General Test Instructions
2001
SCHOOL
CERTIFICATE
TEST
•
Reading time: 10 minutes
•
Working time: 1 –12 hours
•
The supervisor will tell you when to begin the test
•
This test has TWO sections
•
Attempt ALL questions
•
Write your answers in black or blue pen
•
Draw diagrams using pencil
•
Calculators may be used
•
Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top
of the two separate answer sheets and pages 33, 37 and 41
Directions for Section 1
12 November
•
Attempt ALL questions
Start 12.50 pm
•
Complete your answers to Section 1 on the separate
Section 1 Answer Sheet
•
Complete your answers in black or blue pen
SCIENCE
SECTION 1
50 marks
S11
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Instructions for answering questions in Section 1
• Complete your answers in either black or blue pen.
• Multiple choice
Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the
response oval completely.
Sample:
2+4=
(A) 2
A
(B) 6
B
(C) 8
C
(D) 9
D
If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer
and fill in the new answer.
A
B
C
D
If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the
correct answer, then indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and
drawing an arrow as follows.
correct
A
B
C
–2–
D
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Complete your answers to Questions 1–50 on the Section 1 Answer Sheet.
1
Which property of light allows you to see yourself in a mirror?
(A) Absorption
(B)
Reflection
(C) Refraction
(D) Scattering
2
The diagram shows three people, R, S, and T, sitting in front of a large mirror. An
opaque screen, that absorbs light, is also positioned directly in front of each
person.
Mirror
Opaque
screens
When these people look at the mirror which statement is correct?
(A) R can see only T.
(B)
S can see only R.
(C) S can see R and T.
(D) All three can see each other.
–3–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this graph to answer Questions 3–5.
CHANGING DEMANDS FOR AUSTRALIAN COAL
35
Millions of tonnes
30
25
KEY
20
Iron, steel and coke
Electricity production
15
Railways
10
Gasworks
5
0
3
Exports
Other consumption
1960
2000
Which area accounted for the largest increase in the demand for coal between
1960 and 2000?
(A) Exports
(B)
Electricity production
(C) Iron, steel and coke
(D) Railways
4
In 2000, how many millions of tonnes of coal were used for electricity
production?
(A) 6
(B)
10
(C) 16
(D) 27
5
World wide, no nuclear power stations have been built since 1979. In the near
future, what impact will this situation have on the demand for Australian coal?
(A) The demand for coal for iron, steel and coke production is likely to decrease.
(B)
The demand for coal for export markets is likely to decrease.
(C) The demand for coal for gasworks is likely to increase.
(D) The total demand for coal is likely to increase.
–4–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
6
Which reaction is a combustion reaction?
(A) Adding hydrochloric acid to sodium hydroxide
(B)
Adding sulfuric acid to calcium carbonate
(C) Igniting a piece of magnesium metal
(D) Mixing solutions of lead nitrate and sodium chloride
7
This statement describes part of a scientific theory:
‘An instant after creation, the universe rapidly expanded.’
To which theory does the statement refer?
(A) The atomic theory
(B)
The big-bang theory
(C) The particle theory of matter
(D) The theory of evolution
8
Which of these locations would provide the best conditions for fossils to form?
(A) The base of a waterfall
(B)
The rapids of a river
(C) The middle of a desert
(D) The bottom of a swamp
–5–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use the diagram to answer Questions 9–11.
The diagram shows the steps in the formation and decomposition of ozone in the
atmosphere.
1.
8.
High energy ultraviolet
radiation strikes an
oxygen molecule
2.
7.
Oxygen molecule splits
into two free oxygen
atoms
3.
6.
Ozone splits into one
free oxygen atom and
one molecule of oxygen
4.
5.
Ozone formed
–6–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
9
Which choice (A)–(D) correctly identifies a molecule of ozone?
(A)
10
(B)
(C)
(D)
Four of the steps do not have descriptive statements. These missing statements
are shown in the following table in NO PARTICULAR ORDER.
Descriptive statement
P
Free oxygen atoms collide with oxygen molecules
Q
Free oxygen atoms collide with ozone
R
Ozone absorbs an amount of UV radiation
S
Two oxygen molecules are formed
Which descriptive statement refers to step 7?
