Openingslide
ImageCourtesyofRomeoDurscher
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Feelfreetoaddyourowninforma6on,useonlypartsofthispresenta6on,ormodify
asyoulike.
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Howmanyofyouhaveseenaneclipse?(showofhands)
-DiditlookliketheoneontherightortheleD?
-Wasitduringthedayoratnight?
Eclipseshappenallthe6me!Thereareanaverageof2solareclipses(leDimage)and
2lunareclipses(rightimage)everyyear.
SolarandlunareclipsesbothhappenwhentheSun,Moon,andEarthlineupanda
shadowiscast.
Theylookverydifferentandyourchanceofseeingthemisverydifferent.
Let’sseewhy.
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Op6onalAc6vity:
Havetheaudiencecreatemodelsofeclipsesusingtheac:vitybelowbeforeyougoon
tothenextslide.
TheYards6ckEclipseac6vityallowstheaudiencetofigurethisoutthemselves.
hSps://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/download-view.cfm?Doc_ID=327
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Thisisaverysimplifieddiagramshowingthedifferencebetweenthetwobasictypes
ofeclipses.
Let’slookatthesolareclipseontop.Here’sEarth.Whenarethepeopleinthe
shadowseeingtheeclipse?(day6me)
OnEarth,weseetheMoonpassinfrontoftheSun.
Butdoeseveryoneontheday6mesideseetheeclipse?(no)
Howaboutthelunareclipse?What6meisitforthepeopleonEarth?Whatdowe
see?(pointtoEarth.Nigh]me.Moongetsdark.)
WillallthepeopleonthenightsideofEarthseetheeclipse?(yes)
ThismakeslunareclipsesmuchmorecommonbecauseawholehalfoftheEarthcan
seeeachone(barringclouds!).
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Addi6onalvisualiza6onofgeometry:hSps://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4324
ShadowconeonUS:hSp://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=4321
Findupcomingeclipseshere:hSp://www.6meanddate.com/eclipse/
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Pauseforamomenttolettheaudiencegetthis
Then<clickthespacebar/next>forthe:tletoappear
Aneasywaytorememberthedifferencebetweenalunarandasolareclipseisinthe
name.
Thenametellsyouwhatgetsdarkerwhentheeclipsehappens.
Inasolareclipse,thesungetsdarker.Inalunareclipse,themoongetsdarker.
GreattweetbyDr.Ka6eMack,astrophysicistandsciencewriter
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Todaywe’retalkingaboutSolareclipses,foraverygoodreason.There’sonecoming
up.
Howdoesasolareclipsehappen?
It’ssimplegeometry–theSun,Moon,andEarthalllineup.
TheMooncreatesashadowthatglidesovertheEarthasitmovespast.
Inthecenterofthatshadow,theSunistotallyblockedbytheMoon,crea6ngafull
shadow.
Onthesides,onlypartofthesunisblocked,makingapar6alshadow.
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Thepointofthatshadowiscalledtheumbra.
Thelargershadowshowninbluehereisthepenumbra.
hSp://blogs.discovermagazine.com/imageo/2016/03/12/heres-what-the-shadow-ofa-total-eclipse-looks-like-from-space-as-it-crosses-earths-face/#.V31u42OQ2AZ
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Imen6onedwe’retalkingaboutthisbecausethere’sonecomingup.Thegoodnews
isthateveryoneinNorthAmerica(withclearskies)willbeabletoseethissolar
eclipse.
Onthe21stofAugust,2017thistotaleclipsewillcrosstheUS.
ItwilltakeonlyaboutanhourandahalftogetfromthePacifictotheAtlan6cOcean
soyoucan’tchaseit.
Butyoucanseeafewminutesfrommanyloca6onsintheUS.
Thelinethroughthecenteriswhereyou’llseeatotaleclipse–it’scalledthePathof
Totalityandit’sabout60mileswide.
MostAmericansarewithina1-daydriveofthepath.Howcloseareyou?
Ifyoucangettothepathoftotality,it’saneventthatwillbeworthit.
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Map:MichaelZeiler,www.GreatAmericanEclipse.com
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Thisisanactualimagefromspace,takenin2016.
Thecentralshadowoftheeclipsewillbemovingmorethantwiceasfastasthespeed
ofsound–atabout2,000mph
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NASAimageofMarch9,2016eclipsecourtesyoftheDSCOVREPICteam
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WhatdoesasolareclipselooklikefromEarth?
Viewinganen6resolareclipsecantakeagoodpartoftheaDernoon.
Fromfirstcontact,wheretheMoonbeginstocovertheSun(leD),towhenthe
eclipseends(right)cantakeabout2-3hours.
Approximate6mingacrosstheUS(DaylightSavingsTime):
PacificTime:8:00am-10:45am
MountainTime:9:15–11:30am
CentralTime:10:45am–2:00pm
EasternTime:12:15pm–3pm
Findtheexact6mingforyourloca6on:
hSp://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEgoogle/SEgoogle2001/SE2017Aug21Tgoogle.html
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Everyonegetstoseethisspectacularevent–ifyouknowhowtolook!
