Women and Children’s Care Group
Patient Information
Post menopausal bleeding (PMB)
Your GP has referred you to the PMB clinic which is a
Gynaecology Outpatient Service. This leaflet gives you
information about the appointment and the investigations which
will be carried out during your visit.
Gynaecology Ward
01952 565914
GATU (Gynaecology Assessment and Treatment Unit)
01952 565955
What is postmenopausal bleeding?
Post-menopausal bleeding (PMB) is vaginal bleeding that happens at
least 12 months after your periods have stopped. (The average age of
the menopause in the UK is 50 years.)
Why have I been referred to the PMB clinic?
Any vaginal bleeding or brown vaginal discharge which occurs after a
year since the last period should be investigated. The vast majority of
the women with this complaint have no significant abnormality and can
be discharged after a single visit to the clinic. In only a small proportion
of cases there may be a serious cause for the bleeding, such as
endometrial cancer (cancer of the lining of the uterus).
The purpose of your visit to the clinic is to enable us to do some tests to
try to identify what has caused your bleeding.
What happens during this appointment?
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You will have an ultrasound scan performed by a specialist
sonographer in the x-ray department. A small probe, protected by a
cover, will be inserted gently into your vagina so that your uterus
(womb) can be clearly seen. A precise measurement of the
thickness of the lining of your uterus is taken, along with a general
assessment of the pelvis. It is not usually uncomfortable.
After you have had the scan, you will be asked to attend the
Gynaecology Ward where you will be seen by the doctor in the PMB
clinic.
During the consultation, the doctor will ask you a few questions and
explain the scan findings. The doctor will also perform an
examination which includes an internal examination and a test called
‘pipelle biopsy’.
What is pipelle biopsy?
This is a biopsy of the lining of the uterus. A speculum (which is the
same device used in cervical screening tests) is inserted into the vagina
and a small thin plastic tube is passed through the neck of the womb
(cervix) into the uterus. The biopsy material is then sent to the
laboratory for further examination by a specialist doctor (pathologist).
You can expect some light bleeding for the next few days.
Will it be painful?
You might experience some period-like pains during and after the test.
We suggest you take simple painkillers at least one hour before the
appointment.
What are the benefits of having this test?
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This test is a quick and simple way of obtaining a biopsy from the lining
of the uterus to investigate the cause of the bleeding. You do not need
time off work after this procedure.
What are the risks associated with this test?
• Period-like cramping pains.
• Bleeding. You might experience a small amount of bleeding
after the procedure but this usually settles after a few hours.
• Occasionally a woman feels dizzy and unwell, due to a drop
in her blood pressure, but this resolves quickly.
• Inability to obtain the biopsy. Sometimes the cervix is too
tight, or the woman finds the process too uncomfortable, to
enable the biopsy to be taken. In these circumstances the
doctor will explain to you what happens next.
Will I need any further tests?
Depending on the findings from the scan, the doctor in the clinic may
recommend another procedure called ‘hysteroscopy’. This would be the
case, for example, if the scan showed increased thickness of the lining
of the uterus or any abnormality inside the uterine cavity. An
appointment for the hysteroscopy will be made for another day.
Hysteroscopy is usually done as an outpatient procedure under local
anaesthetic but occasionally a general anaesthetic is required.
A fine telescope is passed along the vagina, through the cervix into the
uterus. The womb is gently dilated using fluid to get a good view to rule
out anything abnormal. Fine instruments can be passed through the
telescope to perform a biopsy or remove polyps.
How do I get the results of the biopsy?
The hospital doctor will write to you and your GP with the results of
biopsy. You will be contacted from the hospital if you need another
follow up appointment.
What if the cells are normal?
If the cells are normal and the ultrasound scan is normal, then we would
not need to take any further action. However if you bleed again, you will
need to ask your GP to refer you back to the hospital.
Are all patients with post-menopausal bleeding referred
to the PMB clinic?
No. If your GP has already performed a scan, and depending on the
findings of the scan, you may be seen first in a General Gynaecology
Clinic to review your situation, or be sent directly for a hysteroscopy in
an Outpatient Hysteroscopy Clinic.
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Sometimes women who have had a past history of breast cancer, those
who are on Tamoxifen, or those with other medical history which gives
them a higher risk for an abnormality of the lining of the uterus, may
also be referred directly to the Hysteroscopy Clinic.
If you have any concerns or any further questions please ask one of the
gynaecology nurses or doctors. You can contact the Gynaecology Ward
on 01952 565914.
Other sources of information
NHS Choices has been developed to help you make choices about your health,
from lifestyle decisions about things like smoking, drinking and exercise, through
to the practical aspects of finding and using NHS services when you need them.
www.nhs.uk
Patient UK
Evidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics.
www.patient.co.uk
Patient Advice and Liaison Service (PALS)
PALS will act on your behalf when handling patient and family concerns; they can
also help you get support from other local or national agencies. PALS, is a
confidential service.
Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Tel: 0800 783 0057 or 01743 261691
Princess Royal Hospital, Tel: 01952 282888
Disclaimer
This leaflet is provided for your information only. It must not be used as a substitute for
professional medical care by a qualified doctor or other health care professional. Always
check with your doctor if you have any concerns about your condition or treatment. This
leaflet aims to direct you to quality websites: these are correct and active at the time of
production. The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust is not responsible or liable,
directly or indirectly, for ANY form of damages whatsoever resulting from the use (or
misuse) of information contained in this leaflet or found on web pages linked to by this
leaflet.
Your Information
Information about you and your healthcare is held by the NHS. You can find out more about
the information we hold and how it is used in the leaflet called: ‘Your Information’ which is
available on our website at: www.sath.nhs.uk
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Information Produced by Women and Children’s Care Group
Version 2
Date of Publication: September 2014
Due for Review on: September 2017
© SaTH NHS Trust
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