Name: _______________________________________
3.3- 3.4 Reading Guide
1.________ What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web? (3.3)
a. energy path
b. food chain
c. trophic level
d. food pyramid
2. _______What goes in Box 5 of the food web in Figure 3–2? (3.3)
a. herbivores
b. scavengers
c. carnivores
d. decomposers
3._______ Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the
remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is :
(3.3)
a. used in reproduction.
b. stored as body tissue.
c. stored as fat.
d. eliminated as heat.
4.______Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
(3.4)
a. photosynthesis.
b. transpiration.
c. burning of fossil fuels.
d. decomposition of plants and animals.
5.______
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
(3.4)
a. humans.
b. plants.
c. bacteria.
d. consumers.
6.______The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because (3.4)
a. energy flows in one direction, and nutrients recycle.
b. energy is limited in the biosphere, and nutrients are
always available.
c. nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles.
d. energy forms chemical compounds, and nutrients are
lost as heat.
Name: _______________________________________
7._______.Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown below. ( 3.3)
a. tree, rabbit, hawk, snake
b. grass, grasshopper, snake, hawk
c. grass, caterpillar, robin, hawk
d. tree, deer, mountain lion, fox
_____ 8.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The burning or combustion of fossil fuels has increased the atmospheric levels of : 3.4
Carbon
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Lithium
_______9. During what process does Carbon (in the form of Carbon Dioxide) get released back into the
atmosphere? (3.4)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Earthquakes
Denitrification
_______10. How does most of the carbon in an organism’s body return to the environment after the
organism dies?
(3.4)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Decomposers break the body down into simpler compounds
Heat from the sun causes the carbon in the body to evaporate
Geological processes cause the body to turn into a fossil fuel
Rainwater dissolves the carbon in the body and carries it to the oceans
_______11. The four elements that make up over 95 percent of the body in most organisms are :
a.
b.
c.
d.
Oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and hydrogen
Oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen and hydrogen
Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen
Carbon, oxygen, iron, and hydrogen