Definition
D
s of Peerr Aggressiion and B
Bullying GRESSION PEER AGG
ggression invo
olves words tthat hurt and//or humiliatee, including bu
ut not limited
d to teasing, n
name Verbal Ag
calling, an
nd/or insulting. The follow
wing are categgories of verbbal aggression
n. 1. Ca
areless hurtfu
ul remarks ap
ppear to be th
houghtless ratther than maalicious; repettitive “carelesss hurtful remarkks” are probably not thougghtless, but inn fact may be “verbal or w
written te
easing/taunting.” 2. Verbal or writt
V
ten teasing/ta
aunting is the
e expression oof language w
which is delibeerately hurtfu
ul to a target’s feelings, and can either be made directly too the target o
or within his/h
her or other ch
hildren’s hearring or sight. 3. Verbal or writt
V
ten threats orr taunts are explicit remar ks threatenin
ng future harm
mful behaviorr. 4. En
ncouraging su
uch aggressio
on is also a type of verbal aaggression. Aggression in
nvolves physiccal actions thaat are hurtfull. The following are categories of physical Physical A
aggression. hysical threatts include phyysical gesture
es used to connvey to a targget that he/sh
he will be hurrt, 1. Ph
su
uch as but no
ot limited to raaising a clencched fist or drrawing a fingeer across the throat. 2. Ph
hysical harasssment involve
es physically touching a taarget in a hurttful way that is unlikely to caause injury, in
ncluding by not limited to pinching, pul ling off hats, grabbing boo
oks, and/or blocking one’s way. 3. Ph
hysical attackks include, bu
ut are not limited to, pushiing, shoving, kicking, hittin
ng, punching, or pinning down. aking or damaging someo
one’s propertyy is another foorm of physiccal aggression
n. 4. Ta
al Aggression involves convincing one’ss peers to excclude or reject certain perssons and cut tthem Relationa
off from ttheir social co
onnections. G BULLYING
Bullying is defined as tthe repeated use by one or more studeents of a writtten, verbal orr electronic ure or any combination thhereof, directeed at a victim
m that: (i) causses expression or a physicaal act or gestu
physical o
or emotional h
harm to the vvictim or dam
mage to the vi ctim’s properrty; (ii) placess the victim in
n reasonable fear of harm to himself or of damage
e to his propeerty; (iii) creattes a hostile eenvironment at on the rights of the victim at school; or (v) materiallyy and substan
ntially school forr the victim; (iv) infringes o
disrupts the education
n process or th
he orderly op
peration of a sschool. ed by an imbaalance of physsical, psychollogical, or em
motional poweer. Bullying iss characterize
CYBER‐BULLYING Cyber‐bullying is defined as bullying through the use of technology or any electronic communication, which shall include, but shall not be limited to, any transfer of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data or intelligence of any nature transmitted in whole or in part by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, photo electronic or photo optical system, including, but not limited to, electronic mail, internet communications, instant messages or facsimile communications if they create any of the conditions outlined in the definition of bullying. Cyberbullying shall also include (i) the creation of a web page or blog in which the creator assumes the identity of another person or (ii) the knowing impersonation of another person as the author of posted content or messages. Cyberbullying shall also include the distribution by electronic means of communication to more than one person or the posting of material on an electronic medium that may be accessed by one or more persons, if the distribution or posting creates any of the conditions outlined in the definition of bullying. Cyber‐bullying can be as simple as continuing to send e‐mail to someone who has said they want no further contact with the sender, but it may also include threats, sexual remarks, racial remarks, ganging up on victims by making them the subject of ridicule in forums, and posting false statements as fact aimed at humiliation. Cyber‐bullies may also send threatening and harassing emails and instant messages to the victims, while others post rumors or gossip and instigate others to dislike and gang up on the target.