DATE
NAME
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CLASS
Using Thermal Energy
Part A. Vocabulary Review
In the space at the left, write the term from the word list that best completes each statement, Use each term once,
combustion
------- -ocana ucnon-solar energy> •..
electricity
- radiator
insulators
fluid
.convection
solar collector
radiation -heat engine
1. Thermal transfer by convection takes place in materials that are __
2. A type of heat transfer that does not require matter is
3. Energy from the sun is __
'
'
"
4. 'Energy is transferred through matter by direct contact of particles by __
5. The rapid burning of fuels that takes place in engines is called __
"
"
6. A device with a large surface area designed to heat the air near it by con- duction is a(n) __ "
7. Materials such as air, wood, and rubber that do not allow heat to pass
through them easily are called __ '
8. The transfer of heat energy by movement of matter is called __
9. A device that absorbs radiant energy from the sun is a(n) __
"
"
10. A device that changes thermal energy into mechanical energy is called a(n)
--'
11. Scientists are hoping to change the thermal energy in ocean water into
Explain the difference between the terms in each pair, Write your answers on the lines provided,
12. heat mover, heat pump:
13. internal combustion engine, external combustion engine:
.•.
1_-
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NAME
DATE
CLASS
Chapter 6 Review (continued)
Part B. Concept Review
Determine whether the italicized term makes each statement true orfalse. If the statement is true, write the.uiord
"true" in the blank. If the statement is false, write in the blank the term that makes the statement true.
1. The transfer of thermal energy by conduction and convection does
notrequire matter.
2. The transfer of thermal energy by radiation does not require matter.
3. A material that allows heat to pass through it easily is an insulator.
4. Insulation rated R-35 allows more heat to pass through it than insulation rated R-1.
5. Solar collectors are used in passive solar heating systems.
6. A solar heating system that does not use fans or electrical devices is
an active solar heating system.
7. A steam engine is an example of an internal combustion engine.
8. The fuel of an external combustion engine is burned outside the
engine.
9. A steam-heating system uses radiators to transfer thermal energy.
______
10. Refrigerators and air conditioners are heat pumps.
,-- __
_________
11. Steam-heating systems require more water than hot-water systems.
_---..:
12. Because dark colors reflect more radiant energy than light colors,
solar collectors are usually painted black.
_________
13. Many external combustion engines use turbines to produce mechanical energy.
_________
14. Two drawbacks to trying to harness the thermal energy of ocean
Water for use as electricity are they require a lot of energy to operate
and may cause damage to the environment.
16
,
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NAME
DATE
CLASS
'. Thermal Energy on the Move
In each of the/ollowing statements, a term has been scrambled. Unscramble the term and write it on the line provided.
1. The transfer of energy through matter by direct contact of
__p~:r.Fsl~s.is.c~1~(t4(](;J'liotucn.
.
. ... _.
2. Conduction can take place in solids, liquids, and sages.
3. The transfer of energy by the movement of matter is called
oecconnioi.
4. Any material that can flow is lufdi.
5. Any material that allows heat to pass through it easily is a
roconcutd.
6. The type of heat transfer that does not require matter is iadranioi.
7. Radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of vaews.
8. Any material that does not allow heat to pass through it easily is
an roinsulta.
9. Many conductors, such as silver and copper, are lemtas.
-\],,--- ------
10. Energy that travels by radiation is often called darinta greeny.
11. Insulators, such as wood and air, are poor conductors of thea. 12. The transfer of thermal energy by convection and conduction
both require atterm.
On the lines provided, explain the differences between conduction, convection, and radiation. Use the infonnation in
the exercise above-to help you. Write your answers in complete sentences.
I
DATE
NAME
CLASS
Chapter 6 Review (continued)
Part B. Concept Review
Determine whether the italicized term makes each statement true or false. If the statement is true, write the word
"true" in the blank. If the statement is false, write in the blank the term that makes the statement true.
