Section 13.2 Factors Affecting Solvation
Objectives:
• Describe how intermolecular forces affect solvation.
• Understand what factors affect solubility.
Factors such as temperature, pressure,
and polarity affect the formation
of solutions.
Section 13.2 The Solvation Process
• Solvation is
• This is usually called ___________________.
• Solvation in water is called _______________.
• The attraction between _____________________
molecule and the _____________________ are
__________than the attraction among ions of a
crystal.
• This intermolecular force is called an
___________________________.
Section 13.2 The Solvation Process (cont.)
http://www.northland.cc.mn.us/biology/biology1111/animations/dissolve.html
Section 13.2 Factors That Affect Solvation
• _______________________________ moves
dissolved particles _______________ the
contact surfaces __________________ and
allows _________________________ to occur.
• ______________________ into small pieces
__________________ surface area and allows
__________ collisions to occur.
• As temperature ______________, rate of
solvation _______________.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
1. Temperature
a. Temperature effects the ________ at
which a __________ _____________.
b. Temperature has a large effect on the
_____________ of solute that
_____________ in a given amount of
solvent.
c. Solubility is affected by increasing the
temperature of the solvent because the
_______________of the particles
____________.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
• Solid Solubility in Liquids
a.
• Gas Solubility in Liquids
a.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
2. Pressure
a. Pressure has little effect on solubilities of
__________ or _____________ in liquid solvents.
b. Pressure important in ________________ in
___________.
For example: Carbonated beverages
a. Pressure slightly higher than 1 atm
b. When opened, it is exposed to lower air pressure
c. __________________________________
1. This is called ______________- the escape of
gas from solution.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
3. Types of solutes and solvents
a. _______________________ rule
1. “Likeness” depends on:
a.
b.
c.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
b. Possible combinations
1.
2.
3.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility (cont.)
• Sucrose molecules have several ______________,
which become sites for ____________________
with water molecules.
• Oil does ______
form a solution with
water because:
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
Why Do Some Things Dissolve?
• Solubility of a substance is based on:
• Dissolving is due to ______________________.
Section 13.2 Factors that Affect Solubility
How can you determine what dissolves in
what?
1.
2.