TABLE OF CONTENTS
MODULE
PAGE
MODULE 6: UNDERSTANDING AND ENGAGING IN PERSUASION ................ 1
UNIT 1: UNDERSTANDING PERSUASION ......................................................... 2
UNIT 2: PERSUASIVE DEVICES – PART 1......................................................... 8
UNIT 3: PERSUASIVE DEVICES – PART 2......................................................... 14
UNIT 4: ADVERTISEMENTS ............................................................................... 21
UNIT 5: THE NEWSPAPER EDITORIAL PAGE ................................................... 28
Language and Communication – Part 1
Module 6 – Understanding and Engaging in
Persuasion
Introduction
Welcome to Module 6 of your Language and Communication course, Part 1.
You have now reached the final stage in this part of the course and we know you
have worked very hard to get this far. In Module 6, we will be looking at the
language of persuasion, which deals with the ways in which people try to win
others over to their point of view with what they say, write or illustrate in pictures.
Persuasion is a useful topic to learn since we encounter it daily and we have to
be able to decide if we should believe or support what we read or hear. There
are also times when we ourselves may need to convince others for a particular
reason.
Module Objectives
When you complete this module you will be able to:
·
show knowledge of persuasive devices/techniques.
·
understand bias in choice of words used in various presentations.
·
communicate ideas using persuasive devices.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
UNIT 1:
UNDERSTANDING PERSUASION
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
·
list examples of persuasion.
·
list examples of material in which persuasion is used.
·
identify specific persuasive words/phrases used in speech or writing.
Do you ever try to talk someone into doing something? Do you ever try to get
others to see things your way? If you do, you are trying to persuade.
People who persuade try to get others to either take a particular course of action
or behave in a way that they favour or approve of. If you have a friend who tries
to persuade you to do something or think a certain way, s/he may do this by
arguing, by providing facts, by giving advice, or by appealing to your emotions or
to a particular need you have. Sometimes someone tries to talk us into not
doing something. When someone persuades us in this way, we say that person
is trying to dissuade us. Dissuasion is therefore another type of persuasion.
†1
Activity A
List examples of things that you, your friends or your family would try to convince
one another to do or not to do. Two examples have been done for you.
1. Use less salt in your food.
2. Go to church regularly.
3._______________________________________________________________
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
4._______________________________________________________________
5._______________________________________________________________
6._______________________________________________________________
7._______________________________________________________________
8._______________________________________________________________
Look back at the examples that were given to you, as well as the ones you wrote
in Activity A.
How would you or someone you know actually go about
convincing another person to do or not to do the things that were listed? First of
all, you would try to use arguments that you thought would win the person over.
You would therefore be very careful in your choice of the words.
Examine the following sentences:
1. You should eat carrots; they are good for your eyes.
2. Don’t buy that car; the parts are hard to get.
3. If you tell the truth, you will feel better.
4. Wear the blue suit; it is the best one for the occasion.
5. Don’t drink and drive; it is dangerous.
You will notice that in each of the sentences, the speaker offers a convincing
reason why the other person should take his or her advice. This is what
persuasion is all about; it involves trying to make people feel confident that what
we say is true and will be for their benefit.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
What specific words are being used here to convince the listener?
1. You should eat carrots; they are good for your eyes.
2. Don’t buy that car; the parts are hard to get.
3. If you tell the truth, you will feel better.
4. Wear the blue suit; it is the best one for the occasion.
5. Don’t drink and drive; it is dangerous.
In the sentences above, the words that are underlined have been used to make
the argument more convincing. They achieve this by pointing to something either
positive or negative that the speaker feels will be important to the listener.
†1
Activity B
Reread sentences 1-5 above and then write five similar persuasive sentences of
your own.
Having looked at examples of how you, your friends and your family try to
persuade (or dissuade) one another, can you now think of others around us who
often try to convince us to listen to them and ‘buy’ what they are saying?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
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Activity C
(1) Complete the following list of persons apart from our friends and family who
try to persuade (or dissuade) us for one reason or another:
(a) Politicians
(b) Pastors
(c)________________
(d)________________
(e)________________
(2) For each example that you gave, write what this person would try to convince
you to do (or not to do). Examples (a) and (b) have been done for you.
