ana in i960 had a
population of 144.422 and 51,553 or 35-7 per cent was non-white. The city
is located in the central part of the state.
The major occupations in
Jackson are related to wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, education
al institutions and personal service.
The great majority of the non-whites
are employed in personal service and construction work.
The educational
level and family income of the two races vary greatly.
The median school
years completed for the non-whites was 7.6 and for whites 12.1.
The
median family income for the non-whites in i960, was $2,6o6.OO and for
whites, it was $5,216.00.
Brinkley Junior-Senior High School was completed in i960, and
was designed to accommodate approximately 1,400 pupils, but the enrollment
for the 1963-1964 school year was 1,615.
The school is accredited with
an "A" rating by both the state of Mississippi and the Southern Association
of Colleges and Schools.
Presently, the school is somewhat over-crowded.
The methods used for securing data for this study included a
study of the literature written on high school libraries, personal
observation, questionnaires, interviews with the school principal, the
42
43
librarian, and various types of reports.
A questionnaire was sent to the
66 teachers to secure data concerning their use of the library and their
evaluation of its facilities and services.
The library is centrally located in the school and is open daily
from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
only.
The library is used for library purposes
Admission to the library is by permits indicating that the students
have been excused from the classroom to use the library for a specific
purpose.
Library attendance by both students and teachers is commendable.
Books are loaned for one hour, over night and for seven and 14-day
periods.
Reference books are used in the library except when special
permission is granted to teachers to take them to the classroom.
Fiction
books are circulated for 14 aays and non-fiction books are circulated for
seven days.
The librarian performs many services.
She serves as readers'
advisor, aids pupils in finding reading materials for their needs and
interests, sponsors the Library Club, orientates seventh graders by
giving library instructions and motivates pupils through reviewing books
and arranging book displays.
The findings from the questionnaires revealed that all of the
teachers in the school are well informed about materials in their
field, and a great majority of them claimed to be "very well" informed.
It also revealed that 63 or 95 per cent of the teachers discuss materials
with the librarian before beginning a unit, and are very well acquainted
with the library's resources, their arrangement and use.
teachers actively aid in materials selection.
All of the
The librarian is very well
informed about the school's curriculum and encourages teachers to discuss
with her their units and the materials needed before they begin teaching
them, which they do.
She attends teachers' meetings and offers,
tinually, bibliographic and consultant service to teachers.
con
The librarian
always teaches the use of the library to students who are new to the school,
and encourages all teachers to teach library skills in each class as
needed.
In addition, the librarian always informs the teachers of new
materials and plans a flexible schedule so that all classes will be able
to use the library.
Books are ordered once per year and equipment and supplies are
purchased twice per year,
the school year as needed.
but incidentals are purchased throughout
The library has a collection of 8,631 books,
one unabridged dictionary, 70 abridged dictionaries,
eight sets of
encyclopedias, 215 filmstrips, 200 pamphlets, 50 maps, 10 globes, and
205 recordings.
It subscribes to 91 periodicals, six professional
library magazines, and six newspapers.
To supplement these materials
there are professional books and magazines in the office of the Director
of Colored Schools which teachers may borrow.
The library staff consists of one full-time librarian, one fulltime clerical assistant, and 24 student assistants.
The student assistants
are selected by the librarian from grades eight through 12, on the basis
of satisfactory school work, interest and aptitude for library work,
free periods and their personal qualifications.
They are neither paid
for their services rendered nor given any credit, but are given recognition
in the form of awards or school letters.
The professional preparation
of Brinkley's librarian meets state, regional and national standards.
The library staff satisfies state and regional requirements for accreditation.
45
But, the American Library Association recoraraends more professional help
in a school of this size.
The Board of Education of the Jackson Public School provides
annually a budget for the purchase, repair, and rebinding of library
materials, and for the purchase of library equipment and supplies.
amount of money allocated is based on the school's enrollment.
The
The
library budget for I963-I964 was $5,523.00 which averaged $3.41 per
pupil.
The materials budget was $3,423.22 which averaged $2.15 Per
pupil.
The Brinkley Junior-Senior High School library is spacious,
attractively designed and adequately equipped.
The reading room is 82
feet in length and width, with a seating capacity of 128.
The library
quarters and facilities are adequate and meet both the state and regional
standards.
This study has revealed that the Brinkley Junior-Senior High
School library is making every possible effort to meet the needs of this
faculty and students.
Its staff, collection, budget and services not
only meet but in most instances exceed the minimum standards as recommended
by the state of Mississippi and the Southern Association of Colleges and
Schools.
The American Library Association's recommendations lean more
toward the ideal, and it is gratifying to discern indications of this
library striving toward these goals.
One more professional librarian
and continual substantial increases in the library's budget are highly
recommended.
APPENDIX A
QUESTIONNAIRE TO TEACHERS
1.
How well informed are you about library materials in your field:
Very well
Well
2.
.
Poorly
.Not at all
Do you plan your class work and schedules so that the students
will have an opportunity to work effectively in the library?
Always
3.
Fairly well
Sometimes
Never
Do you discuss materials with the librarian before beginning a
unit?
Always
4.
Sometimes
Never
How well are you acquainted with the resources of the library,
their arrangement and use?
Very well
5.
Fairly well
Poorly
Do you participate in book selection for the school library?
