Economic Geography:
28. Economic systems: (pgs 100-101)
a. Tradition Economy: Behaviors are defined by customs of their elders and ancestors. Give an example: hunter
shares food with another family, no money is exchanged
b. Market Economy: Individuals and private groups make decision about what things to produce. It is based on the
concept of free enterprise, the idea that private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses
and make a profit with only limited government interference.
c. Mixed Economy: One in which government supports and regulates free enterprise through decisions that affect
the marketplace.
d. Command Economy: The government owns or directs the means of production (land, labor capital, and business
managers) and controls the distribution of goods.
Political Geography:
29. Define each of the following government systems and give an example:
Democracy: Government in which leaders rule with the consent of the citizens
Monarchy: King/queen exercises the supreme powers of government
Autocracy: System of government in which the power and authority to rule belongs to a single individual
Oligarchy: Government in which a small group holds power
Theocracy: Government of officials believed to be divinely inspired
Culture:
30. The belief in one god is known as monotheistic Give examples of monotheistic religions. (from religion notes) Judaism,
Christianity and Islam
31. Briefly describe the basic belief of each of the following religions From religion notes)
a. Judaism: oldest monotheistic religion believing in God, “chosen people,” Abraham is the founder, Torah is the
sacred text, sacred building is a synagogue or temple
b.
Christianity: Began as a branch of Judaism, believe Jesus is the son of God, holy text is the Christian Bible, sacred
building is a church
c.
Islam: Youngest of the three religions believing in God, Muhammad is their last profit, Quran is their sacred text,
Mosque is their sacred building, Five Pillars of Islam
d.
Hinduism: oldest of all religions, many paths to salvation, Caste System, Vedas are sacred text, sacred building is a
temple, believe in reincarnation and karma
US/Canada
32. Name the mountains extend from Canada’s Maritime Provinces all the way to the state of Alabama in the southern US? (pg 120)
Appalachian Mountains
33. The national capital of Canada is Ottawa. (pg 121)
34. The national capital of the United States is Washington DC (pg 121)
35. What factors contributed to the overall success of the US economy? (think about the physical features pg 128-129) deposits of
natural resources (iron ore, coal, oil and natural gas), waterways that serve for economic purposes (Great Lakes, St Lawrence
Seaway, Mississippi), climate for agriculture, and it is protected by two oceans
36. Which mountain range stretches from Alaska to New Mexico and is “younger?” How do they differ from the other major mountain
range in North America? P.128 Rocky Mountains, they are higher in elevation because they have not been eroded
37. What factors have lead to the growth of cities in the US and Canada? (pg 136)
Change of agricultural labor to industrial jobs to service industry jobs, causing more people to move to the city. They move for jobs,
healthcare and education.
38. Large population concentration made up of several large and many smaller cities. (pg 137) megalopolis
39. In market economy, private individuals own most of the land, capital and businesses. (pg 139)
40. The US is a postindustrial economy because manufacturing no longer plays an important role. (pg 140)
41. A manufacturing plant owned by a foreign company. (pg 152) Maquiladoras
42. The indigenous people of the Canadian Artic are known as the Inuit (pg 167)
43. In 1994 the US, Canada and Mexico signed the NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) this made trade between them
easier. P.174