(a)To vote for their party in general elections
(b) To live peacefully with our neighbours
(c)______________________________________________
(d)______________________________________________
(e)______________________________________________
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Sometimes when people want to persuade (or dissuade) us, they do not actually
tell us themselves, but find some other method of reaching us. The same is true
when we ourselves want to convince others. For example, when we write a letter
of application for a job, we are trying to persuade an employer to hire us, or at
least, to allow us to come in for an interview. When we watch TV or read the
newspapers, we see advertisements that try to get us to buy a product or use a
service.
We often listen to radio commentaries in which people use various
ways of convincing us that their views are right.
Sometimes we even see
bumper stickers on motor vehicles that attempt to persuade or dissuade us.
†1
Activity D
Complete the list of materials that are used to persuade (or dissuade) by adding
examples of your own.
1. Job application letter
2. Advertisements
3. News commentaries
4. Bumper stickers
5.______________________________________
6._______________________________________
7._______________________________________
8._________________________________________
9._________________________________________
10.________________________________________
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Unit Review
In this unit you learnt what persuasion is, and how and why it is used. In your
notebook, complete the following tasks to see if you have understood the unit.
R
To persuade means to ________________________________
R
To dissuade means to ________________________________
R
Learning about persuasion is useful because
_______________________________________________________
R
‘Don’t drink and drive’ is one example of a public service message that
tries to persuade (or dissuade) us. Give examples of three other public
service messages.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
UNIT 2:
PERSUASIVE DEVICES – PART 1
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
·
identify repetition, emotional appeal, exaggeration and rhetorical
questions in persuasive pieces.
·
explain the effect these devices have on the reader, listener or viewer.
There are many devices or methods used to persuade (or dissuade). In this unit,
we will look at four of them. You will learn about others in Unit 3.
Repetition
Read the following passage:
As I walk the streets daily, I come across hundreds of children.
Hundreds of children, I mean literally hundreds of children who roam the
streets.
Where are their parents?
Our children need care and
protection – protection from vicious men and women; protection from
drug dealers, protection from abusers.
Notice the phrase hundreds of children and the word protection, both of which
are repeated. What effect did the repetition have on you?
Writers and speakers repeat words, phrases or entire sentences either to
emphasise points or to entertain the reader.
When we listen to politicians as
they speak, we notice that very often they use repetition to ensure that their
arguments convince us.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Emotional appeal
We all know that emotions are feelings like love, anger, fear or sympathy that we
experience. Along with our emotions, we experience the desire for certain things
we think will make us feel better, or live a healthier life. When we read or hear
things that are intended to get us to respond emotionally, or to stir up the desire
for things to improve our lives, we are dealing with examples of emotional
appeal.
Everyday something we read or hear appeals to our emotions and desires.
Many times, these appeals come to us from the print and electronic media in the
form of advertisements or other announcements, which highlight some of the
needs we may have. Some of these are the need or desire for comfort, luxury,
love, status, good health, progress, quality and security. We may also feel the
need to look attractive, and to feel like we belong. Sometimes those who try to
appeal to our emotions or desires are people to whom we are very close.
Examples of emotional appeal
·
Please, pretty please, can you do that for me?
·
If you love me, you will forgive me for crashing the car.
·
Buy now, save later.
·
Keep your home safe with SuperLock doors.
·
Upgrade yourself at Higher Minds Institute.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity A
What emotions or desires come to mind in the following sentences?
(1) Undertakers love careless overtakers.
(2) If you can’t read, you can’t succeed.
(3) This book will help you put the joy back in your relationship.
(4) We offer you a choice of top class brands.
(5) We guarantee you will weep when you hear their stories.
(6) Boost yourself up with Super Vitamins.
(7) Don’t be selfish. Share what you have with the less fortunate.
(8) Don’t be left behind. Join the thousands who have switched to BetterCell.
Good speakers use many persuasive devices to capture their audience.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Exaggeration
When we exaggerate, we stretch the truth or make things appear greater than
they are. For example, you might hear someone say: “Him face so sour, it turn
the milk”. When we say things like this, we do it not to tell a lie, but to emphasise
a point.