Whileyouwon’tgetthemomentsofnightinthemiddleoftheday,theen6re
countrywills6llseeapar6aleclipse!
Youwillno6ceitgetsomewhatdarkerandshadowsgetverycrisp.
Thepar6aleclipselastsmuchlonger-justover3hoursforeveryone.
WhileyoushouldneverlookdirectlyattheSun,I’llshowyouvariouswaystoobserve
thisphenomenon.
Thispartisimportantevenforpeopleonthepathoftotality.Theywillbe
experiencingapar6aleclipseforthehoursbeforeandaDer.
Image©CopyrightDerekHarper
Visualiza6onofpathacrossUSandsunthey’llsee:hSp://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/
details.cgi?aid=4314
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Duringapar6aleclipse,DoNotLookDirectlyAtTheSun.
Therearemanywaystoviewapar6aleclipse.Eventhoseonthepathoftotalitywill
observeapar6aleclipseforallbutafewminutes,sothisappliestoeveryone.
We’regoingtotalkabout3differentwaystoviewasolareclipsehere.
Let’sstartwiththesimplestway–Projec6on.
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Pinholeprojec6oncanbedoneanywherebymakingasmallholeinapieceof
cardboardor6nfoilandlookingatthelightthatshinesthroughittoaflatplaceafew
feetaway.
Youmightnotknowthis,buttheroundlightsyouseeeverydayontheground,
betweentheleavesoftreesareactuallyprojec6onsoftheSun!
Youcanuseanynumberofsmallholeslikethespacesbetweenleaves,acolander,or
evenyourhands.
Getcrea6veandtryitoutbeforetheeclipse.Youcantrydifferentshapedholes,
differentsizes.Seewhatworksbest.
Ac6vitysugges6on:
Asyouwalkintheevening,youcantrythisatnightwithstreetlightsthroughthe
leaves.SomelightsareactuallymadeupofmanysmallerLEDsandyouwillseethose
intheprojec6ons.
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Anothermethodofprojec6oninvolvesbinocularsorasmalltelescope.
Emphasize:ThisisnotviewingtheSundirectly!Youneverwanttolookthrough
binocularsattheSun.*
Bycarefullycoveringallbutonelens,youcanprojectanimageoftheSunontoaflat
surface.
Thisset-upneedscarefulmonitoringsothatnooneaccidentallylooksthroughthe
eyepiece.
Youwillgoblind.
Possibleaddi6on:
Itcanbeusefultotakeanoldpairofbinoculars(oramagnifyingglass)andshine
themonapieceofthinplas6clikeoldnega6vesoraplas6cgarbagebag.Thesewill
meltandgiveyourvisitorsavisceralremindernottolookthroughbinocularsatthe
Sun.Becareful–thisprojec6oncangetveryhotandyou’llneedtogiveyour
instrumentabreakasitheatsup.
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Therearewaystoobservetheeclipsedirectly,butitrequiresspecialfilters
Useapprovedeclipseglasses–notsunglasses!
Alsoweldersglass#14issafeforviewing.Don’tcombinetwo#7glasses.Thatisnot
safe.
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Telescopesandbinocularsequippedwithspecialsolarfiltersarealsousefulifyou
haveaccess.
Useonlyspecial-purposesolarfiltersonyourpreciousop6cs!
TheseareusuallymadeofmetalizedglassorspecialMylar,notfromaballoon.
Getthesefiltersasfarinadvanceaspossible.Seemoreinforma6onintheResources
page.
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Imagecredit:RickFeinberg
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Now,althoughwe’llallseeapar6aleclipse,ifyou’reonthethickredlineabove,you
willalsohaveacompletelydifferentexperience.
ThisiscalledthePathofTotalityforareason.Theseluckypeoplewillseeatotal
eclipse.
Somecallitlife-changing,othersclaimaspiritualexperience.Noonewhoseesoneis
disappointed.
Let’sseewhatallthefussisabout.
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Atotaleclipseisunlikeanyexperienceyou’lleverhave.
Peopletravelallovertheworldtoseethisphenomena.
Thisonewilllastaroundtwominutes.Daylightturnstonightandtheenvironment
respondsinunusualways.
Temperaturedrops,birdsgohometoroost,andinsectsstarttheireveningrituals.
Let’shearwhatthismightlooklikefromourperspec6veonEarth.
(ShowoneofthevideosbeloworpressthespeakerontheboHomrighttoplayaudio
only)
2015eclipseinNorwayhSps://youtu.be/dRAkhQ6CfmA
Goodvideotalkingaboutwhatyousee:hSps://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12147
2016IndonesiaNASA:hSps://youtu.be/KWvPQBTvtc
AlaskaAirlineshSps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBoa81xEvNA
Australia2012:hSps://youtu.be/mOXnnnR9PKk?t=6m8s
FredEspenackonaboat:hSps://youtu.be/K4KnxE6yAuI?t=13m10s
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ThisisapictureofverycoldobserversbravingtheelementsinNorwayforaglimpse
in2015.PhotobyValerieHwang
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Thetotaleclipselastslessthan3minutesforthisone.
