Unit I Flashcards
Chapters 17 and 18
#1
Review
Black codes
Laws passed by states and municipalities
denying many rights of citizenship to free
black people before the Civil War.
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#2
Review
Caminetti Act
1893 act giving the state the power to
regulate the mines.
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#3
Review
Carpetbaggers
Northern transplants to the South, many
of whom were Union soldiers who stayed
in the South after the war.
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#4
Review
Civil Rights Bill
1866 Act that gave full citizenship to
African Americans.
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#5
Compromise of 1877
Review
The Congressional settling of the 1876
election, which installed Republican
Rutherford B. Hayes in the White House
and gave Democrats control of all state
governments in the South.
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#6
Congressional Reconstruction
Review
Name given to the period 1867-1870
when the Republican-dominated
Congress controlled Reconstruction-era
policy.
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#7
Dawes Severalty Act
Review
An 1887 law terminating tribal ownership
of land and allotting some parcels of land
to individual Indians with the remainder
opened for white settlement.
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#8
Review
Edmunds Act
1882 act that effectively disfranchised
those who believed in or practiced
polygamy and threatened them with fines
and imprisonment.
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#9
Edmunds-Tucker Act
Review
1887 act that destroyed the temporal
power of the Mormon Church by
confiscating all assets over $50,000 and
establishing a federal commission to
oversee all elections in the Utah territory.
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#10
Review
Field Order 15
Order by General William T. Sherman in
January 1865 to set aside abandoned land
along the southern Atlantic coast for 40-acre
grants to freedmen, rescinded by President
Andrew Johnson later that year.
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#11
Review
th
15
Amendment
Passed by Congress in 1869, guaranteed
the right of American men to vote,
regardless of race.
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#12
First Reconstruction Act
Review
1877 act that divided the South into five
military districts subject to martial law.
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#13
Forest Management Act
Review
1897 act that, along with the National
Reclamation Act, set the federal
government on the path of large-scale
regulatory activities.
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#14
Review
Freedmen’s Bureau
Agency established by Congress in March
1865 to provide social, educational, and
economic services, advice, and protection
to former slaves and destitute whites;
lasted seven years.
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#15
General Land Revision Act of 1891
Review
Act that gave the President the power to
establish forest reserves to protect
watersheds against the threats posed by
lumbering, overgrazing, and forest fires.
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#16
Review
Great Sioux War
From 1865-1867 the Oglala Sioux warrior
Red Cloud waged war against the U.S.
Army, forcing the U.S. to abandon its
forts built on land relinquished to the
government by the Sioux.
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#17
Hispanic-American Alliance
Review
Organizing formed to protect and fight for
the rights of Spanish Americans.
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#18
Homestead Act of 1862
Review
1862 act that granted a quarter section
(160 acres) of the public domain free to
any settler who lived on the land for at
least five years and improved it.
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#19
Review
Ku Klux Klan
Perhaps the most prominent of the
vigilante groups that terrorized black
people in the South during
Reconstruction era, founded by the
Confederate veterans in 1866.
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#20
Review
Liberal Republicans
Disaffected Republicans that emphasized
the doctrines of classical economics.
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#21
Review
Morrill Act of 1862
Act by which “land-grant” colleges
acquired space for campuses in return for
promising to institute agricultural
programs.
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#22
National Reclamation Act
Review
1902 act that added 1 million acres of
irrigated land to the United States.
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#23
Review
Omaha Act of 1882
Act that allowed the establishment of
individual title to tribal lands.
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#24
Radical Republicans
Review
A shifting group of Republican
congressmen, usually a substantial
minority, who favored the abolition of
slavery from the beginning of the Civil
War and later advocated harsh treatment
of the defeated South.
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#25
Sand Creek Massacre
Review
The near annihilation in 1864 of Black
Kettle’s Cheyenne band by Colorado
troops under Colonel John Chivington’s
orders to “kill and scalp all, big and little.”
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#26
Review
Scalawags
Southern whites, mainly small landowning
farmers and well-off merchants and
planters, who supported the Southern
Republican party during Reconstruction.
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#27
Review
Sharecropping
Labor system that evolved during and
after Reconstruction whereby landowners
furnished laborers with a house, farm
animals, and tools and advanced credit in
exchange for a share of the laborers’ crop.
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#28
Slaughterhouse cases
Review
Group of cases resulting in one sweeping
decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1873
that contradicted the intent of the 14th
Amendment by decreeing that most citizenship
rights remained under state, not federal,
control.
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#29
Review
Tenure of Office
Act stipulating that any officeholder
appointed by the President with the
Senate's advice and consent could not be
removed until the Senate had approved a
successor.
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#30
Treaty of Fort Laramie
Review
The treaty acknowledging U.S. defeat in
the Great Sioux War in 1868 and
supposedly guaranteeing the Sioux
perpetual land and hunting rights in
South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.
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#31
Review
Union League
Republican party organizations in
Northern cities that became an important
organizing device among freedmen in
Southern cities after 1865.
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#32
Review
War Democrats
Those from the North and the border
states who broke with the Democratic
Party and supported Abraham Lincoln’s
military policies during the Civil War.
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Reference
Faragher, J. M., Buhle, M. J., Czitrom, D., & Armitage, S. H. (2009). Out of
many: A history of the American people, Vol. I (5th ed.). Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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