GEIRFA CEMEG CBAC 2016
TG AU CEMEG
UNED 1 – Sylweddau Cemegol, Adweithiau ac Adnoddau Hanfodol
1.1 Natur sylweddau ac adweithiau cemegol
ad-drefnu
adwaith cemegol
adweithydd(ion)
anweddiad
canran cynnyrch
cromatograffaeth
cyfansoddiad
cyfansoddiad canrannol
to re-arrange
chemical reaction
reactant(s)
evaporation
percentage yield
chromatography
composition
percentage composition
cyfansoddyn / cyfansoddion
cyfansoddion ïonig
cynhyrchion
cynnyrch
cymysgedd(au)
cysonyn Avogadro
distylliad
ecsothermig
eferwad
elfenn(au)
endothermig
hafaliad(au)
hidliad
hydoddiant
ïon(au)
màs atomig cymharol
màs moleciwlaidd cymharol
màs fformiwla cymharol
mol(au)
moleciwl(au)
priodweddau
compound / compounds
ïonic compounds
products
product
mixture(s)
Avogadro constant
distillation
exothermic
effervescence
element(s)
endothermic
equation(s)
filtration
solution
ïon(s)
relative atomic mass
relative molecular mass
relative formula mass
mol
molecule(s)
properties
proses ffisegol
sylwedd(au)
symbolau cyflwr
tymheredd
physical process
substance(s)
state symbols
temperature
1.2 Adeiledd atomig a’r Tabl Cyfnodol
adeiledd electronig
adweithedd
adweithiau dadleoli
allyrru
anfetelaidd
anfetel(au)
archwilio
arian nitrad
atom(au)
atynnu
berwbwynt(iau)
bromin
cemegol
cerrynt trydanol
clorin
coch bricsen
cyfnod
dargludo
dargludydd(ion)
dwys
electron(au)
ffisegol
grŵp
gwefr bositif
gwefr drydanol
gwefr gymharol
gwefr negatif
gwenwynig
gwaddod
gwyrdd afal
haearn
halogen(au)
hydrin
hydwyth
ïodin
isotop(au)
jar nwy
lelog
màs atomig cymharol (Ar)
màs cymharol
electronic structure
reactivity
displacement reactions
to emit
non-metallic
non-metal(s)
to examine
silver nitrate
atom(s)
to attract
boiling point(s)
bromine
chemical
electric current
chlorine
brick red
period
to conduct
conductor(s)
dense
electron(s)
physical
group
positive charge
electrical charge
relative charge
negative charge
poisonous
precipitate
apple green
iron
halogen(s)
malleable
ductile
ïodine
isotope(s)
gas jar
lilac
relative atomic mass (Ar)
relative mass
màs moleciwlaidd cymharol (Mr)
metelaidd
metel(au)
metel(au) alcali
niwclews
niwclews (niwclysau) atomig
niwtron(au)
orbitalau
plisg
plisgyn
prawf (profion) fflam
priodwedd(au)
priodweddau cemegol
priodweddau ffisegol
priodweddau rhyngol
profion cemegol
proton(au)
rhif atomig
rhif màs
sgleiniog
sylwedd(au)
tabl cyfnodol
tarneisio
tuedd(iadau)
weldio
ymdoddbwynt(iau)
relative molecular mass (Mr)
metallic
metal(s)
alcali metel(s)
nucleus
atomic nucleus (nuclei)
niwtron(s)
orbitals
shells
shell
flame test(s)
property (properties)
chemical properties
physical properties
intermediate properties
chemical tests
proton(s)
atomic number
mass number
shiny
substance(s)
periodic table
tarnish
trend(s)
to weld
melting point(s)
1.3 Dŵr
adnabod
anfanteision
amgylcheddol
boeler(i)
cadwraeth dŵr
caledwch mewn dŵr
caledwch dros dro
caledwch parhaol
clorineiddio (clorineiddiad)
cromlin hydoddedd
crynodiad(au)
cydrannau
cyfansoddiad
cyflenwad dŵr cyhoeddus
cyflenwi
cyfnewid ïonau
cymysgadwy
cynaliadwyedd
dadansoddi
