WISE OWL™ Cursive Handwriting Practice Sentences

WISE OWL™
Cursive Handwriting Practice Sentences
Copyright © 2001, 2003, 2005, 2015 by Donald L. Potter
Odessa, TX
The WISE OWL™ English Practice Sentences give students valuable practice reading and writing the
840 WISE OWL™ Most Often Occurring Words in the context of well-written illustrative cursive
sentences.
The English words are introduced following the WISE OWL™ Phonogram Sequence, which is based on
the frequency that phonograms (symbol-to-sound relationships) appear in written English. The purpose of
the WISE OWL Cursive Handwriting Practice Sentences is to help students develop fluent cursive
handwriting through practice copying or writing from dictation well-written, meaningful sentences.
The sentences are a perfect followup to my Shortcut to Cursive or any good cursive handwriting
program. Comprehension is naturally included in the sentences and can be enhanced by asking questions
about the content. The WISE OWL Cursive Sentences provide the kind of daily focused reading and
writing needed for developing fluent use of the language for written commiunications.
WISE OWL™ English Cursive Practice Sentences
Table of Contents
Group 1
Sentences
1 – 20
Page
1
Group 2
Sentences
21 – 91
Pages 2 - 4
Group 3
Sentences
92 – 182
Page
5-8
Group 4
Sentences 183 – 242
Page
9 - 11
Group 5
Sentences 243 – 319
Page 12 - 15
Group 6
Sentences 320 – 352
Page 16 - 17
Group 7
Sentences 353 – 375
Page 18 - 19
Group 8
Sentences 376 – 413
Page 20 - 22
Group 1 Phonograms: a4 t s2 l e2 m i3 n
1. öøãæ ƒàˆíæ Äƒìæ Äæ ÀåæÄøãøãæ.
2. I ˆíæÄƒìæ.
3. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒàˆíæ Äˆíæ ƒìæÄøãøãæ Äˆíæ öøãæ.
4. I ÄÀåæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
5. öøãæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÀåæÄÀçæ.
6. öøãæ ƒàˆíæ øãæÄˆíƒìæ.
7. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ăì¬Ñæ ˆíæÄøãƒìæ.
8. I ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñæ ÀåæÄÀåæÄæ.
9. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ˆí¬Ñ¬ÑÀåˆíæ ƒìæÄøãøãæ.
10. I ÄÀåæ ˆíÀåæÄøãøãæ.
11. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒàˆíæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ.
12. ØÍÑøãøãæ ÀåæÄÀåæÄæ, “I ÄÀåæ ƒàøãøãæ.”
13. A øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ÀåæÄÀçæ Äƒì¬Ñæ Äæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ˆíæÄøãƒìæ.
14. I ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñæ Àå¬ÑÀçæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
15. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÀçæÄÀå¬Ñæ.
16. öøãæ ˆíæÄƒìæ.
17. §¬Ñƒìæ Àå¬Ñæ ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñæ Äæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
18. ÆÎàƒìæ ˆíƒìƒàøãøãæ.
19. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒàˆíæ ƒàÀçæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
20. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ.
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Group 2 Phonograms: o4 d b r er w h th2
21. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒñŒÑÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ.
22. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
23. ™æÄƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ øá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ.
24. ™æÄƒì¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ˆíæé„ ƒìæÄøãøãæ!
25. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒñŒÑÀçƒìæ ƒàÀçƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæÄøãøãæ.
26. ßæéÛíƒìæ Àå¬ÑÀçæ øãƒàˆíƒì¬ÑÀçæ.
27. I, Äøãˆíæé„, ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ Äæ ÀåæéÁåæ.
28. I Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ˆíæÄøãƒìæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ.
29. ßæéÁåæ øáæÄˆíæ øáæÄÀåæ.
30. DĿɿ ÄÀçæÉæ I Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ÀåæéÁåæ!
31. I Éæé„ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ Äæ øÅÃăìøáæ!
32. ˜ÀçæÉƒàæÄÀçæÄæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ˆíƒìæÄƒì¬Ñæ.
33. DĿɿ ƒàˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑˆíƒìæ ɿĿɿ.
34. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ƒàˆíæ øáæÄÀçæÉˆíæéÁå¬Ñæ!
35. ߃ëˆíæ. üËÄÀåæ ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñˆíæ ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ.
36. A ƒë¬ÑæÉæ É¬Ñ¬Ñƒëæ ƒëæÄÀçæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ.
37. üÍÑæ øáæÄˆíæ Äæ øÅŒÑƒìƒì¬Ñƒëæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ ƒàÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ øáæÄÀçæÉæ.
38. üÎàˆíæ ÀåæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñæ ÄøãæéÁç¬Ñæ.
39. üÍÑƒëæ ˆíƒàˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒàˆíæ øáæéÁç¬Ñˆíƒìæ.
40. ØÈáæÄƒìæ ƒàˆíæ øáƒàˆíæ øÅœëæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ. üÍÑæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ ƒñŒÑøãøãæ.
41. I Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ Äæ øÅÃăìøáæ.
42. DĿɿ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ ˆíƒàˆíƒì¬Ñƒëˆíæ.
43. Oøáæ, ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øÅŒÑ¬Ñæ øÅŒÑøáƒàÀçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑæÉæ!
44. W¬Ñæ ÉæéÁçæ’ƒìæ Àåƒàˆíˆíæ ƒìøá¬ÑÀåæ.
45. I ƒñÃÄÀçƒì¬ÑæÉæ ˆíæéÁå¬Ñæ ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ.
46. üÍÑæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ƒì¬ÑƒëƒëƒàøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒàæÉ¬ÑæÄæ.
47. üÍуë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ øáƒàˆíæ é‰ãæÉæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ.
48. I ƒìæé‰ãæÉæ øáƒàÀåæ øá¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ é‰ãæÉæ.
49. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÁåæÄÀçæ øá¬ÑøãæÉæ Äæ õÎàøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ øá¬Ñƒëæ øÅÃăë¬Ñæ øáæÄÀçæÉæ.
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50. I ƒñœàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ éÁç¬Ñæ ÀåæéÁçƒìøáæ.
51. I ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ÄÀçæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ øÅŒÑæÉæ.
52. ØÈá¬ÑÀçæ ÀåæéÁåæ ƒñŒÑÀçƒìæ ƒñŒÑˆíƒìæ.
53. ØÈá¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀçæÉæ.”
54. Tøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ øÅŒÑƒìƒñŒÑ¬ÑÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒñÃé„ ƒñÃéÁå¬ÑÀçæ.
55. ØÈá¬Ñˆí¬Ñæ øÅŒÑ¬Ñˆíæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ ƒì¬ÑƒëƒëƒàøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
56. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒìƒñÃé„ ƒñÃéÁå¬ÑÀçæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒàˆíøãæÄÀçæÉæ.
57. üÍуë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ߃ëæ. ™ƒàÀç¬Ñæ’ˆíæ ÄæÉæÉƒë¬Ñˆíˆíæ.
58. I’Àåæ ˆíæé„ ÄøãæéÁç¬Ñæ! [I’Àåæ = I ÄÀåæ]
59. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ øã¬Ñˆíˆíæ ƒìøáæÄÀçæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ øãƒàÀåøÅÒíæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ.
60. ÆËéÁå¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÁå¬ÑÀçæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ øÅŒÑæ Àåæé„ɬуëÀçæ.
61. W¬Ñæ ƒì¬Ñøãøãæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåƒàÀçæÉæ.
62. ˜ƒìæ ɃàæÉÀçæ’ƒìæ ÀåæÄƒìƒì¬Ñƒëæ. [ɃàæÉÀçæ’ƒìæ = ɃàæÉæ ÀçæéÙìæ]
63. üÍÑæ ˆí¬Ñ¬ÑÀå¬ÑæÉæ é‰ãæÉæ ƒìæé„ Àå¬Ñæ.
64. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÁå¬ÑÀçæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ øÅŒÑæ ƒñŒÑøãøãæ.
65. üÎàˆíæ ˆíƒàˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ øáæÄˆíæ øÅŒÑ¬ÑÀçæ øáæéÁç¬Ñˆíƒìæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ Àå¬Ñæ.
66. A ÀåƒàøãøãƒàæéÁçæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìæéÙìæÄøãæ.
67. ØÈáæÄƒìæ’ˆíæ øáƒàˆíæ øÅœëæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ. [ƒìøáæÄƒìæ’ˆíæ = ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒàˆíæ]
68. ˜ƒìæ’ˆíæ Äæ øÅÃĿɿ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ. [ƒàƒìæ’ˆíæ = ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ]
69. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ˆíƒàƒìæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ. [ÉæéÁçæ’ƒìæ = Éæé„ ÀçæéÙìæ]
70. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ÄÀçˆíƒñŒÑƒë¬ÑæÉæ, “˜Àçæ éÁç¬Ñæ ÀåæéÁå¬ÑÀçƒìæ I ƒñœàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ.”
71. üÍÑæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÄÀçˆíƒñŒÑƒëæ øáƒàˆíæ ÀåæéÁåæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒì¬ÑæÉæ.
72. ˜ƒìæ’ˆíæ Äæ øÅŒÑ¬Ñæ.
73. üÍÑæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ ƒì¬ÑƒëÀåƒàÀçæÄƒì¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Àå¬ÑÀåøÅŒÑƒëˆíæ.
74. I’Àåæ ÀçæéÙìæ ƒñŒÑøãøãæ.
75. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ˆíƒàƒìæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ!
76. ØÍÑøãøãæ øáƒàÀåæ ÄÀçæ øáæéÁç¬Ñˆíƒìæ ÄÀçˆíƒñŒÑƒëæ.
77. Dé„ ƒñŒÑæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ˆíæéÁå¬Ñæ ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ?
78. DéÂÑˆíæ øá¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒì¬Ñøãøãæ Äæ ƒìæÄøã¬Ñæ?
79. ˜ˆíæ øá¬Ñæ ÉæéÁç¬Ñæ?
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80. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒàˆíæ øãæÄƒì¬Ñæ.
81. üÍÑæ ăì¬Ñæ øãæÄƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøáæÄÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ ÀåæÄÀåæÄæ ăì¬Ñæ.
82. ØÈáæéÛí¬Ñæ éÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ É¬Ñ¬Ñƒëæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ Äƒìæ øáƒàˆíæ øÅÕãƒàÀçæÉæ ˆíƒàæÉ¬Ñæ.
83. ØÍÑøãøãæ Àå¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ.
84. ØÈá¬Ñæ éÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ ƒàˆíæ ÀåƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
85. I Àåƒàˆíˆíæ ÀåæÄÀåæÄæ.
86. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ ƒàˆíæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
87. DĿɿ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíæÄÀå¬Ñæ ƒàæÉ¬ÑæÄæ.
88. öøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÁå¬ÑÀçæ Äƒì¬Ñæ ɬѬуëæ.
89. I øáæÄæÉæ ƒìøáæéÛí¬Ñæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãˆíæ.
90. ߃ëæ. ™ƒàÀç¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ øáæéÁç¬Ñˆíƒìæ.
91. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑ¬Ñæ øÅœàƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ é‰ãæÉæ ÀåæÄÀçæ.
4
Group 3 Phonograms: u4 f y4 or c2 g2
92. üÍÑæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉˆíæ ÀåæéÙë¬Ñæ øãæÄÀçæÉæ ƒìøáæÄÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ øÅœëæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ.
93. I ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒîÀçæ, øÅœîƒìæ §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ ƒë¬Ñˆíƒìæ.
94. I Àåƒîˆíƒìæ ƒë¬Ñˆíƒìæ ƒîÀçæÉ¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ ˆíƒàÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ øáæéÙìæ.
95. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ øÖƒîÀçæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ øÅœîˆíæ.
96. ØÈáƒàˆíæ ƒàˆíæ øÖƒîÀçæ. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øÅÃĈíƒàˆíæ øÖæéÙëæ øÖƒîÀçæ.
97. ª‡Ñˆíæ, ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæÄæÉƒòŸ ÇæÄÀçæ øÖøãƒòŸ. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ÄÀçæ ƒàÀçƒì¬Ñƒë¬Ñˆíƒìæ é‰Öæ øá¬Ñƒëæ’ˆíæ.
98. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒìæ.
99. I ÇæÄÀçæ ˆíƒîøÅœìƒëæÄæÇƒìæ ÄÀçæÉæ Éæé„ ˆíƒîÀåˆíæ.
100. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÀåæÄøãøãæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ǬÑÀçƒì¬Ñƒëæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ǃàƒìƒòŸ.
101. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøÅœòŸ ÇæÄÀçæ’ƒìæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ÀåæÄƒìøáæ. üÍÑæ ƒàˆíæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ.
102. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒîÀçƒîˆíƒîæÄøãæ ÉæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ÀåƒîˆíƒàæÇæ ƒàˆíæ øÖƒîÀçæ.
103. öøÖƒì¬Ñƒëæ ɃàÀçÀç¬Ñƒëæ, I ƒñœàøãøãæ ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñæ ÀåƒòŸ øÖæÄÀåƒàøãƒòŸ.
104. ˜øÖæ I ǃëƒòŸ, ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøÅœòŸ ƒñœàøãøãæ ǃëƒòŸ.
105. Făìøá¬Ñƒëæ ɃàæÉÀçæ’ƒìæ øÖƒàÀçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ.
106. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøÅœòŸ ăì¬Ñæ øÅœòŸ øáƒàÀåˆí¬ÑøãøÖæ.
107. DĿɿ ǃîƒìæ Äæ øÅÃÄÀçæÄÀçæÄæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒîˆíæ.
108. ØÈá¬Ñæ ±Àçƒàƒì¬ÑæÉæ ÆÎìæÄƒì¬Ñˆíæ é‰Öæ öÀå¬ÑƒëƒàæÇæÄæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ ƒë¬ÑæÜ¸àæéÁçæ!
109. ߃òŸ Éæé„ÜŸ ƒàˆíæ øÅœàæÜŸ.
110. “±Àçƒìƒàøãæ øãæÄƒì¬Ñƒëæ.”
111. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ÇøãæÄˆíˆíæ ƒàˆíæ øÖƒîÀçæ.
112. OÀç¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ ÀçƒîÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ÀçƒîÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ.
113. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæÉƒòŸ ÇæéÛíƒìæ ƒìƒñŒÑÀçƒìƒòŸ ǬÑÀçƒìˆíæ.
114. üÍÑæ ƒëæÄÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒìæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øáƒàˆíæ øÖ¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ.
115. I ÜŸéÙìæ Äæ øÖƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ øãæÄˆíƒìæ F¬ÑøÅœëƒîæÄƒëƒòŸ.
116. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ÇæÄÀçæ éÙëæÉ¬Ñƒëæ øãæéÁçæÜ‡Ñƒëæ øáæéÙìæÉæé„ÜÚíæ øÖæéÙëæ øáƒàˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ.
117. I øÖ¬Ñ¬Ñøãæ ˆíæÄæÉæ ˆíƒàÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ÀåƒòŸ øÅœëæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ øáæÄˆíæ ÜŸéÁç¬Ñæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ.
118. ØÈá¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ øÖ¬Ñøãƒìæ ˆíæÄæÉæ Äøãøãæ øÅœòŸ øáƒàÀåˆí¬ÑøãøÖæ.
119. OÀçøãƒòŸ ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñæ øÅœàæÇƒòŸÇøã¬Ñˆíæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
øáƒàøãøãˆíæ.
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120. I ÇæÄÀçæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ øá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ, éÙëæ I ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ ÄÀçæÉæ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñæ ÀåƒòŸ
øÅœàæÇƒòŸÇøã¬Ñæ.
121. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ÇæÄÀçæ ÜŸé„ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìæéÙë¬Ñæ Äøãøãæ øÅœòŸ øá¬Ñƒëˆí¬ÑøãøÖæ.
122. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøÅœòŸ ƒñœàøãøãæ ǃëƒòŸ Äøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ.
123. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Çæé‰ãæÉæ ƒàÀçæ F¬ÑøÅœëƒîæÄƒëƒòŸ.
124. I ÄÀåæ ÀçæéÙìæ ˆíæÄæÉæ, ƒò‡Ñƒìæ.
125. öøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ øÅŒÑæÜŸÄÀçæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒìæ.
126. W¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ƒìæé„܇уìøá¬Ñƒëæ.
127. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑˆíƒìæ.
128. ØÈáƒàˆíæ ÀåæéÁçƒìøáæ ƒàˆíæ Oǃìæé‰ÅŒÑƒëæ.
129. D¬ÑæÇ¬ÑÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ Çæé‰ãæÉæ ÀåæéÁçƒìøáæ.
130. öøãæ éÁçæÇ¬Ñæ øã¬ÑøÖƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
131. ߃òŸ øÅÃé„ɃòŸ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉˆíæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ é‰Öæ ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ.
132. ØÈá¬Ñæ ˆíƒîÀçæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ, ƒìøáƒîˆíæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒîÀçæ.
133. úæÄøãøãæ 911 ƒàÀçæ ÄÀçæ ¬ÑÀå¬ÑƒëæÜ‡ÑÀçæÇƒòŸ.
134. I ÇæÄÀçæ Ü‡Ñƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ Äøãøãæ øÅœòŸ ÀåƒòÚí¬ÑøãøÖæ.
135. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ Ü€ãæÄˆíˆíæ é‰Öæ ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ǬÑÀçƒì¬Ñƒëæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
136. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ˆíæé‰ã¬ÑÀåÀçæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÄæÇƒìæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ.
137. A Éæé„ÜŸ øÅœàƒì¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæ øÅŒÑæ øÅÃĿɿ.
138. õËéÙìøáæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ăì¬Ñæ ¬ÑæÜŸÜÚíæ.
139. W¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ ÀçæéÙëƒìøáæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœàæÜŸ ǃàƒìƒòŸ.
140. ûÍÑƒìæ é‰ÖøÖæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
141. ØÈá¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÅœòŸ ƒàƒìˆí¬ÑøãøÖæ.
142. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øÖæÄæÇƒìæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ öøãæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒìæ.
143. ˜ˆíæ ƒàƒìæ ƒìƒëƒî¬Ñæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ öøãæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøáæÄÀçæ ßƒëæ. üËÄÀåæ?
144. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ƒñœàøÖ¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ Äøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ.
145. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ƒàˆíæ ƒîˆíƒîæÄøãøãƒòŸ øÖƒîøãøãæ é‰Öæ øãƒàøÖ¬Ñæ.
146. FƒàÀçæÄøãøãƒòŸ, øá¬Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ ÇøãæéÛí¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ é‰ÖøÖƒàæÇ¬Ñæ.
147. ûËé„Éæ øÅŒÑæÜŸÄÀçæ Äøãøãæ.
6
148. ßæÄƒìøáæ ÇæÄÀçæ øÅŒÑæ øÖƒîÀçæ.
149. öÀå¬ÑƒëƒàæÇæÄæ ƒàˆíæ ܸëæÄÀçæÉæ.
150. §ƒàˆíæÄæ øÅŒÑæÇæÄÀå¬Ñæ ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ˆí¬ÑæÇƒë¬ÑƒìæÄƒëƒòŸ.
151. ™ƒàÀç¬ÑƒìƒòŸ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÇæÄÀå¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ öÀå¬ÑƒëƒàæÇæÄæ.
152. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ øÖƒàƒë¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ øÖƒëæéÁçƒìæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ.
153. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ’ˆíæ ÀåæéÙìæéÙëæ øáæÄˆíæ éÁç¬Ñæ ǃò€ãƒàÀçæÉ¬Ñƒëæ.
154. öøãæ ÇæÄøãøã¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀå¬ÑƒëæÜ‡ÑÀçæÇƒòŸ ÀçƒîÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ 911.
üÍÑæ øáæÄæÉæ ˆí¬Ñ¬ÑÀçæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ øÖƒàƒë¬Ñæ.
155. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñˆíæ Äæ øÅÕãƒî¬Ñæ øÅœàæÇƒòŸÇøã¬Ñæ.
156. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ Ü‡Ñƒìˆíæ ƒë¬Ñˆíƒîøãƒìˆíæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øáƒàˆíæ Àåæé„ɬуëÀçæ ÀåæÄƒìøáæ
ˆíƒòÚíƒì¬ÑÀåæ.
157. §ƒàøÖ¬Ñæ FéÙëæÇ¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ܸëæÄÀçæÉæ ÀåƒòÚíƒì¬ÑƒëƒòŸ.
158. ùæÇæéÁçæéÁåƒàæÇæ øáæÄˆíæ ƒìæé„ Éæé„ ƒñœàƒìøáæ $$$.
159. öøãæ ÄÀçæÉæ §ƒàˆíæÄæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆí¬ÑæÇæéÁçæÉæ ܸëæÄæÉ¬Ñæ.
160. ߃àøãƒàƒìæÄƒëƒòŸ øÖøãƒò‡Ñƒëˆíæ øÖøãƒòŸ øÖæÄˆíƒìæ.
161. Fƒë¬ÑæÉæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ øÅÕãƒî¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÖæÄæÇ¬Ñæ.
162. ûÍÑæéÙëæÜ‡Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ ÄÀçæ ÄæÇæÇƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ éÁçæ øáƒàˆíæ øÅœàæÇƒòŸÇøã¬Ñæ.
163. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ øáƒàˆíƒìæéÙëƒòŸ.
164. öøãæ ɃàæÉæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ Äæ øãæéÙìæ; ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬ÑøÖæéÙë¬Ñæ, øá¬Ñæ ÜŸéÙìæ ÄÀçæ A
éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒì¬Ñˆíƒìæ.
165. ™æéÁç¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Àå¬ÑÀçæ Äƒì¬Ñæ ˆíæÄøãƒìæ. ØÈá¬Ñæ ûÍÑÀç¬ÑƒëæÄøãæ øÖæéÙëæÜŸéÙìæ
ƒìæé„ ƒàˆíˆíƒî¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬ÑÀåæ ÄÀçƒòŸ ˆíæÄøãƒìæ.
166. ߃òŸ øÖæÄƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ øÖƒàøãøã¬ÑæÉæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÖæéÙëÀåæ ˆíæé„ I ÇæÄÀçæ ÜŸé„
ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæéÁçæÇ¬Ñƒëƒìæ.
167. ˜Àçæ ƒì¬ÑÀçæ ÀåƒàÀçƒîƒì¬Ñˆíæ, I ƒñœàøãøãæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ Äæ øÅÃăìøáæ.
168. ØÈá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ƒîˆí¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœîˆíæ ƒìæé„ ÜŸé„ øÖƒëæéÁåæ õËéÛíƒìæéÁçæ
ƒìæé„ ߃àøãƒìæéÁçæ.
169. ߃ëæ. üËÄÀåæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ.
170. ÆÎìæÄÀçæ ÇæÄÀçæ øÅÃÄøãæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ éÁçæ éÁç¬Ñæ øã¬ÑæÜŸ ÄÀçæÉæ ÀçæéÙìæ øÖæÄøãøãæ.
171. ߬ÑÀçæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ÇæéÁåÀåƒîÀçƒàƒìƒòŸ ˆíƒìæéÙë¬Ñæ.
7
172. öøãæ ÇæÄÀçæ øÅŒÑæÇæéÁå¬Ñæ ÄÀçæ ÄæÇƒìæéÙëæ.
173. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Àç¬ÑæÇ¬ÑˆíˆíæÄƒëƒòŸ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ƒìæé„ Ü‡Ñƒìæ ÄÀçæ A.
174. I Éæé„ ÀçæéÙìæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ Äæ øãƒàæÇ¬ÑÀçˆí¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒàæÉ¬Ñæ Äæ øÅœàæÇƒòŸÇøã¬Ñæ.
175. I øãæéÛíƒìæ ÀåƒòŸ øÅÃÄøãæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ÄÀçæÉæ øÖ¬Ñøãøãæ ƒìƒñœàæÇ¬Ñæ.
176. öøãæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ ÜŸé„ ƒìæé„ Çæé‰ãøã¬ÑæÜ‡Ñæ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ÀåƒîˆíƒàæÇæ.
177. ߃ëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ ÉƒàæÉæ ÇøãƒàÀåøÅÃ Äæ ƒìæÄøãøãæ ƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ.
178. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãæÄæÉƒòŸ ÇæÄÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒì¬ÑÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœîƒìƒìæéÁçˆíæ éÁçæ øá¬Ñƒëæ ÇøãæéÙìøá¬Ñˆíæ.
179. üËÄˆíæ øá¬Ñæ ˆí¬Ñ¬ÑÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíæÄÀå¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ öøãæ ˆíæé‰ãæÉæ ƒìæé„ §ƒàˆíæÄæ?
180. öøãøãæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ ăë¬Ñæ øáƒîÀåæÄÀçæ øÅŒÑƒàÀçæÜÚíæ.
181. ߃ëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ÀåæéÙë¬Ñæ ÀåƒîˆíæÇøã¬Ñˆíæ.
