Protein Synthesis
An Overview
Protein Synthesis
- Central dogma of genetics - DNA stores genetic code necessary
for synthesizing all the different proteins in our body
- Each protein coded for by specific segment of DNA called gene
gene
DNA
Protein Synthesis
- DNA found in nucleus and proteins are constructed by
ribosomes in cytoplasm
- How do instructions get from the nucleus to ribosomes?
nucleus
DNA
nuclear membrane
cytoplasm
cell membrane
ribosomes
Protein Synthesis
- Code from DNA transcribed into molecules of mRNA
(messenger RNA) can translate the code into a protein.
- Ribosomes can translate genetic code into a protein
- mRNA moves into cytoplasm to meet ribosomes
DNA
Transcription
mRNA
protein
Translation
mRNA
Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis occurs in two steps:
Transcription
Translation
Transcription
DNA
mRNA
Translation
protein
Protein Synthesis
Let’s look a little closer
3´
DNA
5´
5´
A T G T C A CC G A A G CG T
T A C A G T GG C T T C GC A
3´
Transcription
mRNA 5´
U A C A G U GG C UU C GC A
Translation
protein
Tyr
Ser
Gly
Phe
Ala
3´