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Excel 2010
Charts & Graphs
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Voorwoord
Lesmateriaal behorende bij de serie Excel Topics.
Samen met het overig materiaal heeft u snel en duidelijk de mogelijkheden over
Excel grafieken of een ander specifiek onderwerp.
Willemstad, juli 2013
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Inhoudsopgave
blz
types of charts
area chart
bar chart
column graph
line chart
pie chart
XY chart
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
working with the Excel document
8
column charts
chart tools contextual
switching row and column
moving the chart to another worksheet
chart tools layout
adding
a title
a text box
data labels
axis title
grid lines
chart tools format
9
10
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
15
16
line charts
changing chart colors
pie charts
adding percentage
18
19
20
21
tweaking a chart
the one click chart
22
25
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Charts and Graphs in Excel 2010
June 2013
Using charts and graphs in Excel is an excellent way to communicate the
meaning of a group or series of numbers in a simple, visual way that makes
more sense to most people than looking at raw data.
Charts and graphs can be used to see how much your gas bill has changed over
a 12 month period, which salespeople are bringing in the most money, which
flavor of popsicle is most popular, and other numerical comparisons. Any range
of data input in Excel can be translated into a chart or graph, which can
especially useful when giving presentations in work situations. The concept
behind charts and graphs is that a picture is worth a thousand words; today we
will learn how to draw those pictures with Excel.
Types of Charts
Excel offers a variety of charts and most have several subtypes associated with
them. Be sure to choose the correct chart for the data in the spreadsheet.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Area
Bar
Column
Line
Pie
XY (Scatter gram)
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Area Chart
Area Chart
Area Charts show individual volume changes over time in relation to total volume or the
size of total change over a period of time. For example, data that represents profit over time
can be plotted in an area chart to emphasize the total profit.
Area Chart Subtypes:
• 2d and 3D Area graphs
• Stacked area and stacked area in 3-D
• 100% stacked area and 100% stacked area in 3-D
2-D area and 3-D area charts display the trend of values
over time or other category data. 3-D area charts use three
axes (horizontal, vertical, and depth) that can be modified.
As a rule, consider using a line chart instead of a non
stacked area chart, because data from one series can be
obscured by data from another series.
Stacked area and stacked area in 3-D – Stacked area
charts display the trend of the contribution of each value
over time or other category data. The 3-D version is
displayed in the same way but uses a 3-D perspective. A
3-D perspective is not a true 3-D chart; a third value axis
(depth axis) is not used.
100% stacked area and 100% stacked area in 3-D – 100%
stacked area charts display the trend of the percentage that
each value contributes over time or other category data. The
3-D version is displayed in the same way but uses a 3-D
perspective. A 3-D perspective is not a true 3-D chart; a third
value axis (depth axis) is not used.
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Pie Chart
Pie Chart
Pie Charts compare sizes of pieces as part of a whole.
Since Pie charts represent a percentage of a whole, only
one row or one column of a worksheet can be used.
Pie Chart Subtypes:
• Pie and pie in 3-D
• Pie of pie and bar of pie
• Exploded pie and exploded pie in 3-D
Pie and pie in 3-D ---Pie charts display the
contribution of each value to a total in a 2-D or 3-D
format. Slices of a pie chart can be pulled out
manually to emphasize the slices.
Pie of pie and bar of pie charts display pie charts
with user-defined values that are extracted from the
main pie chart and combined into a secondary pie
chart or into a stacked bar chart. These chart types
are useful for making small slices in the main pie
chart easier to distinguish.
Exploded pie and exploded pie in 3-D – Exploded
pie charts display the contribution of each value to a
total while emphasizing individual values. Exploded
pie charts can be displayed in 3-D. The pie
explosion settings can be changed for all slices and
individual slices, but the slices of an exploded pie
cannot be moved manually.