182. DƒàæÉæ øá¬Ñæ øÅœîƒòŸ ÄÀçƒòŸ ¬ÑæÜŸÜÚíæ øÖæéÙëæ øáƒàˆíæ ƒñœàøÖ¬Ñæ?
8
Group 4 Phonograms: v p ar ng ou4 ow2 wh ch3
183. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãæé„ÇæÄøãæ øÅœîˆíƒàÀç¬Ñˆíˆíæ ƒàˆíæ é‰Öƒì¬ÑÀçæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ øÅœîˆíƒòŸ ˆí¬ÑøãøãƒàÀçæÜŸ ˆíƒîæÜŸÄƒëæ.
184. ØÈá¬Ñæ Çæé‰ãæéÁç¬Ñøãæ ƒëæÄÀçæ ÄæÇƒëæéÛíˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæéÁçæÜ‡Ñˆíƒìæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ
ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìæÄƒì¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ûÍÑæéÙëæÜ¸àæÄæ øãæÄˆíƒìæ ™æéÁïŒÑÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ.
185. öøãæ ăì¬Ñæ øáæÄøãøÖæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Çøáæé„Çæé‰ãæÄƒì¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæÉƒò€ÅÃăëæ,
ÄÀçæÉæ §ƒàˆíæÄæ ăì¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ éÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ øáæÄøãøÖæ.
186. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܸîƒòŸ ƒîˆí¬ÑæÉæ ƒìƒñÃé„ øãæÄÀçæÜ¸îæÄæÜ‡Ñˆíæ.
187. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܸîƒàæÉ¬Ñæ ƒëæîøã¬Ñæ ƒì¬Ñøãøãˆíæ ƒîˆíæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ u ƒàˆíæ ˆíƒàøã¬ÑÀçƒìæ
ÄøÖƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ g.
188. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܇ÑÀç¬ÑƒëæÄøãæ’ˆíæ ÄæÜ‡Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ 50, ÄÀçæÉæ øá¬Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ
Äæ øãæéÙìæ é‰Öæ ÇæéÁåÀåæéÁçæ ˆí¬ÑÀçˆí¬Ñæ.
189. ™æé„ ÉæéÙîøÅœìæ, ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ƒñŒÑƒë¬Ñæ ܸîƒàøãƒìƒòŸ é‰Öæ ƒëæé‰ÅÕÅœàÀçæÜŸ
øÖƒàÀïŒÑæ ăèƒèøã¬Ñˆíæ.
190. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÄÀåøÅœîøãæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÄæÇæÇƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ Ü‡Ñƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæÄÀçæ
øÖƒëæéÁåæ øáƒàˆíæ øáæéÁå¬Ñæ.
191. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ƒîˆíæ Éæé„ ¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ Ôèƒëæé‰ÅÕã¬ÑÀåæ.
192. ™æéÙìæ öøãæ, ÀçæéÙëæ §ƒàˆíæÄæ ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀïŒÑÀçæ éÁç¬Ñæ ¬ÑƒëƒëæéÙëæ
éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒèÓÑøãøãƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒì¬Ñˆíƒìæ.
193. öøãøãæ ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ’ˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ƒñœàøãøãæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ
Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒîÀçƒàÀïŒÑƒëˆíƒàƒìƒòŸ.
194. ûËé„Éæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ øãƒàÀïœàÀçæÜŸ ÆÎèƒàƒëƒàƒìæ.
195. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÔèÌăë¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ øá¬ÑøãƒèÓÑæÉæ ƒîˆíæ ÔèøãæÄÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Ôèƒëæé„ܸëæÄÀåæ ƒñŒÑæ
ăë¬Ñæ øáæÄÀïœàÀçæÜŸ ƒàÀçæ öƒèƒëƒàøãæ.
196. öøãæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ ɬуèÌéÛíƒàƒìæ øÖæéÙîƒëæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ ƒàÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ éÙñÿçæ ÄæÇæÇæéÙîÀçƒìæ.
197. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ ˆíƒìƒëæéÁçæÜŸ ƒñœàÀçæÉæ ƒìøáƒàˆíæ ÀåæéÙëÀçƒàÀçæÜŸ.
198. I ƒñœàøãøãæ Ôèƒëæé‰ÅÃÄøÅÕãƒòŸ Ü‡Ñƒìæ Äæ ÔèƒàæÄÀçæé„ øÖƒëæéÁåæ ÀåƒòŸ ɿĿɿ ÀçæéÙñÃ.
199. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÖ¬ÑæÉ¬ÑƒëæÄøãæ ÜŸéÁïŒÑƒëÀçÀå¬ÑÀçƒìæ Àåƒîˆíƒìæ ¬ÑÀçøÖæéÙëæÇ¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëƒîøã¬Ñˆíæ
é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæéÙîÀçƒìƒëƒòŸ ÄÀçæÉæ ܸîæÄƒëæÉæ éÙîƒëæ øÖƒë¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæéÁåæ.
200. WăìæÇøáæ Àå¬Ñæ Ôèƒîƒìæ ÀåƒòŸ ÇæÄƒëæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ܟăëæÄæÜ‡Ñæ.
9
201. üÎòŸÉƒëæé„܇ÑÀçæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ܟĈíæ. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÉæÄÀçæÜ‡Ñƒëæ.
202. Wøá¬ÑÀçæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÇæéÁå¬Ñæ éÁïŒÑƒëæ ƒìæé„ ÀåƒòŸ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ?
203. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ÇæÄÀçæ øá¬ÑøãƒèÌ øá¬Ñƒëæ ˆíƒàˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ Ôèƒîƒìæ ƒìæé„܇уìøá¬Ñƒëæ øá¬Ñƒëæ
Ôèƒë¬ÑƒìƒìƒòŸ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ Éæé‰ãøãøáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ.
204. OÔèÓÑÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñœàÀçæÉæéÙñà øÖæéÙëæ Àå¬Ñæ.
205. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ øÖæéÙëæÜ‡Ñƒìæ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒìæéÙèÌ øÅŒÑøÖæéÙë¬Ñæ ǃëæéÛíˆíƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ.
206. §ƒàˆíæÄæ’ˆíæ ÔèÌăëƒìƒòŸ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ ɃàøÖøÖ¬Ñƒë¬ÑÀçƒìæ ¬ÑøÖøÖ¬ÑæÇƒìæ.
207. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìƒò¸èƒàæÇæÄøãæ øÖæéÙëæ ÔèÌăë¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ øãæéÁïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ
ÇøáƒàøãæÉƒë¬ÑÀçæ.
208. ™¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëæ øáƒîæÜŸ Äæ ܸë¬Ñ¬ÑÀçæ øÖƒëæé„ÜŸ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæéÙëÀçƒàÀçæÜŸ.
209. Wøáæé„ ƒñœàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Ôèƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ é‰Öæ éÙîƒëæ ÇøãƒîøÅÃ?
210. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ’ˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ăëƒìæ.
211. P¬ÑƒëøáæÄƒèÔíæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ƒñœàøãøãæ øÖƒàÀçæÉæ Äæ Ôèƒë¬Ñˆí¬ÑÀçƒìæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ܸëæéÙîÀçæÉæ
ƒîÀçæÉ¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
212. Oƒîƒëæ ÀïŒÑøáƒàæÇøã¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ FéÙëæÉæ.
213. ßæÄƒëæÇøáæ ƒàˆíæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ Çæé‰ãæÉæ.
214. Wøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉæ? üËÄÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øÖæéÙîÀçæÉæ øáƒàÀåæ, ƒò‡Ñƒìæ?
215. WøáƒòŸ Éæé„ ÜŸéÁïŒÑƒëÀçÀå¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ˆíƒìæÄƒëƒìæ ƒñÃăëˆíæ?
216. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÀåæÄÀçæ øãƒàÀïŒÑæÉæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ ƒë¬ÑæÉæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ éÙîƒìæ
ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæéÙîÀçƒìƒëƒòŸ.
217. üËéÙñà øÖæÄƒëæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæéÙñÿçæ øÖƒëæéÁåæ øá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ?
218. üËÄÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÜŸéÙìæ Äæ ƒñÕáƒàƒì¬Ñæ ܸîƒàƒìæÄƒëæ?
219. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÔèÓуëˆíæéÁçÀç¬Ñøãæ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÌé‰ãƒàæÇ¬Ñæ ɬуèÌăëƒìÀå¬ÑÀçƒìæ ÔèƒëæéÙì¬ÑæÇƒìæ
ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ øÖƒëæéÁåæ øÅÃĿɿ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ.
220. öøãæ ˆí¬Ñƒìˆíæ ƒîƒèÌ øÖƒëæéÁçƒìæ ˆíæé„ øá¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæ ÇæéÁçƒìƒëæé‰ãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ TV.
221. §ƒàˆíæÄæ Ôèƒîƒìæ ƒìƒñŒÑøãÀïŒÑæ ¬ÑæÜŸÜÚíæ ƒîƒèÌéÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæéÙèÌ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
222. ØÈá¬Ñæ öƒèÌéÛíƒìøã¬Ñæ ÄÀçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ úøáƒëƒàˆíƒìƒàæÄÀçæ ˆíæÄÀçæÜŸ ÔèÔíæÄøãÀåˆíæ
ÄÀçæÉæ øáƒò‚åÀçˆíæ ƒìæé„ ûËé„Éæ.
223. ˜ƒìæ ƒñœàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæ ƒñÃăëÀåæ ƒìæéÁåæéÙëƒëæéÙñÃ.
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224. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃéÙñà ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ øãæéÁçæÜŸ ÄÀçæÉæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ
é‰Öæ ÔèÌéÙñŒÑƒëæ øÖæéÙëæ øáƒîÀçƒìƒàÀçæÜŸ ɬѬуëæ.
225. ØÈá¬Ñæ Ôèƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ ÜŸÄÀïŒÑæ Äæ ÔèÌăëƒìƒòŸ øÖæéÙëæ Äæ ܸëæéÙîƒèÌ é‰Öæ ƒòŸéÙîÀçæÜŸ
ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ éÁçæ Äæ ƒìæéÙîƒëæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæÄƒèƒàƒìæé‰ãæ ǃàƒìƒòŸ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ±Àçƒàƒì¬ÑæÉæ
ÆÎìæÄƒì¬Ñˆíæ.
226. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ƒàÀåƒèÌéÙëƒìæÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ÇæéÁåƒèøã¬Ñƒì¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ÔèÌăèÓуëæ
ƒàÀçæ éÁç¬Ñæ øáæéÙîƒëæ.
227. WøáƒàæÇøáæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉæ ƒàˆíæ ƒñÃăìæÇøáƒàÀçæÜŸ TV?
228. ™æéÙìøáƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒàˆíæ øáæÄƒëæÉæ øÖæéÙëæ ÆÎîƒèÓуëÀåæÄÀçæ.
229. W¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒì¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ øá¬ÑæÄƒëæ Äæ ˆíƒìæéÙëƒòŸ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ Äæ ÀåæÄÀçæ
ƒñÕáæé„ ÜŸéÙìæ Äæ ÀåƒàøãøãƒàæéÁçæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ.
230. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܸî¬Ñˆíƒìæ ÇæÄÀå¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ ÄøÖƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ.
231. WøáæéÛí¬Ñæ ƒñÕáƒàƒì¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ ƒàˆíæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœîƒàøãæÉƒàÀçæÜŸ?
232. õÍÑæ ˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ÔèÌăëæÄæÇøáƒîƒì¬Ñæ ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øÖøãƒòŸ.
233. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîÀçæÜŸ ÀåæÄÀçæ Äƒì¬Ñæ Äæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ øãæÄƒëæÜ‡Ñæ ÔèÌéÙèÔíƒàæÇøã¬Ñæ.
234. öøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæéÙîƒëƒìæ.
235. WøáæÄƒìæ øáæéÙîƒëæ ƒàˆíæ ƒàƒìæ? õÍуàÀçæÜŸ éÁçæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ƒàÀåƒèÌéÙëƒìæÄÀçƒìæ.
236. Wøá¬ÑÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÇøáæÄÀçæÜ‡Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ÀåƒàÀçæÉæ, ƒòŸéÙîæ ÇøáæÄÀçæÜ‡Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ øãƒàøÖ¬Ñæ.
237. ˜ˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀïœàæÉ¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ §æéÙîƒàˆíæ ÀåæéÁïŒÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÕãƒî¬Ñæ ÇæÄƒëæ?