Examples of exaggeration
·
She screamed so loudly, you could hear it in China.
·
He waited so long for service that he grew a beard.
·
I’ve eaten so much I could burst.
†1
Activity B
Write four original examples of exaggeration.
Rhetorical question
We often hear people say: “You ever see mi dying trial?” When someone asks
a question like that, we are not expected to answer yes or no, but we
immediately understand that the person has a problem to share. When Bob
Marley asked, “do you remember the days of slavery?” we knew that he did not
expect to get an answer. He asked the question to bring attention to a very
important subject.
These types of questions are different from regular questions that require an
answer, for example: “What time is it?” or “When are you coming to see me?” or
“Who is that woman?”
When a writer or speaker asks a rhetorical question, s/he is really saying that the
answer is obvious and that the reader or listener has no choice but to agree with
him or her.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Examples of rhetorical questions
·
Can you believe the price of this toy?
·
What kind of fool do you take me for?
·
Is she for real?
·
Are you going to allow him to talk to you like that?
·
Why am I wasting my time here?
†1
Activity C
Identify which of the following are rhetorical questions and which are regular
questions.
(1) Do you expect me to wait out here all night?
(2) How much does that jacket cost?
(3) Who is this child’s mother?
(4) Should we allow them to treat us like slaves?
(5) Can you imagine how hard it is to run a mile?
(6) Does this contain coffee or tea?
(7) Are you in your right mind?
(8) Should ganja be legalised?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Unit Review
In this unit you learnt about four persuasive devices. In your notebook, complete
the following task to see if you have understood the unit.
R
Identify where repetition, emotional appeal, exaggeration and rhetorical
questions have been used in the following passage.
By this time tomorrow, millions of peoples all over the world who are alive right
now will be dead. Not because they were in a car wreck, not because they were
gunned down, not because their time had come, not even because they weren’t
in the hospital, but simply because they couldn’t be given a life-saving transplant
in time. Millions will die because the organ transplant they need, will not be
possible. Would you want to be among those millions? What about your friends
or family? You don’t need to have a heart the size of a pumpkin to show that you
care. When you decide to be an organ donor you could be saving the life of
someone you love.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
UNIT 3:
PERSUASIVE DEVICES – PART 2
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
·
identify comparison, special vocabulary and humour in persuasive
pieces.
·
explain the effect these devices have on the reader, listener or viewer.
In this unit we will look at three more persuasive devices.
Comparison
Sometimes when speakers and writers want to convey information that may be
difficult for their audience to understand, they draw attention to the similarities or
differences among people or things. They use familiar situations to which their
audiences can relate. Comparison can also be used to emphasise a point. You
will learn the special names for the different types of comparison in Part 2 of the
Language and Communication course, as well as in Part 1 of your Literature,
Culture and the Arts course. For now, you will only be required to recognise
comparison when you see it.
Examples of comparison
·
He sat like a king on his throne.
·
Danny has eyes of ice.
·
Life is like climbing a staircase; you have to take it one step at a time.
·
Write your essay as if you were building a house: lay a good foundation
with the introductory paragraph, and then reinforce it with supporting
ideas.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
In each of the examples given, a comparison is being made between two things.
In number 1, the way a particular man sits resembles the way a king would sit on
his throne. Such a comparison is very effective because we can picture the man
sitting in a proud or dignified way. In the second example, we being are told that
Danny’s eyes are cold. We know this, because they are compared to ice. This
is telling us something negative about either Danny’s personality or his mood.
†1
Activity A
Read the paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
School uniforms seem to me to be an excellent feature of school life. The
wearing of a uniform or crest proudly shows membership of any institution or
organisation. Club members wear ties and caps; nurses are not ashamed of
their special dress; soldiers and pilots, when they are on duty, are glad to wear
uniform and are proud of their badges. Medals, sashes and other decorations
make awardees of various honours stand out. There can be no doubt that
uniform appeals to a deeply rooted human desire: the wish to ‘belong’.
(1) What is the writer trying to persuade his audience about?
(2) List the persons to whom the writer compares school children.
3) Write why you think this comparison is being made.
