Participant Manual
Introdu
uction to Ten
nses
Busin
ness EEnglish
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each SSeries 2 www
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The contents of this document are proprietary and confidential to Infosys Limited and may not be disclosed in whole or in part at any time, to any third party without the prior written consent of Infosys Limited. © 2012 Infosys Limited. All rights reserved. Copyright in the whole and any part of this document belongs to Infosys Limited. This work may not be used, sold, transferred, adapted, abridged, copied or reproduced in whole or in part, in any manner or form, or in any media, without the prior written consent of Infosys Limited. Topics Covered: 1.
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Simple Present Tense Present Continuous Tense Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Continuous Tense Learning Outcome: At the end of the module, the participant will be able to: a. Recognize the change in the form of the verb according to the time of action. b. b. Use the right form of the verb to express clearly in the present tense. Lesson plan: Topic Duration Action
Introduction to tense 10 min Explain the change that the verb undergoes according to the different time as the different tenses in English. Present tense‐ Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous Tenses 25 min Explain the situation in which each of the tenses in the present form is used. Practice Exercises 25 min Explain the form of the verb for each tense with relevant examples. Use the appropriate tenses in the present form to complete the practice exercise. Tense Tense indicates an action done within a certain time frame. It involves action plus time. When an action is completed or finished in the past time frame, it is named as Past Tense. It talks about action taking place in the past time, with signal words such as‐last year, yesterday, 1990, 2 hours ago, a few minutes back. E.g. Yesterday, I met my school friend. Similarly, action happening in the present time is indicated by the Present Tense, with signal words such as‐now, always, never, frequently, just now. E.g. I always go to the market to buy fresh vegetables. An action going to happen in the future time is indicated by the Future Tense, with signal words such as‐in a year from now, tomorrow, next week, 2012, next time. E.g. I am going to Bangalore tomorrow. In a Tense form, verb plays a significant role as‐ It indicates an action done by the subject a) b) It indicates the state of being of the subject c) It indicates the time frame. E.g. He completed his project (action) yesterday (time). Sameer is a caring individual (state). Each Tense is further divided into four types. They are: 1. Simple 2. Continuous 3. Perfect 4. Perfect Continuous. Present Tense can be classified as‐ Simple Present Tense‐ I. Indicates habitual action or fact that can be permanent/ verifiable. E.g. I always go for a walk. Water boils at 100*C. II. Can be used to express a planned future action. E.g. The Prime Minister visits Cairo tomorrow. Present Continuous Tense I. Indicates an action that is happening as we speak. II. Verb always takes a form of verb+’ing’. E.g. I am meeting my friend for lunch now. III. Certain verbs cannot take the verb+ing forms as their primary and secondary meanings are different. E.g. I am seeing a T.V program (see means the ability to see with eyes). The correct sentence would be‐ I am watching a T. V program (watching = observing, gazing). Present Perfect Tense I. Indicates an action that is just completed. E.g. He has finished his report.(just now) II. Indicates a completed action whose time is not mentioned E.g. I have finished my course work. III. Use the verb form of has/have+ the past participle form of the verb. Present Perfect Continuous Tense I. Indicates an action that began in the past and is still continuing. E.g. I have been teaching since 1992. II.Use the verb form of verb+been+’ing’. E.g. have+been+teaching. Practice Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with verbs in the right tense 1. He ________ his team every morning. (meeting) 2. The Sun _____ in the west. (set) 3. The train to Delhi ________ tomorrow night. (leave) 4. There ________ the pretty woman! (go) Write the tense in present continuous: 5. The team lead ______________ to the group. (talk) 6. I ______ Steve jobs biography. (read) 7. The team from Germany __________ tomorrow(arrive) 8. They _______ the deal for a new project. (Negotiate) Write the tense in present perfect: 9. He ______ just ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ the office.(leave) 10. I ‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ glasses all my life
e.(wear) 11. Rahul and Nikhil __
______ already ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ tthe testing.(ffinish) 12. We ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ th
he family forr many yearss.( know) 13. Param _
__________
_nonstop forr the last one
e hour. (talkk) 14. They __
__________ the report ffor so long. ((prepare) Praactice Exercise 2 Corrrect the following sentences: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Surjeet lives in Chennai last yeaar. ngoes yesterrday. David iss eating man
We will win the match by 10 wiickets in 201
10. She waiits for me ne
ear the road patiently fo
or two hourss. I have w
written a lettter to my friend yesterday. I am fee
eling very co
old.