(A) P
(B)
Q
(C) R
(D) S
11
The oxygen molecule formed in step 6 can react with a nitrogen molecule (N2 )
when lightning strikes. The product of this reaction is nitrogen monoxide (NO)
molecules.
Which diagram best represents this reaction?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
–7–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 12 and 13.
SAFE WASTE FOR AT LEAST ONE THOUSAND YEARS
Some scientists think a rare metallic oxide that resists
cracking from radiation may solve the problem of how to
dispose of nuclear waste. At the moment, glass materials
are used to store highly radioactive waste. It is believed
that these glass materials would tend to crack and leak
after only one hundred years. The scientists used computer
simulations to predict the behaviour of the metallic oxide,
and these predictions have been supported by
experimental results.
12
The use of computer simulations by these scientists is an example of the
impact of
(A) science on society.
(B)
science on technology.
(C) society on science.
(D) technological advances on science.
13
What conclusion could the scientists make following their research?
(A) The metallic oxide compound will reduce the amount of time a waste
remains radioactive.
(B)
The metallic oxide does not appear to have the same problems as the
current storage materials.
(C) The metallic oxide is the best material in which to store nuclear waste.
(D) The results of their experiments will be acclaimed and accepted worldwide.
–8–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
14
In the carbon–oxygen cycle, which of these gases is produced by plants during
photosynthesis?
(A) carbon dioxide
(B)
nitrogen
(C) oxygen
(D) water vapour
15
The diagram shows the wave pattern of a radio wave.
Which diagram best represents the wave pattern of the radio wave if the
frequency is increased?
(A)
16
(B)
(C)
(D)
Which statement is supported by a scientific theory of evolution?
(A) Individual animals that survive and reproduce are the least adapted to the
environment in which they live.
(B)
Most animals produce less offspring than their environment can support.
(C) The environment has no influence on the survival chances of animals.
(D) Variations in the offspring of animals can influence their chance of survival.
–9–
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this diagram to answer Questions 17 and 18.
The diagram summarises the life cycles of some stars.
A star of 1 solar mass
Enriched cloud
Protostar
Disk and protostar
Sun and planets
Expanding Sun
A star of 30 to
50 solar masses
Red giant
Gas cloud
Contracting Sun
Red giant
White dwarf
Planetary nebula
White dwarf
Black hole
Black dwarf
17
What is the final stage for a star of one solar mass?
(A) Black dwarf
(B)
Black hole
(C) Enriched cloud
(D) Gas cloud
18
Why have these models describing the life cycle of stars only recently been
developed?
(A) The evolution of stars is a very slow process.
(B)
There have been disputes about theories of the origin of the universe.
(C) Technologies to gather data about stars were not previously available.
(D) It takes a long time for electromagnetic radiation from stars to reach Earth.
– 10 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 19 and 20.
The diagram represents the structure of the Periodic Table. The letters (P, Q, R, S, T
and U) represent elements.
(Note: The letters used are NOT the common symbols for these elements.)
Q
P
R
U
T
19
Which letters represent elements classified as metals?
(A) P and T
(B)
P, Q and T
(C) Q, R, S and U
(D) T and U
20
Which element is LEAST likely to react with any of the others shown?
(A) P
(B)
Q
(C) S
(D) U
– 11 –
S
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 21 and 22.
Air conditioning refrigerants (ACRs) are identified by a 3 digit numbering system.
1st digit:
2nd digit:
3rd digit:
eg:
Cl
21
The number of carbon atoms LESS one
The number of hydrogen atoms PLUS one
The number of fluorine atoms
Cl
F
C
C
Cl
F
is ACR – 113
F
How many hydrogen atoms does ACR – 022 have?
(A) 0
(B)
1
(C) 2
(D) 3
22
Which ACR is represented by the diagram below?
Cl
Cl
F
C
C
Cl
H
(A) ACR – 122
(B)
ACR – 123
(C) ACR – 223
(D) ACR – 233
– 12 –
F
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use the diagram to answer Questions 23 and 24.
The diagram shows a model of an atom.
Y
23
What is the particle labelled Y?
(A) Electron
(B)
Neutron
(C) Nucleus
(D) Proton
24
Mass number
of
an atom
=
Number
of
protons
What is the mass number of this atom?
(A) 3
(B)
6
(C) 7
(D) 10
– 13 –
+
Number
of
neutrons
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 25–27.
