ChemQuest 35
lntro, to chemical Reoctioil$"
Date:
Hour:
Formula Review
1.
Write the formulas for the following compounds:
a) dinitrogen pentoxide:
c) copper(Il) phosphate:
2.
Lt .n
I \-(
JR
-----------El_-
Ut!Utt'u",ele
b) calcium phosphide
I
d) lithium sulfate
Write the names for the foliowing compounds:
a) Ca(CN)2
c) FeCO3
:
n c6*.s
' O)*rru** C-r*n
d
i son.l {,lg\ r.^rr ksu,Lu-
s
b) Pzo:
d"i.phosf.$n"re"
d) K3N
pbhssriJft-r ni+rid.*-
fu i a*ffi-q-
Chemical Reactions: What the y look like...
Here is what a chemical reaction looks like when
Cu(NO3)2
it is written
+ Zn ) Zn(NO3), +
Cu
There is a sentence that you can $,rite to describe what happens above:
Copper1D nitrate reacts with zinc metal and yields zinc nitrate and copper metal.
Take a minute to notice the relationship between the sentence and the symbols in the reaction
Now, try a few yourself.
Critical Thinkinq Questions
3.
Given the following reaction, write the sentence that goes along with it...
CaCl2
+ AgNO3
Co*enq&rr,ohlc*rd'.s- renei-g t*"at+h
Cwr&
ti\*ev
C,L+tovr&e-
)
CaO.lO:)z
sikes tni+f&*e
$o
+
AgCl
3
e\d
c,g.ki*rn nfhrd$
4.
Given the following sentence, use chemical symbols to write a reaction that represents
11...
Nickel(Il) nitrate reacts with sodium carbonate and yields nickel(Il carbonate and
sodium nitrate
h"&;
5.
L'F&*a\z
f Flagc-&3 NiC0s* l"'.]^hl0a
Given the following reaction, write the sentence that goes along with it.
Na2CO3
+ AlClr
)
..
NaCl + Alz(CO:)s
Sodiu*^ c&lrtelots, e*.& nh*nft{nq*rvt ghBovf&E veo-e.bs io &g*"n
$d,t'u-wr Clnlorr'de a*-d 6[qs*'".Jsws&ftn ge,vk5op,$@*.{*
6.
Write an equation to go along with the following sentence.
Lithium reacts l.eith water to produce lithium hydroxide and hydrogen
t{
' nZU
f
L\
I 'r-\x.}.
l-r LJrt
-L
t
Information: lntroduction to Reactions
During a chemical reaction, new substances are formed. Reactants are transformed into different
oroducts. Atoms are never created or destroyed, but they are rearranged A chemical equation
represents what happens during a reaction. The following is an example of a chemical equation:
Example Equation: Ca
* HNO3
)
Ca(NOs)z + Hz
This equation describes the reaction ofcalcium (Ca) with nitric acid (HNO3) to produce calcium
nitrate (CaQ.JO)2) and hydrogen gas (H2). You may notice that there are more total atoms on the
right side than there are on the left side of the equation. If this seems strange to you, don't worry
about it now; we'll fix this later.
Note in the above equation that hydrogen gas is uritten as Hu and not simply as H. There are a
few elements that exist as diatomic molecules. Ifa substance is diatomic then the substance
must always be bonded to something. A hydrogen atom is diatomic and so it must be bonded to
something else like in HCI or HNO3. If nothing is available for it to bond to, it will bond to itself
by forming H2. All of the diatomic substances are listed beiow:
BTINCIHOF
When by themselves these elements exist as Br2, Iz, Nz, Clz, Hz, Oz, and F2. By the way, you can
remember these by recalling a made-up name: Mr. Brinclhof
Critical Thinkinq Questions
7.
)
side?
Consider the bromine atoms in this reaction: LiBr + P
a) Why is bromine written as Brz on the right
'
b)
Li3P
+
Br2.
.
11tsui no't4^l*q €'Lse {t> l"oncl *o'
ot daa*gtl\iE. e.tp.a,.en{ iu,*
ltq
'bosl&
o,-rrth i?sgtt.
J
LiBr. Why doesn't bromine
The conect formula for lithium bromide is
the formula?
.t,ts
r'*?{
need
a"2" in
q{ .
!--r isa*le1*,vqe. Ef is-i
h"rlten sf &oyds u:rth sorwdXtrq*-tv, W*.qrqgd *o ,fo.L
8.
CV*"A*, +" **pe. a sc€Ldye{ cc#"po**d.
Name the "reactants" and the "products" from the reaction in question 7.
f,:
R: t-rBr r F
C-i3f;.Eco
lnformation: Sin gle Replacement Reactions
There are several types ofreactions that follow predictable patterns. The first kind is called a
single replacement reaction. See if you can figure out the pattem in each of the following
reactions.
Ag+KCl)K+AgCl
CaF2+Iv'{g)MgF2+Ca
Critical Thinkinq Questions
9. Answer the questions that follow
based on this chemical equation:
Na+MgClz)NaCl +Mg.
a)
Why can't NaMg be produced (Hint: consider the charges of the sodium and
rre&e{s, soo*h luvs Tssr+i\r{ el"erges
5;o -lhe,,{ tCIo!q.{" bov-d tuq6fh{r
'"*frHti"#JL
" HTH":l'3'i1""'t'* isa't 50 1.{40\a Lasu\dsk be b€wkeg
c)
Given your aaswers to parts a and b, do you think that NaCl and Mg are the only
products that can be produced?
I4PS
.\,
)
following equation: Li + Ca3(POa)z
Why can't Caliz be produced?
10. Given the
a)
bc*'h a,r< **.*rJsu tPot'tq haw
b)
Why can't Li3P be produced?
6st-oaaAe
e is*i
o-love, if
Li:POq + Ca
s
*-t**&e. se-fkc4 ffiQ**
r
s '!-s"4-+ s&*,&s p*tosPhc*"o-
c) Are Li3POa and Ca the only substances that can be produced?
4{s
..)
?e*
iwl
E
1
1. Write chemical equations for the
a)
following reactions.
Aluminum sulfate reacts with barium to produce barium sulfate and aluminum.
Arz@\a
b)
+
&,- --* €e&"
+ A\
Magnesium reacts with copper(I) nitrate to produce magnesium nitrate and copper.
* C"-iaU3 -i 5n.3tr"l$g\a * C'q
c) Sodium
with calcium phosphide to produce sodium phosphide
h"la + CasF -+ b'b.6? + eeFa3
reacts
d)
and calcium.
Phosphorus reacts with sodium chloride to produce sodium phosphide and chlorine
P + F.bO\
h.&etP
t Cia
foliows a similar pattem. The same
pattem is followed by all of the equations in this section. Describe this pattern.
12. Each of the reactions you wrote in question 11
et&d u:rth q stlg\e f,\trneh{
13. Complete the
a)
following reactions
NaCl+ag) j\gl-
b) Al:O: + Rb )
c)
Li + Ca:(PO+)z
+
wq
h!e r R.buQ
) L!
3
f&
+ea'
a.an&
e Carwpexan&