Reading Explorer 5
Target Vocabulary Definitions
abashed
academy
accompany
affair
aggregate
albeit
ambitious
amend
anomaly
appendage
appliance
application
arbitrary
assign
assume
astonished
attribute
audit
auspicious
barrier
biased
bind
captive
channel
chapter
charge
circulating
clarify
clause
code
coherent
collaboration
collision
comment
commission
commonplace
commute
compact
companion
complement
comply
component
composition
compound
(adj.) ashamed or embarrassed
(n.) an institution for teaching and learning
(v.) to go somewhere with someone
(n.) a business or diplomatic matter; an event
(n.) something made up of separate parts added together
(conj.) even though, despite
(adj.) requiring exceptional effort, ability, etc.
(v.) to add or change something
(n.) a deviation from the common rule, type, arrangement or form
(n.) something connected or joined to a larger or more important thing
(n.) a machine used in the home for a particular purpose like cleaning
(n.) the special use or purpose to which something is put
(adj.) not based on any system or plan
(v.) to allocate or allot; to give a job or task to someone to do
(v.) to take for granted without any proof
(adj.) very surprised, shocked
(n.) a quality or feature that someone or something has
(n.) an official examination of accounts or records, such as a company’s financial
records
(adj.) likely to be successful
(n.) something (such as a fence or natural obstacle) that prevents or blocks
movement from one place to another
(adj.) prejudiced in a particular direction
(v.) to cause to stick together; to combine with
(n.) a person who has been taken prisoner or an animal that has been confined
(n.) a passage along which water flows
(n.) a period in history or part of a book
(n.) the property of matter responsible for electrical phenomena, existing in a
positive or negative form
(v.) to move or pass through in a circle back to the starting point
(v.) to explain in order to make something clearer
n.) parts of a sentence or a legal document
(n.) a system of symbols or signals with special meaning
(adj.) well planned with all parts going well together
(n.) the act or process of working with one another
(n.) a crash in which two or more people or things hit each other
(v.) to give an opinion or explanation
(n.) a piece of work that is requested and paid for
(adj.) occurring often, therefore not surprising or unusual
(v.) to travel to and from work or school regularly
(adj.) small compared with others; taking up little space
(n.) a person who is frequently in the company of, associates with, or
accompanies another
(v.) to differ, but to go well together like complementary colors
(v.) to act in accordance with a wish or command
(n.) a part that something is made of
(n.) the way an item’s parts are put together
(v.) to complicate matters; to add something to an existing situation
concurrently
confer
confide
consistently
console
constraint
consult
convene
coordinate
correspond
counterpart
criterion
crude
culprit
(to) date
dazzle
deadline
demise
deny
deplete
deserted
detrimental
dire
disorder
disperse
dispute
distort
disturbing
doomed
draft
duration
elevated
embed
emit
empirical
envision
evaluation
exacerbate
exemplify
exert
explicit
exquisitely
extinction
faculty
fake
fanatically
fatal
federal
(adv.) happening at the same time as something else
(v.) to give something such as power or a title to someone
(v.) to tell secrets or private information to someone
(adj.) always behaving in the same way
(v.) to lessen the feeling of loss; to comfort someone
(n.) a limitation; something that holds someone back
(v.) to ask for advice
(v.) to come together
(v.) to organize activities so that people work together efficiently
(v.) to write to someone; to match something
(n.) someone or something that has the same job or purpose as another
(n.) a factor used to judge or decide something; (pl. n.) criteria
(adj.) very simple and basic
(n.) a person or other agent guilty or responsible for an offense or fault
(phrase) until now
(v.) to impress deeply; astonish with delight
(n.) a specific time for completion
(n.) an end of something that is thought of as being like death
(v.) to refuse access or opportunity
(v.) to use up a supply of something
(adj.) lacking people, plants, animals, etc.; sparsely occupied or unoccupied
(adj.) tending to cause harm
(adj.) very bad; causing great worry or fear
(n.) a physical or mental conditions that is not normal or healthy
(v.) to spread something over a wide area
(n.) a serious disagreement
(v.) to change the natural, normal, or original shape, appearance, or sound of
(something) in a way that is usually not attractive or pleasing
(adj.) causing anxiety or worry
(adj.) certain to fail, suffer, die, etc.