238. ÆÍÑÀïŒÑƒëæÄøãæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉƒë¬ÑÀçæ ÔèÓѬуë¬ÑæÉæ ÉæéÙñÿçæ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ øÅœîæÜŸ,
ƒñÃăìæÇøáƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒàƒìæ Ôèƒîøãøãæ Äæ ƒìƒñœàæÜŸ.
239. I ăèƒèƒë¬ÑæÇƒàæÄƒì¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ ÀåƒîæÇøáæ øÖæéÙëæ Ü¸àÀïœàÀçæÜŸ Àå¬Ñæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæéÙñœàÀçæÜŸ ÀåæÄæÇøáƒàÀç¬Ñæ.
240. §ƒàˆíæÄæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒìƒò¸èÓÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñÕáæé‰ã¬Ñæ ƒàÀçˆíƒîƒëæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ÔèÌé‰ãƒàæÇƒòŸ
øÖæéÙëæ ßƒëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ.
241. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ÔèÌéÛíˆíƒàøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ öøãæ ƒñœàøãøãæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÌăëƒìæ
Àç¬ÑæÇ¬ÑˆíˆíæÄƒëƒòŸ ƒìæé„ Ü‡Ñƒìæ øáƒàˆíæ ÇæÄƒëæ ƒìæé„ ƒëƒîÀçæ øÖæÄˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ?
242. ØÈá¬Ñæ Éæé„ÜŸ ˆíƒìæÄƒëƒì¬ÑæÉæ øÖæé‰ãøãæéÙñœàÀçæÜŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉƒë¬ÑÀçæ ƒìæé„ ƒìæéÙñÿçæ.
11
Group 5 Phonogams: ea3 ie2 sh igh ur ay ai oo4 k ck
243. PˆíƒòŸÇøáæé‰ãæé„ܸòŸ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÇæéÙîƒëˆí¬Ñæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáƒîÀåæÄÀçæ ÀåƒàÀçæÉæ
ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ƒàÀçæ Çæé‰ãøã¬ÑæÜ‡Ñæ.
244. A úøáƒëƒàˆíƒìƒàæÄÀçæ øáæÄˆíæ øÖæÄƒàƒìøáæ ƒàÀçæ úøáƒëƒàˆíƒìæ.
245. ˜Àçæ ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãæ, ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÇæÄÀçæ ÀåæÄøä¬Ñæ Ôèƒëæé„ܸë¬Ñˆíˆíæ
éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÓуëˆíæéÁçæÄøãæ ɬÑÀïŒÑøãæéÙèÀå¬ÑÀçƒìæ é‰Öæ ÇøáæÄƒëæÄæÇƒì¬Ñƒëæ.
246. úøáæÄƒëøã¬ÑˆíƒìæéÁçæ ƒàˆíæ ˆíæéÙîƒìøáæ é‰Öæ WĈíøáƒàÀçæÜ¸ìæéÁçæ.
247. P¬ÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒà¬ÑæÉæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ øáæÄƒëæÉæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÌĈíƒìæ.
248. üËéÙñà ÀåæÄÀçƒòŸ ƒò‡ÑæÄƒëˆíæ é‰ãæÉæ ăë¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîæ?
249. Oƒîƒëæ ƒì¬ÑæÄæÇøá¬Ñƒëæ øãæéÁïŒÑˆíæ ƒìæé„ ƒì¬ÑæÄæÇøáæ ƒîˆíæ øáæéÙñà ƒìæé„ ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉæ.
250. W¬Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ܸë¬ÑæÄƒìæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÄæÉÀïŒÑÀçƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ ÀçæéÁïŒÑøãæ
ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ Äæ øãæéÛíƒìæ ùƒîƒëæéÙèÓÑæÄÀçæ.
251. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅœëæéÙñÿçæ øÅŒÑæÄƒëæ øãƒàøä¬Ñˆíæ ƒìæé„ ¬ÑæÄƒìæ øÖƒàˆíøáæ.
252. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉƒë¬ÑÀçæ Éæé„ ÀçæéÙìæ øãƒàøä¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉæ ƒì¬ÑæÇøáÀçƒàæÇæÄøãæ øÅÃé„é‰äˆíæ.
253. WøáæÄøã¬Ñˆíæ øãƒàøä¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒñœàÀåæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆí¬ÑæÄæ.
254. Wøáæé‰ã¬Ñæ ƒñÕá¬ÑæÄƒìæ øÅœë¬ÑæÄæÉæ ƒàˆíæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ ÜŸé„é„Éæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ øá¬ÑæÄøãƒìøáæ.
255. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑæÄƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Ü¸ë¬ÑæÄƒìæ øÖæéÙëæ ˆíƒñœàÀåÀåƒàÀçæÜŸ.
256. ߃ëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ’ˆíæ ƒñœàøÖ¬Ñæ øãƒàøä¬Ñˆíæ ƒìæé„ ˆíøáæéÙèÌ Äøãøãæ ÉæÄƒòŸ.
257. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Àç¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëæ ÀçƒàæÇ¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ Ôèƒîˆíøáæ ÄÀçæÉæ ˆíøáæéÙîƒìæ ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ
ƒòŸéÙîæ ÔèøãæÄƒòŸ.
258. üËÄÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîæ Äøãƒë¬ÑæÄæÉƒòŸ ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìæéÙëƒòŸ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÕãæÄæÇøäæ øÅŒÑæÄƒëæ ƒñÕáæé„ øãƒàøä¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ¬ÑæÄƒìæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ øÖƒàˆíøáæ?
259. ßæÄƒòŸ I ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉæ Äæ ˆíøáæéÙëƒìæ ˆíƒìæéÙëƒòŸ ƒìæé„ÉæÄƒòŸ?
260. WøáæÄƒìæ øäƒàÀçæÉæ é‰Öæ ƒñŒÑ¬Ñøäæ ɃàæÉæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ?
261. ØÈá¬Ñæ ăàƒëƒèøãæÄÀç¬Ñæ øÖøãƒà¬Ñˆíæ ÄøÅÃéÁïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøãæéÙîæÉæ.
262. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ’ˆíæ Äæ ƒë¬ÑæÄøãæ øÅÃĿɿ ˆíƒìæéÙëÀåæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑæÄˆíƒìæ.
263. ߃ëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ Àå¬ÑæÄÀçæ. üÍÑæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ¬ÑæÄæÇøáæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ
ƒìæé„ ÀåæÄøä¬Ñæ Ôèƒëæé„ܸë¬Ñˆíˆíæ.
264. öøãæ ƒë¬ÑæÄæÉæ Äæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ øÅÃé„é‰äæ ƒàÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ ƒëæé„éÁåæ.
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265. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ øÅÃéÙîøãæÉ¬Ñƒëæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåƒàæÉæÉøã¬Ñæ
é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ.
266. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ˆíøáƒîƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Éæé„éÙëæ éÁçæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ƒìøáƒîÀåøÅÃ.
267. ØÈá¬Ñæ Pƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ¬Ñøã¬ÑæÇƒì¬ÑæÉæ øÅœòŸ Äæ ÔèÌé‰ãƒàƒìƒàæÇæÄøãæ Ôèƒëæé„Ǭшíˆíæ.
268. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒìøáæ ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ăàƒëƒèøãæÄÀç¬Ñˆíæ øÖæéÙëæ Äæ øÅœàæÜŸ ÇæéÁåƒèÌÄÀçƒòŸ
ƒàÀçæ FøãæéÙëƒàæÉæÄæ.
269. üËÄÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øÅŒÑ¬ÑÀçæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøáƒàˆíæ ÔèøãæÄæÇ¬Ñæ øÅŒÑøÖæéÙë¬Ñæ?
270. ÆÈá¬Ñæ ÄøãƒñÃăòÚíæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ ÜŸé„ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíøáæéÙñÃ.
271. Pƒîƒìæ Äæ ÔèÓуëƒàæé„Éæ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀçæÉæ é‰Öæ Äæ ˆí¬ÑÀçƒì¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ.
272. P¬ÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøáƒàÀçøäæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬ÑÀåˆí¬ÑøãÀïŒÑˆíæ.
273. ØÈáæÄÀçøäæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øÖæéÙëæ ÀåæÄøäƒàÀçæÜŸ ÀåƒòŸ É¬ÑæÄƒëæ øÖæÄƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ øáæÄƒèƒèƒòŸ.
274. I ƒñŒÑæÄƒëæ Äæ ƒñÃăëÀåæ øáæÄƒìæ éÁçæ ÀåƒòŸ øá¬ÑæÄæÉæ ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Çæé‰ãæÉæ
éÙîƒìˆíƒàæÉ¬Ñæ.
275. Pøã¬ÑæÄˆí¬Ñæ øã¬ÑÀïŒÑøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ.
276. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÔèƒëƒàÀïÃăì¬Ñæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ ˆíæé„, “£¬Ñ¬ÑƒèÌ Oƒîƒìæ.”
277. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ƒìæÄøãøäæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒì¬Ñøã¬ÑƒèøáæéÁç¬Ñæ ƒñÕáƒàøã¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÉƒëƒàÀïŒÑæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ
ÇæÄƒëæ. Wăàƒìæ ƒîÀçƒìƒàøãæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ˆíƒìæéÙèÌ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæÄƒëæ.
278. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒì¬ÑæÄæÇøá¬Ñƒëæ ˆíæÄƒàæÉæ, “¨ƒîÀçæ ÄƒëæéÙîÀçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãæ ƒòŸÄƒëæÉæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ
ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñˆíæ.
279. ߃ëæ. §ƒàÀçæÇæé‰ãÀçæ’ˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ ÇæÄÀçæ ÀåƒîøãƒìƒàƒèøãƒòŸ ÄÀçæÉæ ɃàÀïœàæÉ¬Ñæ.
280. Dé„ ÀçæéÙìæ ˆíæÄƒòŸ øÅÃĿɿ ƒìøáƒàÀçæÜÚíæ Äƒìæ ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãæ éÙëæ ÄÀçƒò¸ñÕá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ¬Ñøãˆí¬Ñæ.
281. ØËé„ÉæÄƒòŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑæÄƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒàˆíæ Çøã¬ÑæÄƒëæ ÄÀçæÉæ Çæé‰ãæÉæ.
282. úøáƒëƒàˆíƒìƒàæÄÀçˆíæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒòŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ õÎàøÅÕã¬Ñæ Äƒìæ úøáƒîƒëæÇøáæ.
283. ÆËé„ǃà¬ÑƒìƒòŸ ƒàˆíæ ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ƒîƒèÌ é‰Öæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ.
284. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒìƒñÃé„ øäƒàæÉˆíæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒì¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ÜŸé„ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæéÁïœà¬Ñæ, ƒìæé„é„.
285. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÀçƒàæÜ€áƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÉæÄƒëøäæ ÄÀçæÉæ øÅÕãæÄæÇøäæ.
286. öøãæ ƒìƒîƒëÀç¬ÑæÉæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øäƒàƒìæÇøá¬ÑÀçæ øãƒàæÜ€áƒìæ.
287. Dé„ ƒòŸéÙîæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ÄÀçƒòŸ ƒàæÉ¬ÑæÄæ ƒñÕá¬Ñƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑæÄƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒñœàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæ
Çæé‰ãæÉæ éÙëæ øáæéÙìæ ƒìæé„ÉæÄƒòŸ?
288. ØÈá¬Ñæ ˆíæé‰ãæÉƒà¬Ñƒëæ ÀåæÄƒëƒëƒà¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæéÁïŒÑøãƒòŸ ƒñÃéÁåæÄÀçæ ƒàÀçæ ÆÍуèƒì¬ÑÀåøÅŒÑƒëæ.
13
289. ØÈá¬Ñæ Éæé„ǃìæéÙëæ ˆíæÄÀïŒÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøáƒàøãæÉæ øÖƒëæéÁåæ É¬ÑæÄƒìøáæ.
290. A ÜŸé„é„Éæ ÀåæÄÀçæ ƒñœàøãøãæ ˆíƒîƒèƒèÌéÙëƒìæ øáƒàˆíæ øÖæÄÀåƒàøãƒòŸ.
291. öøãæ ăì¬Ñæ øÅœë¬ÑæÄøäøÖæÄˆíƒìæ ƒàÀçæ øáƒàˆíæ ƒëæé„éÁåæ øÅŒÑøÖæéÙë¬Ñæ øá¬Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ øã¬ÑæÄÀïŒÑæ
øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Àå¬Ñ¬ÑƒìƒàÀçæÜŸ.
292. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÇæÄƒìæ ÇøãƒàÀåøÅŒÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæéÙèÌ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáƒàæÜ€áæ ƒñÃé„é„Éæ øÖ¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ.
293. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒìƒëæÄƒàÀçæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒëƒîÀçæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëæÄƒàøãæ.
294. öøãæ ƒìæé„é‰äæ øáƒàˆíæ øãƒîÀçæÇøáæ ƒìæé„ ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãæ øãæÄˆíƒìæ ƒñŒÑ¬Ñøäæ.
295. Pƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ õÎîˆíøáæ ƒñœàøãøãæ ƒë¬ÑƒìƒîƒëÀçæ ƒìæé„ WĈíøáƒàÀçæÜ¸ìæéÁçæ ƒìøáƒàˆíæ
ÆËăìƒîƒëæÉæÄƒòŸ.
296. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÕãæÄæÇøäæ øÅŒÑæÄƒëæ ˆíƒìæé„é„Éæ éÁçæ ƒàƒìˆíæ øÅÃÄæÇøäæ øã¬ÑæÜÚíæ.
297. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÔèøãæÄÀç¬Ñæ ÇæÄÀçæ øÖøãƒòŸ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ăàƒëæ.
298. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ ˆíæÄƒòÚíæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ăë¬Ñæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ é‰Öæ øÖƒàˆíøáæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
é„Ç¬ÑæÄÀçæ.
299. I øãƒàøä¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒîæÉƒò¸àÀçæÜŸ ùÀçæÜ€ãƒàˆíøáæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ.
300. öƒèƒèÌăë¬ÑÀçƒìøãƒòŸ, öøãæ øáæÄˆíæ Äæ øÅÃé„é‰äæ Ƀî¬Ñæ.
301. ߃òŸ øÖƒëƒà¬ÑÀçæÉæ ûÍÑæéÙëæÜ‡Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ˆíƒìƒàøãøãæ ˆíƒàÀçæÜ€ã¬Ñæ.
302. ߃ëæ. Fƒàˆíøáæ ˆíæÄƒàæÉæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ éÙîƒëæ ÇøãæÄˆíˆíæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒë¬ÑæÄøãøãƒòŸ ˆíÀåæÄƒëƒìæ.
303. §ƒàˆíæÄæ øä¬Ñƒèƒìæ øá¬Ñƒëæ øÅÃé„é‰äˆíæ ƒàÀçæ øá¬Ñƒëæ ɬшíøäæ.
304. ØÈá¬Ñæ ˆí¬ÑÀïŒÑÀçæ ÉæÄƒòÚíæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñŒÑ¬Ñøäæ ăë¬Ñæ: ßæéÁçæÉæÄƒòŸ, ØÎî¬ÑˆíæÉæÄƒòŸ,
W¬ÑæÉÀç¬ÑˆíæÉæÄƒòŸ, ØÈáƒîƒëˆíæÉæÄƒòŸ, FƒëƒàæÉæÄƒòŸ, ÆËăìƒîƒëæÉæÄƒòŸ, ÄÀçæÉæ
ÆÎîÀçæÉæÄƒòŸ.
305. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëæ ˆíøáæéÙîƒìæ ƒàÀçæ ÄÀçƒòŸéÁç¬Ñæ’ˆíæ ¬ÑæÄƒëæ.
306. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ ƒìæé„ øä¬Ñ¬ÑƒèÌ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄÀçøäæ.
307. ØÈá¬Ñæ øäƒàæÉæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒìæé„é„ ƒñŒÑæÄøäæ ƒìæé„ øÅœë¬ÑæÄøäæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÓÑÀçæÇƒàøãæ.
308. üÍÑæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ ƒìƒë¬ÑæÄˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ é‰Öæ Ôèƒîƒë¬Ñæ ÜŸé‰ãæÉæ
ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæéÙîÀçƒìæÄƒàÀçæ.
309. üÍÑæ ƒìƒëƒà¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ÀåæÄøä¬Ñæ Äæ ˆíƒìƒëæÄƒàæÜ€áƒìæ øãƒàÀç¬Ñæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÌÄæÜ‡Ñæ.
310. üËéÙñà ˆíæé„éÁçæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ Çøá¬ÑæÇøäæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœëæÄøä¬Ñˆíæ éÁçæ ÀåƒòŸ ÇæÄƒëæ?
311. ØÈá¬Ñæ é‰ãæÉæ ÀåæÄÀçæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ ɃàˆíƒìƒàÀçæÜ¸îƒàˆíøá¬ÑæÉæ øãƒà¬Ñƒîƒì¬ÑÀçæÄÀçƒìæ
ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ăëÀåƒòŸ.
14
312. I øÅŒÑøãƒà¬ÑÀïŒÑæ ÀåƒòŸ ÜŸé„é„Éæ øÖƒëƒà¬ÑÀçæÉæ ƒñœàøãøãæ ÔèøãæÄƒòŸ øÅÃĈí¬ÑøÅÃÄøãøãæ
øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ öÀå¬ÑƒëƒàæÇæÄÀçæ §¬ÑæÄæÜ¸î¬Ñæ.
313. ßæÄƒëƒëƒàæÄæÜ‡Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÓуëøÖ¬ÑæÇƒìæ ƒîÀçƒàæéÁçæ é‰Öæ Äæ øáƒîˆíøÅÃÄÀçæÉæ
ÄÀçæÉæ ƒñœàøÖ¬Ñæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øãæéÁïŒÑæ.
314. ÆÎîæÇøáæ øáæÄƒëæÉæ ƒìøáƒàÀçøäƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒàˆíæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ ÇæéÁåÀåæéÁçæ ÄÀåæéÁçæÜŸ ƒì¬ÑæÄæÇøá¬Ñƒëˆíæ.
315. I ÇæÄÀçæ ÔèƒëæéÁïœàæÉ¬Ñæ Äæ ÇæÄˆí¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒë¬ÑøÖƒë¬ÑˆíøáÀå¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
VÄøã¬ÑÀçƒìƒàÀç¬Ñæ PăëƒìƒòŸ.
316. ØÈá¬Ñæ TV Ôèƒëæé„ܸëæÄÀåæ ÜŸÄÀïŒÑæ Äæ ÔèƒîøÅÕãƒàæÇæ ˆí¬ÑƒëÀïœàæÇ¬Ñæ
ÄÀçÀçæéÙîÀçæÇ¬ÑÀå¬ÑÀçƒìæ.
317. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܸëæé„ǬуëƒòŸ ˆíƒìæéÙë¬Ñæ ÜŸÄÀïŒÑæ ÀïÃăëƒàæéÙîˆíæ ÇæéÙîƒèÌéÁçˆíæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÓÑæéÙèøã¬Ñæ
ƒìæé„ ˆíæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬ÑÀåæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ.
318. úæÄÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ øÖƒëƒà¬ÑÀçæÉæ ܸàÀïŒÑæ Äæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ ƒë¬ÑæÄˆíæéÁçæ øÖæéÙëæ øáƒàˆíæ ÄÀçˆíƒñŒÑƒëˆíæ
éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒì¬Ñˆíƒìæ?
319. ¨¬ÑæÄæÉƒàÀçæÜŸ ÄÀçæÉæ ˆíƒèÓÑøãøãƒàÀçæÜŸ ăë¬Ñæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ ƒàÀåƒèÌéÙëƒìæÄÀçƒìæ ˆíøäƒàøãøãˆíæ.
15
Group 6 Phonograms: ey2 ei2 ir j ew augh ough4 wor ould ed2
320. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ’ˆíæ ÉæÄæÉæ øÖæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÆÍÑæÇæéÁçæÉæ WéÙëøãæÉæ Wăëæ
to ܸàÀïŒÑæ ƒîˆíæ ÔèÓÑæÄæÇ¬Ñæ.
321. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ’ˆíæ ÉæÄƒîæÜ€áƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìæÄƒîæÜ€áƒìæ Äæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ ùÀçæÜ€ãƒàˆíøáæ øã¬ÑˆíˆíæéÁçæ.
322. §ƒàˆíæÄæ’ˆíæ ÀåæéÁåæ ƒàˆíæ ÀåæÄøäƒàÀçæÜŸ É¬ÑøãƒàæÇƒàæéÙîˆíæ ÇæÄÀçæÉƒòŸ.
323. öøãæ Ôâ¸îÀåƒèÓÑæÉæ øáƒàæÜ€áæ ÄÀçæÉæ ÇæÄƒîæÜ€áƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãæ.
324. †Ÿé‰áÀçæ Éƒë¬ÑƒñÃ Äæ øÅŒÑæÄƒîƒìƒàøÖƒîøãæ ÔèƒàæÇƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ é‰Öæ øáƒàˆíæ ÀåæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ ɃîƒëƒàÀçæÜŸ
ƒë¬ÑæÇ¬Ñˆíˆíæ.
325. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ øãæÄƒì¬Ñæ. úæÄÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ øáƒîƒëƒëƒòŸ?
326. †¸îÀç¬Ñæ Ĉíøä¬ÑæÉæ Äæ ƒìæéÙîæÜ€áæ ˆíæÇƒà¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ Ôèƒëæé‰ÅÕã¬ÑÀåæ.
327. W¬Ñæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ øÅÕãæé„é„Éæ ƒàÀçæ éÙîƒëæ ÀïŒÑƒàÀçˆíæ.
328. †¸îÀç¬Ñæ øÅÃéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ ¬ÑÀçæéÙîæÜ€áæ ÀåæÄƒì¬ÑƒëƒàæÄøãæ ƒìæé„ ˆí¬ÑƒñÃ Äæ Àç¬Ñƒñà Ƀë¬Ñˆíˆíæ
øÖæéÙëæ øá¬Ñƒëæ ÉæÄƒîæÜ€áƒì¬Ñƒëæ.
329. ØÈá¬Ñæ ǃë¬Ñƒñà ˆíæÄƒàøã¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíøáƒàƒèÌ ƒìøáƒëæéÙîæÜ€áæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëæéÙîæÜ€áæ ˆíƒìæéÙëÀåæ
ƒñœàƒìøáæ Äøãøãæ ƒàƒìˆíæ øÖƒîƒëƒòŸ.
330. ªŸéÙîæ éÙîæÜ€áƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒñÃéÙëøäæ øáæÄƒëæÉæ ƒìæé„ ÄæÇøáƒà¬ÑÀïŒÑæ Äæ ÜŸé„Äøãæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒàˆíæ
ƒñÃéÙëƒìøáæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ.
331. üÍÑæ ƒìøáæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ øá¬Ñæ ˆíøáæéÙîøãæÉæ ƒìæÄøä¬Ñæ ÄÀçæ ÄƒìƒìæéÙëÀç¬ÑƒòŸ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øáƒàÀåæ ƒìæé„
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇæéÙîƒëƒìƒëæé„éÁåæ.
332. †Ÿé‰áÀçæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒñÃÄøãøäƒàÀçæÜŸ ÄøãæéÁçæÜŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëƒàÀïŒÑƒëæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øáƒàˆíæ Ôèƒë¬ÑƒìƒìƒòŸ
ܸàƒëøãøÖƒëƒà¬ÑÀçæÉæ.
333. ØÈá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄøãøãæ ÉæÄƒëøäæ øÖƒàæÜ¸îƒë¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄøãøä¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæéÙñÃăëæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ƒë¬ÑæÉæ
ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãøáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ.
334. ˜ƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ Ôèøã¬ÑæÄˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ƒìæÄøãøäæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÄæÜŸÄƒàÀçæ.
335. öÀçæ ƒàÀçæÇƒë¬ÑæÄˆí¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ øÅÕãæé„é„Éæ Ôèƒë¬Ñˆíˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ
ø á ¬Ñ æ Ä ƒ ë ƒ ì æ .
336. ØÈá¬Ñæ ܸàƒëøãæ ƒñÃéÙîøãæÉæ ˆíƒìæÄƒëƒìæ Äæ Àç¬Ñƒñà ÔâŸé‰Åà ƒàÀçæ †ŸÄÀçƒîæÄƒëƒòŸ ƒàøÖæ ˆíøá¬Ñæ
ÇæéÙîøãæÉæ ÀåæÄˆíƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Ôèƒëæé„Ç¬ÑæÉƒîƒë¬Ñˆíæ.
16
337. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÖøãæé„é„Éæ ܸëæÄæÉƒîæÄøãøãƒòŸ ÇæéÁïŒÑƒë¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒîƒëøÖæÄæÇ¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
øäƒàƒìæÇøá¬ÑÀçæ øÖøãæé„éÙëæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ.
338. ØËé„ ƒñÕáæéÁåæ ÉƒàæÉæ ƒòŸéÙîæ Ü¸àÀïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øä¬ÑƒòŸ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœîƒë¬ÑæÄƒîæ?