dadleuol
dihalwyno
distylliad
diwydiannol
domestig
dosbarthu
echdyniad
dŵr caled
dŵr meddal
fflworideiddio (fflworeiddiad)
gwaddodiad
gwahanu dŵr
hidliad
hydoddedd
hydoddiant sebon
hydoddyn
to identify
disadvantages
environmental
boiler(s)
water conservation
hardness in water
temporary hardness
permanent hardness
chlorinate (chlorination)
solubility curve
concentration(s)
components
composition
public water supply
to supply
ïon exchange
miscible
sustainability
to analyse
controversial
to desalinate
distillation
industrial
domestic
classify
extraction
hard water
soft water
fluoridate (fluoridation)
sedimentation
separation of water
filtration
solubility
soap solution
solute
llygredd
llygryddion
llysnafedd
manteision
masnachol
meddalu dŵr
meinwe biolegol
micro-organebau
pibellau dŵr
pigment(au)
pydredd dannedd
sampl(au) dŵr
systemau meinwe
trin
trochion sebon
tynnu (dŵr)
pollution
pollutants
scum
advantages
commercial
to soften water
biological tissue
micro-organisms
water pipes
pigment(s)
tooth decay
water sample(s)
membrane systems
to treat/treatment
lather
abstraction (of water)
1.4 Y Ddaear sy'n newid yn barhaus
amser daearegol
anwedd dŵr
atmosffer
cadwyn(i) o fynyddoedd
cefnen yng nghanol cefnfor/y môr
cefnforoedd
ceryntau darfudiad
craidd
craidd allanol
craig igneaidd
cramen
cylchred greigiau
cyfandir(oedd)
cyfansoddiad yr atmosffer
cyfryngau
cynhesu byd-eang
dadleuon
daeargryn(feydd)
dal a storio carbon
damcaniaeth tectoneg platiau
drifft cyfandirol
dŵr calch
echdoriad folcanig
effaith tŷ gwydr
esblygiad
ffîn platiau adeiladol
ffîn platiau dinistriol
ffîn platiau ceidwadol
ffiniau platiau
ffotosynthesis
glaw asid
gwyddonwyr
hylosgiad
llosgfynydd(oedd)
magma
mantell
geological time
water vapour
atmosphere
mountain range(s)
mid-ocean ridge
oceans
convection currents
core
outer core
igneous rock
crust
rock cycle
continent(s)
composition of the atmosphere
media
global warming
arguments/debates
earthquake(s)
carbon capture and storage
theory of plate tectonics
continental drift
limewater
volcanic eruption
greenhouse effect
evolution
constructive plate boundary
destructive boundary plate
conservative boundary plate
plate boundaries
photosynthesis
acid rain
scientists
combustion
volcano(es)
magma
mantle
newid hinsawdd
nwyon tŷ gwydr
resbiradaeth
rhewlif(oedd)
sgrwbio sylffwr
tanwydd(au) ffosil
climate change
greenhouse gases
respiration
glacier(s)
sulfur scrubbing
fossil fuel(s)
1.5 Cyfradd newid cemegol
adegau rheolaidd
arwynebedd arwyneb
biolegol
catalydd(ion)
clorian bwyso
cofnodydd(ion) data
crynodiad
cyfradd adwaith
cyfradd newid cemegol
cynnyrch
canran cynnyrch
chwistrell nwy
gwaddod
dadansoddi
damcaniaeth gronynnau
gwaddodiad
economaidd
egni
ensym(au)
gronynnau
gwasgedd
gwrthdrawiad
gwrthdrawiad llwyddiannus
lleihau
synhwyrydd golau
wedi ei wanedu/gwanedu
regular intervals
surface area
biological
catalyst(s)
weighing balance
data logger
concentration
rate of reaction
rate of chemical change
yield
percentage yield
gas syringe
precipitate
to analyse
particle theory