The map shows the movement of crustal plates in the Australia, Antarctica and
New Zealand region.
New Guinea
AustralianIndian
Plate
New Zealand
Antarctic Plate
Pacific Plate
Antarctica
The diagrams below show plate boundary types.
→ ←
← →
↑ ←
↓ ↑
Convergent
Divergent
Subduction
Transform
– 14 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
25
Where do crustal movements occur?
(A) In the atmosphere
(B)
In the biosphere
(C) In the hydrosphere
(D) In the lithosphere
26
What type of boundary is found underneath New Zealand?
(A) Convergent
(B)
Divergent
(C) Subduction
(D) Transform
27
Where are active volcanoes most likely to be?
(A) In Australia and Antarctica
(B)
In Australia and New Zealand
(C) In Antarctica and New Zealand
(D) In New Guinea and New Zealand
– 15 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
28
In a distant galaxy there are two planets, Caros and Tapos.
Caros
Tapos
200 000 km
What additional information is needed to calculate the gravitational effect of
Caros on Tapos?
(A) The diameter of each planet
(B)
The atmosphere of each planet
(C) The speed of orbit of each planet
(D) The mass of each planet
29
Which is a biotic feature of a river or pond environment?
(A) Algae growing in the water
(B)
pH or acidity of the water
(C) Size of the soil particles on the banks
(D) Water temperature
30
Which process causes changes in chromosomes?
(A) Cell division
(B)
DNA mutation
(C) Gene replication
(D) Reproduction
– 16 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 31 and 32.
The diagram shows one way to model an electric current.
Water
Pump
Tap
Water meter
Thin pipe
31
Which component in an electric circuit does the pump represent?
(A) Current
(B)
Power supply
(C) Resistor
(D) Switch
32
Which component in an electric kettle is represented by the thin pipe in the
model?
(A) Heating element
(B)
Power cord
(C) Switch
(D) Water
– 17 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
33
The photograph shows some viruses, magnified 160 000 times.
diameter
of a virus
Viruses × 160 000
Approximately how many of these viruses, lying side by side, would form a line
1.0 cm long?
(A) 6000
(B)
8000
(C) 80 000
(D) 320 000
34
Which of the following is a correct equation for the reaction of an acid and a
metal?
(A) Acid + metal → water + salt
(B)
Acid + metal → hydrogen + salt
(C) Acid + metal → oxygen + water
(D) Acid + metal → carbon dioxide + water
35
Which two systems interact to co-ordinate the functions of the human body?
(A) Hormonal and nervous
(B)
Digestive and excretory
(C) Circulatory and respiratory
(D) Reproductive and skeletal
– 18 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use the following information to answer Questions 36 and 37.
Depth
An echo-sounder is a device that measures the depth of water. It sends out a sound
wave and records how long the wave takes to return to the boat after it rebounds (or
‘echoes’) from the bottom of the body of water.
The table shows how to calculate depth in both sea water and fresh water.
36
SEA WATER
FRESH WATER
Time for echo return
(seconds)
Depth
(metres)
Depth
(metres)
0.01
7.2
6.8
0.02
14.5
13.5
0.05
36.1
33.8
0.10
72.3
67.5
What conclusion about sound waves can be drawn from the information in the
table?
(A) They travel more quickly in shallow water than deep water.
(B)
They travel more quickly in deep water than shallow water.
(C) They travel more quickly in fresh water than sea water.
(D) They travel more quickly in sea water than fresh water.
37
An echo-sounder is being used on a boat in fresh water. The time for the echo to
return is 0.04 seconds.
What depth is the water below the boat?
(A) 23 m
(B)
27 m
(C) 29 m
– 19 –
(D) 32 m
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
38
Identical forces, F, act on objects X and Y as shown.
F
F
X
Y
Which information about the mass and acceleration of X and Y is correct?
If the mass of X . . .
39
then the acceleration of X is . . .
(A)
equals the mass of Y,
greater than the acceleration of Y.
(B)
is greater than the mass of Y,
greater than the acceleration of Y.
(C)
is greater than the mass of Y,
less than the acceleration of Y.
(D)
is greater than the mass of Y,
equal to the acceleration of Y.
The industrial production of lime (CaO) involves the heating of limestone
(CaCO3 ) as shown by this equation:
heat
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
This process is an example of which type of reaction?