339. ØÈá¬ÑƒòŸ ăèƒèøãƒà¬ÑæÉæ ƒàæÇ¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ǃîƒë¬Ñæ øáƒàˆíæ øáƒîƒëƒìæ ˆíøáæéÙîøãæÉ¬Ñƒëæ.
340. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÇæéÙëÀçøÖƒà¬ÑøãæÉæ ƒàˆíæ ÀçæéÙìæ Àç¬ÑæÄƒëæ øá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ; ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ øÖƒîƒëƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ ÉæéÙñÿçæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëæé„Ŀɿ.
341. öƒìæ øã¬ÑæÄˆíƒìæ ƒòŸéÙîæ Éæé„ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ÔâŸé‰Åà ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëƒàæÜ€áƒìæ ƒñÃăòŸ.
342. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÀçæÄƒîæÜ€áƒìƒòŸ ܸàƒëøãæ ˆíæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒàƒëƒëƒàƒìæÄƒì¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîÀçæÜŸ øäƒàæÉæ.
ÆÈá¬Ñæ ƒìøáƒë¬Ñƒñà ăñÃăòŸ øáƒàˆíæ øáæÄƒìæ.
343. ØÈá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàˆíæ Àå¬ÑæÉƒàæÇƒàÀç¬Ñæ ÄÀïÃăàøãæÄøÅÕã¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ǃîƒë¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ÇæéÙîæÜ€áæ.
344. A øãæéÁçæÜŸ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ÄæÜŸé„, ƒàƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒîÀçƒîˆíƒîæÄøãæ øÖæéÙëæ Ü¸îƒàæÉæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ
ÔèÓуëˆíæéÁçÀç¬Ñøãæ ƒìæé„ ƒìæÄøãøäæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬ÑæéÙëƒòŸ é‰Öæ øÅœîˆíƒàÀç¬Ñˆíˆíæ
ǃòŸÇøã¬Ñˆíæ.
345. §æÄæÇøäæ é‰Öæ øÖæé„é„Éæ ÀåæÄƒòŸ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ øã¬ÑæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ É¬ÑæÄƒìøáæ é‰Öæ Äøãøãæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÄÀçæÇƒà¬ÑÀçƒìæ ÄÀçƒàÀåæÄøãˆíæ.
346. †Ÿé‰áÀçæ øãæé„é‰ä¬ÑæÉæ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒàæÜ‚çæÄøãæ øÅŒÑøÖæéÙë¬Ñæ øá¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄøãøä¬ÑæÉæ ÄæÇƒëæéÛíˆíæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñƒìæ.
347. OÀçøãƒòŸ Äæ øÖ¬Ñƒñà ùÀçæÜ€ãƒàˆíøáæ ƒñÃéÙëæÉˆíæ ăë¬Ñæ ƒàƒëƒë¬ÑæÜ¸îøãæÄƒëæ.
348. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãƒàƒìƒìøã¬Ñæ ܸàƒëøãæ Ƀë¬ÑƒñÃ Äæ ÔèƒàæÇƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ é‰Öæ Äæ ÇæÄƒìæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒñÃĈíæ
ˆíƒàƒìƒìƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃéÙîæÜ€áæ é‰Öæ Äæ ƒìæÄøãøãæ ƒìƒë¬Ñ¬Ñæ.
349. üÍÑæ ƒñœàøãøãæ ƒë¬ÑæÇ¬ÑƒàÀïŒÑæ Äæ ƒë¬ÑæÇ¬Ñƒàƒèƒìæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæéÁç¬ÑƒòŸ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ øá¬Ñæ ÔèÌăàæÉæ
øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒàƒëæéÁçæ.
350. I øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ øãæÄƒîæÜ€áæ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒîƒëƒèƒëƒàˆí¬Ñæ ܸàøÖƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøãæéÙñÿçæ
øÅœëæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœàƒëƒìøáæÉæÄƒòŸ ÔèÌăëƒìƒòŸ.
351. Oƒîƒëæ ¬Ñƒò‡Ñˆíæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ Àïœà¬Ñƒñà é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíæÇ¬ÑÀç¬Ñæ øÅŒÑƒòŸéÁçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
ƒëƒàÀïŒÑƒëæ.
352. ØÈáæéÙîæÜ€áæ ƒìøá¬ÑƒòŸ ƒìƒëƒà¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ˆíæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒìøá¬ÑÀåæ, Äæ øãæéÙìæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒàƒëæ
ÄÀçƒàÀåæÄøãˆíæ ăë¬Ñæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ ƒìæé„ Ƀà¬Ñæ øÅŒÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒì¬ÑƒëƒëƒàøÅÕã¬Ñæ
ɃëæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ.
17
Group 7 Phonograms: gn kn wr ear x z tion oa aw au ..tu.., ..ti..
353. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãæÄƒñœò‡Ñƒëæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ øáæÄƒîøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèƒëƒàÀô‡Ñæ ÀåæéÁç¬ÑƒòŸ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
øÅÃÄÀçøäæ ÀïÃăîøãƒìæ ƒìæé„ øä¬Ñ¬ÑƒèÌ ƒàƒìæ ˆíæÄøÖ¬Ñæ.
354. õÍÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ɃëæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ, ƒñŒÑæ øäÀç¬Ñƒñà ƒñŒÑæ ƒñÃéÙîøãæÉæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ
ƒìæé„ ƒîˆí¬Ñæ ƒàƒëƒëƒàæÜŸÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ܟăëæÉ¬ÑÀçæ.
355. W¬Ñæ ˆíæÄƒñà ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæÄÀô¸òŸ ÀåæéÁçøä¬ÑƒòŸ Äƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀôŸé„é„.
356. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÔèÌăìƒà¬ÑÀçƒìæ ƒñœëæéÙì¬Ñæ Äæ øã¬Ñƒìƒì¬Ñƒëæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ øá¬Ñƒëæ ƒîÀçøáæÄƒèƒèƒòŸ
ˆíƒàƒìƒîæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÛíƒèƒàƒìæÄøãæ.
357. ØÈá¬Ñæ Àå¬ÑÀçæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ƒñœë¬ÑæÇøäæ øÅŒÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬ÑƒòŸ ɃàæÉÀçæ’ƒìæ ˆí¬Ñ¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
ˆíƒàæÜ‚çæ, ÄÀçæÉæ ƒìøáƒîˆíæ ƒìøá¬ÑƒòŸ ƒìæé„é‰äæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñœëæéÁçæÜŸ ƒëæé„Ŀɿ.
358. ØÈá¬Ñæ ßæÄƒâŸéÙëæ ûÍÑÀç¬ÑƒëæÄøãæ øÖæéÙîæÜ€áƒìæ Äæ øÅœëæÄÀïŒÑæ ÇæÄÀåƒèÌăàæÜ‚çæ ÄæÜŸÄƒàÀçˆíƒìæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑÀç¬ÑÀåƒòŸ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆí¬ÑæÇƒîƒëƒàƒìƒòŸ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÙëøãæÉæ.
359. ªŸéÙîæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ é‰Öæ ƒàÀçøÖæéÙëÀåæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ ƒìæé„ ƒñœëƒàƒì¬Ñæ Äæ ÜŸé„é„Éæ
ƒë¬Ñˆí¬ÑæÄƒëæÇøáæ ƒë¬ÑƒèÌéÙëƒìæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑæÄƒëƒìøáæ.
360. §æÄƒñœò‡Ñƒëˆíæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒìæé„ øäÀçæéÙñÃ Äæ øãæéÙìæ ÄøÅÃéÙîƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæÄƒñà ÄÀçæÉæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ úæéÁçˆíƒìƒàƒìƒîƒìƒàæéÁçæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ±Àçƒàƒì¬ÑæÉæ ÆÎìæÄƒì¬Ñˆíæ.
361. ªŸéÙîæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ƒìæé„ øã¬ÑæÄƒëÀçæ Äæ øãæéÙìæ ƒìæé„ Ü‡Ñƒìæ ÄÀçæ ¬ÑæÉƒîæÇæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ ÄÀçæÉæ
ܸëæÄæÉƒîæÄƒì¬Ñæ øÖƒëæéÁåæ Çæé‰ãøã¬ÑæÜ‡Ñæ.
362. ªŸéÙîæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÄæÇƒìƒàæéÁçæ é‰Öæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ƒñœëƒàˆíƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒîˆí¬Ñæ Äæ ƒñœë¬ÑÀçæÇøáæ.
363. úøáƒàøãæÉƒë¬ÑÀçæ øã¬ÑæÄƒëÀçæ ¬ÑæÄƒëøãƒòŸ øáæéÙñà ƒìæé„ ǃëæÄƒñÕãæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñƒàƒëæ øäÀç¬Ñ¬Ñˆíæ.
364. üÍÑæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ Äæ Ôâ¸îˆíƒìæ ƒàÀçæÉƒàÀïœàæÉƒîæÄøãæ, ÄÀçæÉæ ƒìøáƒîˆíæ øá¬Ñæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ øÖæÄƒàƒëæ
ƒìæé„ ¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸéÁç¬Ñæ.
365. ØÈá¬Ñæ ˆíæé‰ãæÉƒà¬Ñƒëˆíæ ˆíøáæÄøãøãæ ƒñÃÄøãøäæ ƒàÀçæ Çæé‰ãƒîÀåÀçˆíæ.
366. ØÈá¬Ñæ øáæÄƒîæÜ€áƒìƒòŸ øáƒîÀçƒì¬Ñƒëˆíæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒì¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ˆíøãæÄƒîæÜ€áƒì¬Ñƒëæ Äøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
øá¬Ñøãƒèøã¬Ñˆíˆíæ øÅœîøÖøÖæÄøãæé„.
367. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑˆíƒìæ ƒñÃăòŸ ƒìæé„ øã¬ÑæÄƒëÀçæ Äæ øÖæéÙë¬ÑƒàæÜ‚çæ øãæÄÀçæÜ¸îæÄæÜ‡Ñæ ƒàˆíæ ƒìæé„ øãƒàÀïŒÑæ
ƒñÕá¬Ñƒë¬Ñæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ˆíƒèÌé‰ä¬ÑÀçæ Äˆíæ Äæ ÀçæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæÄøãæ øãæÄÀçæÜ¸îæÄæÜ‡Ñæ.
18
368. ˜ƒìæ ƒàˆíæ ¬Ñˆíˆí¬ÑÀçƒìƒàæÄøãæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíƒìƒëƒîæÇƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñˆíæ ƒàÀçæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìƒàæÄøãæ ăë¬ÑæÄæ øÅŒÑæ ˆíƒîøÅÒíƒìæÄÀçƒìƒàæÄøãæ ƒàøÖæ ƒìøá¬ÑƒòŸ ăë¬Ñæ
ƒìæé„ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ˆíƒìæÄÀçæÉæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáƒàæÜ€áæ ƒñœàÀçæÉˆíæ.
369. I ÀåƒàæÜ€áƒìæ ÜŸé„ ƒìøáƒëæéÙîæÜ€áæ ûÍуìƒìƒòÚíøÅœîƒëæÜŸ éÁçæ ÀåƒòŸ ƒñÃăòŸ ƒìæé„
WĈíøáƒàÀçæÜ¸ìæéÁçæ ƒìøáƒàˆíæ †¸îøãƒòŸ.
370. ßæéÙìøá¬Ñƒëæ ƒîˆí¬ÑæÉæ ÇæÄƒîƒìƒàæéÁçæ ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ ˆíøá¬Ñæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ Àå¬ÑæÄˆíƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
ƒàÀçæÜ¸ë¬ÑæÉƒà¬ÑÀçƒìˆíæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Çæé„é‰äƒà¬Ñæ ÉæéÙîæÜ€áæ.
371. ªŸéÙîæ ÇæÄÀçæ ƒñœëæÄƒèÌ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Ôèƒë¬Ñˆí¬ÑÀçƒìæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ ÔèÌăèÓÑƒëæ ÄÀçæÉæ ˆí¬ÑæÇƒîƒë¬Ñæ ƒàƒìæ
ƒñœàƒìøáæ Äæ øäÀçæéÙìæ.
372. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÀïŒÑøáƒàæÇøã¬Ñæ ƒëæé‰ãøã¬ÑæÉæ ÉæéÙñÿçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáƒàøãøãæ øÅŒÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ ˆíæéÁå¬ÑæéÁç¬Ñæ
øã¬ÑøÖƒìæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàÀçæ Àç¬ÑƒîƒìƒëæÄøãæ.
