Biology
Standard 2, Objective 1 Pre-test
a1. Which chemical elements would you expect to find in abundance in a living cell?
A. hydrogen, neon, argon
B. carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
C. iron, magnesium, calcium
D. sodium, potassium, sulfur
a2. What is the most common form hydrogen and oxygen are found in living things?
A. fats
B. water
C. protein
D. DNA
a3. How can the acronym “CHNOPS” help you remember the elements found in living
things?
A. It stands for “children have not often played school”.
B. It is the name of the most common chemical element.
C. It is the chemical symbol of the 6 most common elements.
D. It is a code that can be unlocked with a password.
b4. What are the functions of lipid molecules?
A. provide molecules for body structures and enzymes
B. contain genetic information that guides cell functions.
C. provide “quick energy” when the body needs it.
D. store energy and release it when it is needed.
b5. Which of the following is a main component of enzymes and is responsible for the
structure of cells and tissues?
A. lipid
B. nucleic acid
C. protein
D. carbohydrate
Use these simplified diagrams of macromolecules to answer the next two
questions.
C-C-C-C-C-C
C-C-C-C-C-C
C-C-C-C-C-C
A
B
C
D
b6. Which structure represents a lipid molecule?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
b7. What is the function of the molecule pictured on C?
A. store energy for future use
B. carry genetic information
C. act as an enzyme in chemical reactions
D. provide “quick energy” for cells
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
b8. This chart shows the percentage amount of macromolecules found in the cells of a
body tissue. Which tissue type would this cell be from?
A. muscle
B. fat
C. nerve
D. DNA
c9. Eliminating wastes in urine takes advantage of which of water’s properties?
A. solvent
B. capillary action
C. heat capacity
D. adhesion
c10. Water is polar in nature. To be polar means to:
A. be very cold and difficult to warm up.
B. freeze easily and boil rapidly
C. have positive and negative charged ends
D. have a low heat capacity
Answer the following two questions based on this experiment.
An experiment is performed to see how plants respond to acid rain. Water plants are
placed in water of varying pH measurements. The pH levels are 2.5, 6.0, 7.0, and 9.0.
Each day, the health of the plants is measured by counting the leaves and recording
the color.
c11. Which pH is the best control for this experiment?
A. 2.5
B. 6.0
C. 7.0
D. 9.0
c12. If plants in the 2.5 and 9.0 pH range died, which conclusion is justified?
A. Plants do not grow well in acids.
B. Plants do not grow well in bases.
C. Plants are resistant to changes in pH.
D. Plants do not grow well in extremes in pH.
c13. What is the qualitative measurement in this experiment?
A. color of plants
B. number of leaves
C. number of plants
D. pH of the water
Each beaker is filled with the same amount of different liquids. The liquids have been
drawn up into the tubes to the line shown. Answer the following two questions based
on the diagram of the tubes and your knowledge of the properties of water.
A.
B.
C.
D.
c14. Which substance has the most capillary action?
A. substance A
B. substance B
C. substance C
D. substance D
c15. Which substance demonstrates the least adhesion to the tube?
A. substance A
B. substance B
C. substance C
D. substance D
c16. Water helps living organisms maintain internal balance. The best example of this
is when water
A. forms layers inside the cell.
B. prevents large fluctuations in body temperature
C. uses capillary action to move water to great heights
D. helps small bugs stay afloat on the waters surface
d17. A reaction in a cell can occur at lower temperatures and more rapidly because of
which type of molecules?
A. enzymes
B. carbohydrates
C. fats
D. vitamins
Use this information to answer the next two questions:
Students perform an experiment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and beef liver. They
take the temperature of the H2O2 and then add a piece of the liver. The temperature
rises 3 degrees Celcius and a gas is quickly given off that has the properties of oxygen.
A control tube with H2O2 and no liver is unchanged.
d18. What should the students conclude from these results?
A. Substances in the liver allowed the reaction to occur rapidly.
B. The reaction occurred when air and hydrogen peroxide came in contact.
C. The beef liver needed the H2O2 to maintain the functions of a living thing.
D. The H2O2 has the same reaction with the liver as H2O (water) does.
d19. What should the students expect to happen if they add additional hydrogen
peroxide?
A. nothing, the enzymes in the liver have been used up.
B. a slower reaction than the first one, some of the enzyme may remain.
C. the same reaction as before.
D. an entirely different reaction.
Essay
1. What are four common elements in a cell?
2. Outline the significance of water in biology.
- include at least two specific properties of water
- include how the structure of water lends to its importance
3. Explain why cells must maintain a stable internal temperature and why water is
important in this maintenance.
4. Describe the function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids in cells.
Need 3-5 specific examples of each one.