1308 – Introduction to Biology
Study Guide for Class Test I
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Chapter 1
What is Biology?
Know seven different properties of life.
What is the smallest level of biological organization that contains all the characteristics
of life?
Know the levels of biological organization in order with definitions.
Define Ecosystem. What are the two main processes maintains the dynamics of
ecosystem? Who are producers, consumers, and decomposers?
Know the name and difference between two major kinds of cells.
Define taxonomy. What are the three main domains of life? Know the classification of
domain Eukarya.
What is evolution? What mechanism did Darwin propose for evolution?
Know the difference between discovery science and hypothesis based science. Which
one is based on inductive reasoning and which one on deductive reasoning? What are
the steps of scientific method? What is the difference between hypothesis and theory?
What is “control group”?
Chapter 2
What is element? What are the most common elements found in our body? What do
you mean by trace element? Name one of them. What disease is caused by the
deficiency of that trace element?
Know the structure of an atom.
What is isotope? Write down two uses of radioactive isotopes.
What are ionic bond, covalent bond and hydrogen bond?
What do you mean by reactant and product of chemical reaction?
Why water is a polar molecule? Know about life supporting properties of water
molecule. What is cohesive bond? What do you understand by evaporative cooling?
Why does ice float in water? Define solute, solvent and solution.
Understand the pH scale. What are the pH for pure water, blood, and gastric juice?
Define acid, base, and buffer.
Chapter 3
1. What are the ‘building blocks’ (monomers) for carbohydrates, and proteins? What type
of covalent bond is found in (a) carbohydrates (b) proteins?
2. By what processes are polymers (a) synthesized and (b) broken down?
3. What is the simplest hydrocarbon?
4. Know about mono, di and polysaccharide with examples. What are the
monosaccharides for lactose? What are starch, and glycogen, and where are they
stored? What are hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances?
5. What are the structural components of triglycerides? Give examples of saturated and
unsaturated fat. What is trans fat?
6. Know the generalized structural formula of an amino acid? How many amino acids do
we have? How do the amino acids differ from each other?