Organic chemistry II
Zdeněk Friedl
Chapter 26
Lipids
Solomons & Fryhle: Organic
Chemistry 8th Ed., Wiley 2004
Lipids
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triacylglycerols
terpenes and terpenoids
steroids
prostaglandins
phospholipids, phosphatides
waxes
2
Basic types of lipids
3
Triacylglycerols I
structure
4
Triacylglycerols II
common fatty acids
5
Triacylglycerols III
hydrogenation of unsaturated triacylglycerols (partially hydrogenated fat)
6
Triacylglycerols IV
common polyunsaturated fatty acids
7
Triacylglycerols V
alkaline hydrolysis (saponification)
8
Triacylglycerols VI
dispersal of oil-coated dirt particles by a soap
9
Terpenes I
acyclic monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes
10
Terpenes II
cyclic monoterpenes; containing OXYGEN a TERPENOIDS
11
Terpenes III
tetraterpenes a CAROTENES
12
Steroids I
male and female sex hormones
13
Steroids II
perhydrocyclopentanophenanthrene ring system GONANE
14
Steroids III
the basic ring system of steroids
ANDROSTANE
15
Steroids IV
names of steroid hydrocarbons
16
Steroids V
CHOLESTEROL
17
Steroids VI
the photochemical reaction of ergosterol to vitamin D2
18
Prostaglandins I
C20 carboxylic acids
(5-membered ring, at least one C=C bond and several oxygen groups)
19
Prostaglandins II
the biosynthesis of prostaglandins
20
Phospholipids I
basic structure: PHOSPHATIDIC acid
21
Phospholipids II
aminoesters of phosphatidic acid: PHOSPHATIDES
22
Phospholipids III
PHOSPHATIDES
23
Waxes
esters of long-chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols
24