Ch 23 Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Why were many Americans committed to isolationism in the 1930s?
a. Most Americans were pacifists.
b. The Great Depression left no money to spend on the military.
c. Franklin D. Roosevelt was an isolationist.
d. The destruction of World War I had seemed pointless to them.
____
2. Although American officials were convinced that war with Japan was inevitable, they refused to fire the first
shot. One reason was probably that
a. Japan had the atomic bomb.
b. most Americans were pacifists and would never support any war.
c. President Roosevelt was a strict isolationist.
d. many Americans were isolationists and would not support a first strike.
____
3. Which of the following may have encouraged Hitler to begin taking control of neighboring countries?
a. the massacre in Nanjing
b. Japan’s successful attack on the United States
c. the League of Nations’ unwillingness to take action against territorial expansion by Japan or Italy
d. the Soviet support of the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War
“How horrible, fantastic, incredible it is that we should be digging trenches and trying on
gas masks here because of a quarrel in a faraway country.”
—Neville Chamberlain
____
4. This statement about German efforts to gain control of a portion of Czechoslovakia prior to World War II
hints at the prime minister’s support for what type of foreign policy?
a. interventionism
b. fascism
c. lend-lease
d. isolationism
____
5. Which of the following is true about the role American women played during World War II?
a. American women took the lead in organizing the Manhattan Project.
b. For the first time, American women were allowed to take part in combat.
c. To keep up with the demand for war supplies, millions of American women took industrial jobs that
had never been open to them before.
d. By the end of the war, two out of three generals in the U.S. Army were women.
____
6. Which of the following policies did isolationists favor?
a. appeasement
b. isolating Hitler in the Sudetenland
c. isolating Japan in Manchuria
d. combat roles for women
____
____
7. Which of the following was an essential component of fascism?
a. nationalism
b. anarchy
c. individualism
d. liberty and justice
8. Which policy was espoused by both liberals and conservatives in the United States before World War II?
a. militarism
b. pacifism
c. communism
d. isolationism
____
9. In 1939 what caused the prime minister of Great Britain to question the success of his policy of appeasement?
a. The fall of Poland suggested that Hitler would continue to attack neighboring nations.
b. Hitler attacked Norway and Denmark.
c. German U-boats sank the USS Kearny and the USS Reuben James.
d. A French resistance movement was well organized by the end of the year.
____ 10. Which man established a totalitarian regime in the Soviet Union?
a. Francisco Franco
b. Adolf Hitler
c. Benito Mussolini
d. Joseph Stalin
____ 11. Japan, Germany, and Italy formed an alliance called
a. the Fascist Nexus.
b. the Final Solution.
c. the Allies.
d. the Axis Powers.
____ 12. Why was the decision to allow Hitler to annex the Sudetenland popular in many parts of the world?
a. The Sudetenland was unpopulated.
b. The Sudetenland government had invaded Czechoslovakia.
c. Many people thought it would avoid another destructive war.
d. Most people believed all German-speaking people should be united in one country.
____ 13. Which event led to Germany’s control over France?
a. France had stationed too many of its forces in Poland.
b. French forces did not expect the Germans to attack through the Ardennes Forest.
c. For nearly a year Germany bombed Paris from the air.
d. The French were overwhelmed by the German Maginot Line.
Cause
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
Effect
____ 14. Which of the following best completes the diagram above?
a. The Army created the WAC.
b. The Atlantic Charter was signed.
c. Roosevelt asked Congress for a Declaration of War.
d. Germany and Italy declared war on the United States.
____ 15. Why was the United States unwilling to let Japan expand into Southeast Asia?
a. Japan was a racist nation.
b. The area contained valuable natural resources.
c. Japan was considered too popular in that part of the world.
d. Democracies flourished there.
____ 16. Which of the following U.S. responses to German aggression provided the most aid to Great Britain in the
early stages of World War II?
a. the Neutrality Act
b. the Wilkie Manifesto
c. the Lend-Lease Act
d. the Weimar Doctrine
____ 17. People who do not believe in using military force for any reason are known as
a. Communists.
b. pacifists.
c. Fascists.
d. isolationists.
____ 18. During World War II African Americans
a. served in large numbers in the U.S. armed forces and found employment in industrial jobs that had
earlier been denied to them.
b. marched on Washington, D.C., to protest the violent treatment they suffered during the zoot suit
riots.
c. were banned from serving in the U.S. armed forces.
d. joined with Mexican Americans to support isolationism through the Bracero Program.
Cause
Following World War I Germany was
forced to pay heavy reparations.
Effect
____ 19. Which of the following best completes the diagram?
a. the Weimar Republic was founded.
b. the League of Nations adopted a policy of appeasement.
c. Inflation caused many Germans to lose their life’s savings.
d. Mussolini exploited discontent to win a seat in parliament.
____ 20. The top-secret program to build an atomic bomb was called the
a. Manhattan Project.
b. Oppenheimer Project.
c. Operation Liberty.
d. Bracero Program.
Matching
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or person that matches each description. Some answer will
not be used.
a. Allies
d. Winston Churhill
b. Atlantic Charter
e. Manhattan Project
c. dictator
____
____
____
____
____
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Secret agreement between the United States and Great Britain.
Secret government program where the U.S. built an atomic bomb
Prime minister of Great Britain that opposed appeasement of Hitler.
Great Britain and France
Government by a leader who holds unchallenged power and authority
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or person that matches each description. Some answer will
not be used.
a. Benito Mussolini
d. Rosie the Riveter
b. blitzkrieg
e. cash-and-carry
c. Neutrality Act
____
____
____
____
____
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
known as lightning war. Germany’s technique of making war. very efficient
Policy that allowed countries at war to purchase American goods if they could pick them up.
Symbolized the contributions of working American women during World War II
Established a dictatorship in Italy
Meant to prevent the United States from being drawn into war
Short Answer
31. List at least one reason so many Americans favored a policy of isolationism. What policies enacted by
Congress showed America hoped to remain isolated from WWII? List at least two.
32. Identify and explain at least two changes in American society due to the mobilization of its economic and
military resources during World War II.