(n.) an early version
(n.) the length of time something lasts
(adj.) raised up higher
(v.) to place or set (something) firmly in something else
(v.) to produce and discharge (something, especially gas or radiation)
(adj.) based on knowledge or experience in the real world
(v.) to imagine as a future possibility; visualize
(v.) to judge something; (n.) evaluation
(v.) to make something worse
(v.) to demonstrate a typical example
(v.) to use something in a strong way
(adj.) clear and direct
(adv.) with special beauty or charm
(n.) the state that results when something (such as a plant or animal species)
has died out completely
(n.) the teaching staff at a college or university
(adj.) not real or true, pretending to be something else
(adv.) with excessive enthusiasm
(adj.) resulting in death
(adj.) related to a national system of government that allows states or provinces
to make their own laws and decisions
file
flourish
forefront
format
formula
frame
gear
grade
grant
(take for) granted
grueling
hardship
haul
hence
hierarchy
ideological
imitate
imminent
impede
implement
implicit
impose
inadequate
inconspicuous
incorporate
index
infer
inflict
ingenious
ingenuity
initiate
inspect
integrate
integrity
interfere
internal
interpret
interrupt
intricate
invoke
legislation
levy
liberal
literacy
manual
manufacture
(v.) to submit to be placed on record by the appropriate authority
(v.) (of a living organism) to grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way,
especially as the result of a particularly favorable environment
(n.) the most important part or position
(n.) the particular organization and appearance of something
(n.) a framework or pattern for something; in mathematics, a rule expressed in
symbols
(v.) to surround or outline, as in a photograph
(n.) supplies, tools, or clothes needed for a special purpose
(n.) the level or quality of something
(n.) an amount of money given for a specific purpose
(phrase) fail to properly appreciate (someone or something), especially as a
result of overfamiliarity
(adj.) exhausting, very tiring
(n.) pain and suffering
(v.) to pull or drag with effort or force
(adv.) as a result; and so; for this reason
(n.) a system ranking persons or things; an organization with different levels of
importance
(adj.) relating to or concerned with ideas
(v.) to copy behavior
(adj.) about to happen
(v.) to make movement or development difficult
(v.) to carry out, fulfill a plan
(adj.) expressed in an indirect way
(v.) to force something on someone
(adj.) not enough or not good enough
(adj.) not clearly visible or attracting attention
(v.) to include, contain
(n.) an alphabetical list of items used for reference
(v.) to form an idea based on partial information
(v.) to cause someone to experience or be affected by (something unpleasant
or harmful)
(adj.) original or clever
(n.) the quality of being clever, original and inventive
(v.) to start something
(v.) to careful examine something to check for problems
(v.) to put different groups together; to incorporate
(n.) completeness; strength of character
(v.) to enter or interrupt a situation without permission
(adj.) inside, within
(v.) to explain the meaning of (something)
(v.) to cause (something) to stop happening for a time
(adj.) complicated, having many small parts or details
(v.) to call upon in prayer; to bring something to mind
(n.) laws or proposed laws created by government
v.) to require people to pay money or give services
(adj.) believing that people should have freedom to act or think
(n.) the ability to read and write
(adj.) involving the use of the hands or physical strength
(v.) to produce in large quantities
maximize
mechanism
merger
mingle
miracle
miserable
mode
mutation
neural
nostalgia
nucleus
obligation
oblivion
obstacle
offset
(in) operation
organ
organic
orient
originate
panel
paradigm
parameter
penetrate
persecute
persuade
phase (out)
pioneer
plunge
policy
position
preliminary
premium
prevail
principal
proportion
protocol
quest
ratio
reasonable
refuge
regime
register
reign
(v.) to make larger in amount or importance
(n.) a machine or a system for doing something
(n.) the combination of two or more groups or companies
(v.) mix or cause to mix together
(n.) a very amazing or unusual event, thing, or achievement
(adj.) very unhappy; very sick or unwell
(n.) a state or status; a particular way of living or behaving
(n.) a change in the genes of a plant or animal that causes physical
characteristics that are different from what is normal
(adj.) relating to a nerve or the nervous system
(n.) a feeling that is caused by remembering something from the past; a wistful
desire to return to a former time in one’s life
(n.) the central part of an atom or cell
(n.) a commitment (as by a government) to pay a particular sum of money
(n.) the state of being forgotten or unknown
(n.) something that gets in the way of action or progress
(v.) to balance the effect of one thing by doing another action
(adj.) being in effect or functional
(n.) a part of the body (such as the heart or the liver) that has a particular
function
(adj.) naturally produced or derived from living things
(v.) to face a particular direction
(v.) to begin to exist; to be produced or created
(n.) a rectangular piece of material that is part of a larger structure
(n.) a model or concept used as a standard by which people evaluate,
understand, and often act
(n.) a limit or guideline
(v.) to go through or into something
(v.) to treat people unfairly because of their race or beliefs
(v.) to make someone do something for a reason
(v.) to gradually stop using something
(v.) to help create or develop (new ideas, methods, etc.); to be one of the first
people to do something
(v.) to cast oneself, or fall as if cast, into water, a hole, etc.