(A) Combustion
(B)
Corrosion
(C) Decomposition
(D) Neutralisation
40
The table shows the results of an experiment where students measured the
voltage, resistance and current in a circuit.
Voltage
(volts)
Resistance
(ohms)
Current
(amps)
1
2
0.5
2
2
1
3
1
3
6
2
3
What is the most appropriate conclusion from this experiment?
(A) If resistance is constant, a higher voltage causes a higher current.
(B)
If resistance is constant, a lower voltage causes a higher current.
(C) For a constant current, a higher resistance requires a lower voltage.
(D) For a constant current, a lower resistance requires a higher voltage.
– 20 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
41
Two men were watching ants on a footpath.
One said, ‘They’re going in a straight line. They’re not
running everywhere like they normally do. That means rain
doesn’t it?’
‘Mate, that line’s so straight and there are so many of them
that we’re going to have a flood,’ the other replied.
The next day there was widespread flooding in the area.
How does this information reflect the work of scientists?
(A) A natural event was described.
(B)
A controlled experiment was carried out and a predicted event took place.
(C) The ants represented a large population and large populations are needed
in scientific experiments.
(D) A hypothesis based on observed trends was proposed.
42
A certain theory has been used to explain over 10 000 observations since it was
first proposed. Recently, a scientist made an observation that the theory could
not explain.
What should scientists do about this?
(A) Continue to accept the theory as it explains so many observations.
(B)
Accept the theory for the observations it explains and develop a new theory
for this one observation.
(C) Reject the new observation as it must be incorrect, and accept the theory.
(D) Check the observation and, if it is correct, modify the theory.
43
For the Cell Theory to become a law, which of the following criteria must be met?
I
II
III
All relevant observations must be explainable.
It will predict future relevant observations.
It will fit with the belief systems of society.
(A) I only
(B)
II only
(C) I and II only
(D) I, II and III
– 21 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 44–46.
An observer can determine the direction of a moving storm by measuring the time
interval between seeing the lightning and hearing the thunder. If this time interval is
decreasing, then the storm is getting closer to the observer.
The diagram shows the location of four people, and the original position of a storm.
Quentin
Santos
STORM
William
N
W
E
S
Simone
The table shows the time intervals measured by each person for two successive
lightning strikes.
Simone Quentin
Time between lightning
seen and thunder heard
(seconds)
Santos
William
1st strike
2
2
2
P
2nd strike
4
1
3
Q
– 22 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
44
Which of the following explains the time difference between the arrival of the
lightning and the thunder?
(A) Sound travels faster than light.
(B)
Light travels faster than sound.
(C) Sound travels as waves, while light travels in straight lines.
(D) Light travels as waves, while sound travels in straight lines.
45
In the table, what is the most likely value for P?
(A) 1
(B)
2
(C) 3
(D) 4
46
In which direction is the storm most likely to be moving?
(A) North-east
(B)
North-west
(C) South-east
(D) South-west
– 23 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
Use this information to answer Questions 47–49.
The diagram shows a thermostat that uses a bi-metal strip. A bi-metal strip consists of
two different metals joined together. The thermostat is used to switch an electric
current on and off as the temperature changes in an oven. When the oven is turned on,
the bi-metal strip is flat, the gap between the bi-metal strip and the contact is closed,
and current flows through the circuit.
Conductor
Contact
Gap (closed)
Wires to
heating element
Bi-metal strip
In
Metal 1
Out
Flexible support
to allow bi-metal
strip to move slightly
Metal 2
Temperature control (TC)
The incomplete table summarises the way the thermostat works in four cause/effect
sequences.
Sequence 1:
Electricity
flows
—➛
Sequence 2:
Bi-metal
strip bends
—➛
Sequence 3:
Sequence 4:
Bi-metal strip
—➛
gets hot
Bi-metal
strip bends
Gap opens
—➛
Electricity
stops flowing
Electricity
—➛
stops flowing
V
—➛
W
—➛
X
—➛
Electricity
flows
W
– 24 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
47
What is the correct statement for X in the table?
(A) Bi-metal strip cools
(B)
Bi-metal strip bends in the opposite direction
(C) Gap closes
(D) Gap opens
48
Which way, and why, does the bi-metal strip bend when it gets hot?