(4) Identify one other persuasive device used in the passage and write the words
or phrases in which it is found.
Humour
When we tell a joke or write something that is funny so we can make others
laugh, we are using humour. Humour is a very popular persuasive device
because situations that are funny tend to stick in our minds. A short sentence or
phrase can contain humour, but sometimes we have to wait for the end of a
longer piece of writing to get the joke. We can also find humour in illustrations.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Examples of humour
“I hope that at the polls you will continue on that wise path you have begun here
tonight. For you will be asked to vote soon, and I want you to know that in voting
for me you are voting for truth, for justice, for decency and love, and for a higher
standard of living. And please don’t worry about your jobs. You are not being
paid enough to worry.”
Do you get the joke in the cartoon above? The cook-shop establishment also
runs a gas station. Customers who dine at the cook-shop may also fill up their
vehicles at the gas station. Anyone reading the sign, however, would think that
the food served there, gives you gas!
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Special vocabulary
It is common for writers and speakers to strengthen their arguments by choosing
words, which will have an effect on how the reader or listener thinks about a
person, item or issue. For example, if you describe someone as being slim, it
sounds much different from describing the same person as skinny. If you are
not careful, you may allow someone’s choice of words to do your thinking for you.
Two newspapers wrote different headlines about the same issue. Examine them
closely.
(a) School disciplines unruly student
(b) School denies student’s rights.
Notice how the first headline makes the school’s decision seem like a positive
move, while the second headline makes it appear negative. At the same time,
headline (a) gives us a bad picture of the student while headline (b) makes us
believe that the student is in the right.
The underlined words in each headline show exactly how this is done. These
words are meant to have an effect on how the readers view the situation. What
has happened here is that both newspapers have expressed completely different
opinions about the same thing. One takes the side of the school and the other
takes the side of the student. By the special vocabulary they have chosen, both
newspapers are trying to win readers over to their point of view.
Look at two more newspaper headlines see how each has a different approach
to a topic:
(a) Court champions policemen’s freedoms.
(b) Court squashes citizens’ privileges.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
In this pair of headlines, the one from the first newspaper gives a positive view of
the Court and the second gives a negative view. Meanwhile, the first headline
defends the policemen, while the second takes up the cause of citizens. Again,
the underlined words show how this is achieved.
†1
Activity B
In each of the following pairs of sentences, the same idea is expressed using
different words or phrases. Explain how the choice of words in each sentence
gives the reader a different view of the subject.
1(a) Sara is mentally ill.
(b) Sara is mad.
2 (a) Kenan was fired from his job.
(b) Kenan’s company let him go.
3 (a) He has just been released from a correctional facility.
(b) He has just been released from prison.
4 (a) Jimmy is an alcoholic.
(b) Jimmy is a drunk.
5 (a) I have bought a used car.
(b) I have bought a pre-owned car.
You should note that it is possible for a sentence or phrase to contain more than
one persuasive device. Look at this example:
How could you ignore the desperate cries of this sweet, sweet child?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
This sentence contains three persuasive devices. First it carries emotional
appeal by using the phrase desperate cries. It also contains repetition (sweet,
sweet) and is a rhetorical question.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Unit Review
In this unit you learnt about three more persuasive devices. In your notebook,
complete the following task to see if you have understood the unit.
R
Identify where comparison, humour and special vocabulary have been
used in the following passage.
School uniforms are an outdated feature of school life, like your grandmother
wearing ribbons or being potty-trained. The purpose of education is to develop
students’ talents in a way that allows them to express their personality.
Uniforms, by their very nature, are hostile to this purpose. Children forced to look
like their peers will either lose some of their individuality, or will rebel against the
attempt to reduce them to the status of tinned sardines.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
UNIT 4:
ADVERTISEMENTS
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
·
state the purpose of selected advertisements.
·
identify the target audience in specific advertisements.
·
identify persuasive devices used in advertisements.
·
create advertisements using specific persuasive devices.
