Internationalisation: the Salient Characteristic
of Higher Education?
Ulrich Grothus
Deputy Secretary-General
October 12, 2012
Measures of Internationality
International students
Graduating students with international experience
International faculty
A global approach in curricula
International funding
2
The End of Internationalization: International Universities?
Most students are international
All students do study abroad
Most faculty is international
Global curricula: everywhere the same?
Most funding raised internationally
The paradigm of „global universities“
3
„Internationalization Mainstreaming“
Integration into the core functions of the university will continue
More „international actors“ within institutions
No need for internationalization strategies?
No need for specific international expertise?
Where will our competencies and facilities still be needed?
4
This Talk
I. The different fields and measures of internationalization
II. Probable challenges and how to cope with them
III. The future role of international education professionals
5
(1) International Students: The Global Education Market
6
Foreign Students in Germany
Total Numbers (x 10,000) and Percentage of Student Population
25
20
Germany %
15
10
Germany Numbers
5
0
7
The Global Market for International Students 2000-2009
8
International Students in Top 5 Host Nations
700 000
600 000
500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
1998
1999
2000
United States
2001
2002
2003
United Kingdom
2004
2005
Australia
2006
2007
Germany
2008
2009
France
9
Forecast of Global Demand for International Study Places
6000
5000
4000
Oceania
Europe
Americas
Asia
Africa
3000
2000
1000
0
2005
2010
2015
2020
Source: Vision 2020, Forecasting International Student Mobility
10
Main Drivers and Likely Trends
Discrepancy between (paying) demand vs. (high quality) domestic offer
„Vertical“ vs. „horizontal“ mobility
Degree mobility vs. credit mobility
Undergraduates vs. graduate students
11
(2) Study Abroad: The Need for International Competencies
12
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
19 87
/
19 88
/
19 89
/
19 90
/
19 91
/
19 92
/
19 93
/
19 94
/
19 95
/
19 96
/
19 97
/
19 98
/
99 /20
20 00
/
20 01
/
20 02
/
20 03
/
20 04
/
20 05
/
20 06
/
20 07
/
20 08
/
20 09
/
Outgoing Erasmus Students
30000
25000
20000
Poland
Belgium
15000
France
Germany
Netherlands
10000
5000
0
13
Total Study-Related International Experience (including internships)
(% of graduating cohort / advanced students)
35
30
25
20
Germans
Americans
15
Dutch
10
5
0
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
2009
Sources: Sozialerhebungen des Deutschen Studentenwerks, NUFFIC, IIE Open Doors
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Is There A Glass Ceiling to Student Mobility?
The challenges:
- Incentives from the labor market
- Information
- Recognition
- Funding
- Cultural and social attitudes
15
(3) International Faculty: The „New Argonauts“
Competition for talent, competition based on talent
Cosmopolitan careers vs. national career structures
Some schools (and countries) are more open than others
The language issue
16
(4) internationalization@home
Intercultural skills and global competencies
The curriculum
Integration of international students
Joint programs as an ice-breaker
17
(5) Funding Sources
Higher education a (national) public good or a global merchandise?
A trend to differential fees
More open access to cross-border research funding?
18
This Talk
I. The different fields and measures of internationalization
II. Probable challenges and how to cope with them
III. The future role of international education professionals
19
(1) A Changing World of Scholarship:
Publications listed in CSIE / SCCI
35
30
25
USA
China
Germany
UK
France
Japan
India
20
15
10
5
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
20
Will English Remain THE Lingua Franca
… or will we live a more plural linguistic landscape?
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(2) More Pervasive International Competition
Students may be more mobile – and have more choices
Transnational education: the foreign competitor is next door
International programs a factor in chosing a university
The pressure of rankings
Every institutions needs an international(ization) strategy
But:
Not all institutions can be „world class“
Even „global universities“ are anchored in national systems
The risk of more inequality
22
(3) New Information and Communication Technologies …
… will change the formates of learning – and of international
cooperation
23
(4) A Global War for Talent
Changes in visa status of international students 2008/9
%
35,0
30,0
25,0
20,0
15,0
10,0
5,0
Sp
ai
n
Au
st
ria
*
Ca
na
da
*
F
r
Cz
an
ec
ce
h
Re *
pu
bl
ic
Au
st
ra
lia
Ne
²*
th
er
lan
ds
Ge
rm
Un
an
ite
y*
d
Ki
ng
do
No m¹
rw
ay
²*
Fin
la
Ne
nd
w
*
Ze
al
an
d*
Ja
pa
n²
*
Ire
lan
d
0,0
Source: OECD
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(5) Last But Not Least: Academic Global Responsibility
Tackling global problems in teaching and research
Educating global citizens
25
This Talk
I. The different fields and measures of internationalization
II. Probable challenges and how to cope with them
III. The future role of international education professionals
26
Will our competencies (and our money) still be needed?
 Intercultural skills
 Knowledge about global academic systems
 Help diverse actors to manage international cooperation and projects:
deparments, faculty members, students
 Provide the extra Euros needed … where and when it is needed
27
Thank You For Your Attention
Questions please
Or write me:
[email protected]
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