(A) Away from the contact because Metal 2 expands less than Metal 1
(B)
Away from the contact because Metal 2 expands more than Metal 1
(C) Towards the contact because Metal 2 expands less than Metal 1
(D) Towards the contact because Metal 2 expands more than Metal 1
49
What must be done to increase the oven temperature?
(A) Turn TC in to increase the size of the gap.
(B)
Turn TC in to increase the force between the strip and the contact.
(C) Turn TC out to decrease the size of the gap.
(D) Turn TC out to decrease the force between the strip and the contact.
Please turn over
– 25 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
The graph shows the speed of a car when it is in different gears.
150
4th gear
Speed (km/h)
50
100
3rd gear
2nd gear
50
1st gear
0
0
10
20
30 40 50 60
Time (seconds)
70
80
From the information in the graph, which of the following statements is correct?
(A) As the car’s speed increases, its acceleration decreases.
(B)
The car experiences its greatest acceleration in 4th gear.
(C) The car’s top acceleration rate was approximately 140 km/h.
(D) The greatest force acting on the car is when it is in 4th gear.
End of Section 1
Go on to Section 2
– 26 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
BLANK PAGE
– 27 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 1
BLANK PAGE
– 28 –
© Board of Studies NSW 2001
Directions for Section 2
This section has FOUR parts
Part A
Questions
Part B
Questions
Part C
Questions
Part D
Questions
51–60
61–63
64–65
66–67
(10 marks)
(13 marks)
(14 marks)
(13 marks)
• Complete your answers to Section 2 Part A in the boxes
provided on the separate answer sheet
2001
SCHOOL
CERTIFICATE
TEST
• Complete your answers to Section 2 Parts B–D on the lines
provided on pages 33 to 43
• Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top
of pages 33, 37 and 41
Instructions for answering questions in
Section 2 Part A
12 November
• Completing the boxes
Write firmly and clearly. Your answer must be written from
left to right. Use block letters for words. Numbers must be
used for numerical answers. Decimal points and negative
signs must be clearly shown in separate boxes. Do NOT let
any part of the letter or number touch the sides of the answer
boxes.
SCIENCE
SECTION 2
50 marks
Sample 1:
–7 ÷ 2 = –
Sample 2:
How many days are in a week? 7
Sample 3:
What is the fifth month? M A Y
3
.
5
days
If you think you have made a mistake, put a line through the
incorrect answer and write the correct one above the box.
M A Y
J U N E
S12a
– 29 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART A
PART A
Complete your answers to Questions 51–60 on the Section 2 Part A Answer Sheet.
51
The sector graph shows the proportion of radioactivity to which humans are
exposed from various sources.
Key
Radon gas
Food
Building materials
Medical sources
Cosmic rays
Nuclear waste
What percentage of the radioactivity humans receive is from medical sources?
52
What would be a suitable label for box Y?
Coal
X
Gas
Polluting
Oil
Energy
source
Hydro
Y
Wind
Non-polluting
Tidal
53
Which organs are responsible for the production of sperm?
54
Reproduction and repair are two roles of cell division in multi-cellular
organisms. What is the third role?
55
‘Natural selection’ is used to explain which scientific theory?
– 30 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART A
56
What gas in the air is used during the burning of fossil fuels?
57
What name is given to a device such as a lever or a pulley?
58
What force gives an object its weight?
Questions 59–60 refer to the diagram of a road-cutting that reveals a sequence of rock
layers.
X
Key
Mudstone
Sandstone
Shale
Limestone
Conglomerate
Y
59
Name the youngest rock shown on the cross-section.
60
What name is given to the release of energy associated with the formation of
geological features such as X–Y?
End of Section 2 Part A
Go on to Part B
– 31 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART A
BLANK PAGE
– 32 –
© Board of Studies NSW 2001
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART B
CENTRE NUMBER
STUDENT NUMBER
PART B
• Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page.
• Complete your answers in this booklet.
Question 61 (2 marks)
Outline TWO medical uses of nuclear energy.
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
Please turn over
S12b
– 33 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART B
Marks
Question 62 (5 marks)
A student recorded the following information on a biology field trip.