precipitation
economic
energy
enzyme(s)
particles
pressure
collision
successful collision
to reduce
light sensor
diluted
1.6 Calchfaen
asidedd pridd
calch brwd
calch tawdd
calchfaen
carbonad(au)
chwarela calchfaen
dadelfeniad thermol
dur
dŵr calch
ffwrnais chwyth
haearn
niwtralu
sefydlogrwydd thermol
sment
soil acidity
quicklime
slaked lime
limestone
carbonate(s)
limestone quarrying
thermal decomposition
steel
limewater
blast furnace
iron
to neutralise
thermal stability
cement
UNED 2 – Bondio Cemegol, Cymhwysiad Adweithiau Cemegol a
Chemeg Organig
2.1 Bondio, adeiledd a phriodweddau
adeiledd(au)
adeiledd ïonig enfawr
adennill
aloi(on) sy’n cofio siâp
amgylchoedd
amsugno
arddwysedd golau
bondiau cofalent
bondio ïonig
brau
cildroadwy
crebachu
cyfansoddion ïonig
chwyddo
dargludedd thermol
dargludedd trydanol
defnydd(iau) clyfar
defnydd(iau) swmp
dellten
diagramau dot a chroes
diaroglydd
diemwnt
fulleren
gel(iau) polymer
graffen
graffit
gronynnau arian nano-raddfa
grymoedd rhyngfoleciwlaidd
gwefr
gwrthfacteria
gwrthfirysol
gwrthffyngol
hydrin
hydwyth
hylendid
ïonau positif
iraid
lled-ddargludydd
manteision
structure(s)
giant ionic structure
to regain
shape memory alloy(s)
surroundings
to absorb
light intensity
covalent bonds
ionic bonding
brittle
reversible
to shrink
ïonic compounds
to swell
thermal conductivity
electrical conductivity
smart material(s)
bulk materials
lattice
dot and cross diagrams
deodorant
diamond
fullerene(s)
polymer gel(s)
graphene
graphite
nano-scale silver particles
intermolecular forces
charge
antibacterial
antiviral
antifungal
malleable
ductile
hygiene
positive ions
lubricant
semi-conductor
benefits
meddygaeth
metel(au)
metel(au) anadweithiol
metel(au) tawdd
moleciwlau syml
môr o electronau
mwyn haearn
mwyn(au)
nanotiwbiau carbon
nanogwyddoniaeth
pigment(au) ffotocromig
pigment(au) thermocromig
polymer(au) sy’n cofio siâp
priodwedd(au)
priodweddau ffisegol
risg(iau)
siâp gwreiddiol
sylwedd(au) cofalent
moleciwlaidd syml
sylweddau cofalent enfawr
tawdd
medicine
metal(s)
unreactive metals
molten metal(s)
simple molecules
sea of electrons
iron ore
ore(s)
carbon nanotubes
nanoscience
photocromic pigment(s)
thermocromic pigment(s)
shape memory polymer(s)
property (properties)
physical properties
risk(s)
original shape
simple molecular covalent
substance(s)
giant covalent substances
molten
2.2 Asidau, basau a halwynau
adweithiau
adweithiau niwtraliad
alcali (alcaliau)
alcalïaidd
anhydawdd
anweddu
arsylw(adau)
asidig
basau
bwred
carbonad(au)
crynodedig
crynodiad
crynodiad cymharol
cyfansoddyn (cyfansoddion)
dangosydd
dosbarthu sylweddau
dull titradiad
ecsothermig
eferwi
graddfa pH
grisialau
grisialiad
gwaddod
gwaddodiad
gwanedig
halwyn(au)
halwynau hydawdd
hydawdd
hydoddiant (hydoddiannau)
hydoddiant pur
ïonau hydrocsid
ïonau hydrogen
mol
niwtral
niwtraliad
piped
sylwedd(au)
titradiad
trawsnewid
y gyfres adweithedd
reactions
neutralisation reactions
alkali(s)
alkaline
insoluble
to evaporate
observation(s)
acidic
bases
burette
carbonate(s)
concentrated