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Opening an Excel Document
1
2
3
Open Excel
Open the file excel_practice_file.xls
If necessary, click the yellow Enable Editing button at the top of the
Excel window
Navigate to the worksheet named romances, which lists the date for the number
of romance books circulated by each branch of the Heights Library System for a
one-week period. The days as well as the branches can be compared using
different charts. The data on this sheet is used to create the charts in the
following sections.
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Column Charts
1
Select columns A, B, C, D and E in rows, 3, 4 and 5
2
Go to the Insert tab • Charts group • Column command
3
Choose the first option under the heading 2-D Column
The chart appears on the same sheet on which the data is located.
Often, it appears on top of some of the data. To move the chart:
1
Click the edge of the window
2
When the 4-headed arrow appears, hold down the left mouse button and
drag the chart.
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Switching the Row and Column
To the left of the Chart Layouts group are the Data and Type groups. Using the
Data group, it is possible to switch rows and columns or choose different data.
Switching rows and columns can be useful in comparing the data in a different
way.
1
If necessary, click the chart to be formatted
2
Go to the Design sub tab • Data group • Switch Row/column command
NOTE: Some charts do not display correctly with the
columns and rows swapped.
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Adding a Title
A title can be added to the chart through the Layout sub tab • Labels group •
Chart Title command. Choose a location for the title, select the words Chart
Title, and type in a new title.
Adding a Text Box
1
2
3
Click the chart to be formatted
Go to the Layout sub tab • Insert group • Text Box
command
Click inside the chart where you want the box to appear; a text box is
inserted
•
•
Text boxes can be resized using the resizing circles on the border.
Text boxes can be moved to another location within the chart area by
clicking and dragging.
The small green circle at the top rotates the text box to a new angle.
•
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Changing Chart Colors
Charts can be customized by changing the colors of one or more elements.
NOTE: Changing a color on the chart is automatically reflected in the chart
key.
1
Select the Main line on the chart
2
Go to the Format sub tab • Current Selection
group • Format Selection command; the Format
Data Series dialog box opens, where the color,
style, and many other elements of each piece of the
chart can be changed
3
Click Marker Fill on the left side box
4
Click the Solid fill bullet in the Marker Fill section on the right
5
Click the Color arrow and select the dark red color
6
Click Close
NOTE: In a line chart, fill colors must be chosen for the marker and the line separately.
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Adding Percentages to a Pie Chart
Pie charts can be labeled with percentages so
that it’s clear how much of the pie each part
occupies.
1
If necessary, click on the chart to select it
2
Go to the Layout sub tab • Labels group • Data
Labels command
3
Choose More Data Label Options from the
drop-down list
4
In the Format Data Labels dialog box, click the
check box next to Percentage
5
Click to remove the check marks from the boxes next
to any other options (usually Value is the default)
6
Click Close
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Tweaking a Chart
Sometimes a chart needs to be tweaked to get the desired look. Following is a
common problem that arises:
1
Go to the genre circ worksheet
2
Select cells A2 to C10
3
Go to the Insert tab • Column Chart
4
Choose the first chart
The chart is treating the column containing the years as part of the data to be
plotted rather than as labels for the horizontal axis.
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The One-Click Chart
To create a chart with just one click, select the data to be included in the chart
and hit the F11 key on the keyboard; the chart should appear as a new sheet in
the workbook. Try it using the romances sheet:
1
2
Select rows 3 through 10, columns A through E
Press the F11 key on the keyboard; the chart is created on a new page
labeled Chart1
NOTE: If a Chart1 sheet already exists, the new chart is named by the next
available number.
Practice Exercises
1
2
Add a new sheet to the workbook
Create a spreadsheet for the
following data regarding how many
popsicles were sold over the summer
months
3
Grape
Cherry
Banana
Orange
June
July
229
380
120
256
380
430
487
400
August
269
501
643
520
Create a chart that shows the changes in popularity of popsicle flavors
over the 3-month period.
NOTE: Line charts are useful for showing change over time.
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