Table
Key
Distance
from creek
(m)
0
Symbol
Description of
vegetation or ground
cover
gravel and
sand
edge of creek
Q
0–4
P
4–17
small wattle bushes
17–21
bare ground
21–28
grasses
28–31
bare ground
31–36
closely spaced
paperbark trees
36–45
tall gum trees,
with smooth
bark and thin trunks
Description
wattle
bushes
grasses
paperbark
trees
gum trees
Incomplete scale diagram
0
45
Distance from creek (m)
Question 62 continues on page 35
– 34 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART B
Marks
Question 62 (continued)
(a)
Description P is missing from the table.
1
Write a suitable description for P.
...............................................................................................................................
(b)
Symbol Q is missing from the key.
1
Draw the missing symbol in the box below.
(c)
Complete the scale diagram, including the horizontal scale, to represent
all the information recorded by the student.
3
Scale diagram
0
45
Distance from creek (m)
Please turn over
– 35 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART B
Marks
Question 63 (6 marks)
The table shows the results obtained during an experiment.
(a)
Temperature of 200 mL of water (°C)
10
15
25
50
90
Time for one vitamin tablet to dissolve (s)
120
60
40
20
10
One point from the table has been plotted. Complete the graph of these
results. Label the axes correctly.
4
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(b)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
From your graph, estimate how long it would take for one vitamin tablet
to dissolve in 200 mL of water at 35°C.
1
...............................................................................................................................
(c)
Why would a measuring cylinder be more appropriate than a beaker to
measure the volume of water in this experiment?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
End of Section 2 Part B
Go on to Part C
– 36 –
© Board of Studies NSW 2001
1
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART C
CENTRE NUMBER
STUDENT NUMBER
PART C
• Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page.
• Complete your answers in this booklet.
Part C continues on page 38
S12c
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2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART C
Marks
Question 64 (8 marks)
(a)
The diagram shows a screw-thread light globe.
Glass bulb
Thin metal
filament
Wire connected
to metal cap
on base
Wire connected
to screw thread
Metal screw
thread
Non-conducting
material (insulator)
Metal base cap
Question 64 continues on page 39
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2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART C
Marks
Question 64 (continued)
(i)
Why does the globe NOT work if the filament is broken?
1
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(ii)
Complete the diagram by extending wires P and Q to show where
they need to be connected to the globe so that it turns on.
2
P
Battery
Q
(b)
(i)
Draw a circuit diagram to show a switch, a battery and two
globes with the globes connected in parallel.
4
(ii)
The light globes on Christmas tree lights are connected in parallel.
Why is it an advantage to connect these lights in parallel rather
than in series?
1
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Please turn over
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2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART C
Marks
Question 65 (6 marks)
Some herbal remedies are used in ways similar to conventional medicines
prescribed by doctors.
Design an investigation you could undertake to compare the effectiveness of
ONE herbal remedy and ONE conventional medicine that are both used to
relieve swelling caused by insect bites.
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End of Section 2 Part C
Go on to Part D
– 40 –
© Board of Studies NSW 2001
6
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART D
CENTRE NUMBER
STUDENT NUMBER
PART D
• Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page.
• Complete your answers in this booklet.
Part D continues on page 42
S12d
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2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART D
Marks
Question 66 (7 marks)
HOW IMMUNISATION WORKS
Injection of
harmless
forms of an
infection
Antibodies
produced by
the body
When a
harmful form
of the
infection
attacks,
antibodies
recognise and
destroy it
Blood with
antibodies is
removed to
make serum
ACTIVE IMMUNISATION
(a)
(b)
Serum is
injected into
another
infected
person
Antibodies
recognise and
destroy
infection
PASSIVE IMMUNISATION
What symbol is used in the diagram to represent:
(i)
antibodies?
..........................
1
(ii)
a harmful form of infection? ..........................
1
Compare active and passive immunisation in terms of antibody
production.
2
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Doctors recommend that some people have a ‘flu shot’ each year. This is an
injection to stimulate the body to produce antibodies to protect the person
against mutating flu viruses.
(c)
Is this active or passive immunisation? .........................................................
1
(d)
Suggest why a ‘flu shot’ may be needed each year. ....................................
2
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– 42 –
2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART D
Question 67 (6 marks)
Select a biotechnology that you have studied, and discuss the impacts on society of its
development and use.
Biotechnology ............................................................................................................................
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End of test
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2001 SCT • SCIENCE • SECTION 2 • PART D
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© Board of Studies NSW 2001