373. ˜øÖæ I ƒñÃéÙîøãæÉæ øáæÄÀïŒÑæ øäÀçæéÙñÿçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÉæÄÀçæÜ‡Ñƒëæ, I ƒñÃéÙîøãæÉÀçæ’ƒìæ
øáæÄÀïŒÑæ ÜŸéÁç¬Ñæ ¬Ñƒàƒìøá¬Ñƒëæ.
374. W¬Ñæ ăë¬Ñæ ˆíæÇøá¬ÑæÉƒîøã¬ÑæÉæ ƒìæé„ ¬ÑæÄƒìæ Äƒìæ ˆíƒàÀóæ.
375. A øÅÃéÙëæéÙîæÜ€áæ ƒàˆíæ ÄÀçæ ÄæÉÀåƒàÀçƒàˆíƒìƒëæÄƒìƒàÀïŒÑæ ɃàˆíƒìƒëƒàæÇƒìæ é‰Öæ Äæ
ÇæéÙîÀçƒìƒòŸ.
19
Group 8 Phonograms: oi oy ph sion2 qu eigh dge ui ..ci..
376. I øá¬ÑæÄƒëæÉæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Àç¬ÑÀóƒìæ Ôèƒë¬ÑˆíƒàæÉ¬ÑÀçƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÜŸéÙàÀçæÜŸ ƒìæé„
ɬшíƒàæÜ‚çæ Äæ øÅœîæÉæÜ‡Ñƒìæ ƒìæé„ øãæéÙñŒÑƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒìæÄÀóæ.
377. ߃òŸ øÖƒàƒëˆíƒìæ ÉæÄƒîæÜ€áƒì¬Ñƒëæ ˆíæÄÀçæÜŸ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøáæéÙàƒëæ, øÅœîƒìæ ÀåƒòŸ ƒìøáƒàƒëæÉæ
ÉæÄƒîæÜ€áƒì¬Ñƒëæ ɃàæÉæ ÀçæéÙìæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ˆíƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÇøáæéÙàƒëæ.
378. ØÈá¬ÑƒòŸ ÔèÌăàæÉæ ƒì¬ÑÀçæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ ÔèÓÑƒëæ øÅÃéÁóæ é‰Öæ øÖƒëƒîƒàƒìæ Ôâ¸îƒàæÇ¬Ñæ.
379. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃéÙòŸ’ˆíæ ƒñŒÑƒàæÜ€áƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ¬ÑƒàæÜ€áƒìƒòŸ ÔèÌéÙîÀçæÉˆíæ.
380. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅŒÑˆíƒìæ ÔèÌéÛíƒàƒìƒàæéÁçæ, ƒàøÖæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ƒñÃÄÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ øÖøãæé„Äƒìæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
ƒñÃăì¬Ñƒëæ, ƒàˆíæ éÁçæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ øÅÃÄæÇøäæ.
381. PăòŸ ăìƒì¬ÑÀçƒìƒàæéÁçæ ƒàÀçæ ÇøãæÄˆíˆíæ, ÄÀçæÉæ Éæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒñÃéÙëøäæ I ĈíˆíƒàæÜ‚çæ.
382. DéÁçæ’ƒìæ ɃëƒàÀçøäæ ÇæÄƒëæ éÙàøãæ øÅŒÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ ƒàƒìæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÔèÌéÙàˆíæéÁçæ.
383. ßæÄƒëƒòŸ ƒàˆíæ ÜŸéÙàÀçæÜŸ ƒìæé„ ÔèÌéÙàÀçƒìæ ƒìæé„ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÖƒëæÄæÇƒìƒàæéÁçæ Ôèƒëæé‰ÅÕã¬ÑÀåæ éÁçæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃé„ăëæÉæ.
384. I ÇæÄÀçæ øãæé„ÄÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ éÙëƒèøáæÄÀçæ øÅÃéÙòŸ ƒì¬ÑÀçæ Éæé‰ãøãæÄƒëˆíæ ƒìæé„ øÅœîƒòŸ Äæ
Àç¬Ñƒñà ˆíƒîƒàƒìæ øÖæéÙëæ øáƒàˆíæ ÔèøáæéÙìæé„.
385. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìæé„é‰äæ Äæ ÔèƒàæÇƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœàæÜŸ ¬Ñøã¬ÑƒèøáæÄÀçƒìæ éÁçæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅœëƒàæÉæÜ‡Ñæ.
386. ØÈá¬Ñæ Ôâ¸îæÉæÜ‡Ñæ ÀåæÄæÉ¬Ñæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ É¬ÑæÇƒàˆíƒàæéÁçæ ƒìæé„ ƒì¬Ñøãøãæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæÄÀçæ ƒìæé„
ˆíƒìæéÙèÌ ÉƒëƒàÀçøäƒàÀçæÜŸ øãƒàæêƒîæéÙëæ ƒàøÖæ øá¬Ñæ ÜŸéÙàÀçæÜŸ ƒìæé„ ɃëƒàÀïŒÑæ Äæ ÇæÄƒëæ.
387. öøãæ øáæÄæÉæ ƒìæé„ êƒîƒàƒìæ ÔèøãæÄƒò¸àÀçæÜŸ ƒñœàƒìøáæ øáƒàˆíæ ˆíƒèÓÑæÇƒàæÄøãæ ƒìæéÙòŸ øÅŒÑæÇæÄƒîˆí¬Ñæ
ƒàƒìæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒìƒàÀå¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ÜŸé„ ƒìæé„ øÅŒÑæÉæ.
388. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÔèÌéÙñŒÑƒëøÖƒîøãæ øÖƒë¬ÑƒàæÜ€áƒìæ ƒìƒëæÄƒàÀçæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ øãæé„ÄæÉ¬ÑæÉæ ƒñœàƒìøáæ
Ôèƒë¬ÑæÇƒàæéÙîˆíæ ÜŸé‰ãæÉæ ÇæéÙàÀçˆíæ.
389. ØÈá¬Ñæ ߃àˆíˆíƒàæéÁçæ øáæÄæÉæ Äæ ÀïœàˆíƒàæéÁçæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒàÀåƒèƒëæéÁïœàÀçæÜŸ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ˆíæé„ǃàæÄøãæ
ÇæéÁçæÉƒàƒìƒàæéÁçæ é‰Öæ ¨ƒîˆíˆíƒàæÄæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÖƒîƒìƒîƒë¬Ñæ.
390. ªŸéÙîƒëæ ÇæéÁçˆíæÇƒà¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ƒñœàøãøãæ øáƒîƒëƒìæ ƒàøÖæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ƒì¬Ñøãøãæ Äæ øãƒà¬Ñæ.
391. ØÈá¬Ñæ Ôâ¸îæÉæÜ‡Ñæ ƒë¬Ñæêƒîƒàƒë¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ƒñœëƒàƒì¬Ñæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ ƒàÀçƒàƒìƒàæÄøãˆíæ Àç¬ÑæÄƒëæ
ƒìøá¬Ñæ ¬ÑæÉæÜ‡Ñæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÔèÌăèÓуëæ.
392. ˜øãøãƒàÀçæéÙàˆíæ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ˆíƒìæÄƒì¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ±Àçƒàƒì¬ÑæÉæ ÆÎìæÄƒì¬Ñˆíæ.
20
393. ØÈá¬Ñæ Ç¬Ñøã¬ÑøÅœëæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÄÀçæ é„ÇæÇæÄˆíƒàæéÁçæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øãæéÙòŸÄøãæ
ˆí¬ÑƒëÀïÃÄÀçƒìˆíæ ƒìæé„ øáæéÁçæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ƒëæéÙòŸÄøãæ øÖæÄÀåƒàøãƒòŸ.
394. ØÈá¬Ñæ øÅÃéÙòŸ øáæÄæÉæ ˆíƒîøÖøÖƒàæÇƒà¬ÑÀçƒìæ øäÀçæéÙñÕã¬ÑæÉæÜ‡Ñæ ƒìæé„ ÄÀçˆíƒñŒÑƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
êƒî¬ÑˆíƒìƒàæéÁçæ éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ ÀåæÄƒìøáæ ˆí¬ÑæÇƒìƒàæéÁçæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ êƒîƒàÀôŸ.
395. ûÍÑæéÙëæÜ‡Ñæ ÜŸéÙìæ Äæ øÅœëƒîƒàˆí¬Ñæ ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ øá¬Ñæ øÖ¬Ñøãøãæ ƒàÀçæ ÔèøáƒòÚíƒàæÇæÄøãæ
¬ÑæÉƒîæÇæÄƒìƒàæéÁçæ ÇøãæÄˆíˆíæ.
396. A øÅÃÄøãøã¬ÑƒëƒàÀçæÄæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉˆíæ ˆíƒìƒò€ã¬Ñæ ÄÀçæÉæ ƒì¬ÑæÇøáÀçƒàæêƒî¬Ñæ ƒìæé„ ÉæÄÀçæÇ¬Ñæ ƒàÀçæ Äæ
øÅÃÄøãøã¬Ñƒìæ.
397. üÍÑæ ¬ÑÀóƒèÓÑæÇƒì¬ÑæÉæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ øáƒàˆíæ Àç¬Ñƒñà é„ÇæÇƒîƒèÌăìƒàæéÁçæ ƒñÃéÙîøãæÉæ ܸàÀïŒÑæ øáƒàÀåæ
Äæ ƒîÀçƒàæêƒî¬Ñæ ÔèÌéÙì¬ÑÀçƒìƒàæÄøãæ ƒìæé„ ÀåæÄøä¬Ñæ ÀåæéÙë¬Ñæ ÀåæéÁç¬ÑƒòŸ.
398. ØÈá¬Ñæ ÄæÇƒìƒîæÄøãæ øá¬ÑƒàæÜ€áƒìæ é‰Öæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ Àç¬Ñƒñà ˆíæÇøáæé„é‰ãæ øÅœîƒàøãæÉƒàÀçæÜŸ ƒñÃĈíæ
ˆí¬ÑÀïŒÑÀçæ ˆíƒìæéÙëƒà¬Ñˆíæ.
399. ØÈá¬Ñæ øãæÄˆíƒìæ ǬÑÀçƒìƒîƒëƒòŸ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ƒñÃéÁçæÉ¬ÑƒëøÖƒîøãæ ¬ÑÀóæÇ¬Ñƒèƒìæ øÖæéÙëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øÅÃĿɿ
¬ÑÀóƒèÓуëƒà¬ÑÀçæÇ¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ˆí¬ÑÀïŒÑƒëæÄøãæ ƒñÃăëˆíæ.
400. “˜Àçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ,” “éÁçæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ,” ÄÀçæÉæ “ƒîÀçæÉ¬Ñƒëæ ƒìøá¬Ñæ
øáæéÙîˆí¬Ñæ” Äƒë¬Ñæ Ôèƒë¬ÑƒèÌéÛíƒàƒìƒàæéÁçæÄøãæ ÔèøáƒëæÄˆí¬Ñˆíæ.
401. I ÄÀåæ êƒîƒàƒì¬Ñæ ǬуëƒìæÄƒàÀçæ ƒìøáæÄƒìæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ƒñœàøãøãæ Àç¬Ñ¬ÑæÉæ ƒòŸéÙîƒëæ Çæé„ăìæ
ƒñÕá¬ÑÀçæ ƒòŸéÙîæ ÜŸé„ ÄøÅœëæé„Ŀɿ.
402. ØÈá¬Ñæ ɬшíøäæ ƒñÃÄˆíæ ÀïŒÑƒëƒòŸ øÅœëæé„Ŀɿ.
403. A ƒëæÄƒìƒàæé„ ƒàˆíæ Äæ ÇæéÁåƒèÌăëƒàˆíæéÁçæ ƒîˆíƒàÀçæÜŸ ÀçƒîÀåøÅŒÑƒëˆíæ, øÖæéÙëæ
¬ÑÀóæÄÀåƒèøã¬Ñæ: 10 ƒë¬ÑæÉæ øÅÃÄøãøãˆíæ ƒìæé„ 8 øÅÕãƒî¬Ñæ øÅÃÄøãøãˆíæ éÙëæ 10:8.
404. ߃ëæ. PéÙìƒì¬Ñƒëæ ƒìæÄƒîæÜ€áƒìæ Äƒìæ Äæ ƒëæÄƒì¬Ñæ é‰Öæ ˆíƒàÀóæ Àç¬Ñƒñà ƒñÃéÙëæÉˆíæ ÔèÓуëæ
ÉæÄƒòŸ.