concentration
relative concentration
compound(s)
indicator
to classify substances
titration method
exothermic
to effervesce
pH scale
crystals
crystallisation
precipitate
precipitation
dilute
salt(s)
soluble salts
soluble
solution(s)
pure solution
hydroxide ions
hydrogen ions
mole
neutral
neutralisation
pipette
substance(s)
titration
to convert
reactivity series
2.3 Metelau a'u hechdynnu
anadweithiol
adwaith (adweithiau) cemegol
adwaith thermit
adweithedd
adweithedd cymharol
adweithiau cystadleuaeth
ailgylchu
allyrru / allyriad(au)
aloi(on)
anod
calchfaen
catod
cludiant
cramen y Ddaear
cydbwyso
cyfansoddiad
cyfansoddyn (cyfansoddion) ïonig
tawdd
cyflenwad
cynaliadwyedd
cystadlu
dadleoli
defnydd(iau) crai
dyfrllyd
echdynnu
echdynnu’n ddiwydiannol
effeithiau cymdeithasol
effeithiau economaidd
electrod
electrod(au) batri
electrolysis
electrolyt
electroplatio
ffwrnais chwyth
gloywedd
golosg
gwaddodiad
gwefr(au)
gweithlu
gwrthgyrydiad
Unreactive
chemical reaction(s)
thermit reaction
reactivity
relative reactivity
competition reactions
to recycle
to emit / emission(s)
alloy(alloys)
anode
limestone
cathode
transport
Earth’s crust
to balance
composition
molten ionic compound(s)
supply
sustainability
to compete
displacement
raw material(s)
aqueous
to extract / extracted
industrial extraction
social impact
economic impact
electrode
battery electrode(s)
electrolysis
electrolyte
to electroplate
blast furnace
lustre
coke
precipitation
charge(s)
workforce
resistant to corrosion
hafaliad(au) electrod
hydoddiant
lleoli gweithfeydd
metel(au) tawdd
metel(au) trosiannol
mwyn haearn
mwyn(au)
nwyon tŷ gwydr
ocsideiddiad
ocsidiad
ocsidio
priodweddau
puro
rhydwytho
rhydwythiad
risg(iau)
tanwydd
tawdd
electrode equation(s)
solution
siting of plants
molten metal(s)
transition metal(s)
iron ore
ore(s)
greenhouse gases
oxidisation
oxidation
to oxidise
properties
to purify
to reduce
reduction
risk(s)
fuel
molten
2.4 Adweithiau cemegol ac egni
adweithyddion
amgylchoedd
cynhyrchion
ecsothermig
egni
egni actifadu
endothermig
hylosgi
niwtraliad
newid egni
proffil(iau) egni
trosglwyddo
tymheredd
ynysiad
reactants
surroundings
products
exothermic
energy
activation energy
endothermic
combust
neutralization
energy change
energy profile(s)
to transfer
temperature
insulation
2.5 Olew crai, tanwyddau a chemeg organig
adnodd cyfyngedig
adnoddau naturiol
adweithiau adio
adweithiau sy’n cael eu catalyddu
ailgylchu
alcan(au)
alcen(au)
alcohol(au)
amodau
anadliedydd (offer)
anfioddiraddadwy
annirlawn
anwedd
anweddiad
anweddu
asid(au) carbocsylig
asid ethanöig
atal tân
berwbwynt(iau)
byd-eang
cadwynau polymer
cadwynau syth
catalydd(ion)
celloedd byw
colofn
cracio
crynodiad(au)
cyddwyso
cyfradd adweithiau
cymysgedd
diodydd meddwol / alcoholig
dirlawn
distylliad ffracsiynol
dŵr bromin
ecsothermig
effeithiau amgylcheddol
effeithiau cymdeithasol
effeithiau economaidd
ensym(au)
eplesiad
fformiwla foleciwlaidd ac adeileddol
finite resource
natural resources
addition reactions
catalysed reactions
recycling
alkane(s)
alkene(s)