Have you ever wondered why some products and services do well on the market
and some do not? One of the reasons is advertising, which tells people about
these products and services. We read, watch and hear advertisements
(pronounce it ad-VERTIS-ments) every day in the newspaper and magazines, on
the television and on the radio. Advertisers are always trying to come up with
new and exciting ways to promote or sell goods or services. When they do this,
they often use persuasive devices to catch the attention of the audience.
Not all advertisements are intended to appeal to everyone. Some advertisements
are aimed at specific groups of people, for example, teenagers, senior citizens,
householders, business people, parents, or persons with special challenges,
such as diabetes or acne or cancer. The words or pictures used in the
advertisement will usually indicate who the specific group or target audience is.
An advertisement may include facts, opinions or both. You learnt the difference
between facts and opinions in Unit 5 of Module 5. Reread this unit if you need
to refresh your memory.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity A
(1) State the target audience for each advertisement below.
(2) List the persuasive devices used in each advertisement.
(a) Our amazing Wrinkle Remover will give you a face like a baby in thirty days or
less. This remarkable cream has special ingredients to make your wrinkles
disappear. Can you afford to say ‘no’ to such a deal?
(b) Thinquick will remove pounds and inches from your body in no time. This
incredible machine helps you to exercise correctly and provides an easy video to
show you the proper way to work out. Buy it today and witness results you won’t
believe.
(c) PUPPIES FOR SALE: Donna’s Pet Store, Mega Mall: We have the cutest
pedigree puppies, with hearts of gold. They make wonderful pets for you to play
with. Tell Mummy and Daddy to get you one.
Advertisements that appear in the newspapers usually carry illustrations to give
the reader a clearer picture of the product or service. Many times, colour is used
in advertisements as this makes them more attractive.
It costs much more,
however, to use colour in newspaper advertisements.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity B
Study the advertisements that follow, and then complete the following tasks for
each one.
1. Who is the target audience for each advertisement?
2. To what desire/emotion/need does each appeal?
3. List the words or phrases that demonstrate this desire/emotion/need.
4. List the facts in each advertisement.
5. Write the opinion statements.
6. How does each illustration help to ‘sell’ the advertisement?
A
A
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
B
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity C
You are working for a company that promotes agricultural products and you plan
to use the picture below in an advertisement for a brand of plant food. Write the
text to go with the picture, using no more than 45 words. Remember to use
suitable persuasive devices and give your product a name.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity D
You are trying to promote a new brand of toothpaste that contains a very
effective whitener.
(1) Give your product a name.
(2) Who would be your target audience?
(3) Prepare a list of ten words that you would use to persuade people to buy this
product.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Unit Review
In this unit you learnt how advertisements are used to persuade. In your
notebook, complete the following tasks to see if you have understood the unit.
R
R
R
Cut and paste in your portfolio three advertisements from a newspaper or
magazine in which words have been used in an attempt to get the reader
to do something or to buy a product.
Underline any words in the advertisement where persuasive devices are
used.
Explain why you think the writers chose these words and what s/he hoped
to achieve by using them.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
UNIT 5:
THE NEWSPAPER EDITORIAL PAGE
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:
·
identify persuasive items in newspapers.
·
answer questions based on persuasive items.
Our newspapers are filled with advertisements, but these are not the only items
that carry persuasive messages. All newspapers have what is called an editorial
page, which contains opinions of all kinds. Sometimes three or more pages in a
newspaper are dedicated to editorial material.
The opinions that are carried on the editorial page often come in the form of
articles where people express their views and try to convince readers that these
views are correct. Many of these articles appear in special columns written by
people who are paid to express their views. Other opinions communicated in
letters to the editor, are written by citizens who want to comment on issues that
they feel are important. Sometimes, too, a cartoon appears on the editorial page.
This cartoon usually comments on current issues in the society and may also use
special devices to persuade readers.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity A
Read the following selection from a newspaper column and complete the tasks
given below it.
Karen Joy Lewis
The Daily Torch
Waste disposal at the country’s dairy farms continues to be a problem, and
the bigger the farm, the bigger the problem and the bigger the risk to the
health of ordinary citizens. Only last month, the Environmental Sanitation
Unit of the Ministry of Health cited Blueberry Dairies for eight breaches
relating to the pollution of drains and a nearby river. The Ministry charged
the company with improperly dumping waste. Residents say the filth had
piled up as high as a mountain at the time when the Ministry stepped in.