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21
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22
WISE OWL Phonograms
Spelling-to-Sound Relationships
Student Study Sheet
Group 1
a t s
e m i
Group 3
u f y
or
l
n
Group 2
o d r h
w b er th
c
g
Group 4
v p ou
ar ng ow
Group 5
ea sh ay
ie sh ai
Group 7
gn ear
kn wr
igh k
oo ck
x
z aw
tion oa au
wh
ch
Group 6
ey ir j
ei wor ould
Group 8
oi ph sion
oy dge ui
ew
..ed
qu
augh
ough
eigh
Note the words in the sentences use only the letters in the group being taught and the previous groups.
Letters are presented on the basis of ascending frequency in written English. The words are largely
from a famous (Brown University/Kuchera-Francis) computerized study of word frequency across
many grenes of adult literature.
This program is designed to give students the practice necessary to develop automatic cursive word
recognition fluency, cursive word writing fluency, and cursive spelling fluency through focused daily
practice. It is a powerful aid in helping students develops the visual and motor representations of the
Most Often Occurring Words in written English for the purpose of text generation in cursive with good
spelling. Gains in automation at so-called lower level skills (written word identification and production)
helps make available more attentional capacity for richer text generation and heightened
comprehension.
In more technical linguistics terminology symbol-to-sound relationships are called grapheme-tophoneme relatiionships or correspondences.
23
Concerning the Use of WISE OWL™ C u rsiv e Practice Sentences:
WISE OWL stands for Word Identification Strategies of English: Orthographic Word Logic. The
program was originally created to teach bilingual (Spanish speaking) children to read and write English
with the Orton/Spalding/Rogers Phonogram System. The word “orthography” in the title is simply another
word for spelling patterns. The spelling of English will be seen to be quite logical and easy to learn
with this carefully organized system of symbol-to-sound associations and decoding/encoding
procedures. For more information on this type of reading program, see Romalda Spalding’s Writing Road
to Reading and Mr. Frank Rogers’ TATRAS program (Teaching America to Read and Spell). The Core
Vocabulary of 840 words is the same list in the same order of presentation as Mr. Rogers TATRAS Core
Vocabulary
An average of 2.034 words from the 840 English WISE OWL High Frequency Words are introduced per
sentence.
Mr. Potter first composed the sentences for his Second Grade Bilingual class at the Murry Fly
Elementary School in Odessa, TX, during the 2000 - 2001 school year to give his students experience
reading the 840 words in the WISE OWL Core Vocabulary in meaningful sentences. A Spanish
translation was prepared for each sentence to help the students to master the English vocabulary. The
students also signed the sentences with SEE (Signing Exact English). They made spectacular progress in
learning English with this method. The students wrote all the English and Spanish sentences in cursive
for homework.
The sentences are here being repurposed here to teach fluent cursive reading skills to English speaking
students who already know how to read English. While the tudents who complete the program will
naturally improve their overall reading fluency and comprehension; the cursive practice program is not
presented here as a how-to-read program for beginners.
The sentences students to practice reading and writing 840 high frequency words in well formed, easily
understood sentences.
Although it has been a decade and a half since I taught the wonderful second-grade bilingual students at
Murry Fly Elementary, I would like to acknowledge the help of several of the students in writing the
sentences. The students read the English sentences with the Spanish translations to their parents and wrote
all the sentences for homework. It is a very difficult task to create 100% decodable sentences. I made sure
every WISE OWL Most Often Used Word was included at least once, but that no phonogram was used
until it was formally introduced in the phonics lesson. The fact that the all the sounds of each phonogram
were used from the start explains how I was able to write normal sounding sentences from the very start. It
some of the sentences sound contrived or ineloquent, it is due to the severe constraints imposed due to the
limited phonograms available to construct the words at each level.
This might be considered an intermediate course in cursive handwriting. It assumes that the students are
already able to form the cursive letters properly with a good grip, correct letter formation, and smooth
joining strokes. It provides enough practice to develop full automatic. Daily focused practice is absolutely
essential to develop fluency while maintaining legibility. As fluency develops students will be able to
write whole words and sentences with a brief glance.
Revised by Donald L. Potter 2/9/2001 and 10/28/2002. Name changed to WISE OWL in January 2003.
Mr. Potter created the cursive edition on April 6, 2015.
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STATISTICS
For WISE OWL™
Phonograms, Words, and Sentences
Phonograms
Words
Total Words
Sentences Total Sentences
Group 1
8
43
43
20
20
Group 2
8
122
165
71
91
Group 3
6
173
338
91
182
Group 4
8
158
496
60
242
Group 5
9
142
638
77
319
Group 6
10
73
711
33
352
Gruup 7
10
74
785
23
375
Group 8
8
55
840
38
413
WISE OWL™ High Frequency Words in Print Word Count
Prepared by Donald L. Potter, 6/18/2000
Primary
Advanced
Irregular
Total
Group 1
23
19
1
43
Group 2
62
44
16
122
Group 3
74
75
24
173
Group 4
75
64
19
158
Group 5
83
43
16
142
Group 6
47
13
13
73
Group 7
48
16
10
74
Group 8
20
22
13
55
Totals:
432
296
112
840
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A Study to Determine how Many of the Physically Possible
Midline & Belowline Joining Strokes are Represented
in WISE OWL Cursive Practice
by Donald L. Potter, March 7, 2015
Midline Joining Strokes
ba (2P, basic), be (2P, beween), bi (3P, big), bo (2P both), bu (3P, but), bl (blue), br (3P, February),
bs (7I, substantial), bt (3P, subtract), bc (not found, but this is only used with ABC String: abcd..)
oa (7P, board), oe (2I, does), oi (6I, choir), ou (6I, cough), ow (7P, know), oy (8P, boy),
ob (4P, problem), oc (7A, occupation), od (7P, modern), of (3A, off), og (3P, together), oh (2A, oh),
oj (not found), ok (4P, took), ol (5I, soldier), om (2P, mom), on (2P, on), oo (5P, too), op (5P, shop),
or (3P, or), os (2P, most), ot (2P, not), ov (4P, over), ox (not found), oz (not found)
wa (2P, wanted), we (2P, we), wi (2P, with), wo (2A, women), wh (4P, when), wr (7P, wrong), ws (not
found), wn (7P, known)
va (7P, vault), ve (4P, over), vi (4P, having), vo (8A, voice), vu (not found), vy (not found),
Below Line Joining Strokes
ja (not found, Ja:January), je (not found), ji (not found), ju (6P, just), qu (8P, quit)
ga (3P, began), ge (3P, get), gi (3I, region), go (3P, go), gu (3A, guide),
gl (5A, English), gr (6A, graduate), gs (not found), gg (3A, egg), gh (5P, might),
ya (8A, royal), yi (not found), ye (3P, yet), yo (4A, young), yu (not found),
ys (5P, always), yl (3P, cylinder), yr (not found),
za (not found), zi (7A, prize), zo (7P, zoo), zu (not found), zy (7P, lazy), zz (not found) Code: 1P =
Code: Group 1 Primary = 1P, Group 1 Advanced = 1A, Group 1 Irregular = 1I.
Joining strokes not represented in WISE OWL Core Word List: bc, ox (box, Sent. 378), oz, vu, vy, ja, je,
ji, gs (eggs, Sent. 138), yi (playing), yu, yr, za, zu, zz.
Uppercase: A (1-1), B (3-138), C (3-113), D (2-30), E (3 158), F (3-105), G (3-140), H (2-37), I (1-2),
J (6-324), K (5-276), L (1-3), M (2-26), N (2-33), O (2-43), P (4-211), Q (not found), R (5-314),
S (1-18), T (1-12), U (3-108), U (3-110), W (2-14), X (not found), Y (7-371), Z (not found)
26
WISE OWL 840 Core Words
Group 1 Phonograms: a t s
l e
m i n
Group 1 Primary Words
sat at last salt Al as see set let me seems am mama is it I its sit seen an man men in
Group 1 Advanced Words
a all tall tell state less ate same small time little still miss ill sense name mine line Lisa
Group 1 Irregular W ords listen
Group 2 Phonograms: o d b r er w h th
Group 2 Primary Words
to on not no so into most also almost lot mom and do did old told end need seemed mind land dad street red
ran deer he his had him has hand held we between west wanted be went best behind basis bed bee her water
later interest members modern sister the that with this them than then both three rather bath
Group 2 Advanced Words
moment total million alone lone made side idea area rate address ride here home oh was will well want woman
women able table ball Bible bare were don’t better didn’t matter it’s I’m terrible terminate there other these
those another mother months that’s brother
Group 2 Irregular Words
Mr. one two Mrs. been none some does done limb island answer honest ballet solemn handsome
Lesson 3 Phonograms: u f y or c g
Group 3 Primary Words
but must under us united number until thus result students run sum if after himself left find felt itself feet free
feel father fast fun self by only my yet system family body study twenty yes lady fly baby mystery February
can fact city act society cost center music cut cents cry December October cylinder subtract for or order form
north nor get go got big God began together longer dog danger grand emergency
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Group 3 Advanced Words
used human true minutes union blue due issue unusual from life off different federal full wife front fire military
usually finally ninety come since came American called second face case become science local across office
became economic close community common control necessary effect class secretary scene balance twice nice
accident license bicycle ambulance more before history force therefore theory error general college ago age single
gone George guide signal guy language guilty guest egg guidance
Group 3 Irregular Words
cycle thumb hymns column region muscle fasten clothes business hydrogen of any buy many once half busy often
style climb Lincoln neutral colonel Georgia
Lesson 4 Phonograms: v p ar ng ou ow wh ch
Group 4 Primary Words
over even ever very never every university November up problem upon public put program present per open help
perhaps past stop policy plan top spirit pull parents April September piano deposit out our your found four south
court sound ground when what why whether part war far car party art hard started thing long being having
morning strong living how now down own power following town bow2 which such much children child watch
March character
Group 4 Advanced Words
have give government several service above sugar five gave themselves love level evidence moved vehicle divide
twelve place president possible important development company period probably political provide process
personal private police complete support apparently typical personnel multiply department house about country
boulder where while white are around large course various warm guard guitar nothing young among along toward
tomorrow change Christian technical machine parachute
Group 4 Irregular Words
you who type whom tour group whose hour doubt youth Louis people whole Psalms coupon Apostle council
building psychology
Group 5 Phonograms: ea ie sh igh ur ay ai oo k ck
Group 5 Primary Words
years each great head clear least mean death already real near read2 east teacher health lead2 sea eat bear dear
bread ear wear weather she show short shop push shout may day way say always today play might right high
night light think kind week keep making kept dark bank weak break thank kid field tried series applied die
duringchurch further return Saturday Thursday fury train air wait rail too good school took look room stood soon
book wood back black lack
Group 5 Advanced Words
really says said reason leave peace increase league shall Washington English shoulder away Sunday Monday
Friday like make take skills breakfast brake achieve believe married measure turned sure figure surface pressure
surprise security pure treasure pleasure mountain hurry cure against again certain available
Group 5 Irregular Words
door talk heart floor blood ocean flood friend bureau Tuesday soldier straight European Wednesday lieutenant
distinguished
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Group 6 Phonograms: ey ei ir j ew augh ough wor ould ed
Group 6 Primary Words
they key first girl third just major job July January new drew threw crew through thought though enough
although brought throughout caught daughter ought rough bought sought taught fought tough dough slaughter
haughty naughty their either vein work world word worth would could should asked looked jumped
Group 6 Advanced Words
money iron irregular irritate scheduled John June view receive procedures graduate gradually individual
Group 6 Irregular Words
few sew eyes laugh choir cough bough beyond walked receipt borough drought attorney
Group 7 Phonograms: gn kn wr ear x z tion oa aw au
Group 7 Primary Words
design sign campaign early learn heard research earth next six tax expected except taxi lazy zoo saw law
crawl know knew known knee knot wrong wrap wreck wrist wrench action information position section
condition constitution fraction board road coat goal loan float August caution century situation haul vault
Group 7 Advanced Words
assign example experience prize write wrote national education attention occupation because actual
structure picture future irrigation
Group 7 Irregular Words
ratio broad lawyer foreign initial patient essential potential residential substantial
Group 8 Phonograms: oy oi ph sion qu eigh dge ui ..ci..
Group 8 Primary Words
going point oil poison coin photo sufficient freight eighty weight boy toy quit quiz suit fruit judge budget
bridge edge
Group 8 Advanced Words
voice physical telephone phrase elephant orphan occasion decision mission tension vision social special
politician employee royal loyal quite required quiet juice bruise
Group 8 Irregular Words
unique abroad liquor height eighth question Illinois knowledge technique Asia conscious conscience Russia
29