Visit Report on Dome Construction at loni Kalbhor
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REPORT ON EDUCATIONAL VISIT
AT
DOME CONSTRUCTION
MIT COLLEGE LONI KALBHOR PUNE
CLASS :-T.E /B.E CIVIL
DYPSOE LOHEGAON PUNE
DATE:-13/01/2017
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Visit Report on Dome Construction at loni Kalbhor
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The department of Civil Engineering, DR. D Y PATIL SCHOOL OF
ENGINEERING organized a one day educational visit to Dome
Construction at MIT College Loni Kalbhor on 13th Jan 2017 for T.E &
B.E Civil Engineering students. Visit was organized as per Pune
university guidelines and recommendations regarding syllabus of SD-2
& C M of T.E & B.E Civil Engineering.
Visit was organized with the prior permission and guidance of
honourable
Director of DYPSOE , Lohegaon Dr. S.S.Sonavane.
Prof. R.D.Koshti by the initiative and hard efforts of head of
Department of Civil Dr. A.R.Kolhe along with Prof. J.D.Dalvi and Prof.
R.C.Katdare accompany
& guide the students during visit under the continuous guidance of
Project manager Mr. Pise which makes this visit a grand success.
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AIM :- TO STUDY ABOUT R.C.C CONSTRUCTION
INTRODUCTION :The city-based Maharashtra Institute of Technology (MIT) is trying to build
the largest brick and mortar dome in the world.
The brick and mortar dome, spread across 160 feet in diameter and 190 feet
high, will cover a 65,000-square feet complex. As of now, the Santa Maria del
Fiore in Florence, Italy, has the largest octagonal brick and mortar dome in the
world.
At the Loni Kalbhor campus, the dome will include a multi-faith prayer room
and a library. According to engineers associated with the project, the structure
will be able to accommodate 7,000 people at a time.
"The dome is a vision based on the Vedic principle which says that the world
is one family. In accordance to the idea, there will also be statues of some of
the greatest thinkers in the history of mankind and literature about them in and
around the complex," said Vishwanath Karad, the founder and director of MIT.
Latest Comment
Karad, who is a professor of mechanical engineering, added that the dome
constitutes an "architectural wonder" of sorts.
"All the planning, design, calculations, and construction is being done by
people who have been an integral part of MIT, including professors,
engineers, architects, artisans, even students. No external help has been
sought. Our calculations are correct down to the last half-centimetre.
Moreover, despite the height and width, a crane will be used only in the last
stage of construction to top out the structure with trusses. If the Taj
Mahal could be built without cranes, so can this," Karad remarked.
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LOCATION MAP :-
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 Dome Slab :A dome is an architectural element that resembles the hollow upper half of a
sphere. The precise definition has been a matter of controversy. There are also a
wide variety of forms and specialized terms to describe them. A dome can rest
upon a rotunda or drum, and can be supported by columns or piers that transition
to the dome through squinches or pendentives. A lantern may cover an oculus
and may itself have another dome.
Domes have a long architectural lineage that extends back into prehistory and
they have been constructed from mud, stone, wood, brick, concrete, metal, glass,
and plastic over the centuries. The symbolism associated with domes includes
mortuary, celestial, and governmental traditions that have likewise developed
over time.
Domes have been found from early Mesopotamia, which may explain the form's
spread. They are found in Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, and Chinese architecture in
the Ancient world, as well as among a number of contemporary indigenous
building traditions. They were popular in Byzantine and medieval Islamic
architecture, and there are numerous examples from Western Europe in the
Middle Ages. The Renaissance style spread from Italy in the Early modern period.
Advancements in mathematics, materials, and production techniques since that
time resulted in new dome types. The domes of the modern world can be found
over religious buildings, legislative chambers, sports stadiums, and a variety of
functional structures.
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Zone of transition
A compound dome (red) with pendentives (yellow) from a sphere of greater
radius than the dome.
When the base of the dome does not match the plan of the supporting walls
beneath it (for example, a dome's circular base over a square bay), techniques are
employed to transition between the two. The simplest technique is to use
diagonal lintels across the corners of the walls to create an octagonal base.
Another is to use arches to span the corners, which can support more weight. A
variety of these techniques use what are called "squinches". A squinch can be a
single arch or a set of multiple projecting nested arches placed diagonally over an
internal corner. Squinches can take a variety of other forms, as well, including
trumpet arches and niche heads, or half-domes.