1. Identify four persuasive devices used in the article and list them.
2. Why does the writer use the words ‘ordinary citizens’?
3. Who is the target audience?
4. How does the writer want Blueberry Dairies to feel?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity B
Read the following paragraphs from a letter to the editor and complete the tasks.
The Editor
The Daily Torch
Dear Madam
Police reports show that about 360 people are killed in road accidents in
this country each year. At the same time, only about 100 die from heart
attacks over a similar period. The average number of road deaths amounts
to about one a day. Chances are, someone we are close to could be the
next victim.
The cause in most cases ranges from overloading, reckless driving,
speeding and brake failure, to a vehicle trying to avoid hitting a person or
animal crossing the highway. The law that exists to monitor the fitness and
roadworthiness of vehicles, and which allows the highway police to
monitor the loads carried by heavy vehicles, needs to be strictly enforced.
So should speed limits, but does anyone really care?
Yours truly,
Byron James
1.
Write the sentences where a rhetorical question, emotional appeal, and
comparisons are used.
2.
For each persuasive device mentioned in question 1, write what effect its
use is meant to have on the reader.
3.
Name two groups of people the writer is trying to persuade.
4. State what the writer is trying to persuade these people to do.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity C
The cartoon on below is a commentary on the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in
Athens, Greece. You will notice that it shows two people engaged in a boxing
match. The person on the left represents sports and the one on the right
represents drugs.
1. Why do you think this cartoon was drawn in the first place?
2. What message is the cartoonist trying to send?
3. To whom is he trying to send this message?
4. Why does the cartoonist use the illustration of a boxing match to send this
message?
5. Why do you think the boxer on the left is drawn bigger than the boxer on the
right?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
†1
Activity D
Study the cartoon below and complete the following tasks based on it.
1. Explain what is happening in the cartoon.
2. What is the cartoonist trying to say about talk shows?
3. In real life, talk shows are programmes where people can express their views
as they try to persuade others that they are correct. List two other types of
programmes on the electronic media where people can express their opinions.
4. What are the persuasive devices used in this cartoon?
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
&
Many famous speakers and writers have made important persuasive
presentations. Among them are Marcus Garvey, Martin Luther King Jr. and
Nelson Mandela. Do research to find some of these presentations, which
changed the course of history. Read them and see how they affect you.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Unit Review
In this unit you learnt how persuasion is used on the newspaper editorial page. In
your notebook, complete the following tasks to see if you have understood the
unit.
R
R
R
Explain what editorial articles, letters to the editor and cartoons all have in
common.
Why do you think there is a special page for editorial material in a
newspaper?
Choose the correct response:
On the editorial page, we would expect to find:
A. facts only
B. opinions only
C. a mixture of facts and opinions
R
Name three important issues not mentioned in this unit, that you might
find being discussed on the editorial page of our daily newspapers.
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6
Ñ
Key Notes
Now that you have learnt about engaging in persuasion, here are some things
that you will need to keep in mind:
You met the word illustration in Module 3 when we looked at how we can give
or get information from pictures, maps, graphs and other visual materials. The
word illustration can also be used to mean an example given in speech or
writing. This example is usually very clear so that the listener or reader is able to
understand the idea the presenter wants to convey.
In the cartoon on page 31, you might have noticed the word transcript. A
transcript is a written or recorded copy of a programme or event where a
conversation or discussion took place. A transcript is also the name given to the
document prepared by a school or examination body with the details of an
individual’s marks over a specific time.
In this module you were introduced to the word editorial. This word is related to
editor, which refers to the person who prepares the work of others for publication
(or broadcast in the case of the electronic media). To edit means to review or
shorten or correct before publication or broadcast. You also edit your work when
you read it over and make corrections.
You have now come to the end of Part 1 of your Language and Communication
course. You should feel very proud that you have managed to complete the
tasks, and we are sure that between the time you started and now, you have
made tremendous improvements in speaking and writing English.
If you are
successful in the exam, will qualify to move on to Part 2.
Congratulations!
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Language and Communication Part 1 Module 6