The Kingdom of Mali
traders brought
religion
influence on growth
of Mali
large group of camels
Arab Muslim traders
travelled to West Africa
Spread of
Islam
followers called Muslims
received
revelation from
Allah
wrote holy book
in Arabic
- the Qur'an
Camel Caravans
transport goods
and people
safety from
robbers
Sahara Desert, N. Africa
camels can
walk long
distances
prophet
Muhammed What is Islam?
worship in building
called a mosque
taken to Europe
11th century
African slaves
sold as slaves
criminals & prisoners
of war
markets in Timbuktu
Slave Trade
Trade across
the Sahara
Desert
copper
iron
wealth of Mali based on trade
TransSaharan
trade
king of Mali
horses
cloth
aka 'Ships of the Desert'
position
of stars and
sun to
navigate
controlled trade
all exchanged for
slaves, ivory & ostrich feathers
silk
camels
adapted
to walk
through
loose sand
Other goods
traded
Trade based
on gold & salt
taxed goods
exported
imported
control caused growth of
kingdom
gold mined in Mali
king kept all gold
nuggets
king allowed gold dust
to be traded
near town of
Taghaza
swords
salt mined deep in Sahara
slabs imported
to
Timbuktu
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empire became powerful
under rule of Mansa Keita
The Kingdom of Mali
conquered neighbouring
people, demanded
tribute from them
wealth built on gold
rise to power
aka "Lion
of Mali'
ordered by Mansa Musa
Mansa Musa ruled
(1312-1337)
Arab Muslim
architect
mixture of
Malian &
Middle Eastern
architecture
building
started
in 1324
Muslim
ruler
growth
of Islam
wealthy
ruler
Early 14th Century
Mansa Musa taxed imports
& exports
Great Mosque
of Timbuktu
completed in
1332
(after Musa's
death)
had the skills
Construction
of the Great
Mosque
The Kingdom
of Mali
maintaining
power
ordinary people
centre of
learning
& worship
covered with palm
matting & then mud
kept W. African
customs, religion
& traditions
to Mecca in
Saudi Arabia
wooden beams
between bricks
roof - palm tree
leaves & branches
writing
calculating
keeping records
developed strong
government & army
made out of
sun-baked bricks
stone foundations
used Arab Muslim
administrators
Hadj (Arabic) = pilgrimage
construction
Mansa Musa's
pilgrimage to
Mecca
religious duty
of every
Muslim
who can afford it
worship at shrine
of Islam = Kaaba
in 1324
Mansa Musa
travelled through Cairo
brought back Arabian
scholars & architects
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The Kingdom of Mali
trade routes: across the sea
Moroccan invaders
captured city
Decline
of
city
middle 16th century
colonised by French at
end of 19th century
Mansa Musa established
first Islamic University
wealth
achievement
14th century
Mali's Golden Age
first university in the world
subjects: maths, astronomy,
chemistry, physics, optics,
Sankore University
medicine, history, geography,
traditions of Islam,
government laws etc.
helped Europeans
learn about
West Africa
Islamic
books
part of Mali Empire in
late 13th century
Flourishing
city
end of camel caravan route
libraries
made capital city by Mansa Musa
universities
mosques
where desert meets mines
ideal trading
centre
centre of Islamic
culture
born in Spain in 1483
moved with family to Fez, Morocco
studied at Fez University
Leo
Africanus practised religion of Islam
from Leo Africanus' book
Description
of
Timbuktu
gold
slaves
for nomadic people
2nd route established
famous for learning
cotton
founded in ±1100 AD
Trade
Centre
written source
Africa known as 'dark
continent'
resting camp
City of
Timbuktu
traders crossed Sahara Desert
transport of gold & salt
because of old mosques & great
collections of ancient manuscripts
situated near bend in Niger River
countries around Mediterranean Sea &
Arab countries wanted gold
across Sahara to Egypt
declared in 1988
Centre
of
Learning
on trans-Saharan caravan route
Timbuktu
had gold,
needed
salt
site of outstanding importance
World
Heritage
Site
centre of busy
trade of local
products
thriving Islamic city
curious to find out new things
became
adventurous
traveller
2 visits to
Timbuktu
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Kingdom of Mali - Terms & Definitions
Term
Definition
camel caravan
a procession of camels travelling together in single file
navigate
to find the way, carefully and safely
trans
across
tax
money paid to the government
imported
goods brought and bought from another country
exported
goods sold to another country
prophet
someone who is believed to explain the will of God
Allah
the name of the Muslim god
griot
a storyteller from West Africa
empire
a group of countries under a single government
mansa
king or emperor in Mali
tribute
payment by one nation for protection to another
pilgrimage
a journey to a sacred or holy place
shrine
a place of worship
a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube
Kaaba
and that is the
most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine
architect
a person who creates designs and plans that are used to
build buildings
Golden Age
a period in history of outstanding wealth and achievement
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Kingdom of Mali - Terms & Definitions
Term
Definition
camel caravan
navigate
trans
tax
imported
exported
prophet
Allah
griot
empire
mansa
tribute
pilgrimage
shrine
Kaaba
architect
Golden Age
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