The invention of pendentives superseded the squinch technique Pendentives are
triangular sections of a sphere, like concave spandrels between arches, and
transition from the corners of a square bay to the circular base of a dome. The
curvature of the pendentives is that of a sphere with a diameter equal to the
diagonal of the square bay. The precise definition of "pendentive" has been a
source of contention among academics, including whether or not corbelling is
permitted under the definition and whether or not the lower portions of a sail
vault should be considered pendentive.
Domes with pendentives can be divided into two kinds: simple and compound. In
the case of the simple dome, the pendentives are part of the same sphere as the
dome itself; however, such domes are rare. In the case of the more common
compound dome, the pendentives are part of the surface of a larger sphere below
that of the dome itself and form a circular base for either the dome or a drum
section.
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 Materials
The earliest domes in the Middle East were built with mud-brick and, eventually,
with baked brick and stone. Domes of wood allowed for wide spans due to the
relatively light and flexible nature of the material and were the normal method
for domed churches by the 7th century, although most domes were built with the
other less flexible materials. Wooden domes were protected from the weather by
roofing, such as copper or lead sheeting. Domes of cut stone were more
expensive and never as large, and timber was used for large spans where brick
was unavailable. Brick domes were the favored choice for large-space
monumental coverings until the Industrial Age, due to their convenience and
dependability. Ties and chains of iron or wood could be used to resist stresses.
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 Makrana marble
The best quality of marble in this world. The oldest and the best quality marble
in the world. It needs no chemical reinforcement like Italian marble, no pin holes,
no color change and loss of polish. This is practically verified by the buildings and
numerous temples,mosques,churches and monuments in India for over 1000
years now. Thus a life of next seven generation is guaranteed. Makrana marble is
basically a god quality of marble. it also known as milky white marble. this marble
have white color , gray and panther brown looks. . actually Makrana is the name
of village. which marble produce from here. that known as Dungri marble. There
are 150 Gangsaw estabilished mfg. marble slabs & tiles. The Investment in marble
units is of Rs. 5000 Crore approx. More than 2500 marble seller units are here.
This sector emplyed Fifty thousand direct & indirect persons.
Makrana is a town in the Nagaur district of Indian state of Rajasthan. Makrana is
famous for the white stone as marble mined from the mines around it. It is said
that the Taj Mahal was built from Makrana marble. Makrana is a small town, but
it has plenty of marble outcrops. Most of the residents in this town work as
marble miners.
The town is well linked to railroads and other forms of transportation.
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Known for its white marble reserves, Makrana is a small town in Nagaur district,
with a deposit of 56 million tonnes and 40,000 labourers working in 400 mines in
the several ranges of the Aravallis. Makrana, along with Rajsamand, are the main
centres of marble in Rajasthan. Calcitic in nature, Makrana Marble is regarded as
the oldest in age and finest in quality[1].
The present rate of marble production from Makrana is 1.20 lakh tonnes per year
with an annual revenue of Rs 36 crore.
Makrana is source of employment to at least 1 Lac people of about 100
surrounding villages. The famous Victoria Memorial of Kolkata, the world famous
Taj Mahal in Agra, Raudat Tahera in Mumbai and Jain Temple of Dilwara in south
Rajasthan
are
built
from
Makrana
Marble.
[edit] Mining
Makrana has various mining ranges, popularly known as Doongri, devi, Ulodi,
Saabwali, Gulabi, Kumari, Neharkhan, Matabhar, Matabhar kumari, Chuck
doongri, Chosira etc.
Doongri, devi, Saabwali, Ulodi, Chosira and Neharkhan are famous for white
marble, whereas Ulodi is famous for Albeto Marble. These mines produce whitebrown belt beautiful marble. Gulabi stands for pink plain and pink Adanga marble
whereas almost all mines produce Adanga marbles with brown and grey sheds.
Makrana marble is a metamorphic rock. It is a single deposit in India. The
Makrana marble has 90 to 98 percent CaCo3. [citation needed]
Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census[2], Makrana had a population of 83,289. Males
constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Makrana has an average
literacy rate of 55%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is
65%, and female literacy is 44%. In Makrana, 20% of the population is under 6
years of age.
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