alcohol(s)
conditions
breathalyser (equipment)
non-biodegradability
unsaturated
vapour
evaporation
to evaporate
carboxylic acid(s)
ethanoic acid
fire prevention
boiling point(s)
global
polymer chains
straight chain
catalyst(s)
living cells
column
cracking
concentration(s)
condensation
rate of reactions
mixture
alcoholic drinks
saturated
fractional distillation
bromine water
exothermic
environmental effects/ impact
social effects / impact
economic effects / impact
enzyme(s)
fermentation
molecular and structural formula
fformiwlâu moleciwlaidd
ffracsiynau
ffynhonnell egni
grymoedd
gwahanu
gweddillion organebau morol
gwyddonydd fforensig
hafaliad symbol cytbwys
hyd cadwyn
hydoddydd
hydrocarbon(au)
hylosgiad
isomer(au) cadwynol
isomer(au) safle
isomeredd
llosgydd gwirod
moleciwl(au) adweithiol bach
moleciwl(au) organig
monomer(au)
ocsidiad
ocsidiad microbaidd
oeri
olew crai
plastigion
poly(finylclorid) PVC
polymer(au)
polymeriad
polymeriad adio
poly(propen)
poly(tetrafflworoethen) PTFE
polythen
potasiwm deucromad(VI)
prosesu drwy gracio
safle(oedd) tirlenwi
sbectrosgopeg isgoch
siwgrau
tanwydd(au)
triongl tân
ymladd tân
molecular formulae
fractions
energy source
forces
to separate
remains of marine organisms
forensic scientist
balanced symbol equation
chain length
solvent
hydrocarbon(s)
combustion
chain isomer(s)
positional isomer(s)
isomerism
spirit burner
small reactive molecule(s)
organic molecules
monomer(s)
oxidation
microbial oxidation
cooling
crude oil
plastics
poly(vinylchloride) PVC
polymer(s)
polymerisation
addition polymerisation
poly(propene)
poly(tetrafluoroethene) PTFE
polythene
potassium dichromate(VI)
processed by cracking
landfill site(s)
infrared spectroscopy
sugars
fuel(s)
fire triangle
fire-fighting
2.6 Adweithiau cildroadwy, prosesau diwydiannol a chemegion
pwysig
adwaith cildroadwy
algâu
amgylchedd
amodau
amonia
amoniwm nitrad
amoniwm sylffad
asid nitrig
asid sylffwrig
asid sylffwrig crynodedig
catalydd haearn
cildroadwy
cyfrwng dadhydradu
cymunedau
dadhydradu
elfennau dŵr
ewtroffigedd
ffibrau
glanedyddion
gwasgedd
gwrteithiau nitrogenaidd
hydradol
llifynnau
niwtraliad
niwtralu
ocsidio
paent
papur litmws coch llaith
proses gyffwrdd
proses Haber
siarp (arogl)
sylffwr deuocsid
sylffwr triocsid
sylwedd(au)
tyfiant cnydau
reversible reaction
algae
environment
conditions
ammonia
ammonium nitrate
ammonium sulfate
nitric acid
sulfuric acid
concentrated sulfuric acid
iron catalyst
reversible
dehydrating agent
communities
to dehydrate
elements of water
eutrophication
fibres
detergents
pressure
nitrogenous fertilisers
hydrated
dyes
neutralisation
to neutralise/ neutralising
to oxidise
paints
damp red litmus paper
contact process
haber process
pungent
sulfur dioxide
sulfur trioxide
substance(s)
crop growth
Cemeg TGAU
Geirfa ychwanegol ddefnyddiol
anfanteision
anhysbys
ansawdd data
casgliad(au)
cofnodion
manteision
rhagfynegiad(au)
tueddiad(au)
tystiolaeth
disadvantages
unknown
quality of data
conclusion(s)
records
advantages/benefits
prediction(s)
trend(s)
evidence