Youwillno6cemanyeffects,suchaschangesinanimalbehavior,temperature,
sound,ofcourseitgetsverydark.
Youwillseeasunsetallaroundyouonthehorizonandtheskywillbedarkenoughto
seestars.
ThesefewmomentsaretheOneAndOnlyTimeyoumaysafelylookdirectlyatthe
Sun.
Veryfewpeopleintheworldhaveeverseenatotalsolareclipsebefore.
Takethe6metoenjoythis.Eclipsechaserswilltellyouitseemstopassveryquickly.
Ifyoufeelcompelledtotakeimages,setitupwellaheadof6metotakeimages
automa6cally.
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Ifyou’reabletogettothepathoftotality,you’lllikelyneedtoplanahead.
Manyofthehotelsonthepatharealreadybooked.
Butyoudon’thavetobestayingdirectlyonthepathoftotality.Aslongasyouwake
uponAugust21stwithinanhourofthepath,youshouldbeabletomakeit.
Prac6ceyourroutethedaybefore.Bepreparedfortraffic.
Bringsnacks,sunscreen,andshadelikeanumbrella.Besuretousethefacili6es
aheadof6me.
Bepreparedwitheclipseglasses/projec6ondevicesforthebeforeandaDer!(more
onthatinaminute)
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Useimagesofastateclosetoyou,foundhere:
hSp://www.greatamericaneclipse.com/na6on/
**Timinginfo:
Pacific6mezone:10:15am–10:30am-ish
Mountain6mezone:11:45–noon-ish
Central6mezone:1:00–1:15-ish
Eastern6mezone:2:30–2:45-ish
(Daylightsavings6me)
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Eclipseswereexci6ngattheturnofthelastcenturyandit’ss6llexci6ngtoday.
Bringyourfriendsandfamilytoexperienceitwithyou.
Last6methewholecountrycouldseeatotaleclipsewasin1918!(next6mein
2024!)
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BoSomleD:1911ParisbyEugnAtget
Newspaperar6clefrom1918USeclipse
TopimageOklahomaCityAstronomyClubduringthe2014par6aleclipseCredit:
DaveHuntz
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Involveyourcommunityintheexcitement!
Mostpeoplehaveneverseenaneclipsebeforeandthiscouldbeaverymemorable
event.
Youdon’tevenneedatelescope!
Ordereclipseglassesnow,inadvance.Someplacesevensellglassestoraisemoney
fortheevent.
•  PlanSunandMoonthemedmusic,food,anddecora6ons-cananyonethinkofan
aneclipsesong?SunorMoonfood?
•  Setupsomeexperiments!Experimentscanbeassimpleasathermometerand
clockon6melapseallthewaytoacameraonaweatherballoonandanythingin
between.
•  Watchonlineastheeclipsewhizzesacrossthecountry.Seeeclipse2017.nasa/gov
formoreinforma6on.
•  Createa6mecapsuleoraleSertoyourfutureselftoopenatthenexteclipse
(2024)
GrandCanyonNa6onalPark:AnnularEclipseViewing2012
Moreinforma6onaboutplanninganevent:
hSp://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/planning-your-eclipse-party
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NASAispreparingthecountryforthisbigevent.(websiteboSomleD)
TheNightSkyNetworkconnectsyoutoyourlocalamateurastronomyclub.
Youcanalsofindlotsofresourcesthere.
Aswellasonthewww.nisenet.orgwebsite.
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Inthisdiagram,youcanseethattheMoon’sorbitaroundtheSunisata6lt.Thisis
whywedon’tgetalunareclipseeverymonth.Thisdiagramisnottoscale:theMoon
ismuchfartherawayfromEarththanshownhere.
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Trythisac:vitywithyouraudienceusingsimplematerials:
hHps://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov/download-view.cfm?Doc_ID=326
Credit:NASASpacePlace
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Wearealiveduringaspecial6meinthehistoryoftheEarth.
TheMoonisslowlymovingawayfromtheEarth*attherateofaboutaninchayear.
(Aboutasfastasyourfingernailsgrow!)
Inanotherbillionyearsorso,therewillbenomoresolareclipsesbecausetheMoon
willbetoofarandappeartoosmalltocoveruptheSun.
*TheMoonpullsonthewateronEarthcrea6ng6de.Those6despullbackonthe
Moon,causingittoslowdowneversoslightly.
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"Ifyoudoaworldwidesurveyofeclipselore,thethemethatconstantlyappears,with
fewexcep6ons,isit'salwaysadisrup6onoftheestablishedorder,"saidE.C.Krupp,
directoroftheGriffithObservatoryinLosAngeles,California.asquotedinNa6onal
Geographic
TheimagehereshowsanancientChinesemyth.Tiangouwasablackdogwhoatethe
Sun.
Tradi6onalMythsandEclipsestories:
hSps://www.6meanddate.com/eclipse/solar-eclipse-myths.html
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"TheNewYearPain6ngofZhangXian"
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