Always
Seldom
Never
APPENDIX B
QUESTIONNAIRE TO THE LIBRARIAN
1.
How well are you informed about the school curriculum and the units
taught at the various grade levels?
Very well
__>*ell
-
Fairly well
Not at all
2.
Do you encourage teachers to discuss with you their units and the
materials needed before they begin teaching them? —.Yes
No
3.
If your answer is "Yes" to question 2, about how many teachers
actually do this consistently?
0-4
10-15
e_a
4.
6.
oO-and over
Do you inform teachers of new materials received?
Often
Seldom
.Never
Do you encourage all teachers to teach library skills in each class
as needed?
.Yes
No
If your answer to question 5 is "Yes,« about how many teachers do
you think actually do this?
0-4
Please checks
10-15
ca
7
k°~59
20-39
Always
5.
Please check:
20-39
&°-59
60-and over
Do you plan flexible schedule so that all classes will be able to
use the library?
Yes
No If "Yes," how often is a
single class scheduled to
use the library?
Please check:
Daily
Z
8.
Once per week
two weeks
Once per month or year
Do you teach the use of the library to students who are new to the
school?
Always
Sometimes
47
Never
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
American Library Association.
American Association of School Libraries.
Standards for School Library Programs.
Library Association, 19&0.
Basic Book Collection for High Schools.
Chicago:
American
Compiled by a Joint Committee of
the American Library Association and National Education Associa
tion.
Chicago:
American Library Association, 1959-
Fargo, Lucille F. The Library in the School.
American Library Association, 1947*
4*^ ed.
Chicago:
Henne, Frances, Ersted, Ruth and Lohrer, Alice •&. A Planning Guide for
the High School Library Program.
Chicago:
American Library
Association, 1962.
Ireland, Norma Olin.
Libraries.
The Pamphlet File in School. College and Public
Boston:
F. tf. Faxon, 1954•
Jackson Municipal Separate School District, Administration Service Hand
book.
Jackson:
Martin, Laura K.
Jackson Board of Education, 1963.
Magazines for School Libraries,
H. W. Wilson Company, i960.
rev. ed.
New York:
Mississippi Accrediting Association Commission, Standards for Mississippi
Accrediting Association.
Jackson:
State Department of Education,
1952.
Report of Self Evaluating Committee on Evaluation Criteria. Brinkle_v
School.
Volume I, Jackson:
The Faculty,
Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Principles and Standards
of the Commission., pn_Secondary Schools. Nashville:
Commission
Secondary Schools, 19^3 •
Standard Catalog for High School Libraries.
Company, 1957-19^1 •
Tubb, James Milton.
New York:
H. W. Wilson
Mississippi School Library. Handbpgk.
State Department of Education, 1963.
48
Jackson:
49
Articles and Periodicals
Abridged...H'wflffl'1 "w^a to Periodical _LliLera±u£e,.
New York:
H. W.
Wilson Company, 1900-.
"Jackson."
The World Book^Encyclopedia. 1963 ed., Vol. XI.
Suggested, List of Book? for Mississippi High Schools..
Jackson:
State
Department of Education, 1958•
Public Document
U. S. Bureau of the Census.
i960.
TMffV-.tA«ntfr Census of the United
Population. General Characteriatiea of Mississippi
Washington-.
Government Printing Office, 19°1.
Report
to the. Citizens of Jackson.Jissjs.sjp^l.
City of Jackson,
*
Jackson:
The
Unpublished Material.
Buchannan, Matylde. "A Survey of Two Public High School Libraries, in
Jackson, Mississippi." Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 1955•
Daniels, Blanche. "A Survey of the Rochelle High School Library,
Lakeland, Florida." Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 19&0.
Epps, Helen Reese. "A Survey of Library Facilities and Services in
the Lumber City High School, Lumber City, Georgia, 1954-1955."
Unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library Service,
Atlanta University, 1955*
Home, Juanita. "A Survey of the Jewitt High School Library, Winter
Haven, Florida." Unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library
Service, Atlanta University, 1959•
Hooper, Doris. "A Survey of the L. B. Landy High School Library, New
Orleans, Louisiana." Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 195^
Jackson, Willie Kate.
"A Survey of the Rebecca Comer Vocational School
Library, Eufaula, Alabama."
Unpublished Master's thesis,
School of Library Service, Atlanta University, 1958*
50
Miller, Ollie Gertrude.
"A Survey of Two Public High School Libraries
in Columbia, South Carolina."
Unpublished Master's thesis,
School of Library Service, Atlanta University, 1954*
Neeley, Mable Harris.
"A Survey of Two School Libraries in Jefferson
County, Alabama."
Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 1954*
Rabb, Bernice.
"A Survey of the Brewer High School Library, Greenwood,
South Carolina."
Unpublished Master's thesis, School of Library
Service, Atlanta University, 1958.
Reeves, Celestine McCord.
"A Survey of Two Public High School Libraries
in Birmingham, Alabama." Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University, 1954»
Robinson, Nancy.
"A Survey of the Brewer High School Library and the
Barton County Library."
Unpublished Master's thesis, School of
Library Service, Atlanta University,
^
Other Sources
Interview with Mrs. Cozetta W. Buckley, Librarian, Brinkley Junior-Senior
High School, November 12, I963 and April 10, 1964.
Interview with Joseph Sutton, Principal, Brinkley Junior-Senior High
School, November 18, 1963.