(n.) a course of action adopted and pursued by a government, ruler, political
party, etc.
(v.) to put (something or someone) in a particular position
(adv.) beginning, introductory
(n.) a higher price, usually due to short supply
(adj.) to defeat an opponent, especially in a long or difficult contest
(adj.) first in order of importance
(n) a partial number compared to a total number; relative size or extent
(n.) rules of behavior followed by diplomats; acceptable
(n.) a long and difficult effort to find or do something
(n.) a comparison between two things, expressed in numbers
(adj.) referring to the logical and right thing to do; not exceeding the limits of
reasons, not excessive
(n.) a place or situation providing safety or shelter
(n.) a form of rule or government
(v.) to show on instruments or faces
(n.) the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. is ruler of a country
reliable
renewable
reprise
retreat
revise
sacrifice
salvage
scarce
scholar
scope
scrutiny
secure
sensation
sentimental
set (off)
set up
shield
shrink
so-called
solitary
specify
splendid
startling
state-of-the-art
statistics
steady
sterile
stress
struggle
submit
subordinate
subsequent
subtract
successor
superior
supplement
suppress
surge
susceptibility
technical
territory
threshold
tide
tolerate
(adj.) can be trusted to work well and consistently
(adj.) can be replenished
(v.) to start again, to resume, to repeat
(v.) to move back or go away from
(v.) to change something so it is more appropriate; to review
(n.) an act of killing a person or animal in a religious ceremony as an offering to
please a god
(v.) to save something damaged in a fire or accident
(adj.) insufficient to satisfy the need or demand; not abundant
(n.) a person who has studied a subject for a long time and knows a lot about it
(n.) the whole area or extent of something
(n.) a close examination or investigation
(v.) to get or obtain; to make a place safe
(n.) a physical feeling
(adj.) having or expressing strong feelings of love, sadness, etc., in a way that
may seem foolish or excessive
(phrase) to start; to begin a journey
(v.) to cause to be in proper, useful or working condition
(n.) a broad piece of metal or other suitable material, used as protection against
blows or missiles
(v.) to make something much smaller
(adj.) generally named, but perhaps misleading
(adj.) spending time alone
(v.) to name or mention (someone or something) exactly and clearly; to be
specific about (something)
(adj.) very impressive and beautiful
(adj.) very surprising, shocking, or frightening
(phrase) the most recent stage in the development of a product
(pl. n.) facts from analyzing information expressed in numbers
(adj.) gradual, without sudden changes
(adj.) unable to reproduce; completely clean with no germs
(n.) a result of worry and tenseness
(v.) to try very hard to do, achieve, or deal with something that is difficult or that
causes problems
(v.) to present for approval or consideration
(v.) to think or treat (someone or something) as less important than someone or
something else
(adj.) later in time or order from something just referred
(v.) to take away, deduct
(n.) a person who replaces someone else
(adj.) great or greater in amount, number or quality; better than
(v.) to add to something in order to improve it
(v.) to stop or prevent something
(n.) a sudden powerful forward or upward movement
(n.) the state of being easily affected, influenced or harmed by something
(adj.) involving machines, processes, and materials
(n.) an area of land that belongs to or controlled by a ruler or state
(n.) figuratively, a starting place, a beginning; a certain level or point at which
something will take effect
(n.) the way in which something is changing or developing
(v.) to put up with something, even though it is difficult
transaction
transparent
tricky
trustworthy
turbulence
unprecedented
unrestrained
utility
valid
vibrate
violate
volume
withstand
yield
(n.) a business deal; the act or buying or selling something
(adj.) (of a material or article) allowing light to pass through so that objects
behind can be distinctly seen
(adj.) requiring care and skill because of difficulty or awkwardness
(adj.) able to be relied on to do or provide what is needed or right
(n.) violent or unsteady movement of air or water
(adj.) not done or experienced before
(adj.) not controlled or limited
(n.) a service (such as a supply of electricity or water) that is provided to the
public
(adv.) acceptable; based on sensible reasoning
(v.) to move back and forth or from side to side with very short, quick
movements
(v.) to disturb, damage, or treat something disrespectfully
(n.) the amount of space something contains
(v.) to not be harmed or affected by (something)
(v.) to give forth or produce