1. The transfer of thermal energy by conduction and convection does
notrequire matter.
. 2. The transfer of thermal energy by radiation does not require matter.
_________
3. A material that allows heat to pass through it easily is an insulator.
4. Insulation rated R-35 allows more heat to pass through it than insulation rated R-l.
5. Solar collectors are used in passive solar heating systems.
6. A solar heating system that does not use fans or electrical devices is
an active solar heating system.
7. A steam engine is an example of an internal combustion engine.
S. The fuel of an external combustion engine is burned outside the
engine.
9. A steam-heating system uses radiators to transfer thermal energy.
_____
~
10. Refrigerators and air conditioners are heat pumps.
_________
11. Steam-heating systems require more water than hot-water systems.
-:-----"
12. Because dark colors reflect more radiant energy than light colors,
solar collectors are usually painted black.
_________
13. Many external combustion engines use turbines to produce mechanical energy.
_________
14. Two drawbacks to trying to harness the thermal energy of ocean
Water for use as electricity are they require a lot of energy to operate
and may cause damage to the environment.
16
c.
NAME
DATE
CLASS
,[,Energy from the Oceans
Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
heat engines
efficiency
tropical
temperatures
condense
--'thermal
radiant
mechanical
oxygen
-- increase
electricity
vaporize
Because the oceans have large surface areas and great depth, they have the ability to absorb
_______
energy from the sun and store it as
_______
energy of the moving water of tides can also be used to rotate turbines to
generate
_
energy. The
_
In
or subtropical regions, there can be more than 20°C difference between
the warm surface waters and cold bottom waters. Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a
process that uses
to convert differences in the thermal energy of ocean water
at different
---'_
into mechanical energy to drive turbines. One type of OTEC
engine uses heat from warm surface waters to
a working fluid with a low
boiling point. In some engines, ammonia vapor drives a turbine which is connected to a generator. After the ammonia vapor passes through the turbine, it transfers heat to colder ocean water
causing the ammonia to
'
One drawback to OTEC plants is that they now operate at low
_
because they
require great amounts of energy to pump large amounts of water from ocean depths. However,
improved designs will likely
their efficiency. Another concern of OTEC sys-
tems is that the pumping of large amounts of cold water to the surface may affect the dissolved
_______
I
and nutrient levels of the marine environment.
I
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Use with Text Pages 172-174
K, Energy from
the Oceans
Determine whether the italicized term makes each statement true or false. If the statement is true, write the word
"true" in the space provided. If the statement is false, write in the blank the term that makes the statement true.
1. Because the oceans have large surface currents and great depths, they can
absorb radiant energy from the sun and store it as thermal energy.
2. Several hydroelectric plants are using the thermal energy of tides to rotate
" turbines.and generate electricity.
3. There can be more than 20°C difference between warm surface water and
cold bottom waters in tropical and subtropical regions.
4. Ocean thermal energy conversion (OIBC) is a process that uses electric
engines to convert differences in ocean water temperature into mechanical
energy to drive turbines.
5. Present OIBC plants have low efficiencies because large amounts of water
must be pumped from ocean depths.
In the spaces provided, write your answers to the following questions and activities relating to the OTEC heat engine
shown in Figure 6-1,
Electric power generator
-
•
Warm water
outlet
B
Cold water
outlet
Cold water
intake (5 'C)
from deep
water
-
Ammonia
~\,.-:=!)
It
Warm water
intake (25°C)
from surface
water
Pump
6. Is the ammonia passing through the pump gas or liquid?
_
7. Is the ammonia passing through the turbine gas or liquid?
_
8. What happens to the ammonia in chamber A?
_
9. For the turbine to operate, the ammonia passing through it must have what type of energy?
10. Why must the water passing around chamber A be cold (5°C)?
11. 'What happens to the ammonia in chamber B?
_
12. Why must the water passing around chamber B be warm (2S°C)?
_