CP Chem
Name
Date
Per.
Acid Base Theories
1) List at least three characteristic properties of acids and three of bases.
ACIDS
BASES
a)
a)
b)
b)
c)
c)
2) According to the Arrhenius theory,
a) what is an acid?
b) what is a base?
3) According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory,
a) what is an acid?
b) what is a base?
5) In each of the reactions below, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base.
+
b) HS-
+
HSO4-  H2S
NH3
+
HBr
d) NH4+
+
OH-
c)
CN-
 HCN +
a) NH4+
NH3
+
SO42-
 NH4+
+
Br-
 NH3
+
H2O
6) List the conjugate acids of the following bases: (remember, a conjugate acid is the particle formed when a base gains a
proton (H+). For example: NH3  NH4+)
H2O
NH3
OH-
HPO42-
7) List the conjugate bases of the following acids: (remember, a conjugate base is the particle formed when an acid gives off
a proton (H+). For example: HBr  Br-)
H2O
HS-
HCl
NH4+
8) For each of the following acid-base combinations, write the balanced formula unit equation.
a)
HBr
+
Sr(OH)2

b)
HNO3
+
Ba(OH)2

c)
H2SO4
+
KOH

d)
HI
+
Ca(OH) 2

e)
HClO4
+
LiOH

pH and pOH
The pH of a solution indicates how acidic or basic that solution is.
pH range of
0-7
acidic
7
neutral
7-14
basic
Since [H+]·[OH-] = 10-14 at 25C, if [H+] is known, the [OH-] can be calculated and vice versa.
pH = -log [H+]
So if [H+] = 10-6 M, pH = 6
pOH = -log [OH ]
So if [OH-] = 10-8, pOH = 8
Together, pH + pOH = 14.
Complete the following chart.
1.
2.
[H+]
pH
[OH-]
pOH
Acidic or Basic
10-5 M
5
7
10-9 M
9
Acidic
10-4 M
3.
4.
10-2 M
5.
11
6.
12
10-5 M
7.
8.
10-11 M
9.
10.
13
6
pH and pOH CONTINUED
Calculate the pH of the solutions below.
1. 0.01 M HCl
2.
0.0010 M NaOH
3.
0.050 M NaOH
4.
0.030 M HBr
5.
0.150 M KOH
6.
2.0 M HC2H3O2 (Assume 5.0% dissociation.)
7.
3.0 M HF (Assume 10.0% dissociation.)
8.
0.50 M HNO3
9.
2.50 M NH4OH (Assume 5.00% dissociation.)
10. 5.0 M HNO2 (Assume 1.0% dissociation.)
Problem Set #2 - pH and pOH
CP Chem
1.
What is the concentration of OH- ions in saturated limewater if H3O+ = 3.98 x 10-13 M? Is limewater acidic, basic,
or neutral?
2.
What is the concentration of H3O+ ions in a wheat flour and water solution if OH- = 1.0 x 10-8 M? Is wheat flour
and water acidic, basic, or neutral?
3.
What is the concentration of OH- ions in a potato and water solution if H3O+ = 1.6 x 10-6 M? Are potatoes and
water acidic, basic, or neutral?
4.
What is the concentration of H3O+ ions in 0.1 M ammonia if OH- = 1.26 x 10-3 M? Is ammonium acidic, basic, or
neutral?
5.
What is the concentration of OH- ions in butter if H3O+ = 6.0 x 10-7 M? Is butter acidic, basic, or neutral?
6.
What is the concentration of H3O+ ions in peaches if OH- = 3.16 x 10-11 M? Are peaches acidic, basic, or neutral?
7.
What is the concentration of OH- ions in 0.1 M borax if H3O+ = 6.31 x 10-10 M? Is borax acidic, basic, or neutral?
8.
What is the concentration oh H3O+ ions in eggs if OH- = 6.0 x 10-7 M? Are eggs acidic, basic, or neutral?
9.
What is the concentration of OH- ions in 0.1 M bicarbonate of soda if H3O+ = 3.98 x 10-9 M? Is bicarbonate of
soda acidic, basic, or neutral?
10. During the course of the day, human saliva varies between being acidic and basic. What is the concentration of
H3O+ ions in saliva if OH- = 3.16 x 10-8 M? Is this sample of saliva acidic, basic, or neutral?
11. Analysis of a sample of maple syrup reveals that the concentration of OH - ions is 5.0 x 10-8 M. What is the pH of
this syrup? Is it acidic, neutral, or basic?
12. In a sample of bananas and water, it is found that H3O+ = 2.51 x 10-5 M. What is the corresponding pH value, and
are the bananas and water acidic, neutral, or basic?
13. OH- = 7.94 x 10-12 M in a sample of vinegar. What is the pH of the vinegar, and is it acidic, neutral, or basic?
14. A sample of human blood plasma is found to have a concentration of H 3O+ ions of 3.72 x 10-8 M. What is the pH of
this sample? Is it an acid, base, or neutral?
15. In a sample of saturated magnesia, it is found that OH- = 3.22 x 10-4 M. What is the pH of this sample, and is it
acidic, neutral, or basic?
16. Tomatoes are found to have a hydronium ion (H 3O+) concentration of 6.2 x 10-5 M. What is the pH of these
tomatoes, and are they acidic, neutral, or basic?
17. A saturated solution of calcium carbonate has a hydroxide concentration of 2.44 x 10 -4 M. What is the pH of this
solution, and is it acidic, neutral, or basic?
18. The hydronium concentration in a urine specimen is measured to be 6.3 x 10-6 M. What is the pH of this sample,
and is it acidic, neutral, or basic?
19. What is the pH of sour pickles if OH- = 1.6 x 10-10 M? Are the pickles acidic, neutral, or basic?
20. The hydroxide content of a popular soft drink is measured and found to be 4.11 x 10 -9 M. What is the pH of this
soft drink, and is it acidic, neutral, or basic?
Name
Date
Per.
CP Study Guide: Acids and Bases
1) List at least three characteristic properties of acids and three of bases.
ACID:
BASE:
-
-
-
-
2) Identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the following reactions:
a) HNO3 + H2O   H3O+ + NO3b) H2C2O4 + CH3NH2   HC2O4- + CH3NH3+
c) NH4+ + H2O   NH3 + H3O+
3) Complete and balance the following neutralization / acid-base reactions:
a) NaOH + H2CO3 
b) H2SO4 + Ba(OH) 2 
c) H2S + KOH 
d) Al(OH) 3 + HBr 
4) Given a salt, predict an acid-base pair which would produce the salt:
HCl & base = Mg(OH)2)
a) Al2(SO4)3
c) CaCl2
b) NH4F
d) KBr
(example: MgCl2, acid =
5) Calculate the pH and pOH of the following solutions:
a) [H+] = 1 x 10-6 M
b) [H+] = 7.4 x 10-8 M
c) [H+] = 3.22 x 10-3 M
6) Calculate [H+] and [OH-] for the following solutions:
a) a solution with pH = 11
b) a solution with pH = 2.45
7) Classify each as acidic, basic or neutral.
a. [H+] = 6.0 x 10-10 M
b. [OH-] = 3.0 x 10-2 M
c) a solution with pOH = 1.3
c. [H+] = 2.0 x 10-7 M
d. [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-7 M
8) Rank the solutions in #9 from most acidic to most basic
MOST ACIDIC
MOST BASIC